Impact Of Natural Hazards On Oil And Gas Extraction

Download Impact Of Natural Hazards On Oil And Gas Extraction full books in PDF, epub, and Kindle. Read online Impact Of Natural Hazards On Oil And Gas Extraction ebook anywhere anytime directly on your device. Fast Download speed and no annoying ads. We cannot guarantee that every ebooks is available!

Impact of Natural Hazards on Oil and Gas Extraction

Author : Ian Lerche
Publisher : Springer Science & Business Media
ISBN 13 : 1475730195
Total Pages : 380 pages
Book Rating : 4.4/5 (757 download)

DOWNLOAD NOW!

Book Synopsis Impact of Natural Hazards on Oil and Gas Extraction by : Ian Lerche

Download or read book Impact of Natural Hazards on Oil and Gas Extraction written by Ian Lerche and published by Springer Science & Business Media. This book was released on 2013-03-09 with total page 380 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Since the dissolution of the Soviet Union almost a decade ago, there has been rapid evolution of interactions between the Western nations and individual countries of the former Soviet Union. As part of that interaction, the autonomous independent Republic of Azerbaijan through its scientific arm, the Geological Institute of the Azerbaijan Academy of Sciences under the Directorship of Academician Akif Ali-Zadeh and Deputy Director Ibrahim Guliev, arranged for personnel to be seconded to the University of South Carolina. The idea here was to see to what extent a quantitative understanding could be achieved of the evolution of the Azerbaijan part of the South Caspian Basin from dynamical, thermal and hydrocarbon perspectives. The Azeris brought with them copious amounts of data collected over decades which, together with the quantitative numerical codes available at USC, enabled a concerted effort to be put forward, culminating in two large books (Evolution of the South Caspian Basin: Geological Risks and Probable Hazards, 675 pps; and The South Caspian Basin: Stratigraphy, Geochemistry, and Risk Analysis, of which were published by the Azerbaijan Academy of 472 pps. ) both Sciences, and also many scientific papers. Thus, over the last four to five years an integrated comprehensive start has been made to understand the hydrocarbon proneness of the South Caspian Basin. In the course of the endeavor to understand the basinal evolution, it became clear that a variety of natural hazards occur in the Basin.

Impact of Natural Hazards on Oil and Gas Extraction

Author : Ian Lerche
Publisher : Springer
ISBN 13 : 9781475730203
Total Pages : 376 pages
Book Rating : 4.7/5 (32 download)

DOWNLOAD NOW!

Book Synopsis Impact of Natural Hazards on Oil and Gas Extraction by : Ian Lerche

Download or read book Impact of Natural Hazards on Oil and Gas Extraction written by Ian Lerche and published by Springer. This book was released on 2014-01-15 with total page 376 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: There exists a broad range of natural hazards, including seismicity, faulting, fracturing, mud volcano eruptions, mud island motion, overpressure and lateral stress. These natural hazards, along with others, affect the exploration and production of hydrocarbons, especially in offshore operations. For each potential hazard, an estimation of their frequencies of occurrence, in addition to a quantitative assessment of the possible consequences, must be made. Impact of Natural Hazards on Oil and Gas Extraction: The South Caspian Basin provides technical details regarding these natural hazards, using the South Caspian Basin as a model. Here, the variation of natural hazards is documented in a geological setting. Accordingly, the scales of possible damage for each situation can be compared, and an understanding provided of the influence each hazard type has on every other.

Crises in Oil, Gas and Petrochemical Industries

Author : Mohammad Reza Rahimpour
Publisher : Elsevier
ISBN 13 : 0323951554
Total Pages : 494 pages
Book Rating : 4.3/5 (239 download)

DOWNLOAD NOW!

Book Synopsis Crises in Oil, Gas and Petrochemical Industries by : Mohammad Reza Rahimpour

Download or read book Crises in Oil, Gas and Petrochemical Industries written by Mohammad Reza Rahimpour and published by Elsevier. This book was released on 2023-07-13 with total page 494 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Crises in Oil, Gas and Petrochemical Industries: Disasters and Environmental Challenges provides an overview of both natural and manmade disasters occurring in oil, gas and petrochemical industries while also covering special solutions based on their types. This volume includes the effects of natural disasters such as earthquakes, floods and hurricanes as well as manmade incidents including fire events, explosions and the release of dust and toxic substances on various related units and plants. In addition, the long-term side effects on both humans and the environment resulted from these industries are presented. Problems such as releasing wastes and venting gases into the environment and challenges from overusing the natural resources and producing noise pollutants are also discussed in detail. Introduces the effects of natural disasters on the oil, gas and petrochemical industries Describes the effect of manmade disasters on oil, gas and petrochemical industries Discusses the long-term side effects of oil, gas and petrochemical units on humans and the environments

Natech Risk Assessment and Management

Author : Elisabeth Krausmann
Publisher : Elsevier
ISBN 13 : 0128038799
Total Pages : 270 pages
Book Rating : 4.1/5 (28 download)

DOWNLOAD NOW!

