Improving Decision Making During Wildland Fire Events

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Improving Decision Making During Wildland Fire Events

Author : Nicole Elizabeth Simon
Publisher :
ISBN 13 :
Total Pages : 135 pages
Book Rating : 4.:/5 (15 download)

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Book Synopsis Improving Decision Making During Wildland Fire Events by : Nicole Elizabeth Simon

Download or read book Improving Decision Making During Wildland Fire Events written by Nicole Elizabeth Simon and published by . This book was released on 2013 with total page 135 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Wildland fires continue to be a threat to persons and their property in many parts of the world, particularly in areas characterized as having Mediterranean climates, semi-arid climates, or boreal forests. Throughout the United States the policy on fires has been to extinguish all fires as soon as possible, especially those that are anthropogenically caused and/or threaten people and property. This has led to an accumulation of fuels in wildland areas and the alteration of natural fire regimes. The entities responsible for minimizing the impacts of these events are emergency management organizations (EMOs). In order to efficiently and effectively complete their responsibilities, all EMOs employ a variety of information processing technologies, including among others spatial decision support systems or geographic information systems, during the preparation, response, recovery, and mitigation phases of emergency management. However, EMOs continue to be plagued by issues that influence the effectiveness of their response during a fire event. This research explored the informational needs, data availability, communication flows, and decision making workflows informing fire decision support within current EMOs in order to develop tools that can improve decision making during a wildland fire event. By utilizing a combination of quantitative and qualitative techniques, this research identified one of the most prevalent needs among EMO personnel, the need to know what impacts a firebreak has upon an active fire front, explored the relationship between firebreaks and wildland fire behavior, and developed and statistically validated a firebreak probability tool that has been integrated as a part of a wildland fire behavior program. The results demonstrate that by taking into account the needs and limitations of decision makers during an event, valuable information can be obtained that in turn can be used to inform the creation of improved spatial decision support systems used to assist decision makers manage wildland fire events.

Improving Decision Making During Wildland Fire Events

Author :
Publisher :
ISBN 13 : 9781303540639
Total Pages : 148 pages
Book Rating : 4.5/5 (46 download)

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Book Synopsis Improving Decision Making During Wildland Fire Events by :

Download or read book Improving Decision Making During Wildland Fire Events written by and published by . This book was released on 2013 with total page 148 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Wildland fires continue to be a threat to persons and their property in many parts of the world, particularly in areas characterized as having Mediterranean climates, semi-arid climates, or boreal forests. Throughout the United States the policy on fires has been to extinguish all fires as soon as possible, especially those that are anthropogenically caused and/or threaten people and property. This has led to an accumulation of fuels in wildland areas and the alteration of natural fire regimes. The entities responsible for minimizing the impacts of these events are emergency management organizations (EMOs). In order to efficiently and effectively complete their responsibilities, all EMOs employ a variety of information processing technologies, including among others spatial decision support systems or geographic information systems, during the preparation, response, recovery, and mitigation phases of emergency management. However, EMOs continue to be plagued by issues that influence the effectiveness of their response during a fire event. This research explored the informational needs, data availability, communication flows, and decision making workflows informing fire decision support within current EMOs in order to develop tools that can improve decision making during a wildland fire event. By utilizing a combination of quantitative and qualitative techniques, this research identified one of the most prevalent needs among EMO personnel, the need to know what impacts a firebreak has upon an active fire front, explored the relationship between firebreaks and wildland fire behavior, and developed and statistically validated a firebreak probability tool that has been integrated as a part of a wildland fire behavior program. The results demonstrate that by taking into account the needs and limitations of decision makers during an event, valuable information can be obtained that in turn can be used to inform the creation of improved spatial decision support systems used to assist decision makers manage wildland fire events.

Integrated Research to Improve Fire Management Decisionmaking

Author : Donald Gordon MacGregor
Publisher :
ISBN 13 :
Total Pages : 36 pages
Book Rating : 4.:/5 (319 download)

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Book Synopsis Integrated Research to Improve Fire Management Decisionmaking by : Donald Gordon MacGregor

Download or read book Integrated Research to Improve Fire Management Decisionmaking written by Donald Gordon MacGregor and published by . This book was released on 2005 with total page 36 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The emergence of large fires of long duration (also known as siege fires) with their inherently high costs has raised numerous questions about the opportunities for cost containment. Cost reviews from the 2003 fire season have revealed how additional knowledge created through research can lead to better management and lower costs of fire incidents.

