The H.264 Advanced Video Compression Standard

Download The H.264 Advanced Video Compression Standard PDF Online Free

Author :
Publisher : John Wiley & Sons
ISBN 13 : 1119965306
Total Pages : 357 pages
Book Rating : 4.1/5 (199 download)

DOWNLOAD NOW!


Book Synopsis The H.264 Advanced Video Compression Standard by : Iain E. Richardson

Download or read book The H.264 Advanced Video Compression Standard written by Iain E. Richardson and published by John Wiley & Sons. This book was released on 2011-08-24 with total page 357 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: H.264 Advanced Video Coding or MPEG-4 Part 10 is fundamental to a growing range of markets such as high definition broadcasting, internet video sharing, mobile video and digital surveillance. This book reflects the growing importance and implementation of H.264 video technology. Offering a detailed overview of the system, it explains the syntax, tools and features of H.264 and equips readers with practical advice on how to get the most out of the standard. Packed with clear examples and illustrations to explain H.264 technology in an accessible and practical way. Covers basic video coding concepts, video formats and visual quality. Explains how to measure and optimise the performance of H.264 and how to balance bitrate, computation and video quality. Analyses recent work on scalable and multi-view versions of H.264, case studies of H.264 codecs and new technological developments such as the popular High Profile extensions. An invaluable companion for developers, broadcasters, system integrators, academics and students who want to master this burgeoning state-of-the-art technology. "[This book] unravels the mysteries behind the latest H.264 standard and delves deeper into each of the operations in the codec. The reader can implement (simulate, design, evaluate, optimize) the codec with all profiles and levels. The book ends with extensions and directions (such as SVC and MVC) for further research." Professor K. R. Rao, The University of Texas at Arlington, co-inventor of the Discrete Cosine Transform

Advances in Computer Science and Engineering

Download Advances in Computer Science and Engineering PDF Online Free

Author :
Publisher : Springer Science & Business Media
ISBN 13 : 3540899855
Total Pages : 1038 pages
Book Rating : 4.5/5 (48 download)

DOWNLOAD NOW!


Book Synopsis Advances in Computer Science and Engineering by : Hamid Sarbazi-Azad

Download or read book Advances in Computer Science and Engineering written by Hamid Sarbazi-Azad and published by Springer Science & Business Media. This book was released on 2008-11-23 with total page 1038 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: It is our pleasure to welcome you to the proceedings of the 13th International C- puter Society of Iran Computer Conference (CSICC-2008). The conference has been held annually since 1995, except for 1998, when it transitioned from a year-end to first-quarter schedule. It has been moving in the direction of greater selectivity (see Fig.1) and broader international participation. Holding it in Kish Island this year represents an effort to further facilitate and encourage international contributions. We feel privileged to participate in further advancing this strong technical tradition. 60 50 40 30 20 10 0 Dec 23-26 Dec 23-25 Dec 23-25 Jan 26-28 Mar 8-10 Feb 21-23 Feb 28-30 Feb 23-26 Feb 16-19 Feb 15-18 Jan 24-26 Feb 20-22 Mar 9-11 1995 1996 1997 Iran 1999 2000 2001 U of 2002 Iran 2003 2004 2005 Iran 2006 IPM, 2007 2008 Sharif U Amirkabir U of Sharif U Shahid Isfahan, Telecom Ferdowsi Sharif U Telecom Tehran Shahid Sharif U of Tech, U of Tech, Sci/Tech, of Tech, Beheshti Isfahan Res. U, of Tech, Res. Beheshti of Tech, Tehran Tehran Tehran Tehran U, Tehran Center Mashhad Tehran Center U, Tehran Kish Island Dates, Year, Venue

High Efficiency Video Coding (HEVC)

Download High Efficiency Video Coding (HEVC) PDF Online Free

Author :
Publisher : Springer
ISBN 13 : 3319068954
Total Pages : 384 pages
Book Rating : 4.3/5 (19 download)

DOWNLOAD NOW!


