In People With Tibial Plateau Fractures What Prognostic Indicators Impact Achievement Of Functional Range Of Motion At The Knee

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In People with Tibial Plateau Fractures, what Prognostic Indicators Impact Achievement of Functional Range of Motion at the Knee?

Author : Bailee Carey
Publisher :
ISBN 13 :
Total Pages : 0 pages
Book Rating : 4.:/5 (137 download)

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Book Synopsis In People with Tibial Plateau Fractures, what Prognostic Indicators Impact Achievement of Functional Range of Motion at the Knee? by : Bailee Carey

Download or read book In People with Tibial Plateau Fractures, what Prognostic Indicators Impact Achievement of Functional Range of Motion at the Knee? written by Bailee Carey and published by . This book was released on 2023 with total page 0 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Background: Tibial plateau fractures are an uncommon injury to the proximal tibia resulting from low or high energy trauma. Significant long-term effects of these fractures include knee stiffness and increased incidence of knee osteoarthritis. This review aimed to identify the prognostic indicators of reduced functional knee range of motion (ROM) following a tibial plateau fracture.Methods: Literature was reviewed using Medline, Cochrane Database of Systematic Reviews, and CINAHL between September 2021 to May 2023. Search term examples included “tibial plateau fractures”, “prognosis”, and “knee ROM or knee stiffness”. Articles were included if the fracture was classified Schatzker stage I-VI or OTA/AO A-C and if prognostic indicators were identified. Articles were excluded if they did not contain follow-up results at 1 year or knee ROM measurements, and if they were non-English. Each article was appraised for quality by 2 or 3 authors based on pre-established appraisal checklists.Results: The 5 primary search strings yielded 181 results. Eight articles were included in the literature review including 1 prospective cohort study, 4 retrospective cohort studies, and 3 case studies.Conclusions: The literature supports that prognostic indicators for individuals with tibial plateau fractures for not achieving functional knee ROM include modifiable and nonmodifiable factors. Prognostic indicators of decreased knee ROM include older age at the time of injury, more severe fracture type on the Schatzker classification, larger amounts of articular depression of the tibial plateau, valgus deformity, decreased hamstring and quadriceps strength after the injury, impaired bone metabolism, and extended time in an external fixator based off of normative values.

Functional outcomes of Tibial Plateau Fractures

Author : Ben Kuiper
Publisher :
ISBN 13 :
Total Pages : 56 pages
Book Rating : 4.:/5 (115 download)

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Book Synopsis Functional outcomes of Tibial Plateau Fractures by : Ben Kuiper

Download or read book Functional outcomes of Tibial Plateau Fractures written by Ben Kuiper and published by . This book was released on 2014 with total page 56 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Purpose: The purpose of this study was to assess the functional outcomes of tibial plateau fractures at six, twelve, and twenty four months post-surgical fixation. The secondary goal was to define the impact of subject demographic information (age, gender, Body Mass Index (BMI), ethnicity, comorbidities (diabetes mellitus, osteoporosis, smoking status), and injury mechanism details on functional outcomes. Methods: A retrospective chart review was performed using a uniform data collection tool. All patients had tibial plateau fractures managed surgically with an open reduction international fixation procedure. Data collected for each subject included demographic data, comorbidities present prior to injury, injury mechanism, and post-operative complications. Functional outcomes were assessed using the Short Musculoskeletal Function Assessment (SMFA), which is a survey that was filled by each subject at follow-up visits. Data analysis was performed using independent samples T-test, Mann-Whitney, and Kruskall-Wallis tests. Results: A total of 174 subjects were used for data analysis. There was no evidence of change over time in functional outcomes from six to twelve to twenty four months post-surgical fixation; however the study is limited because most subjects did not have SMFA scores at all three time points. Of the 174 subjects, only two had complete data including SMFA scores at six, twelve, and twenty four months. For this reason, only SMFA scores collected at the six month time point were used to assess the impact of subject demographics and comorbidities on functional outcomes. This data showed a statistically significant impact of –subject smoking status and BMI on functional outcomes; all other factors analyzed showed to significant impact. Patients who currently smoke or who have ever smoked had worse functional outcomes (demonstrated by higher SMFA scores) at six months in the SMFA categories of emotional (p=0.042), dysfunction (p=0.046), and bother (p=0.005). The data also showed a significant difference between subjects in the various BMI categories in the SMFA categories of emotional (p=0.018), mobility (p=0.021), dysfunction (p=0.045) and bother (p=0.040), with a general trend of higher BMI having worse functional outcomes. Conclusion: Based on the results, the only factors with a significant effect on functional outcomes of tibial plateau fractures post-surgical fixation were smoking status and BMI. Factors such as gender, osteoporosis, diabetes mellitus, concomitant lateral meniscus tear, low vs. high impact injury, and open vs. closed fracture, did not have a significant impact based on the SMFA score at 6 months post-fracture. This data suggests the important of preventative medicine when it comes to fracture healing: the patients’ health status prior to the injury has a greater impact on functional outcome than the mechanism of the fracture itself. More studies need to be performed in the future to adequately define the functional outcomes of tibial plateau fractures.