Book Synopsis Natech Risk Assessment and Management by : Elisabeth Krausmann

Download or read book Natech Risk Assessment and Management written by Elisabeth Krausmann and published by Elsevier. This book was released on 2016-11-01 with total page 270 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Natech Risk Assessment and Management: Reducing the Risk of Natural-Hazard Impact on Hazardous Installations covers the entire spectrum of issues pertinent to Natech risk assessment and management. After a thorough introduction of the topic that includes definitions of terms, authors Krausmann, Cruz, and Salzano discuss various examples of international frameworks and provide a detailed view of the implementation of Natech Risk Management in the EU and OECD. There is a dedicated chapter on natural-hazard prediction and measurement from an engineering perspective, as well as a consideration of the impact of climate change on Natech risk. The authors also discuss selected Natech accidents, including recent examples, and provide specific ‘lessons learned’ from each, as well as an analysis of all essential elements of Natech risk assessment, such as plant layout, substance hazards, and equipment vulnerability. The final section of the book is dedicated to the reduction of Natech risk, including structural and organizational prevention and mitigation measures, as well as early warning issues and emergency foreword planning. Teaches chemical engineers and safety managers how to safeguard chemical processing plants and pipelines against natural disasters Includes international regulations and explains how to conduct a natural hazards risk assessment, both of which are supported by examples and case studies Discusses a broad range of hazards and the multidisciplinary aspects of risk assessment in a detailed and accessible style

Crises in Oil, Gas and Petrochemical Industries

Author : Mohammad Reza Rahimpour
Publisher : Elsevier
ISBN 13 : 0323951643
Total Pages : 438 pages
Book Rating : 4.3/5 (239 download)

DOWNLOAD NOW!

Book Synopsis Crises in Oil, Gas and Petrochemical Industries by : Mohammad Reza Rahimpour

Download or read book Crises in Oil, Gas and Petrochemical Industries written by Mohammad Reza Rahimpour and published by Elsevier. This book was released on 2023-07-13 with total page 438 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Crises in Oil, Gas and Petrochemical Industries: Loss Prevention and Disaster Management, Volume Two provides an overview of both natural and manmade disasters occurring in oil, gas and petrochemical industries and prepares special solutions based on their types. The book focuses on loss prevention and disaster management in petrochemical industries from different points-of-view. Sections review methods for making the apparatus safer and continue with discussions on the process of facing and managing disasters during the occurrence. Final sections cover loss and economic analysis after disasters and methods of reversibility are presented with case studies from around the world. Introduces pre-disaster strategies in oil, gas and petrochemical industries Describes during-disaster strategies in oil, gas and petrochemical industries Discusses post-disaster management methods in oil, gas and petrochemical industries

Traduction de l'extrait du procès verbal, tenu au chateau de Stockholm a l'installation du parlement de Vasa

Author :
Publisher :
ISBN 13 :
Total Pages : pages
Book Rating : 4.:/5 (248 download)

DOWNLOAD NOW!

Book Synopsis Traduction de l'extrait du procès verbal, tenu au chateau de Stockholm a l'installation du parlement de Vasa by :

Download or read book Traduction de l'extrait du procès verbal, tenu au chateau de Stockholm a l'installation du parlement de Vasa written by and published by . This book was released on 1776 with total page pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:

Environmental Impacts of Hydraulic Fracturing

Author : Frank R. Spellman
Publisher : CRC Press
ISBN 13 : 146651468X
Total Pages : 465 pages
Book Rating : 4.4/5 (665 download)

DOWNLOAD NOW!

Book Synopsis Environmental Impacts of Hydraulic Fracturing by : Frank R. Spellman

Download or read book Environmental Impacts of Hydraulic Fracturing written by Frank R. Spellman and published by CRC Press. This book was released on 2012-09-17 with total page 465 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: There is a strong need for innovation and the development of viable renewable energy sources. Recent technological advances now allow natural gas supplies—previously believed inaccessible or nonexistent—to be discovered, mined, and processed for both industrial and consumer use. The technology, a controversial process that is alternatively called hydraulic fracturing, fracking, fracing, or hydrofracking, has greatly expanded natural gas production in the United States. Presenting a balanced discussion, Environmental Impacts of Hydraulic Fracturing is a comprehensive guide to all aspects of hydraulic fracturing used to extract natural gas, along with gas exploration and production in various shale fields. As the use of hydraulic fracturing has grown, concerns about its environmental and public health impacts have also increased—one of the most significant concerns being the fluids that are injected into rock formations to cause the fracturing contain potentially hazardous chemical additives. The book covers all facets of the issue, including ongoing controversies about the environmental and operator safety issues arising from possible water pollution, drinking water contamination, on-the-job safety hazards, and harmful chemical exposure to workers and residents near well areas. The author discusses both the pros and cons of hydraulic fracturing, explaining the process in great detail. He describes the benefits of hydraulic fracturing and its importance in making the United States energy independent by drilling for its own resources, as well as the potential impacts to the surrounding environment. The text also includes suggestions and recommendations on how to mitigate environmental damage. Arguably the first book of its kind, this is the go-to text on the use and impacts of hydraulic fracturing.