Findings from the Wildland Firefighters Human Factors Workshop

Author :
Publisher :
ISBN 13 :
Total Pages : 60 pages
Book Rating : 4.3/5 (117 download)

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Book Synopsis Findings from the Wildland Firefighters Human Factors Workshop by :

Download or read book Findings from the Wildland Firefighters Human Factors Workshop written by and published by . This book was released on 1995 with total page 60 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:

Using Social Science to Understand and Improve Wildland Fire Organizations

Author : Gregory Larson
Publisher :
ISBN 13 :
Total Pages : 92 pages
Book Rating : 4.:/5 (319 download)

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Book Synopsis Using Social Science to Understand and Improve Wildland Fire Organizations by : Gregory Larson

Download or read book Using Social Science to Understand and Improve Wildland Fire Organizations written by Gregory Larson and published by . This book was released on 2007 with total page 92 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The wildland fire community has spent the past decade trying to understand and account for the role of human factors in wildland fire organizations. Social research that is relevant to managing fire organizations can be found in disciplines such as social psychology, management, and communication. However, such research has been published primarily for scientific and business audiences, and much of the fire community has not been exposed to it. Here, we have compiled and organized knowledge from a variety of social science disciplines so that it can be used to improve organizational practices related to firefighter and public safety, to assess the effectiveness of safety campaigns, and to improve firefighter safety trainings. This annotated reading list summarizes approximately 270 books, articles, and online resources that address scientific and management concepts helpful for understanding the human side of fire management. The first section, Human Factors and Firefighting, introduces readers to key workshops and writings that led to the recognition that human factors are prime ingredients of firefighter safety. The second section, Foundations for Understanding Organizations, consists of social science research that provides a foundation for understanding organizational dynamics. This section includes readings on decision making and sensemaking, organizational culture, identification and identity, leadership and change, organizational learning, and teams and crews. The third section, Understanding Organizations in High Risk Contexts, explores organizations that deal regularly with risk, uncertainty and crisis. This section includes readings on risk and uncertainty, high reliability organizing, and crisis communication. The publication concludes with Internet resources available for those interested in the management of fire organizations.

Line Officer's Guide to Wildland Fire Decision Making

Author :
Publisher :
ISBN 13 :
Total Pages : 258 pages
Book Rating : 4.:/5 (319 download)

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Book Synopsis Line Officer's Guide to Wildland Fire Decision Making by :

Download or read book Line Officer's Guide to Wildland Fire Decision Making written by and published by . This book was released on 2001 with total page 258 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:

WILDFIRE AND COMMUNITY

Author : Douglas Paton
Publisher : Charles C Thomas Publisher
ISBN 13 : 0398088446
Total Pages : 367 pages
Book Rating : 4.3/5 (98 download)

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Book Synopsis WILDFIRE AND COMMUNITY by : Douglas Paton

Download or read book WILDFIRE AND COMMUNITY written by Douglas Paton and published by Charles C Thomas Publisher. This book was released on 2012 with total page 367 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Wildfires represent a growing threat to environments, to people, communities, and to societies worldwide, particularly in the United States, Southern Europe, and Australia. Recognition of this growing risk has highlighted a need to develop people's capacity to adapt to annually occurring events that could increase in frequency and severity over the coming years and decades. The goal of ensuring sustained levels of protective measures in communities susceptible to wildfire hazard consequences has proved to be elusive. This book examines why this is so and identifies ways in which sustained levels of preparedness can be facilitated. Major topics include: wildfire preparedness and resiliency in community contexts; socially disastrous landscape fires in southeastern Australia; landscape typology of residential wildfire risk; proactive human response to wildfires outbreak; forest fires in wildland-urban interface, wildfire risk management; “stay or go” policy in the line of fire; social dimensions of forest fire; the influence of community diversity; evaluating a community engagement initiative; response to fire threats; social media and resiliency; and building on lessons learned. Additional information includes the landscape fires in southeastern Australia, wildfire risk management in Portugal; fire preparedness in Greece, Cyprus, and the Pine Barrens in the northeastern United States. The findings of research programs being conducted in the United States, Australia, Europe, India and South America are presented. The book includes case studies on the analysis and proposed actions of the wildland-urban interface being faced by Central Chile and South America. This book will provide a comprehensive and systematic review of the wildfire preparedness research and its application to the development of risk communications and public education programs.