Book Synopsis High Efficiency Video Coding (HEVC) by : Vivienne Sze

Download or read book High Efficiency Video Coding (HEVC) written by Vivienne Sze and published by Springer. This book was released on 2014-08-23 with total page 384 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This book provides developers, engineers, researchers and students with detailed knowledge about the High Efficiency Video Coding (HEVC) standard. HEVC is the successor to the widely successful H.264/AVC video compression standard, and it provides around twice as much compression as H.264/AVC for the same level of quality. The applications for HEVC will not only cover the space of the well-known current uses and capabilities of digital video – they will also include the deployment of new services and the delivery of enhanced video quality, such as ultra-high-definition television (UHDTV) and video with higher dynamic range, wider range of representable color, and greater representation precision than what is typically found today. HEVC is the next major generation of video coding design – a flexible, reliable and robust solution that will support the next decade of video applications and ease the burden of video on world-wide network traffic. This book provides a detailed explanation of the various parts of the standard, insight into how it was developed, and in-depth discussion of algorithms and architectures for its implementation.

Recent Advances on Video Coding

Download Recent Advances on Video Coding PDF Online Free

Author :
Publisher : BoD – Books on Demand
ISBN 13 : 9533071818
Total Pages : 414 pages
Book Rating : 4.5/5 (33 download)

DOWNLOAD NOW!


Book Synopsis Recent Advances on Video Coding by : Javier Del Ser Lorente

Download or read book Recent Advances on Video Coding written by Javier Del Ser Lorente and published by BoD – Books on Demand. This book was released on 2011-07-05 with total page 414 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This book is intended to attract the attention of practitioners and researchers from industry and academia interested in challenging paradigms of multimedia video coding, with an emphasis on recent technical developments, cross-disciplinary tools and implementations. Given its instructional purpose, the book also overviews recently published video coding standards such as H.264/AVC and SVC from a simulational standpoint. Novel rate control schemes and cross-disciplinary tools for the optimization of diverse aspects related to video coding are also addressed in detail, along with implementation architectures specially tailored for video processing and encoding. The book concludes by exposing new advances in semantic video coding. In summary: this book serves as a technically sounding start point for early-stage researchers and developers willing to join leading-edge research on video coding, processing and multimedia transmission.

Handbook of Energy-Aware and Green Computing - Two Volume Set

Download Handbook of Energy-Aware and Green Computing - Two Volume Set PDF Online Free

Author :
Publisher : CRC Press
ISBN 13 : 1482254441
Total Pages : 1284 pages
Book Rating : 4.4/5 (822 download)

DOWNLOAD NOW!


Book Synopsis Handbook of Energy-Aware and Green Computing - Two Volume Set by : Ishfaq Ahmad

Download or read book Handbook of Energy-Aware and Green Computing - Two Volume Set written by Ishfaq Ahmad and published by CRC Press. This book was released on 2016-02-03 with total page 1284 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Implementing energy-efficient CPUs and peripherals as well as reducing resource consumption have become emerging trends in computing. As computers increase in speed and power, their energy issues become more and more prevalent. The need to develop and promote environmentally friendly computer technologies and systems has also come to the forefront

Energy-Aware System Design

Download Energy-Aware System Design PDF Online Free

Author :
Publisher : Springer Science & Business Media
ISBN 13 : 9400716796
Total Pages : 295 pages
Book Rating : 4.4/5 (7 download)

DOWNLOAD NOW!