Economic Effects of Natural Disasters

Author : Taha Chaiechi
Publisher : Academic Press
ISBN 13 : 0128174668
Total Pages : 665 pages
Book Rating : 4.1/5 (281 download)

DOWNLOAD NOW!

Book Synopsis Economic Effects of Natural Disasters by : Taha Chaiechi

Download or read book Economic Effects of Natural Disasters written by Taha Chaiechi and published by Academic Press. This book was released on 2020-10-16 with total page 665 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Economic Effects of Natural Disasters explores how natural disasters affect sources of economic growth and development. Using theoretical econometrics and real-world data, and drawing on advances in climate change economics, the book shows scholars and researchers how to use various research methods and techniques to investigate and respond to natural disasters. No other book presents empirical frameworks for the evaluation of the quality of macroeconomic research practice with a focus on climate change and natural disasters. Because many of these subjects are so large, different regions of the world use different approaches, hence this resource presents tailored economic applications and evidence. Connects economic theories and empirical work in climate change to natural disaster research Shows how advances in climate change and natural disaster research can be implemented in micro- and macroeconomic simulation models Addresses structural changes in countries afflicted by climate change and natural disasters

The Impact of Oil and Gas Extraction on Infant Health

Author : Elaine Lawren Hill
Publisher :
ISBN 13 :
Total Pages : 0 pages
Book Rating : 4.:/5 (135 download)

DOWNLOAD NOW!

Book Synopsis The Impact of Oil and Gas Extraction on Infant Health by : Elaine Lawren Hill

Download or read book The Impact of Oil and Gas Extraction on Infant Health written by Elaine Lawren Hill and published by . This book was released on 2022 with total page 0 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The benefits and costs of resource extraction are currently being hotly debated in the case of unconventional natural gas development (commonly known as "fracking"). Colorado provides a unique research environment to study the health impacts of conventional and unconventional forms of oil and gas development (OGD) given its long history of conventional OGD and recent expansion of unconventional OGD. I utilize detailed vital statistics and the mother's residential address to define proximity to drilling activity. Using a difference-in-differences model that compares mothers residing within 1 km to mothers residing 1 - 5 km of a well (before and during/after drilling), I find that proximity to wells before birth increases adverse birth outcomes and pregnancy-related complications. I find impacts on the extensive and intensive margins and across well types. I also present results suggesting no impacts on fertility or mobility. These results are robust to multiple specifications and suggest that policies to mitigate against the risks of living near OGD may be warranted.

Fracking and the Environment

Author : Daniel J. Soeder
Publisher : Springer Nature
ISBN 13 : 3030591212
Total Pages : 293 pages
Book Rating : 4.0/5 (35 download)

DOWNLOAD NOW!

Book Synopsis Fracking and the Environment by : Daniel J. Soeder

Download or read book Fracking and the Environment written by Daniel J. Soeder and published by Springer Nature. This book was released on 2020-11-11 with total page 293 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This book provides a systematic scientific approach to the understanding of hydraulic fracturing (fracking) as a hydrocarbon extraction technology and its impact on the environment. The book addresses research from the past decade to assess how fracking can affect air, water, landscapes and ecosystems, and presents the subject in the context of the history of fracking and shale gas development in the United States, describing what is known and not known about environmental impacts, and the broader implications of fossil energy use, climate change, and technology development. In 9 chapters, the author lays out how and why hydraulic fracturing was developed, what driving forces existed at the beginning of the so-called "shale revolution", how success was achieved, and when and why public acceptance of the technology changed. The intended audience is scientific people who are concerned about fracking, but perhaps do not know all that much about it. It is also intended for lay people who would be interested in understanding the technical details of the process and what effects it might or might not be having on the environment. The book is written at a level that is both understandable and technically correct. A further goal is to give some useful insights even to experienced petroleum geologists and engineers who have been doing fracking for many years.

Deepwater Horizon Oil Spill Disaster

Author : Rawle O. King
Publisher : DIANE Publishing
ISBN 13 : 1437937101
Total Pages : 24 pages
Book Rating : 4.4/5 (379 download)

DOWNLOAD NOW!

