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Implementation And Characterization Of The Data Acquisition System Of A Compton Camera For Prompt Gamma Imaging In Protontherapy
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Book Synopsis Implementation and Characterization of the Data Acquisition System of a Compton Camera for Prompt Gamma Imaging in Protontherapy by : Cairo Pimenta Cheble Caplan
Download or read book Implementation and Characterization of the Data Acquisition System of a Compton Camera for Prompt Gamma Imaging in Protontherapy written by Cairo Pimenta Cheble Caplan and published by . This book was released on 2020 with total page 0 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Hadrontherapy uses a beam of charged particles (protons or carbon ions) to destroy tumour cells. Compared to conventional radiotherapy hadrontherapy represents a promising technique to treat cancer because of its concentrated dose delivery within the Bragg peak. Monitoring of dose delivery can thus be addressed by verifying the range of the beam particles.CLaRyS, which stands for online control of hadrontherapy by secondary radiation, is a project regrouping several laboratories that aims at improving dose delivery control by imaging the emission of prompt-gamma rays issued from inelastic collisions of the beam particles with target nuclei. This requires to detect prompt-gamma rays using either a mechanical or the electronic collimation resulting from the Compton interactions of the gamma rays in a scatterer.As part of this development, a high-performance and compact Back-End (BE) electronics was developed at CPPM to perform data acquisition from the detectors through 34 optical links of 3 Gb/s. Data are packed and sent to a PC on a 1 Gb/s Ethernet link, guaranteeing 300 Mb/s throughput as specified for the Compton camera by Monte Carlo simulations for a beam intensity of 10 power of 8 proton/s. My thesis work comprised the development of the FPGA firmware for the BE electronics of CLaRyS, while contributing to the development and evaluation of its detection system. Measurements with the collimated camera and beam hodoscope were performed on the 65 MeV proton beam line of the Mediterranean Protontherapy Institute in Nice.
Book Synopsis Prompt Gamma Imaging Based on Compton Camera Detector Systems for Range Verification in Proton Therapy Treatments by : Ingrid Isabel Valencia Lozano
Download or read book Prompt Gamma Imaging Based on Compton Camera Detector Systems for Range Verification in Proton Therapy Treatments written by Ingrid Isabel Valencia Lozano and published by . This book was released on 2018 with total page pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Book Synopsis Design and Evaluation of Gamma Imaging Systems of Compton and Hybrid Cameras by : Yuxin Feng
Download or read book Design and Evaluation of Gamma Imaging Systems of Compton and Hybrid Cameras written by Yuxin Feng and published by . This book was released on 2009 with total page pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: For medical applications in proton therapy, a Compton camera system to image the gamma-ray emission during treatment was designed and investigated. Gamma rays and X-rays emitted during treatment illustrate the energy deposition along the path of the proton beams and provide an opportunity for online dose verification. This Compton camera is designed to be capable of imaging gamma rays in 3D and is one of the candidates for imaging gamma emission during the treatment of proton therapy beside of the approach of positron emission tomography. In order to meet the requirement for spatial resolution of approximately 5 mm or less to meaningfully verify the dose via imaging gamma rays of 511 keV to 2 MeV, position sensing techniques with pixilated LaBr3(Ce) crystal were applied in each detector. The pixilated LaBr3 (Ce) crystal was used in both the scattering and absorbing detectors. Image reconstruction algorithms of OS-EML were applied to obtain 3D images.
Book Synopsis Proof of Concept Study of a Semiconductor Compton Camera to be Used for Prompt Gamma Ray Imaging During Proton Therapy by : Hamed Abdulrzaq T. Alshammari
Download or read book Proof of Concept Study of a Semiconductor Compton Camera to be Used for Prompt Gamma Ray Imaging During Proton Therapy written by Hamed Abdulrzaq T. Alshammari and published by . This book was released on 2022 with total page 0 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Book Synopsis Design Study of a Compton Camera for Prompts-gamma Imaging During Ion Beam Therapy by : Marie-Hélène Richard
Download or read book Design Study of a Compton Camera for Prompts-gamma Imaging During Ion Beam Therapy written by Marie-Hélène Richard and published by . This book was released on 2012 with total page 0 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Ion beam therapy is an innovative radiotherapy technique using mainly carbon ion and proton irradiations. Its aim is to improve the current treatment modalities. Because of the sharpness of the dose distributions, a control of the dose if possible in real time is highly desirable. A possibility is to detect the prompt gamma rays emitted subsequently to the nuclear fragmentations occurring during the treatment of the patient. In a first time two different Compton cameras (double and single scattering) have been optimised by means of Monte Carlo simulations. The response of the camera to a photon point source with a realistic energy spectrum was studied. Then, the response of the camera to the irradiation of a water phantom by a proton beam was simulated. It was first compared with measurement performed with small-size detectors. Then, using the previous measurements, we evaluated the counting rates expected in clinical conditions. In the current set-up of the camera, these counting rates are pretty high. Pile up and random coincidences will be problematic. Finally we demonstrate that the detection system is capable to detect a longitudinal shift in the Bragg peak of +or- 5 mm, even with the current reconstruction algorithm.