Book Synopsis Energy-Aware System Design by : Chong-Min Kyung

Download or read book Energy-Aware System Design written by Chong-Min Kyung and published by Springer Science & Business Media. This book was released on 2011-06-17 with total page 295 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Power consumption becomes the most important design goal in a wide range of electronic systems. There are two driving forces towards this trend: continuing device scaling and ever increasing demand of higher computing power. First, device scaling continues to satisfy Moore’s law via a conventional way of scaling (More Moore) and a new way of exploiting the vertical integration (More than Moore). Second, mobile and IT convergence requires more computing power on the silicon chip than ever. Cell phones are now evolving towards mobile PC. PCs and data centers are becoming commodities in house and a must in industry. Both supply enabled by device scaling and demand triggered by the convergence trend realize more computation on chip (via multi-core, integration of diverse functionalities on mobile SoCs, etc.) and finally more power consumption incurring power-related issues and constraints. Energy-Aware System Design: Algorithms and Architectures provides state-of-the-art ideas for low power design methods from circuit, architecture to software level and offers design case studies in three fast growing areas of mobile storage, biomedical and security. Important topics and features: - Describes very recent advanced issues and methods for energy-aware design at each design level from circuit and architecture to algorithm level, and also covering important blocks including low power main memory subsystem and on-chip network at architecture level - Explains efficient power conversion and delivery which is becoming important as heterogeneous power sources are adopted for digital and non-digital parts - Investigates 3D die stacking emphasizing temperature awareness for better perspective on energy efficiency - Presents three practical energy-aware design case studies; novel storage device (e.g., solid state disk), biomedical electronics (e.g., cochlear and retina implants), and wireless surveillance camera systems. Researchers and engineers in the field of hardware and software design will find this book an excellent starting point to catch up with the state-of-the-art ideas of low power design.

Sustainable ICTs and Management Systems for Green Computing

Download Sustainable ICTs and Management Systems for Green Computing PDF Online Free

Author :
Publisher : IGI Global
ISBN 13 : 146661840X
Total Pages : 496 pages
Book Rating : 4.4/5 (666 download)

DOWNLOAD NOW!


Book Synopsis Sustainable ICTs and Management Systems for Green Computing by : Hu, Wen-Chen

Download or read book Sustainable ICTs and Management Systems for Green Computing written by Hu, Wen-Chen and published by IGI Global. This book was released on 2012-06-30 with total page 496 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: "This book focuses on information technology using sustainable green computing to reduce energy and resources used"--Provided by publisher.

International Proceedings on Advances in Soft Computing, Intelligent Systems and Applications

Download International Proceedings on Advances in Soft Computing, Intelligent Systems and Applications PDF Online Free

Author :
Publisher : Springer
ISBN 13 : 9811052727
Total Pages : 447 pages
Book Rating : 4.8/5 (11 download)

DOWNLOAD NOW!


Book Synopsis International Proceedings on Advances in Soft Computing, Intelligent Systems and Applications by : M. Sreenivasa Reddy

Download or read book International Proceedings on Advances in Soft Computing, Intelligent Systems and Applications written by M. Sreenivasa Reddy and published by Springer. This book was released on 2017-12-28 with total page 447 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The book focuses on the state-of-the-art technologies pertaining to advances in soft computing, intelligent system and applications. The Proceedings of ASISA 2016 presents novel and original work in soft computing, intelligent system and applications by the experts and budding researchers. These are the cutting edge technologies that have immense application in various fields. The papers discuss many real world complex problems that cannot be easily handled with traditional mathematical methods. The exact solution of the problems at hand can be achieved with soft computing techniques. Soft computing represents a collection of computational techniques inheriting inspiration from evolutionary algorithms, nature inspired algorithms, bio-inspired algorithms, neural networks and fuzzy logic.

Versatile Video Coding: Latest Advances in Video Coding Standards

Download Versatile Video Coding: Latest Advances in Video Coding Standards PDF Online Free

Author :
Publisher : River Publishers
ISBN 13 : 8770220476
Total Pages : 460 pages
Book Rating : 4.7/5 (72 download)

DOWNLOAD NOW!


Book Synopsis Versatile Video Coding: Latest Advances in Video Coding Standards by : Ochoa Dominguez, Humberto