Exploring Information Needs for Wildland Fire and Fuels Management

Author : Carol Miller
Publisher :
ISBN 13 :
Total Pages : 44 pages
Book Rating : 4.:/5 (319 download)

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Book Synopsis Exploring Information Needs for Wildland Fire and Fuels Management by : Carol Miller

Download or read book Exploring Information Needs for Wildland Fire and Fuels Management written by Carol Miller and published by . This book was released on 2004 with total page 44 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: We report the results of a questionnaire and workshop that sought to gain a better and deeper understanding of the contemporary information needs of wildland fire and fuels managers. Results from the questionnaire indicated that the decision to suppress a wildland fire was most often influenced by factors related to safety and that the decision to allow a fire to burn was influenced by a variety of factors that varied according to land management objectives. We also found that managers anticipated an increase in the use of wildland fire, but that these increases will be moderate due to a variety of constraints that will continue to limit the use of wildland fire. From the workshop, we learned that managers will need to become increasingly strategic with their fire and fuels management planning, and that the information used to support tactical fire operations may prove to be insufficient. Furthermore, the managers participating in the workshop indicated the functional linkage between land management and fire management planning is lacking. We suggest that effective fire management planning requires information on the benefits and risks to a wide variety of values at landscape scales, integration with land management objectives, and a long-term perspective.

Wildfire Risk

Author : Wade E. Professor Martin
Publisher : Routledge
ISBN 13 : 113652388X
Total Pages : 326 pages
Book Rating : 4.1/5 (365 download)

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Book Synopsis Wildfire Risk by : Wade E. Professor Martin

Download or read book Wildfire Risk written by Wade E. Professor Martin and published by Routledge. This book was released on 2010-09-30 with total page 326 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The continuing encroachment of human settlements into fire-prone areas and extreme fire seasons in recent years make it urgent that we better understand both the physical and human dimensions of managing the risk from wildfire. Wildfire Risk follows from our awareness that increasing public knowledge about wildfire hazard does not necessarily lead to appropriate risk reduction behavior. Drawing heavily upon health and risk communication, and risk modeling, the authors advance our understanding of how individuals and communities respond to wildfire hazard. They present results of original research on the social, economic, and psychological factors in responses to risk, discuss how outreach and education can influence behavior, and consider differences among ethnic/racial groups and between genders with regard to values, views, and attitudes about wildfire risk. They explore the role of public participation in risk assessment and mitigation, as well as in planning for evacuation and recovery after fire. Wildfire Risk concludes with a dedicated section on risk-modeling, with perspectives from decision sciences, geography, operations research, psychology, experimental economics, and other social sciences.

Decision Making

Author : Edward R. Sherman
Publisher :
ISBN 13 :
Total Pages : 91 pages
Book Rating : 4.:/5 (15 download)

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Book Synopsis Decision Making by : Edward R. Sherman

Download or read book Decision Making written by Edward R. Sherman and published by . This book was released on 2017 with total page 91 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The purpose of this present study was to identify the perceptions, thoughts, and experiences of skilled and knowledgeable Fire Chiefs regarding 1) learning job-related decision making skills, 2) improving decision making practices, and 3) determining risk factors that influence decision making. The objective of collecting and analyzing this data was to gain insight into the association, if one existed, between fire service decision making processes, firefighting risk factors, and firefighter injuries and deaths. The findings did indicate an association between decision making, risk factors, and potential injuries and deaths. One of the most often mentioned and important findings of the present study, stated by participants, was that information needs to be gathered and risks need to be evaluated in order to make sound decisions und increase the safety of firefighters to minimize the chance of harm. The following 16 major themes were also identified 1) Training is a basic element of learning, 2) Information is needed lo increase knowledge and skills, 3) Learning takes place through experience, 4) Time is a key factor in decision processes, 5) Learning is enhanced through the Executive Fire Officer (EFO) program, 6) Formal education contributes to improved learning, 7) Experienced people offer learning through mentoring, 8) Networking provides a means to tap the knowledge of others, 9) Training provides readiness for actual situations, 10) Experience is essential for making decisions, 11) Communication improves task accomplishment, 12) Simulations provide preparation for real events, 13) Information is necessary to make sound decisions, 14) Prior success of methods increases acceptance, 15) The evaluation of risks is critically important, and 16) Information must be gathered to weigh risks.

