Improved Exposure Measurements

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Principles of Exposure Measurement in Epidemiology

Author : Emily White
Publisher : OUP Oxford
ISBN 13 : 0191004928
Total Pages : 409 pages
Book Rating : 4.1/5 (91 download)

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Book Synopsis Principles of Exposure Measurement in Epidemiology by : Emily White

Download or read book Principles of Exposure Measurement in Epidemiology written by Emily White and published by OUP Oxford. This book was released on 2008-02-28 with total page 409 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The second edition of this internationally acclaimed title is the ideal handbook for those involved in conducting epidemiological research. The objective of most epidemiological studies is to relate exposure to putative causal agents to the occurrence of a particular disease. The achievement of this objective depends critically on accurate measurement of exposure. This book reviews principles and techniques that can be applied to measuring a wide range of exposures, including demographic, behavioral, medical, genetic, and environmental factors. The book covers questionnaire design, conducting personal interviews, abstracting information from medical records, use of proxy respondents, and measurements from human specimens and in the environment. It gives a comprehensive account of measurement error and the estimation of its effects, and the design, analysis, and interpretation of validity and reliability studies. Emphasis is given to the ways in which the validity of measurements can be increased. Techniques to maximize participation of subjects in epidemiological studies are discussed, and ethical issues relevant to exposure measurement are outlined.

Developing a Protocol for Observational Comparative Effectiveness Research: A User's Guide

Author : Agency for Health Care Research and Quality (U.S.)
Publisher : Government Printing Office
ISBN 13 : 1587634236
Total Pages : 236 pages
Book Rating : 4.5/5 (876 download)

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Book Synopsis Developing a Protocol for Observational Comparative Effectiveness Research: A User's Guide by : Agency for Health Care Research and Quality (U.S.)

Download or read book Developing a Protocol for Observational Comparative Effectiveness Research: A User's Guide written by Agency for Health Care Research and Quality (U.S.) and published by Government Printing Office. This book was released on 2013-02-21 with total page 236 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This User’s Guide is a resource for investigators and stakeholders who develop and review observational comparative effectiveness research protocols. It explains how to (1) identify key considerations and best practices for research design; (2) build a protocol based on these standards and best practices; and (3) judge the adequacy and completeness of a protocol. Eleven chapters cover all aspects of research design, including: developing study objectives, defining and refining study questions, addressing the heterogeneity of treatment effect, characterizing exposure, selecting a comparator, defining and measuring outcomes, and identifying optimal data sources. Checklists of guidance and key considerations for protocols are provided at the end of each chapter. The User’s Guide was created by researchers affiliated with AHRQ’s Effective Health Care Program, particularly those who participated in AHRQ’s DEcIDE (Developing Evidence to Inform Decisions About Effectiveness) program. Chapters were subject to multiple internal and external independent reviews. More more information, please consult the Agency website: www.effectivehealthcare.ahrq.gov)

Improved Exposure Measurements. Phase I Report

Author :
Publisher :
ISBN 13 :
Total Pages : 94 pages
Book Rating : 4.:/5 (173 download)

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Book Synopsis Improved Exposure Measurements. Phase I Report by :

Download or read book Improved Exposure Measurements. Phase I Report written by and published by . This book was released on 1973 with total page 94 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:

Improved exposure measurements

Author :
Publisher :
ISBN 13 :
Total Pages : 77 pages
Book Rating : 4.:/5 (36 download)

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Book Synopsis Improved exposure measurements by :

Download or read book Improved exposure measurements written by and published by . This book was released on 1976 with total page 77 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:

Improved Exposure Measurements. Final Report

Author : J. R. Stewart
Publisher :
ISBN 13 :
Total Pages : 128 pages
Book Rating : 4.3/5 (91 download)

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Book Synopsis Improved Exposure Measurements. Final Report by : J. R. Stewart

Download or read book Improved Exposure Measurements. Final Report written by J. R. Stewart and published by . This book was released on 1976 with total page 128 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:

Exposure Assessment in Environmental Epidemiology

Author : Mark J. Nieuwenhuijsen
Publisher : Oxford University Press, USA
ISBN 13 : 0199378789
Total Pages : 417 pages
Book Rating : 4.1/5 (993 download)