Book Synopsis Design and Implementation of a Prompt-gamma Camera for Real-time Monitoring of Ion Beam Therapy by : Frauke Roellinghoff
Download or read book Design and Implementation of a Prompt-gamma Camera for Real-time Monitoring of Ion Beam Therapy written by Frauke Roellinghoff and published by . This book was released on 2014 with total page 173 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Protontherapy is a promising technique for tumor treatment that is becoming more and more widespread. The sharply peaked profile of the dose and the finite particle range allow for very conformal treatment and better sparing of healthy tissue beyond the tumor, but he precise delivery also proves to be the biggest challenge of the technique. Errors in range are a considerable risk in proton therapy and no range monitoring method is currently systematically used for quality control. In this manuscript, an indirect method of measuring the dose distribution, via the detection of secondary prompt gamma radiation emitted along the beam path, is explored. Two different one-dimensional collimated camera concepts, a multi-parallel-slit camera and a knife-edge slit camera are compared with regards to their potential use. Both systems are optimized via Monte Carlo simulation and measurements are presented for validation. The comparison is made on the basis of the precision with which a shift in the prompt gamma profile falloff edge can be retrieved by comparison with a reference profile as well as the spatial resolution, the cost, weight and bulkiness of the system and guidelines are given for choosing the best configuration for different requirements. Similar values can be obtained for both concepts, reaching a precision for the retrieval of the falloff edge of around 2 mm for a single pencil beam spot of 5×107 protons. This study concludes with an outlook on future developments and areas of investigation with the goal of reaching clinical applicability of a prompt gamma detection system.
Book Synopsis Tests and Characterization of Gamma Cameras for Medical Applications by : Mattia Fontana
Download or read book Tests and Characterization of Gamma Cameras for Medical Applications written by Mattia Fontana and published by . This book was released on 2018 with total page 0 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This thesis work has been carried out within the CLaRyS French collaboration, which is involved in the development of a multi-collimated gamma camera and a Compton camera for the application in ion beam therapy monitoring through prompt-gamma detection and in nuclear medicine examinations. The main goal of the thesis was the complete characterization of the camera detector components, and the test of the whole systems on clinical ion beams. In parallel, simulation works have been performed to assess the performance of the Compton camera for the measurement of ion range during proton and carbon therapy, and for single photon emission computed tomography application in the nuclear medicine field.
Book Synopsis Coded-Aperture Compton Camera for Gamma-Ray Imaging by : Aaron M. Farber
Download or read book Coded-Aperture Compton Camera for Gamma-Ray Imaging written by Aaron M. Farber and published by . This book was released on 2013 with total page 160 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This dissertation describes the development of a novel gamma-ray imaging system concept and presents results from Monte Carlo simulations of the new design. Current designs for large field-of-view gamma cameras suitable for homeland security applications implement either a coded aperture or a Compton scattering geometry to image a gamma-ray source. Both of these systems require large, expensive position-sensitive detectors in order to work effectively. By combining characteristics of both of these systems, a new design can be implemented that does not require such expensive detectors and that can be scaled down to a portable size. This new system has significant promise in homeland security, astronomy, botany and other fields, while future iterations may prove useful in medical imaging, other biological sciences and other areas, such as non-destructive testing. A proof-of-principle study of the new gamma-ray imaging system has been performed by Monte Carlo simulation. Various reconstruction methods have been explored and compared. General-Purpose Graphics-Processor-Unit (GPGPU) computation has also been incorporated. The resulting code is a primary design tool for exploring variables such as detector spacing, material selection and thickness and pixel geometry. The advancement of the system from a simple 1-dimensional simulation to a full 3-dimensional model is described. Methods of image reconstruction are discussed and results of simulations consisting of both a 4 x 4 and a 16 x 16 object space mesh have been presented. A discussion of the limitations and potential areas of further study is also presented.