Decision-Making in Crisis Situations

Author : Sophie Sauvagnargues
Publisher : John Wiley & Sons
ISBN 13 : 1786303434
Total Pages : 218 pages
Book Rating : 4.7/5 (863 download)

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Book Synopsis Decision-Making in Crisis Situations by : Sophie Sauvagnargues

Download or read book Decision-Making in Crisis Situations written by Sophie Sauvagnargues and published by John Wiley & Sons. This book was released on 2018-12-18 with total page 218 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This book presents concepts and methods for optimal training for decision making in crisis situations. After presenting some general concepts of decision-making during crisis situations, it presents various innovations for optimal training, such as serious games, scenario design, adapted animation of crisis exercises, observation and debriefing of exercises related to pedagogical objectives.

Making Fire and Fire Surrogate Science Available

Author :
Publisher :
ISBN 13 :
Total Pages : 68 pages
Book Rating : 4.3/5 (121 download)

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Book Synopsis Making Fire and Fire Surrogate Science Available by :

Download or read book Making Fire and Fire Surrogate Science Available written by and published by . This book was released on 2007 with total page 68 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Operational-scale experiments that evaluate the consequences of fire and mechanical S2surrogatesS3 for natural disturbance events are essential to better understand strategies for reducing the incidence and severity of wildfire. The national Fire and Fire Surrogate (FFS) study was initiated in 1999 to establish an integrated network of long-term studies designed to evaluate the consequences of using fire and fire surrogate treatments for fuel reduction and forest restoration. Beginning in September 2005, four regional workshops were conducted with selected clients to identify effective and efficient means of communicating FFS study findings to users. We used participatory evaluation to design the workshops, collect responses to focused questions and impressions, and summarize the results. We asked four overarching questions: (1) Who needs fuel reduction information? (2) What information do they need? (3) Why do they need it?(4) How can it best be delivered to them? Participants identified key users of FFS science and technology, specific pieces of information that users most desired, and how this information might be applied to resolve fuel reduction and restoration issues. They offered recommendations for improving overall science delivery and specific ideas for improving delivery of FFS study results and information. User groups identified by workshop participants and recommendations for science delivery are then combined in a matrix to form the foundation of a strategic plan for conducting science delivery of FFS study results and information. These potential users, their information needs, and preferred science delivery processes likely have wide applicability to other fire science research.

Federal Wildland Fire Management

Author : DIANE Publishing Company
Publisher : DIANE Publishing
ISBN 13 : 0788146793
Total Pages : 56 pages
Book Rating : 4.7/5 (881 download)

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Book Synopsis Federal Wildland Fire Management by : DIANE Publishing Company

Download or read book Federal Wildland Fire Management written by DIANE Publishing Company and published by DIANE Publishing. This book was released on 1997-08 with total page 56 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Managing wildland fire in the U.S. is a challenge increasing in complexity & magnitude. The goals & actions presented in this report encourage a proactive approach to wildland fire to reduce its threat. Five major topic areas on the subject are addressed: the role of wildland fire in resource management; the use of wildland fire; preparedness & suppression; wildland/urban interface protection; & coordinated program management. Also presented are the guiding principle that are fundamental to wildland fire management & recommendations for fire management policies. Photos, graphs, & references.

Economics of Wildfire Management

Author : Michael S. Hand
Publisher : Springer Science & Business Media
ISBN 13 : 1493905783
Total Pages : 77 pages
Book Rating : 4.4/5 (939 download)

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Book Synopsis Economics of Wildfire Management by : Michael S. Hand

Download or read book Economics of Wildfire Management written by Michael S. Hand and published by Springer Science & Business Media. This book was released on 2014-03-12 with total page 77 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: In this age of climatic and financial uncertainty, it becomes increasingly important to balance the cost, benefits and risk of wildfire management. In the United States, increased wildland fire activity over the last 15 years has resulted in drastic damage and loss of life. An associated rapid increase in fire management costs has consumed higher portions of budgets of public entities involved in wildfire management, challenging their ability to fulfill other responsibilities. Increased public scrutiny highlights the need to improve wildland fire management for cost effectiveness. This book closely examines the development of basic wildfire suppression cost models for the United States and their application to a wide range of settings from informing incident decision making to programmatic review. The book also explores emerging trends in suppression costs and introduces new spatially explicit cost models to account for characteristics of the burned landscape. Finally, it discusses how emerging risk assessment tools can be better informed by integrating management cost models with wildfire simulation models and values at risk. Economics of Wildfire Management is intended for practitioners as a reference guide. Advanced-level students and researchers will also find the book invaluable.

