Improved Global High Resolution Precipitation Estimation Using Multi Satellite Multi Spectral Information

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Improved Global High Resolution Precipitation Estimation Using Multi-satellite Multi-spectral Information

Author : Ali Behrangi
Publisher :
ISBN 13 : 9781109513943
Total Pages : 204 pages
Book Rating : 4.5/5 (139 download)

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Book Synopsis Improved Global High Resolution Precipitation Estimation Using Multi-satellite Multi-spectral Information by : Ali Behrangi

Download or read book Improved Global High Resolution Precipitation Estimation Using Multi-satellite Multi-spectral Information written by Ali Behrangi and published by . This book was released on 2009 with total page 204 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: In respond to the community demands, combining microwave (MW) and infrared (IR) estimates of precipitation has been an active area of research since past two decades. The anticipated launching of NASA's Global Precipitation Measurement (GPM) mission and the increasing number of spectral bands in recently launched geostationary platforms will provide greater opportunities for investigating new approaches to combine multi-source information towards improved global high resolution precipitation retrievals. After years of the communities' efforts the limitations of the existing techniques are: (1) Drawbacks of IR-only techniques to capture warm rainfall and screen out no-rain thin cirrus clouds; (2) Grid-box- only dependency of many algorithms with not much effort to capture the cloud textures whether in local or cloud patch scale; (3) Assumption of indirect relationship between rain rate and cloud-top temperature that force high intensity precipitation to any cold cloud; (4) Neglecting the dynamics and evolution of cloud in time; (5) Inconsistent combination of MW and IR-based precipitation estimations due to the combination strategies and as a result of above described shortcomings. This PhD dissertation attempts to improve the combination of data from Geostationary Earth Orbit (GEO) and Low-Earth Orbit (LEO) satellites in manners that will allow consistent high resolution integration of the more accurate precipitation estimates, xxii directly observed through LEO's PMW sensors, into the short-term cloud evolution process, which can be inferred from GEO images. A set of novel approaches are introduced to cope with the listed limitations and is consist of the following four consecutive components: (1) starting with the GEO part and by using an artificial-neural network based method it is demonstrated that inclusion of multi-spectral data can ameliorate existing problems associated with IR-only precipitating retrievals; (2) through development of Precipitation Estimation from Remotely Sensed Information using Artificial Neural Network - Multi-Spectral Analysis (PERSIANN-MSA) the effectiveness of using multi-spectral data for precipitation estimation are examined. In comparison to the use of a single thermal infrared channel, using multi-spectral data has a potential to significantly improve rain detection and estimation skills; (3) a method proposed to integrate the previously developed cloud classification system (PERSIANN CCS) with PERSIANN-MSA. Through the integration, PERSIANN-MSA benefits from both cloud-patch classification capability as well as multi-spectral information to culminate the GEO-based precipitation estimation techniques; (4) finally, a new combination technique that incorporates multi-sensor information is developed. The technique is called REFAME, short for Rain Estimation using Forward Adjusted advection of Microwave Estimates. REFAME allows more consistent integration of MW VIS/IR information through hybrid advection and adjustment of MW precipitation rate along cloud motion streamlines obtained from a 2D cloud tracking algorithm using successive GEO/IR images. Evaluated over a range of spatial and temporal scales it is demonstrated that REFAME is a robust technique for real-time high resolution precipitation estimation using multi-satellite information.

Improving Infrared-Based Precipitation Retrieval Algorithms Using Multi-Spectral Satellite Imagery

Author : Nasrin Nasrollahi
Publisher : Springer
ISBN 13 : 3319120816
Total Pages : 83 pages
Book Rating : 4.3/5 (191 download)

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Book Synopsis Improving Infrared-Based Precipitation Retrieval Algorithms Using Multi-Spectral Satellite Imagery by : Nasrin Nasrollahi