Book Synopsis A Compton Camera for Low Energy Gamma Ray Imaging in Nuclear Medicine Applications by : James Walter LeBlanc
Download or read book A Compton Camera for Low Energy Gamma Ray Imaging in Nuclear Medicine Applications written by James Walter LeBlanc and published by . This book was released on 1999 with total page 396 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Book Synopsis Fast-prompt Gamma Imaging for the Online Monitoring of the Ion Range in Hadron Therapy by : Marie-Laure Gallin-Martel
Download or read book Fast-prompt Gamma Imaging for the Online Monitoring of the Ion Range in Hadron Therapy written by Marie-Laure Gallin-Martel and published by . This book was released on 2017 with total page pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The French collaboration ClaRyS is developing fast detectors for online ion range monitoring to reduce treatment uncertainties in hadron therapy. Prompt gamma imaging (PGI), based on the detection of prompt gamma rays following nuclear reactions along the ion track, is a promising technique for the real time verification of ion range, especially when time of flight (TOF) is used to discriminate the prompt gamma rays issued from the patient from the large background of secondary radiation [1].A Compton Camera prototype has been developed by CLaRyS for PGI. Using Compton kinematics, the photon emission point is reconstructed using either an iterative process, or, if the camera is used in conjunction with a beam-tagging hodoscope, an analytic process involving the intersection of a line and a cone. The iterative reconstruction yielded a precision of 2 mm in the measured range for 160 MeV protons incident on a PMMA phantom. Whilst much quicker than the iterative reconstruction, the analytic reconstruction is less precise, but may be improved using TOF with 100 ps resolution or less. This has been studied by means of a Monte Carlo simulation.CLaRyS has recently acquired a fast photon counting Temporal camera developed by Damavan Imaging [2]. Although originally conceived for standalone nuclear dismantling operations, the custom Temporal Compton camera readout will be synchronized with the readout of a beam hodoscope. The camera is undergoing characterisation to investigate its suitability to be used as an online range monitor in hadron therapy.Results from the two studies will be presented and discussed.[1] J. Krimmer et al., Nuclear Inst. and Methods in Physics Research, A 878 (2018) 58u201373[2] http://damavan-imaging.com/temporal-delta-compton-camera/
Book Synopsis Development of Data Acquisition and Analysis Systems for In-beam Gamma Ray Spectroscopy by : Joseph Bror Carlson
Download or read book Development of Data Acquisition and Analysis Systems for In-beam Gamma Ray Spectroscopy written by Joseph Bror Carlson and published by . This book was released on 1982 with total page 400 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Book Synopsis Data Acquisition Techniques Using PC by : Howard Austerlitz
Download or read book Data Acquisition Techniques Using PC written by Howard Austerlitz and published by Academic Press. This book was released on 2014-06-28 with total page 329 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Data Acquisition Techniques Using Personal Computers contains all the information required by a technical professional (engineer, scientist, technician) to implement a PC-based acquisition system. Including both basic tutorial information as well as some advanced topics, this work is suitable as a reference book for engineers or as a supplemental text for engineering students. It gives the reader enough understanding of the topics to implement a data acquisition system based on commercial products. A reader can alternatively learn how to custom build hardware or write his or her own software. Featuring diverse information, this book will be useful to both the technical professional and the hobbyist. - Contains tables of reference information on PC/XT/AT computers that are usually not found in a single source - Includes hardware information, such as I/O addresses, memory maps, and hardware interrupts - Discusses software reference material including BIOS and DOS interrupt calls - Presents valuable hardware interface information including timing diagrams, design examples, and descriptions of standard interfaces, such as the RS-232 serial interface
Book Synopsis Proton Therapy Physics by : Harald Paganetti
Download or read book Proton Therapy Physics written by Harald Paganetti and published by CRC Press. This book was released on 2016-04-19 with total page 691 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Proton Therapy Physics goes beyond current books on proton therapy to provide an in-depth overview of the physics aspects of this radiation therapy modality, eliminating the need to dig through information scattered in the medical physics literature. After tracing the history of proton therapy, the book summarizes the atomic and nuclear physics background necessary for understanding proton interactions with tissue. It describes the physics of proton accelerators, the parameters of clinical proton beams, and the mechanisms to generate a conformal dose distribution in a patient. The text then covers detector systems and measuring techniques for reference dosimetry, outlines basic quality assurance and commissioning guidelines, and gives examples of Monte Carlo simulations in proton therapy. The book moves on to discussions of treatment planning for single- and multiple-field uniform doses, dose calculation concepts and algorithms, and precision and uncertainties for nonmoving and moving targets. It also examines computerized treatment plan optimization, methods for in vivo dose or beam range verification, the safety of patients and operating personnel, and the biological implications of using protons from a physics perspective. The final chapter illustrates the use of risk models for common tissue complications in treatment optimization. Along with exploring quality assurance issues and biological considerations, this practical guide collects the latest clinical studies on the use of protons in treatment planning and radiation monitoring. Suitable for both newcomers in medical physics and more seasoned specialists in radiation oncology, the book helps readers understand the uncertainties and limitations of precisely shaped dose distribution.