Citizen-agency Interactions in Planning and Decisionmaking After Large Fires

Author : Christine S. Olsen
Publisher :
ISBN 13 :
Total Pages : 44 pages
Book Rating : 4.:/5 (319 download)

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Book Synopsis Citizen-agency Interactions in Planning and Decisionmaking After Large Fires by : Christine S. Olsen

Download or read book Citizen-agency Interactions in Planning and Decisionmaking After Large Fires written by Christine S. Olsen and published by . This book was released on 2007 with total page 44 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This report reviews the growing literature on the concept of agency-citizen interactions after large wildfires. Because large wildfires have historically occurred at irregular intervals, research from related fields has been reviewed where appropriate. This issue is particularly salient in the West where excess fuel conditions indicate that the large wildfires occurring in many states are expected to continue to be a major problem for forest managers in the coming years. This review focuses on five major themes that emerge from prior research: contextual considerations, barriers and obstacles, uncertainty and perceptions of risk, communication and outreach, and bringing communities together. It offers ideas on how forest managers can interact with stakeholders for planning and restoration activities after a large wildfire. Management implications are included.

Bridging the Worlds of Fire Managers and Researchers

Author : Seth M. White
Publisher :
ISBN 13 :
Total Pages : 52 pages
Book Rating : 4.:/5 (319 download)

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Book Synopsis Bridging the Worlds of Fire Managers and Researchers by : Seth M. White

Download or read book Bridging the Worlds of Fire Managers and Researchers written by Seth M. White and published by . This book was released on 2004 with total page 52 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: In March and April of 2003, over 250 managers, researchers, and other participants gathered for a series of workshops at Oregon State University, the University of Arizona, and Colorado State University, near the largest wildfires of 2002. In response to the need for better understanding of large fires, the Wildland Fire Workshops were designed to create an atmosphere for quality interactions between managers and researchers and to accomplish the following objectives: (1) create a prioritized list of recommendations for future wildland fire research; (2) identify the characteristics of effective partnerships; (3) identify types of effective information, tools, and processes; and (4) evaluate the workshops as a potential blueprint for similar workshops in other regions. Through a series of professionally facilitated workshops, participants worked toward speaking with one voice about many key issues. Although differences emerged among individuals, disciplines, and geographic locations, many common themes emerged. Participants suggested that research should be framed in the larger picture of fire ecology and ecosystem restoration, be interdisciplinary, be attentive to the effects of fire at different scales over the landscape and through time, and be focused on social issues. Effective partnerships occur when direct interaction takes place between people at multiple stages, adequate time is allowed for partnership building, partners are rewarded and held accountable for their roles, and when dedicated individuals are identified and cultivated. Participants identified effective information, tools, and processes as those that are adequately and consistently funded, user-friendly, interactive between people at multiple levels, and often championed by key, dedicated individuals. A survey of participants at the final meeting in Colorado revealed that the workshops did in fact create an atmosphere for positive interactions between managers and researchers, and that with some refinements, similar workshops could be carried out in other regions with productive results.

Wildfire Policy

Author : Karen Bradshaw
Publisher : Routledge
ISBN 13 : 1933115955
Total Pages : 226 pages
Book Rating : 4.9/5 (331 download)

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Book Synopsis Wildfire Policy by : Karen Bradshaw

Download or read book Wildfire Policy written by Karen Bradshaw and published by Routledge. This book was released on 2012 with total page 226 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: During the five decades since its origin, law and economics has provided an influential framework for addressing a wide array of areas of law ranging from judicial behaviour to contracts. This book will reflects the first-ever forum for law and economics scholars to apply the analysis and methodologies of their field to the subject of wildfire. The only modern legal work on wildfire, the book brings together leading scholars to consider questions such as: How can public policy address the effects of climate change on wildfire, and wildfire on climate change? Are the environmental and fiscal costs of ex ante prevention measures justified? What are the appropriate levels of prevention and suppression responsibility borne by private, state, and federal actors? Can tort liability provide a solution for realigning the grossly distorted incentives that currently exist for private landowners and government firefighters? Do the existing incentives in wildfire institutions provide incentives for efficient private and collective action and how might they be improved?