Download or read book Improving Infrared-Based Precipitation Retrieval Algorithms Using Multi-Spectral Satellite Imagery written by Nasrin Nasrollahi and published by Springer. This book was released on 2014-11-07 with total page 83 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This thesis transforms satellite precipitation estimation through the integration of a multi-sensor, multi-channel approach to current precipitation estimation algorithms, and provides more accurate readings of precipitation data from space. Using satellite data to estimate precipitation from space overcomes the limitation of ground-based observations in terms of availability over remote areas and oceans as well as spatial coverage. However, the accuracy of satellite-based estimates still need to be improved. The approach introduced in this thesis takes advantage of the recent NASA satellites in observing clouds and precipitation. In addition, machine-learning techniques are also employed to make the best use of remotely-sensed "big data." The results provide a significant improvement in detecting non-precipitating areas and reducing false identification of precipitation.

Satellite Rainfall Applications for Surface Hydrology

Author : Mekonnen Gebremichael
Publisher : Springer Science & Business Media
ISBN 13 : 904812915X
Total Pages : 327 pages
Book Rating : 4.0/5 (481 download)

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Book Synopsis Satellite Rainfall Applications for Surface Hydrology by : Mekonnen Gebremichael

Download or read book Satellite Rainfall Applications for Surface Hydrology written by Mekonnen Gebremichael and published by Springer Science & Business Media. This book was released on 2009-12-02 with total page 327 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: With contributions from a panel of researchers from a wide range of fields, the chapters of this book focus on evaluating the potential, utility and application of high resolution satellite precipitation products in relation to surface hydrology.

Data Assimilation for the Earth System

Author : Richard Swinbank
Publisher : Springer Science & Business Media
ISBN 13 : 9781402015939
Total Pages : 394 pages
Book Rating : 4.0/5 (159 download)

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Book Synopsis Data Assimilation for the Earth System by : Richard Swinbank

Download or read book Data Assimilation for the Earth System written by Richard Swinbank and published by Springer Science & Business Media. This book was released on 2003-10-31 with total page 394 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Proceedings of the NATO Advanced Study Institute, Acquafredda, Maratea, Italy from 19 May to 1 June 2002

Toward Improved Understanding of Global Precipitation Variations Using Satellite-based Observations

Author : Hamed Ashouri Talouki
Publisher :
ISBN 13 : 9781321448191
Total Pages : 154 pages
Book Rating : 4.4/5 (481 download)

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Book Synopsis Toward Improved Understanding of Global Precipitation Variations Using Satellite-based Observations by : Hamed Ashouri Talouki

Download or read book Toward Improved Understanding of Global Precipitation Variations Using Satellite-based Observations written by Hamed Ashouri Talouki and published by . This book was released on 2014 with total page 154 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Precipitation is one of the key elements of the Earth's water cycle. Long-term precipitation observations in global scale and at high spatial and temporal resolutions are imperative for understanding how global warming has affected our climate system, particularly in terms of changes in the characteristics of precipitation. This dissertation contributes to the advancement of our understanding of the water cycle by 1) development of a new long-term high-resolution satellite-based precipitation product to be used for different hydrological and climate studies at a higher spatial and temporal resolution than previously possible, and 2) presenting a probabilistic framework to study the observed variations, trends and changes in global precipitation, particularly extreme precipitation events, in the course of time. In the first part of the dissertation, using the Geostationary Earth Orbit (GEO) satellites Infrared (IR) channel observations of the brightness temperature of the cloud, and the Global Precipitation Climatology Project (GPCP) monthly product, a retrospective high-resolution (daily, 25km) satellite-based precipitation climate data record is developed and introduced. The product, namely Precipitation Estimation from Remotely Sensed Information using Artificial Neural Networks - Climate Data Record (PERSIANN-CDR), provides more than 30 years of global rainfall estimates from 01/01/1983 to delayed present covering the latitude band 60℗ʻS-60℗ʻN and longitude band 0℗ʻ-360℗ʻ. The results from a number of different verification studies (Hurricane Katrina, 1986 Sydney flood, precipitation probability density function, extreme precipitation indices, rainfall-runoff modeling) over different regions (U.S., Australia, China) are presented and are encouraging. In the second part, a non-stationary probabilistic framework based on Extreme Value Theory (EVT) is developed to assess potential footprints of climate change on characteristics (intensity and frequency) of extreme precipitation events. The main goal was to investigate if there have been statistically significant changes and trends in the Probability Distribution Function (PDF) of precipitation extremes over time. The proposed probabilistic scheme which is based on Generalized Extreme Value (GEV) and Generalized Pareto (GP) distributions proved to be effective in stochastically modeling the behavior of precipitation extremes over the past three decades. The statistically significant trends in the time-variant GEV distribution are tested over the U.S. The results show that Eastern and particularly the Northeastern parts of the U.S. are experiencing positive trends in the intensity and frequency of extreme precipitation events.