Download or read book Versatile Video Coding: Latest Advances in Video Coding Standards written by Ochoa Dominguez, Humberto and published by River Publishers. This book was released on 2019-03-08 with total page 460 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Video is the main driver of bandwidth use, accounting for over 80 per cent of consumer Internet traffic. Video compression is a critical component of many of the available multimedia applications, it is necessary for storage or transmission of digital video over today’s band-limited networks. The majority of this video is coded using international standards developed in collaboration with ITU-T Study Group and MPEG. The MPEG family of video coding standards begun on the early 1990s with MPEG-1, developed for video and audio storage on CD-ROMs, with support for progressive video. MPEG-2 was standardized in 1995 for applications of video on DVD, standard and high definition television, with support for interlaced and progressive video. MPEG-4 part 2, also known as MPEG-2 video, was standardized in 1999 for applications of low- bit rate multimedia on mobile platforms and the Internet, with the support of object-based or content based coding by modeling the scene as background and foreground. Since MPEG-1, the main video coding standards were based on the so-called macroblocks. However, research groups continued the work beyond the traditional video coding architectures and found that macroblocks could limit the performance of the compression when using high-resolution video. Therefore, in 2013 the high efficiency video coding (HEVC) also known and H.265, was released, with a structure similar to H.264/AVC but using coding units with more flexible partitions than the traditional macroblocks. HEVC has greater flexibility in prediction modes and transform block sizes, also it has a more sophisticated interpolation and de blocking filters. In 2006 the VC-1 was released. VC-1 is a video codec implemented by Microsoft and the Microsoft Windows Media Video (VMW) 9 and standardized by the Society of Motion Picture and Television Engineers (SMPTE). In 2017 the Joint Video Experts Team (JVET) released a call for proposals for a new video coding standard initially called Beyond the HEVC, Future Video Coding (FVC) or known as Versatile Video Coding (VVC). VVC is being built on top of HEVC for application on Standard Dynamic Range (SDR), High Dynamic Range (HDR) and 360° Video. The VVC is planned to be finalized by 2020. This book presents the new VVC, and updates on the HEVC. The book discusses the advances in lossless coding and covers the topic of screen content coding. Technical topics discussed include: Beyond the High Efficiency Video CodingHigh Efficiency Video Coding encoderScreen contentLossless and visually lossless coding algorithmsFast coding algorithmsVisual quality assessmentOther screen content coding algorithmsOverview of JPEG Series

Advances in Multimedia Information Processing - PCM 2016

Download Advances in Multimedia Information Processing - PCM 2016 PDF Online Free

Author :
Publisher : Springer
ISBN 13 : 3319488961
Total Pages : 762 pages
Book Rating : 4.3/5 (194 download)

DOWNLOAD NOW!


Book Synopsis Advances in Multimedia Information Processing - PCM 2016 by : Enqing Chen

Download or read book Advances in Multimedia Information Processing - PCM 2016 written by Enqing Chen and published by Springer. This book was released on 2016-11-26 with total page 762 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The two-volume proceedings LNCS 9916 and 9917, constitute the proceedings of the 17th Pacific-Rim Conference on Multimedia, PCM 2016, held in Xi`an, China, in September 2016. The total of 128 papers presented in these proceedings was carefully reviewed and selected from 202 submissions. The focus of the conference was as follows in multimedia content analysis, multimedia signal processing and communications, and multimedia applications and services.

Biometrics: Concepts, Methodologies, Tools, and Applications

Download Biometrics: Concepts, Methodologies, Tools, and Applications PDF Online Free

Author :
Publisher : IGI Global
ISBN 13 : 1522509844
Total Pages : 1887 pages
Book Rating : 4.5/5 (225 download)

DOWNLOAD NOW!


Book Synopsis Biometrics: Concepts, Methodologies, Tools, and Applications by : Management Association, Information Resources

Download or read book Biometrics: Concepts, Methodologies, Tools, and Applications written by Management Association, Information Resources and published by IGI Global. This book was released on 2016-08-30 with total page 1887 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Security and authentication issues are surging to the forefront of the research realm in global society. As technology continues to evolve, individuals are finding it easier to infiltrate various forums and facilities where they can illegally obtain information and access. By implementing biometric authentications to these forums, users are able to prevent attacks on their privacy and security. Biometrics: Concepts, Methodologies, Tools, and Applications is a multi-volume publication highlighting critical topics related to access control, user identification, and surveillance technologies. Featuring emergent research on the issues and challenges in security and privacy, various forms of user authentication, biometric applications to image processing and computer vision, and security applications within the field, this publication is an ideal reference source for researchers, engineers, technology developers, students, and security specialists.

Advanced Hybrid Information Processing

Download Advanced Hybrid Information Processing PDF Online Free

Author :
Publisher : Springer Nature
ISBN 13 : 3031287878
Total Pages : 806 pages
Book Rating : 4.0/5 (312 download)

DOWNLOAD NOW!