Book Synopsis Data Acquisition Techniques Using PCs by : Howard Austerlitz
Download or read book Data Acquisition Techniques Using PCs written by Howard Austerlitz and published by Academic Press. This book was released on 2002-12-04 with total page 429 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The second edition of this highly successful text focuses on the major changes that have taken place in this field in recent times. Data Acquisition Techniques Using PCs, Second Edition, recognises that data acquisition is the core of most engineering and many life science systems in measurement and instrumentation. It will prove invaluable to scientists, engineers, students and technicians wishing to keep up with the latest technological developments. - Teaches the reader how to set up a PC-based system that measures, analyzes, and controls experiments and processes through detailed design examples - Geared for beginning and advanced users, with many tutorials for less experienced readers, and detailed standards references for more experienced readers - Fully revised new edition discusses latest programming languages and includes a list of over 80 product manufacurers to save valuable time
Book Synopsis Gamma Ray Electronic Collimation Using a Large Volume CZT Crystal by : Estanislao Aguayo
Download or read book Gamma Ray Electronic Collimation Using a Large Volume CZT Crystal written by Estanislao Aguayo and published by Universal-Publishers. This book was released on 2007-06-07 with total page 279 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Gamma ray detection techniques for radioisotope imaging purposes are quickly evolving. Monte Carlo simulations show the possibility of achieving an outstanding image spatial resolution in the images obtained with techniques using electronic collimation. The great advantage of using electronic collimation is the increased efficiency of the gamma camera with respect to the usage of the mechanical collimation technique. These new imaging techniques require radiation detectors with very specific features, such as low noise, desired stooping power and compactness. In this thesis project, an apparatus for detection of a Compton deposition of gamma rays, capable of differentiating the position of interaction of the gamma ray in the active volume of the detector, has been developed. The design and manufacture of such an apparatus implies the selection and characterization of the radiation sensitive material and its calibration, as well as its associated electronics, in order to achieve the critical requirements to be used as part of the electronic collimated gamma camera. Along with the detector development, the electronic collimation requires a very specific control system. The required logic system that makes possible the usage of the apparatus as part of the the electronic collimation set-up, has also been developed as part of this thesis work. This electronic system is meant to work in coordination with other sensors, and its final output is to give exact information of the photon-electron interaction points, in order for an image to be deduced. The result of this thesis work is a radiation detector ready to be used as the tracker component in the application of the electronic collimation technique. Its control system allows it to be used to build a Compton camera by simply removing the mechanical collimator of a regular gamma-camera, and arranging both detectors in the desired radioisotope imaging electronic collimation scenario.
Book Synopsis Data Acquisition and Processing in Biology and Medicine by : Kurt Enslein
Download or read book Data Acquisition and Processing in Biology and Medicine written by Kurt Enslein and published by Elsevier. This book was released on 2013-10-22 with total page 359 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Data Acquisition and Processing in Biology and Medicine, Volume 3, documents the proceedings of the 1963 conference at the University of Rochester. The volume begins with the keynote address of the Frank W. McKee of the University of Rochester Medical Center that focused on the issue of continuing education, and the keynote address of Max A. Woodbury, Professor of Experimental Neurology, New York University Medical School, about the impact of biological computation. This is followed by the papers presented during the six sessions held during the conference. Session I contains papers on the value of computers to physicians and hospitals. Session II deals with on computer diagnosis. Session III is devoted to computer applications in psychiatry and psychophysiology. Session IV focuses on information retrieval. Session V covers the potential and limitations of computer processing and analysis. Session VI includes studies on modeling and pattern recognition. Transcripts of discussions of the papers presented during each session are also provided.
Book Synopsis The Design of a Data Acquisition System for Cornell's Time Frequency Analysis Research by : David Darian Muresan
Download or read book The Design of a Data Acquisition System for Cornell's Time Frequency Analysis Research written by David Darian Muresan and published by . This book was released on 1997 with total page 122 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