Measuring Precipitation from Space

Author : V. Levizzani
Publisher : Springer Science & Business Media
ISBN 13 : 1402058357
Total Pages : 738 pages
Book Rating : 4.4/5 (2 download)

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Book Synopsis Measuring Precipitation from Space by : V. Levizzani

Download or read book Measuring Precipitation from Space written by V. Levizzani and published by Springer Science & Business Media. This book was released on 2007-05-11 with total page 738 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: No other book can offer such a powerful tool to understand the basics of remote sensing for precipitation, to make use of existing products and to have a glimpse of the near future missions and instruments. This book features state-of-the-art rainfall estimation algorithms, validation strategies, and precipitation modeling. More than 20 years after the last book on the subject the worldwide precipitation community has produced a comprehensive overview of its activities, achievements, ongoing research and future plans.

Remote Sensing of Aerosols, Clouds, and Precipitation

Author : Tanvir Islam
Publisher : Elsevier
ISBN 13 : 0128104384
Total Pages : 366 pages
Book Rating : 4.1/5 (281 download)

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Book Synopsis Remote Sensing of Aerosols, Clouds, and Precipitation by : Tanvir Islam

Download or read book Remote Sensing of Aerosols, Clouds, and Precipitation written by Tanvir Islam and published by Elsevier. This book was released on 2017-10-18 with total page 366 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Remote Sensing of Aerosols, Clouds, and Precipitation compiles recent advances in aerosol, cloud, and precipitation remote sensing from new satellite observations. The book examines a wide range of measurements from microwave (both active and passive), visible, and infrared portions of the spectrum. Contributors are experts conducting state-of-the-art research in atmospheric remote sensing using space, airborne, and ground-based datasets, focusing on supporting earth observation satellite missions for aerosol, cloud, and precipitation studies. A handy reference for scientists working in remote sensing, earth science, electromagnetics, climate physics, and space engineering. Valuable for operational forecasters, meteorologists, geospatial experts, modelers, and policymakers alike. Presents new approaches in the field, along with further research opportunities, based on the latest satellite data Focuses on how remote sensing systems can be designed/developed to solve outstanding problems in earth and atmospheric sciences Edited by a dynamic team of editors with a mixture of highly skilled and qualified authors offering world-leading expertise in the field

Remote Sensing of Drought

Author : Brian D. Wardlow
Publisher : CRC Press
ISBN 13 : 1439835578
Total Pages : 487 pages
Book Rating : 4.4/5 (398 download)

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Book Synopsis Remote Sensing of Drought by : Brian D. Wardlow

Download or read book Remote Sensing of Drought written by Brian D. Wardlow and published by CRC Press. This book was released on 2012-04-24 with total page 487 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Remote Sensing of Drought: Innovative Monitoring Approaches presents emerging remote sensing-based tools and techniques that can be applied to operational drought monitoring and early warning around the world. The first book to focus on remote sensing and drought monitoring, it brings together a wealth of information that has been scattered throughout the literature and across many disciplines. Featuring contributions by leading scientists, it assembles a cross-section of globally applicable techniques that are currently operational or have potential to be operational in the near future. The book explores a range of applications for monitoring four critical components of the hydrological cycle related to drought: vegetation health, evapotranspiration, soil moisture and groundwater, and precipitation. These applications use remotely sensed optical, thermal, microwave, radar, and gravity data from instruments such as AMSR-E, GOES, GRACE, MERIS, MODIS, and Landsat and implement several advanced modeling and data assimilation techniques. Examples show how to integrate this information into routine drought products. The book also examines the role of satellite remote sensing within traditional drought monitoring, as well as current challenges and future prospects. Improving drought monitoring is becoming increasingly important in addressing a wide range of societal issues, from food security and water scarcity to human health, ecosystem services, and energy production. This unique book surveys innovative remote sensing approaches to provide you with new perspectives on large-area drought monitoring and early warning.