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Book Synopsis Exposure Assessment in Environmental Epidemiology by : Mark J. Nieuwenhuijsen

Download or read book Exposure Assessment in Environmental Epidemiology written by Mark J. Nieuwenhuijsen and published by Oxford University Press, USA. This book was released on 2015 with total page 417 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This completely updated edition of Exposure Assessment in Environmental Epidemiology offers a practical introduction to exposure assessment methodologies in environmental epidemiologic studies. In addition to methods for traditional methods -- questionnaires, biomonitoring -- this new edition is expanded to include geographic information systems, modeling, personal sensoring, remote sensing, and OMICs technologies. In addition, each of these methods is contextualized within a recent epidemiology study, maximizing illustration for students and those new to these to these techniques. With clear writing and extensive illustration, this book will be useful to anyone interested in exposure assessment, regardless of background.

Principles of Exposure Measurement in Epidemiology

Author : Emily White
Publisher :
ISBN 13 : 9780191723827
Total Pages : 428 pages
Book Rating : 4.7/5 (238 download)

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Book Synopsis Principles of Exposure Measurement in Epidemiology by : Emily White

Download or read book Principles of Exposure Measurement in Epidemiology written by Emily White and published by . This book was released on 2008 with total page 428 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Accurate measurement of exposure to putative causes of disease is essential to the validity of epidemiologic research. This is a new edition of a unique book outlining the principles and techniques of exposure measurement

Occupational Exposure Databases

Author : Working Group on Exposure Registers in Europe
Publisher :
ISBN 13 :
Total Pages : 56 pages
Book Rating : 4.X/5 (4 download)

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Book Synopsis Occupational Exposure Databases by : Working Group on Exposure Registers in Europe

Download or read book Occupational Exposure Databases written by Working Group on Exposure Registers in Europe and published by . This book was released on 1996 with total page 56 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Recoge: 1. Introduction - 2. Workplace exposure measurements - 3. Exposurre information - 4. Codification of core information.

Exposure Science in the 21st Century

Author : National Research Council
Publisher : National Academies Press
ISBN 13 : 0309264685
Total Pages : 210 pages
Book Rating : 4.3/5 (92 download)

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Book Synopsis Exposure Science in the 21st Century by : National Research Council

Download or read book Exposure Science in the 21st Century written by National Research Council and published by National Academies Press. This book was released on 2012-10-28 with total page 210 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: From the use of personal products to our consumption of food, water, and air, people are exposed to a wide array of agents each day-many with the potential to affect health. Exposure Science in the 21st Century: A Vision and A Strategy investigates the contact of humans or other organisms with those agents (that is, chemical, physical, and biologic stressors) and their fate in living systems. The concept of exposure science has been instrumental in helping us understand how stressors affect human and ecosystem health, and in efforts to prevent or reduce contact with harmful stressors. In this way exposure science has played an integral role in many areas of environmental health, and can help meet growing needs in environmental regulation, urban and ecosystem planning, and disaster management. Exposure Science in the 21st Century: A Vision and A Strategy explains that there are increasing demands for exposure science information, for example to meet needs for data on the thousands of chemicals introduced into the market each year, and to better understand the health effects of prolonged low-level exposure to stressors. Recent advances in tools and technologies-including sensor systems, analytic methods, molecular technologies, computational tools, and bioinformatics-have provided the potential for more accurate and comprehensive exposure science data than ever before. This report also provides a roadmap to take advantage of the technologic innovations and strategic collaborations to move exposure science into the future.

Towards Improved Measurement and Reporting of Occupational Illness and Disease

Author :
Publisher :
ISBN 13 :
Total Pages : 166 pages
Book Rating : 4.3/5 ( download)

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Book Synopsis Towards Improved Measurement and Reporting of Occupational Illness and Disease by :

Download or read book Towards Improved Measurement and Reporting of Occupational Illness and Disease written by and published by . This book was released on 1985 with total page 166 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:

Applications of Toxicogenomic Technologies to Predictive Toxicology and Risk Assessment

Author : National Research Council
Publisher : National Academies Press
ISBN 13 : 0309112982
Total Pages : 300 pages
Book Rating : 4.3/5 (91 download)