Book Synopsis Advanced Hybrid Information Processing by : Weina Fu

Download or read book Advanced Hybrid Information Processing written by Weina Fu and published by Springer Nature. This book was released on 2023-03-21 with total page 806 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This two-volume set constitutes the post-conference proceedings of the 6th EAI International Conference on Advanced Hybrid Information Processing, ADHIP 2022, held in Changsha, China, in September 29-30, 2022. The 109 full papers presented were selected from 276 submissions and focus on theory and application of hybrid information processing technology for smarter and more effective research and application. The theme of ADHIP 2022 was Hybrid Information Processing in Meta World. The papers are named in topical sections as follows: Information Extracting and Processing in Digital World; Education Based methods in Learning and Teaching; Various Systems for Digital World.

Distributed Computer and Communication Networks

Download Distributed Computer and Communication Networks PDF Online Free

Author :
Publisher : Springer
ISBN 13 : 3319052098
Total Pages : 276 pages
Book Rating : 4.3/5 (19 download)

DOWNLOAD NOW!


Book Synopsis Distributed Computer and Communication Networks by : Vladimir Vishnevsky

Download or read book Distributed Computer and Communication Networks written by Vladimir Vishnevsky and published by Springer. This book was released on 2014-03-18 with total page 276 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This book constitutes the refereed proceedings of the 17th International Conference on Distributed Computer and Communication Networks, DCCN 2013, held in Moscow, Russia, in October 2013. The 22 revised full papers presented were carefully reviewed and selected from numerous submissions. The papers cover the following subjects: computer and communication networks architecture optimization; control in computer and communication networks; performance and QoS evaluation in wireless networks; modeling and simulation of network protocols; queueing theory; wireless IEEE 802.11, IEEE 802.15, IEEE 802.16 and UMTS (LTE) net-works; RFID technology and its application in intellectual transportation networks; protocols design (MAC, Routing) for centimeter and millimeter wave mesh networks; internet and web applications and services; application integration in distributed information systems.

Image Processing: Concepts, Methodologies, Tools, and Applications

Download Image Processing: Concepts, Methodologies, Tools, and Applications PDF Online Free

Author :
Publisher : IGI Global
ISBN 13 : 1466639954
Total Pages : 1587 pages
Book Rating : 4.4/5 (666 download)

DOWNLOAD NOW!


Book Synopsis Image Processing: Concepts, Methodologies, Tools, and Applications by : Management Association, Information Resources

Download or read book Image Processing: Concepts, Methodologies, Tools, and Applications written by Management Association, Information Resources and published by IGI Global. This book was released on 2013-05-31 with total page 1587 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Advancements in digital technology continue to expand the image science field through the tools and techniques utilized to process two-dimensional images and videos. Image Processing: Concepts, Methodologies, Tools, and Applications presents a collection of research on this multidisciplinary field and the operation of multi-dimensional signals with systems that range from simple digital circuits to computers. This reference source is essential for researchers, academics, and students in the computer science, computer vision, and electrical engineering fields.

Digital Video: An Introduction to MPEG-2

Download Digital Video: An Introduction to MPEG-2 PDF Online Free

Author :
Publisher : Springer Science & Business Media
ISBN 13 : 0306469820
Total Pages : 451 pages
Book Rating : 4.3/5 (64 download)

DOWNLOAD NOW!


Book Synopsis Digital Video: An Introduction to MPEG-2 by : Barry G. Haskell

Download or read book Digital Video: An Introduction to MPEG-2 written by Barry G. Haskell and published by Springer Science & Business Media. This book was released on 2007-05-08 with total page 451 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Digital Video offers comprehensive coverage of the MPEG-2 audio/visual digital compression standard. The treatment includes the specifics needed to implement an MPEG-2 Decoder, including the syntax and semantics of the coded bitstreams. Since the MPEG-2 Encoders are not specified by the standard, and are actually closely held secrets of many vendors, the book only outlines the fundamentals of encoder design and algorithm optimization.