Improving Warm Rainfall Detection and Rainfall Estimation of a Multiple Satellite-based Rainfall Retrieval Algorithm

Author : Negar Karbalaee
Publisher :
ISBN 13 : 9780355260717
Total Pages : 114 pages
Book Rating : 4.2/5 (67 download)

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Book Synopsis Improving Warm Rainfall Detection and Rainfall Estimation of a Multiple Satellite-based Rainfall Retrieval Algorithm by : Negar Karbalaee

Download or read book Improving Warm Rainfall Detection and Rainfall Estimation of a Multiple Satellite-based Rainfall Retrieval Algorithm written by Negar Karbalaee and published by . This book was released on 2017 with total page 114 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Precipitation as an essential component of the hydrologic cycle has a great importance to be measured accurately due to various applications such as hydrologic modeling, extreme weather analysis, and water resources management. Among different methods, meteorological satellites are one of the instruments that are widely used for precipitation estimation in fine spatial and temporal resolution. Precipitation Estimation from Remotely Sensed Imagery using Artificial Neural Network Cloud Classification System (PERSIANN-CCS) uses infrared (IR) data from Geostationary Earth Orbit (GEO) satellites to retrieve precipitation based on relationship between clout top temperature (Tb) and rainfall rate (RR) using a neural network technique. The complexity of Tb-RR relationship for estimating precipitation causes uncertainty in PERSIANN-CCS rainfall product. This research is focused on improving PERSIANN-CCS rainfall retrieval using several approaches:1) Bias adjustment of PERSIANN-CCS rainfall estimates using PMW satellite rainfall data: Using multi satellite data can enhance the quality of rainfall estimation considerably; in this research we have combined the rainfall data from PERSIANN-CCS and PMW rainfall to enhance the bias of PERSIANN-CCS precipitation estimates. The results showed improvement of rainfall estimation during summer and winter time.2) Increasing the rainfall detection by including warm clouds rainfall: PERSIANN-CCS currently cannot detect rainfall from clouds with temperature warmer than 253 K. This study explores the impacts of increasing the temperature threshold on precipitation estimation. The results show that increasing the threshold level can improve the PERSIANN-CCS rainfall detection.3) Generating a probabilistic framework for precipitation retrieval: The current version of PERSIANN-CCS retrieves precipitation based on the exponential function fitted to Tb-RR. The major assumption behind this relationship is that the heavier rainfalls are associated with colder clouds which cause underestimation of warmer clouds and overestimation of colder clouds rainfall. The probabilistic approach uses the corresponding sample relationship between cloud temperature and rainfall rate. The model is evaluated during a full summer season which showed improvement in both detection and estimation of rainfall in compare with the current PERSIANN-CCS algorithm.

Remote Sensing of the Terrestrial Water Cycle

Author : Venkataraman Lakshmi
Publisher : John Wiley & Sons
ISBN 13 : 1118872266
Total Pages : 572 pages
Book Rating : 4.1/5 (188 download)

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Book Synopsis Remote Sensing of the Terrestrial Water Cycle by : Venkataraman Lakshmi