The Rationale of Operative Fracture Care

Author : Joseph Schatzker
Publisher : Springer Science & Business Media
ISBN 13 : 3662024837
Total Pages : 445 pages
Book Rating : 4.6/5 (62 download)

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Book Synopsis The Rationale of Operative Fracture Care by : Joseph Schatzker

Download or read book The Rationale of Operative Fracture Care written by Joseph Schatzker and published by Springer Science & Business Media. This book was released on 2013-06-29 with total page 445 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: After the publication of the AO book Technique of Internal Fixation of Fractures (Miiller, Allgower and Willenegger, Springer-Verlag, 1965), the authors decided after considerable discussion amongst themselves and other members of the Swiss AO that the next edition would appear in three volumes. In 1969, the first volume was published (the English edition, Manual of Internal Fixation, appeared in 1970). This was a manual of surgical technique which discussed implants and instruments and in which the problems of internal fixation were presented schematically without radio logical illustrations. The second volume was to be a treatise on the biomechanical basis of internal fixation as elucidated by the work done in the laboratory for experi mental surgery in Davos. The third volume was planned as the culminating effort based upon the first two volumes, treating the problems of specific fractures and richly illustrated with clinical and radiological examples. It was also to discuss results of treatment, comparing the results obtained with the AO method with other methods. The second and third volumes were never published. The second edition of the AO Manual appeared in 1977. It dealt in greater detail with the problems discussed in the first edition, although it still lacked clinical exam ples and any discussion of indications for surgery. Like the first edition, it was trans lated into many languages and was well received. Finally, after 22 years, the much discussed and much needed third volume has appeared.

Tibia Pathology and Fractures

Author : Dimitrios D. Nikolopoulos
Publisher : BoD – Books on Demand
ISBN 13 : 183962406X
Total Pages : 145 pages
Book Rating : 4.8/5 (396 download)

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Book Synopsis Tibia Pathology and Fractures by : Dimitrios D. Nikolopoulos

Download or read book Tibia Pathology and Fractures written by Dimitrios D. Nikolopoulos and published by BoD – Books on Demand. This book was released on 2020-09-09 with total page 145 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The tibia is the larger, stronger, and anterior (frontal) of the two bones in the leg, which connects the knee with the ankle bones. The tibia, or shinbone, is the most fractured long bone in the body. In recent years, high-energy accidents result in comminuted tibia fractures or intraarticular fractures of the knee (plateau) or ankle (platform) that need immediate open reduction and internal fixation with anatomical plates or intramedullary nails. Intraarticular fractures with comminution or fractures with non-appropriate internal fixation predispose to post-traumatic knee or ankle arthritis. Conservative current therapies (injections of plate-rich plasma or stems cells) or high tibia osteotomies may delay the need of total knee arthroplasty. Tibia Pathology and Fractures analyzes all the up-to-date internal fixation or other operative or conservative therapies.