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Book Synopsis Applications of Toxicogenomic Technologies to Predictive Toxicology and Risk Assessment by : National Research Council

Download or read book Applications of Toxicogenomic Technologies to Predictive Toxicology and Risk Assessment written by National Research Council and published by National Academies Press. This book was released on 2007-12-19 with total page 300 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The new field of toxicogenomics presents a potentially powerful set of tools to better understand the health effects of exposures to toxicants in the environment. At the request of the National Institute of Environmental Health Sciences, the National Research Council assembled a committee to identify the benefits of toxicogenomics, the challenges to achieving them, and potential approaches to overcoming such challenges. The report concludes that realizing the potential of toxicogenomics to improve public health decisions will require a concerted effort to generate data, make use of existing data, and study data in new waysâ€"an effort requiring funding, interagency coordination, and data management strategies.

Indoor Allergens

Author : National Research Council
Publisher : National Academies Press
ISBN 13 : 0309048311
Total Pages : 321 pages
Book Rating : 4.3/5 (9 download)

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Book Synopsis Indoor Allergens by : National Research Council

Download or read book Indoor Allergens written by National Research Council and published by National Academies Press. This book was released on 1993-02-01 with total page 321 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: More than 50 million Americans, one out of five, suffer from hay fever, asthma, and other allergic diseases. Many of these conditions are caused by exposure to allergens in indoor environments such as the house, work, and schoolâ€"where we spend as much as 98 percent of our time. Developed by medical, public health, and engineering professionals working together, this unique volume summarizes what is known about indoor allergens, how they affect human health, the magnitude of their effect on various populations, and how they can be controlled. The book addresses controversies, recommends research directions, and suggests how to assist and educate allergy patients, as well as professionals. Indoor Allergens presents a wealth of information about common indoor allergens and their varying effects, from significant hay fever to life-threatening asthma. The volume discusses sources of allergens, from fungi and dust mites to allergenic chemicals, plants, and animals, and examines practical measures for their control. Indoor Allergens discusses how the human airway and immune system respond to inhaled allergens and assesses patient testing methods, covering the importance of the patient's medical history and outlining procedures and approaches to interpretation for skin tests, in vitro diagnostic tests, and tests of patients' pulmonary function. This comprehensive and practical volume will be important to allergists and other health care providers; public health professionals; specialists in building design, construction, and maintenance; faculty and students in public health; and interested allergy patients.

Mortality of Veteran Participants in the CROSSROADS Nuclear Test

Author : Institute of Medicine
Publisher : National Academies Press
ISBN 13 : 0309175178
Total Pages : 159 pages
Book Rating : 4.3/5 (91 download)

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Book Synopsis Mortality of Veteran Participants in the CROSSROADS Nuclear Test by : Institute of Medicine

Download or read book Mortality of Veteran Participants in the CROSSROADS Nuclear Test written by Institute of Medicine and published by National Academies Press. This book was released on 1996-11-11 with total page 159 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: In 1946, approximately 40,000 U.S. military personnel participated in Operation CROSSROADS, an atmospheric nuclear test that took place at Bikini Atoll in the Marshall Islands. Congress passed a law directing the Veterans Administration to determine whether there were any long-term adverse health effects associated with exposure to ionizing radiation from the detonation of nuclear devices. This book contains the results of an extensive epidemiological study of the mortality of participants compared with a similar group of nonparticipants. Topics of discussion include a breakdown of the study rationale; an overview of other studies of veteran participants in nuclear tests; and descriptions of Operation CROSSROADS, data sources for the study, participant and comparison cohorts, exposure details, mortality ascertainment, and findings and conclusions.