Download or read book Remote Sensing of the Terrestrial Water Cycle written by Venkataraman Lakshmi and published by John Wiley & Sons. This book was released on 2014-10-31 with total page 572 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Remote Sensing of the Terrestrial Water Cycle is an outcome of the AGU Chapman Conference held in February 2012. This is a comprehensive volume that examines the use of available remote sensing satellite data as well as data from future missions that can be used to expand our knowledge in quantifying the spatial and temporal variations in the terrestrial water cycle. Volume highlights include: An in-depth discussion of the global water cycle Approaches to various problems in climate, weather, hydrology, and agriculture Applications of satellite remote sensing in measuring precipitation, surface water, snow, soil moisture, groundwater, modeling, and data assimilation A description of the use of satellite data for accurately estimating and monitoring the components of the hydrological cycle Discussion of the measurement of multiple geophysical variables and properties over different landscapes on a temporal and a regional scale

Application of Pattern Recognition and Adaptive DSP Methods for Spatio-temporal Analysis of Satellite Based Hydrological Datasets

Download Application of Pattern Recognition and Adaptive DSP Methods for Spatio-temporal Analysis of Satellite Based Hydrological Datasets PDF Online Free

Author : Anish Chand Turlapaty
Publisher : Universal-Publishers
ISBN 13 : 1599423367
Total Pages : 146 pages
Book Rating : 4.5/5 (994 download)

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Book Synopsis Application of Pattern Recognition and Adaptive DSP Methods for Spatio-temporal Analysis of Satellite Based Hydrological Datasets by : Anish Chand Turlapaty

Download or read book Application of Pattern Recognition and Adaptive DSP Methods for Spatio-temporal Analysis of Satellite Based Hydrological Datasets written by Anish Chand Turlapaty and published by Universal-Publishers. This book was released on 2010-06-17 with total page 146 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Data assimilation of satellite-based observations of hydrological variables with full numerical physics models can be used to downscale these observations from coarse to high resolution to improve microwave sensor-based soil moisture observations. Moreover, assimilation can also be used to predict related hydrological variables, e.g., precipitation products can be assimilated in a land information system to estimate soil moisture. High quality spatio-temporal observations of these processes are vital for a successful assimilation which in turn needs a detailed analysis and improvement. In this research, pattern recognition and adaptive signal processing methods are developed for the spatio-temporal analysis and enhancement of soil moisture and precipitation datasets. These methods are applied to accomplish the following tasks: (i) a consistency analysis of level-3 soil moisture data from the Advanced Microwave Scanning Radiometer - EOS (AMSR-E) against in-situ soil moisture measurements from the USDA Soil Climate Analysis Network (SCAN). This method performs a consistency assessment of the entire time series in relation to others and provides a spatial distribution of consistency levels. The methodology is based on a combination of wavelet-based feature extraction and oneclass support vector machines (SVM) classifier. Spatial distribution of consistency levels are presented as consistency maps for a region, including the states of Mississippi, Arkansas, and Louisiana. These results are well correlated with the spatial distributions of average soil moisture, and the cumulative counts of dense vegetation; (ii) a modified singular spectral analysis based interpolation scheme is developed and validated on a few geophysical data products including GODAE's high resolution sea surface temperature (GHRSST). This method is later employed to fill the systematic gaps in level-3 AMSR-E soil moisture dataset; (iii) a combination of artificial neural networks and vector space transformation function is used to fuse several high resolution precipitation products (HRPP). The final merged product is statistically superior to any of the individual datasets over a seasonal period. The results have been tested against ground based measurements of rainfall over our study area and average accuracies obtained are 85% in the summer and 55% in the winter 2007.

Precipitation: Advances in Measurement, Estimation and Prediction

Author : Silas C. Michaelides
Publisher : Springer Science & Business Media
ISBN 13 : 3540776559
Total Pages : 552 pages
Book Rating : 4.5/5 (47 download)

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Book Synopsis Precipitation: Advances in Measurement, Estimation and Prediction by : Silas C. Michaelides

Download or read book Precipitation: Advances in Measurement, Estimation and Prediction written by Silas C. Michaelides and published by Springer Science & Business Media. This book was released on 2008-02-27 with total page 552 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This volume is the outcome of contributions from 51 scientists who were invited to expose their latest findings on precipitation research and in particular, on the measurement, estimation and prediction of precipitation. The reader is presented with a blend of theoretical, mathematical and technical treatise of precipitation science but also with authentic applications, ranging from local field experiments and country-scale campaigns to multinational space endeavors.