Osteotomies around the Knee

Author : Philipp Lobenhoffer
Publisher : Thieme
ISBN 13 : 9783131475312
Total Pages : 308 pages
Book Rating : 4.4/5 (753 download)

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Book Synopsis Osteotomies around the Knee by : Philipp Lobenhoffer

Download or read book Osteotomies around the Knee written by Philipp Lobenhoffer and published by Thieme. This book was released on 2009-01-16 with total page 308 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Written by leading surgeons with expertise in performing osteotomies around the knee, this book is an essential reference for the current techniques in joint-preserving knee surgery. The book opens with a thorough discussion of physiology, pathophysiology, clinical evaluation, and imaging. It then describes the indications and basic principles of treatment and provides a detailed planning algorithm for high-tibial osteotomy. Separate chapters cover various clinical applications, addressing important topics ranging from the effects of osteotomies on cartilage pressure in the knee to management for failed osteotomies around knee. The book also discusses the latest technological developments in the field, such as computer-assisted navigation and the development of plate fixators. Features: -Clinical insights and practical tips from experts in the field -Detailed presentation of surgical techniques -Numerous high-quality images and illustrations demonstrating key concepts -Discussion of how to manage complications after high-tibial open-wedge osteotomy

Postgraduate Orthopaedics

Author : Paul A. Banaszkiewicz
Publisher : Cambridge University Press
ISBN 13 : 1107627362
Total Pages : 301 pages
Book Rating : 4.1/5 (76 download)

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Book Synopsis Postgraduate Orthopaedics by : Paul A. Banaszkiewicz

Download or read book Postgraduate Orthopaedics written by Paul A. Banaszkiewicz and published by Cambridge University Press. This book was released on 2012-08-16 with total page 301 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The must-have book for candidates preparing for the oral component of the FRCS (Tr and Orth).

Tidy's Physiotherapy

Author : Stuart Porter
Publisher : Elsevier Health Sciences
ISBN 13 : 0702043443
Total Pages : 685 pages
Book Rating : 4.7/5 (2 download)

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Book Synopsis Tidy's Physiotherapy by : Stuart Porter

Download or read book Tidy's Physiotherapy written by Stuart Porter and published by Elsevier Health Sciences. This book was released on 2013-03-21 with total page 685 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: A classic textbook and a student favourite, Tidy's Physiotherapy aims to reflect contemporary practice of physiotherapy and can be used as a quick reference by the physiotherapy undergraduate for major problems that they may encounter throughout their study, or while on clinical placement. Tidy's Physiotherapy is a resource which charts a range of popular subject areas. It also encourages the student to think about problem-solving and basic decision-making in a practice setting, presenting case studies to consolidate and apply learning. In this fifteenth edition, new chapters have been added and previous chapters withdrawn, continuing its reflection of contemporary education and practice. Chapters have again been written by experts who come from a wide range of clinical and academic backgrounds. The new edition is complemented by an accompanying online ancillary which offers access to over 50 video clips on musculoskeletal tests, massage and exercise and an image bank along with the addition of crosswords and MCQs for self-assessment. Now with new chapters on: Reflection Collaborative health and social care / interprofessional education Clinical leadership Pharmacology Muscle imbalance Sports management Acupuncture in physiotherapy Management of Parkinson's and of older people Neurodynamics Part of the Physiotherapy Essentials series - core textbooks for both students and lecturers! Covers a comprehensive range of clinical, academic and professional subjects Annotated illustrations to simplify learning Definition, Key Point and Weblink boxes Online access to over 50 video clips and 100's of dowloadable images (http://evolve.elsevier.com/Porter/Tidy) Online resources via Evolve Learning with video clips, image bank, crosswords and MCQs! Log on and register at http://evolve.elsevier.com/Porter/Tidy Case studies Additional illustrations

Rotatory Knee Instability

Author : Volker Musahl
Publisher : Springer
ISBN 13 : 331932070X
Total Pages : 505 pages
Book Rating : 4.3/5 (193 download)

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Book Synopsis Rotatory Knee Instability by : Volker Musahl

Download or read book Rotatory Knee Instability written by Volker Musahl and published by Springer. This book was released on 2016-09-27 with total page 505 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This book is designed to equip the reader with the knowledge and tools required for provision of individualized ACL treatment based on the best available evidence. All major aspects of the assessment of rotatory knee instability are addressed in depth. A historical overview of arthrometers, both invasive and non-invasive, is provided, and newly developed devices for the measurement of rotatory knee laxity are considered. Recent advances with respect to the pivot shift test are explained and evidence offered to support a standardized pivot shift test and non-invasive quantification of the pivot shift. Specific surgical techniques for rotatory laxity are described, with presentation of the experience from several world-renowned centers. In addition, functional rehabilitation and “return to play” are discussed. In keeping with the emphasis on an individualized approach, the book highlights individualization of surgical reconstruction techniques in accordance with the specific injury pattern and grade of rotatory knee laxity as well as the use of individualized rehabilitation techniques. Numerous high-quality images illustrate key points and clear take-home messages are provided.