Image and Video Compression for Multimedia Engineering

Download Image and Video Compression for Multimedia Engineering PDF Online Free

Author :
Publisher : CRC Press
ISBN 13 : 1420007262
Total Pages : 580 pages
Book Rating : 4.4/5 (2 download)

DOWNLOAD NOW!


Book Synopsis Image and Video Compression for Multimedia Engineering by : Yun-Qing Shi

Download or read book Image and Video Compression for Multimedia Engineering written by Yun-Qing Shi and published by CRC Press. This book was released on 2017-12-19 with total page 580 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Multimedia hardware still cannot accommodate the demand for large amounts of visual data. Without the generation of high-quality video bitstreams, limited hardware capabilities will continue to stifle the advancement of multimedia technologies. Thorough grounding in coding is needed so that applications such as MPEG-4 and JPEG 2000 may come to fruition. Image and Video Compression for Multimedia Engineering provides a solid, comprehensive understanding of the fundamentals and algorithms that lead to the creation of new methods for generating high quality video bit streams. The authors present a number of relevant advances along with international standards. New to the Second Edition · A chapter describing the recently developed video coding standard, MPEG-Part 10 Advances Video Coding also known as H.264 · Fundamental concepts and algorithms of JPEG2000 · Color systems of digital video · Up-to-date video coding standards and profiles Visual data, image, and video coding will continue to enable the creation of advanced hardware, suitable to the demands of new applications. Covering both image and video compression, this book yields a unique, self-contained reference for practitioners tobuild a basis for future study, research, and development.

Handbook of Image and Video Processing

Download Handbook of Image and Video Processing PDF Online Free

Author :
Publisher : Academic Press
ISBN 13 : 0080533612
Total Pages : 1429 pages
Book Rating : 4.0/5 (85 download)

DOWNLOAD NOW!


Book Synopsis Handbook of Image and Video Processing by : Alan C. Bovik

Download or read book Handbook of Image and Video Processing written by Alan C. Bovik and published by Academic Press. This book was released on 2010-07-21 with total page 1429 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: 55% new material in the latest edition of this "must-have for students and practitioners of image & video processing!This Handbook is intended to serve as the basic reference point on image and video processing, in the field, in the research laboratory, and in the classroom. Each chapter has been written by carefully selected, distinguished experts specializing in that topic and carefully reviewed by the Editor, Al Bovik, ensuring that the greatest depth of understanding be communicated to the reader. Coverage includes introductory, intermediate and advanced topics and as such, this book serves equally well as classroom textbook as reference resource. • Provides practicing engineers and students with a highly accessible resource for learning and using image/video processing theory and algorithms • Includes a new chapter on image processing education, which should prove invaluable for those developing or modifying their curricula • Covers the various image and video processing standards that exist and are emerging, driving today's explosive industry • Offers an understanding of what images are, how they are modeled, and gives an introduction to how they are perceived • Introduces the necessary, practical background to allow engineering students to acquire and process their own digital image or video data • Culminates with a diverse set of applications chapters, covered in sufficient depth to serve as extensible models to the reader's own potential applications About the Editor... Al Bovik is the Cullen Trust for Higher Education Endowed Professor at The University of Texas at Austin, where he is the Director of the Laboratory for Image and Video Engineering (LIVE). He has published over 400 technical articles in the general area of image and video processing and holds two U.S. patents. Dr. Bovik was Distinguished Lecturer of the IEEE Signal Processing Society (2000), received the IEEE Signal Processing Society Meritorious Service Award (1998), the IEEE Third Millennium Medal (2000), and twice was a two-time Honorable Mention winner of the international Pattern Recognition Society Award. He is a Fellow of the IEEE, was Editor-in-Chief, of the IEEE Transactions on Image Processing (1996-2002), has served on and continues to serve on many other professional boards and panels, and was the Founding General Chairman of the IEEE International Conference on Image Processing which was held in Austin, Texas in 1994.* No other resource for image and video processing contains the same breadth of up-to-date coverage* Each chapter written by one or several of the top experts working in that area* Includes all essential mathematics, techniques, and algorithms for every type of image and video processing used by electrical engineers, computer scientists, internet developers, bioengineers, and scientists in various, image-intensive disciplines