Satellite Precipitation Measurement

Author : Vincenzo Levizzani
Publisher : Springer Nature
ISBN 13 : 3030245683
Total Pages : 502 pages
Book Rating : 4.0/5 (32 download)

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Book Synopsis Satellite Precipitation Measurement by : Vincenzo Levizzani

Download or read book Satellite Precipitation Measurement written by Vincenzo Levizzani and published by Springer Nature. This book was released on 2020-04-10 with total page 502 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This book offers a complete overview of the measurement of precipitation from space, which has made considerable advancements during the last two decades. This is mainly due to the Tropical Rainfall Measuring Mission (TRMM), the Global Precipitation Measurement (GPM) mission, CloudSat and a carefully maintained constellation of satellites hosting passive microwave sensors. The book revisits a previous book, Measuring Precipitation from Space, edited by V. Levizzani, P. Bauer and F. J. Turk, published with Springer in 2007. The current content has been completely renewed to incorporate the advancements of science and technology in the field since then. This book provides unique contributions from field experts and from the International Precipitation Working Group (IPWG). The book will be of interest to meteorologists, hydrologists, climatologists, water management authorities, students at various levels and many other parties interested in making use of satellite precipitation data sets. Chapter “TAMSAT” is available open access under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License via link.springer.com.

Satellite Precipitation Measurement

Author : Vincenzo Levizzani
Publisher : Springer Nature
ISBN 13 : 3030357988
Total Pages : 797 pages
Book Rating : 4.0/5 (33 download)

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Book Synopsis Satellite Precipitation Measurement by : Vincenzo Levizzani

Download or read book Satellite Precipitation Measurement written by Vincenzo Levizzani and published by Springer Nature. This book was released on 2020-04-14 with total page 797 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This book offers a complete overview of the measurement of precipitation from space, which has made considerable advancements during the last two decades. This is mainly due to the Tropical Rainfall Measuring Mission (TRMM), the Global Precipitation Measurement (GPM) mission, CloudSat and a carefully maintained constellation of satellites hosting passive microwave sensors. The book revisits a previous book, Measuring Precipitation from Space, edited by V. Levizzani, P. Bauer and F. J. Turk, published with Springer in 2007. The current content has been completely renewed to incorporate the advancements of science and technology in the field since then. This book provides unique contributions from field experts and from the International Precipitation Working Group (IPWG). The book will be of interest to meteorologists, hydrologists, climatologists, water management authorities, students at various levels and many other parties interested in making use of satellite precipitation data sets.

Uncertainty of Global Precipitation Datasets and Its Propagation in Hydrological Simulations

Author : Md Abul Ehsan Bhuiyan
Publisher :
ISBN 13 :
Total Pages : 136 pages
Book Rating : 4.:/5 (119 download)

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Book Synopsis Uncertainty of Global Precipitation Datasets and Its Propagation in Hydrological Simulations by : Md Abul Ehsan Bhuiyan