Fractures in the Elderly

Author : Robert J. Pignolo
Publisher : Springer Science & Business Media
ISBN 13 : 1603274677
Total Pages : 338 pages
Book Rating : 4.6/5 (32 download)

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Book Synopsis Fractures in the Elderly by : Robert J. Pignolo

Download or read book Fractures in the Elderly written by Robert J. Pignolo and published by Springer Science & Business Media. This book was released on 2010-11-25 with total page 338 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Fractures in the Elderly: A Guide to Practical Management provides geriatricians and other medical specialists who provide care for older adults with the vital guidance and most current data and opinions regarding the treatment of elderly patients who sustain a variety of fractures. It also provides orthopedic surgeons with the necessary information and most current data and opinions regarding assessment and management of geriatric conditions that predispose the elderly to fracture, perioperative complications and subsequent functional decline. Each chapter is both readable and appealing not only to geriatricians and orthopedic surgeons but to all clinicians that have contact with elderly patients who have sustained or are at high risk of sustaining a fracture. Emphasis is placed on the fact that although in some cases pre- and post-operative care in elderly fracture patient may proceed as it does in younger individuals, often there are considerations owing to functional status, pre-existing conditions, and age-related physiological declines that require specialized knowledge and alternative approaches. Developed by a group of renowned experts, Fractures in the Elderly: A Guide to Practical Management is a major addition to the literature and provides a wealth of specialized knowledge and approaches to care. It is an essential reference for all clinicians who care for older adults as well as fellows and residents in training.

Fractures Around the Knee

Author : Filippo Castoldi
Publisher : Springer
ISBN 13 : 3319288067
Total Pages : 164 pages
Book Rating : 4.3/5 (192 download)

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Book Synopsis Fractures Around the Knee by : Filippo Castoldi

Download or read book Fractures Around the Knee written by Filippo Castoldi and published by Springer. This book was released on 2016-04-20 with total page 164 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This comprehensive book is more than a complete reference on knee fractures and associated injuries: it is also a decision-making and surgical guide that will assist trauma, knee, sports medicine, and total joint surgeons in planning and executing specific procedures for different traumatic conditions of the knee. Each chapter addresses a particular condition and its management, explaining the traumatic mechanism and preoperative workup and then describing in detail the surgical steps, from patient positioning to the postoperative regimen. Guidance is also provided on complications and their management, and to complete the coverage, results from the relevant literature are described. The authors are world-renowned experts keen to share their knowledge and expertise regarding specific traumatic conditions of the knee. Both experienced surgeons and orthopedic residents will find this book to be an invaluable tool that will improve their practice when dealing with knee fractures.

The Multiple Ligament Injured Knee

Author : Gregory C. Fanelli
Publisher : Springer Science & Business Media
ISBN 13 : 0387492895
Total Pages : 469 pages
Book Rating : 4.3/5 (874 download)

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Book Synopsis The Multiple Ligament Injured Knee by : Gregory C. Fanelli

Download or read book The Multiple Ligament Injured Knee written by Gregory C. Fanelli and published by Springer Science & Business Media. This book was released on 2012-08-16 with total page 469 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The Multiple Ligament Injured Knee: A Practical Guide to Management includes the most developed knowledge needed to successfully diagnose and treat knee ligament injuries. This thorough work presents anterior and posterior cruciate and collateral ligament anatomy and biomechanics along with non-invasive methods for diagnosing the extent of injury, such as radiographic and arthroscopic evaluation. Various injuries are discussed in addition to useful treatment techniques, including arthroscopic reconstruction, posterolateral and posteromedial corner injury and treatment, assessment and treatment of vascular injuries, assessment and treatment of nerve injuries, rehabilitation, and post-operative results. Each of these clearly written chapters is accompanied by a wealth of line drawings and photographs that demonstrate both the surgical and non-surgical approaches to examination and treatment.