Damp Indoor Spaces and Health

Author : Institute of Medicine
Publisher : National Academies Press
ISBN 13 : 0309091934
Total Pages : 369 pages
Book Rating : 4.3/5 (9 download)

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Book Synopsis Damp Indoor Spaces and Health by : Institute of Medicine

Download or read book Damp Indoor Spaces and Health written by Institute of Medicine and published by National Academies Press. This book was released on 2004-10-01 with total page 369 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Almost all homes, apartments, and commercial buildings will experience leaks, flooding, or other forms of excessive indoor dampness at some point. Not only is excessive dampness a health problem by itself, it also contributes to several other potentially problematic types of situations. Molds and other microbial agents favor damp indoor environments, and excess moisture may initiate the release of chemical emissions from damaged building materials and furnishings. This new book from the Institute of Medicine examines the health impact of exposures resulting from damp indoor environments and offers recommendations for public health interventions. Damp Indoor Spaces and Health covers a broad range of topics. The book not only examines the relationship between damp or moldy indoor environments and adverse health outcomes but also discusses how and where buildings get wet, how dampness influences microbial growth and chemical emissions, ways to prevent and remediate dampness, and elements of a public health response to the issues. A comprehensive literature review finds sufficient evidence of an association between damp indoor environments and some upper respiratory tract symptoms, coughing, wheezing, and asthma symptoms in sensitized persons. This important book will be of interest to a wide-ranging audience of science, health, engineering, and building professionals, government officials, and members of the public.

Health Risks from Exposure to Low Levels of Ionizing Radiation

Author : Committee to Assess Health Risks from Exposure to Low Levels of Ionizing Radiation
Publisher : National Academies Press
ISBN 13 : 0309133343
Total Pages : 422 pages
Book Rating : 4.3/5 (91 download)

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Book Synopsis Health Risks from Exposure to Low Levels of Ionizing Radiation by : Committee to Assess Health Risks from Exposure to Low Levels of Ionizing Radiation

Download or read book Health Risks from Exposure to Low Levels of Ionizing Radiation written by Committee to Assess Health Risks from Exposure to Low Levels of Ionizing Radiation and published by National Academies Press. This book was released on 2006-03-23 with total page 422 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This book is the seventh in a series of titles from the National Research Council that addresses the effects of exposure to low dose LET (Linear Energy Transfer) ionizing radiation and human health. Updating information previously presented in the 1990 publication, Health Effects of Exposure to Low Levels of Ionizing Radiation: BEIR V, this book draws upon new data in both epidemiologic and experimental research. Ionizing radiation arises from both natural and man-made sources and at very high doses can produce damaging effects in human tissue that can be evident within days after exposure. However, it is the low-dose exposures that are the focus of this book. So-called “late” effects, such as cancer, are produced many years after the initial exposure. This book is among the first of its kind to include detailed risk estimates for cancer incidence in addition to cancer mortality. BEIR VII offers a full review of the available biological, biophysical, and epidemiological literature since the last BEIR report on the subject and develops the most up-to-date and comprehensive risk estimates for cancer and other health effects from exposure to low-level ionizing radiation.

Exposure Registers in Europe

Author : P. Vinzents
Publisher :
ISBN 13 :
Total Pages : 46 pages
Book Rating : 4.X/5 (2 download)

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Book Synopsis Exposure Registers in Europe by : P. Vinzents

Download or read book Exposure Registers in Europe written by P. Vinzents and published by . This book was released on 1994 with total page 46 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:

Environmental Epidemiology, Volume 2

Author : National Research Council
Publisher : National Academies Press
ISBN 13 : 030905737X
Total Pages : 200 pages
Book Rating : 4.3/5 (9 download)

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Book Synopsis Environmental Epidemiology, Volume 2 by : National Research Council

Download or read book Environmental Epidemiology, Volume 2 written by National Research Council and published by National Academies Press. This book was released on 1997-07-26 with total page 200 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Determining the health risks to humans of exposure to toxic substances in the environment is made difficult by problems such as measuring the degree to which people have been exposed and determining causationâ€"whether observed health effects are due to exposure to a suspected toxicant. Building on the well-received first volume, Environmental Epidemiology: Hazardous Wastes and Public Health, this second volume continues the examination of ways to address these difficulties. It describes effective epidemiological methods for analyzing data and focuses on errors that may occur in the course of analyses. The book also investigates the utility of the gray literature in helping to identify the often elusive causative agent behind reported health effects. Although gray literature studies are often based on a study group that is quite small, use inadequate measures of exposure, and are not published, many of the reports from about 20 states that were examined by the committee were judged to be publishable with some additional work. The committee makes recommendations to improve the utility of the gray literature by enhancing quality and availability.