Download or read book Uncertainty of Global Precipitation Datasets and Its Propagation in Hydrological Simulations written by Md Abul Ehsan Bhuiyan and published by . This book was released on 2018 with total page 136 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Accurate estimates of precipitation at the global scale are vital for a variety of hydrometeorological applications. Quantification of the error sources along with characterization of the error propagation in hydrological simulations are required for promoting use of satellite and reanalysis precipitation estimates in hydrological applications.In this study we address the remotely-sensed precipitation products uncertainty characterization based ona machine learning tree-based model, Quantile Regression Forests (QRF). We first apply the model to satellitepassive microwave estimates from the TRMM satellite. Reference precipitation was based on high-resolution (5 min/1 km) rainfall fields derived from the NOAA/National Severe Storms Laboratory multi-radar multi-sensor system. The model was evaluated using a K-fold validation experiment using systematic and random error statistics of the model-adjusted TRMM passive microwave rainfall point estimates, and ensemble verification statistics of the corresponding prediction intervals. Then, this framework was utilized to combine dynamic and static land surface variables together with multiple global precipitation sources to stochastically generate improved precipitation ensembles (combined product) over complex terrain. Input to the model included multiple global satellite precipitation products; an atmospheric reanalysis precipitation product; and other auxiliary variables including a daily soil moisture dataset, specific humidity and a terrain elevation dataset. The model performance was demonstrated over three mountainous study areas (Peruvian and Colombian Andes and the Blue Nile in East Africa) based on 13 years (2000-2012) ofreference rainfall data derived from in situ rain gauge networks. Results showed that the proposed blending framework could significantly reduce the error andadequately characterize the uncertainty of the combined product. In the last section of this study we investigate the impact of the combined product in hydrological simulations. The Iberian Peninsula was chosen as the study area, which has precipitation and climate variability due to complex orography influenced by both Atlantic and Mediterranean climates.Comparisons of the precipitation product-driven hydrological simulations by a distributed hydrological model against reference-driven streamflow simulations by the same model showed that the magnitude of systematic and random errors for the combined product was significantly lower than those for the individual precipitation products. Moreover, this blending framework rendered a detailed investigation of the precipitation error propagation into multi-hydrologic model simulations, which was accomplished using four global-scale land surface models (JULES, ORCHIDEE, HTESSEL and SURFEX) and one global hydrologic model (WaterGAP3). Through this analysis we investigated the error characteristics of different precipitation forcing datasets (satellite, reanalysis, and combined product) and their error propagation in different hydrologic variables (surface/subsurface runoff, evapotranspiration).

Thermal Microwave Radiation

Author : Institution of Engineering and Technology
Publisher : IET
ISBN 13 : 0863415733
Total Pages : 583 pages
Book Rating : 4.8/5 (634 download)

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Book Synopsis Thermal Microwave Radiation by : Institution of Engineering and Technology

Download or read book Thermal Microwave Radiation written by Institution of Engineering and Technology and published by IET. This book was released on 2006-05-19 with total page 583 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Combines theoretical concepts with experimental results on thermal microwave radiation to increase the understanding of the complex nature of terrestrial media. Emphasising on radiative transfer models, this book covers the terrestrial aspects, from clear to cloudy atmosphere, precipitation, ocean and land surfaces, vegetation, snow and ice.

Climate Vulnerability

Author :
Publisher : Elsevier
ISBN 13 : 0123847044
Total Pages : 1086 pages
Book Rating : 4.1/5 (238 download)

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Book Synopsis Climate Vulnerability by :

Download or read book Climate Vulnerability written by and published by Elsevier. This book was released on 2013-03-15 with total page 1086 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Climate change has been the subject of thousands of books and magazines, scientific journals, and newspaper articles daily. It’s a subject that can be very political and emotional, often blurring the lines between fact and fiction. The vast majority of research, studies, projections and recommendations tend to focus on the human influence on climate change and global warming as the result of CO2 emissions, often to the exclusion of other threats that include population growth and the stress placed on energy sources due to emerging global affluence. Climate Vulnerability, Five Volume Set seeks to strip away the politics and emotion that surround climate change and will assess the broad range of threats using the bottom up approach—including CO2 emissions, population growth, emerging affluence, and many others—to our five most critical resources: water, food, ecosystems, energy, and human health. Inclusively determining what these threats are while seeking preventive measures and adaptations is at the heart of this unique reference work. Takes a Bottom-Up approach, addressing climate change and the threat to our key resources at the local level first and globally second, providing a more accurate and inclusive approach. Includes extensive cross-referencing, which is key to readers as new connections between factors can be discovered. Cuts across a number of disciplines and will appeal to Biological Science, Earth & Environmental Science, Ecology, and Social Science, comprehensively addressing climate change and other threats to our key resources from multiple perspectives