Complex Cases in Total Knee Arthroplasty

Author : Alfred J. Tria
Publisher : Springer
ISBN 13 : 3319693808
Total Pages : 425 pages
Book Rating : 4.3/5 (196 download)

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Book Synopsis Complex Cases in Total Knee Arthroplasty by : Alfred J. Tria

Download or read book Complex Cases in Total Knee Arthroplasty written by Alfred J. Tria and published by Springer. This book was released on 2018-02-20 with total page 425 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Covering both primary and revision total knee arthroplasty (TKA), each technique-oriented chapter in this book opens with a clinical case and an overview of the challenges and multiple options for management, and each section within the chapter will describe the physical exam, surgical approach, clinical outcome and recent supporting literature. Chapters will utilize bullet points for quick reference and plentiful intra-operative photos to illustrate the various techniques described. Part one covers primary TKA, with cases demonstrating management strategies for the varus and valgus knee, flexion contracture, patellofemoral arthritis, and extra-articular deformity, among others, while part two covers revision TKA, with cases demonstrating acute infection, flexion and global instability, severe tibial and femoral bone loss, and periprosthetic fracture, among others. Written and edited by experts in the field, Complex Cases In Total Knee Arthroplasty: A Collection of Current Techniques will be a useful reference for orthopedic surgeons, residents and fellows as well as sports medicine specialists and anyone involved in surgical care of the knee.

Arthrogryposis

Author : Lynn T. Staheli
Publisher : Cambridge University Press
ISBN 13 : 9780521571067
Total Pages : 302 pages
Book Rating : 4.5/5 (71 download)

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Book Synopsis Arthrogryposis by : Lynn T. Staheli

Download or read book Arthrogryposis written by Lynn T. Staheli and published by Cambridge University Press. This book was released on 1998-04-28 with total page 302 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The term arthrogryposis describes a range of congenital contractures that lead to childhood deformities. It encompasses a number of syndromes and sporadic deformities that are rare individually but collectively are not uncommon. Yet, the existing medical literature on arthrogryposis is sparse and often confusing. The aim of this book is to provide individuals affected with arthrogryposis, their families, and health care professionals with a helpful guide to better understand the condition and its therapy. With this goal in mind, the editors have taken great care to ensure that the presentation of complex clinical information is at once scientifically accurate, patient oriented, and accessible to readers without a medical background. The book is authored primarily by members of the medical staff of the Arthrogryposis Clinic at Children's Hospital and Medical Center in Seattle, Washington, one of the leading teams in the management of the condition, and will be an invaluable resource for both health care professionals and families of affected individuals.

Knee Joint Arthroplasty

Author : Wooshin Cho
Publisher : Springer Science & Business Media
ISBN 13 : 3642393896
Total Pages : 328 pages
Book Rating : 4.6/5 (423 download)

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Book Synopsis Knee Joint Arthroplasty by : Wooshin Cho

Download or read book Knee Joint Arthroplasty written by Wooshin Cho and published by Springer Science & Business Media. This book was released on 2013-10-14 with total page 328 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This book presents up-to-date knowledge on all aspects of total knee joint arthroplasty (TKA). It opens by considering indications for TKA and implant selection, covering basic science, design, and prosthetic materials. The basic and advanced operative procedures, along with theoretical background, are then described in detail for both primary and revision surgery. The operative techniques for TKA in specific and complex conditions are included. Complications of TKA and their treatment are also discussed, and clear guidance is provided on postoperative management and patient education. The author introduces his personal surgical tips and opinions on controversial issues based on his experience of TKA in some 6,000 cases. Numerous helpful illustrations and radiographs from the author’s caseload are presented to assist readers in carrying out the described procedures.

Return to Sport after ACL Reconstruction and Other Knee Operations

Author : Frank R. Noyes
Publisher : Springer Nature
ISBN 13 : 3030223612
Total Pages : 709 pages
Book Rating : 4.0/5 (32 download)

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Book Synopsis Return to Sport after ACL Reconstruction and Other Knee Operations by : Frank R. Noyes

Download or read book Return to Sport after ACL Reconstruction and Other Knee Operations written by Frank R. Noyes and published by Springer Nature. This book was released on 2019-11-05 with total page 709 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The wealth of information provided in this unique text will enable orthopedic surgeons, medical practitioners, physical therapists, and trainers to ensure that athletes who suffer anterior cruciate ligament (ACL) injuries, or who require major knee operations for other reasons, have the best possible chance of safely resuming sporting activity at their desired level without subsequent problems. Divided into seven thematic sections, the coverage is wide-ranging and encompasses common barriers to return to sport, return to sport decision-based models, and the complete spectrum of optimal treatment for ACL injuries, including preoperative and postoperative rehabilitation. Advanced training concepts are explained in detail, with description of sports-specific programs for soccer, basketball, and tennis. Readers will find detailed guidance on objective testing for muscle strength, neuromuscular function, neurocognitive function, and cardiovascular fitness, as well as validated assessments to identify and manage psychological issues. In addition, return to sport considerations after meniscus surgery, patellofemoral realignment, articular cartilage procedures, and knee arthroplasty are discussed. Generously illustrated and heavily referenced, Return to Sport after ACL Reconstruction and Other Knee Operations is a comprehensive resource for all medical professionals and support staff working with athletes and active patients looking to get back in the game with confidence.

Handbook of Sports Medicine and Science

Author : Dennis J. Caine
Publisher : John Wiley & Sons
ISBN 13 : 1118357574
Total Pages : 418 pages
Book Rating : 4.1/5 (183 download)

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Book Synopsis Handbook of Sports Medicine and Science by : Dennis J. Caine

Download or read book Handbook of Sports Medicine and Science written by Dennis J. Caine and published by John Wiley & Sons. This book was released on 2013-07-18 with total page 418 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This new volume in the Handbook of Sports Medicine and Science series, published in conjunction with the Medical Commission of the International Olympic Committee, offers comprehensive and practical guidance on the training and medical care of competitive gymnasts. Written and edited by leading trainers, team doctors, coaches and other professionals with unparalleled experience in elite gymnastics, this book covers all the key aspects of caring for gymnasts, minimizing the unique risks these athletes face, and treating injuries when they happen. The book is organized into 4 sections covering: The evolution of gymnastics Growth and development Training and performance Sports medicine Individual chapters cover key topics such as energy needs and body weight management; biomechanics; psychology; the epidemiology of gymnastic injuries; treatment and rehabilitation of common injuries; injury prevention; and more. Endorsed by the International Gymnastics Federation (FIG), no other book offers such an in-depth look at the unique considerations and challenges that affect the growth, performance, training, and medical care of athletes in this demanding sport.

Personalized Hip and Knee Joint Replacement

Author : Charles Rivière
Publisher : Springer Nature
ISBN 13 : 3030242439
Total Pages : 346 pages
Book Rating : 4.0/5 (32 download)

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Book Synopsis Personalized Hip and Knee Joint Replacement by : Charles Rivière

Download or read book Personalized Hip and Knee Joint Replacement written by Charles Rivière and published by Springer Nature. This book was released on 2020-06-30 with total page 346 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This open access book describes and illustrates the surgical techniques, implants, and technologies used for the purpose of personalized implantation of hip and knee components. This new and flourishing treatment philosophy offers important benefits over conventional systematic techniques, including component positioning appropriate to individual anatomy, improved surgical reproducibility and prosthetic performance, and a reduction in complications. The techniques described in the book aim to reproduce patients’ native anatomy and physiological joint laxity, thereby improving the prosthetic hip/knee kinematics and functional outcomes in the quest of the forgotten joint. They include kinematically aligned total knee/total hip arthroplasty, partial knee replacement, and hip resurfacing. The relevance of available and emerging technological tools for these personalized approaches is also explained, with coverage of, for example, robotics, computer-assisted surgery, and augmented reality. Contributions from surgeons who are considered world leaders in diverse fields of this novel surgical philosophy make this open access book will invaluable to a wide readership, from trainees at all levels to consultants practicing lower limb surgery