Book Synopsis Deepwater Horizon Oil Spill Disaster by : Rawle O. King

Download or read book Deepwater Horizon Oil Spill Disaster written by Rawle O. King and published by DIANE Publishing. This book was released on 2010-11 with total page 24 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The April 2010 Deepwater Horizon oil spill disaster in the Gulf of Mexico was the largest spill to have occurred in U.S. waters. The scale of clean-up costs and third-party damages has prompted congressional review of clean-up and damage compensation mechanisms, as well as of ways to facilitate future oil spill prevention, response, and recovery. A key element is the role of insurance in ensuring that costs of spills can be financed. Contents of this report: (1) Intro.; (2) The Deepwater Horizon Oil Spill Incident; (3) The Offshore Energy Exploration and Production Business: Risk Management and the Demand for Insurance; (4) Offshore Energy Insurance Market; (5) Compensating Oil Pollution Victims; (6) Policy Issues. Illus.

Oil in the Sea III

Author : National Research Council
Publisher : National Academies Press
ISBN 13 : 0309084385
Total Pages : 278 pages
Book Rating : 4.3/5 (9 download)

DOWNLOAD NOW!

Book Synopsis Oil in the Sea III by : National Research Council

Download or read book Oil in the Sea III written by National Research Council and published by National Academies Press. This book was released on 2003-03-14 with total page 278 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Since the early 1970s, experts have recognized that petroleum pollutants were being discharged in marine waters worldwide, from oil spills, vessel operations, and land-based sources. Public attention to oil spills has forced improvements. Still, a considerable amount of oil is discharged yearly into sensitive coastal environments. Oil in the Sea provides the best available estimate of oil pollutant discharge into marine waters, including an evaluation of the methods for assessing petroleum load and a discussion about the concerns these loads represent. Featuring close-up looks at the Exxon Valdez spill and other notable events, the book identifies important research questions and makes recommendations for better analysis ofâ€"and more effective measures againstâ€"pollutant discharge. The book discusses: Inputâ€"where the discharges come from, including the role of two-stroke engines used on recreational craft. Behavior or fateâ€"how oil is affected by processes such as evaporation as it moves through the marine environment. Effectsâ€"what we know about the effects of petroleum hydrocarbons on marine organisms and ecosystems. Providing a needed update on a problem of international importance, this book will be of interest to energy policy makers, industry officials and managers, engineers and researchers, and advocates for the marine environment.

The Impact of Oil and Gas Extraction on Infant Health

Author : Elaine L. Hill
Publisher :
ISBN 13 :
Total Pages : 0 pages
Book Rating : 4.:/5 (135 download)

DOWNLOAD NOW!

Book Synopsis The Impact of Oil and Gas Extraction on Infant Health by : Elaine L. Hill

Download or read book The Impact of Oil and Gas Extraction on Infant Health written by Elaine L. Hill and published by . This book was released on 2022 with total page 0 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The benefits and costs of resource extraction are currently being hotly debated in the case of shale gas development (commonly known as "fracking"). Colorado provides a unique research environment given its long history of conventional oil and gas extraction and, most recently, shale gas development. To define exposure, I utilize detailed vital statistics and mother's residential address to define close proximity to drilling activity. Using a difference-in-differences model that compares mothers residing within 1 km of a wellhead versus 1-5 km, I find that proximity to wells reduces birth weight and gestation length on average and increases the prevalence of low birth weight and premature birth. I also find an increase in gestational diabetes and hypertension for mothers living near wells. These results are robust to multiple specifications and suggest that policies to mitigate against the risks of living near oil and gas development may be warranted.

Strategic Advances in Environmental Impact Assessment

Author : Afsoon Moatari Kazerouni
Publisher :
ISBN 13 : 9781536144345
Total Pages : 278 pages
Book Rating : 4.1/5 (443 download)

DOWNLOAD NOW!

Book Synopsis Strategic Advances in Environmental Impact Assessment by : Afsoon Moatari Kazerouni

Download or read book Strategic Advances in Environmental Impact Assessment written by Afsoon Moatari Kazerouni and published by . This book was released on 2019 with total page 278 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Shale gas is natural gas that is tightly locked within low permeability sedimentary rock. Recent technological advances are making shale gas reserves increasingly accessible and their recovery more economically feasible. This resource is already being exploited in South Africa, China, the United States and Canada. Shale gas is being produced in large volumes, and will likely be developed in coming years on every continent except Antarctica. Depending on factors such as future natural gas prices and government regulations, further development of shale gas resources could potentially span many decades and involve the drilling of tens of thousands of hydraulically fractured horizontal wells.This development is changing long-held expectations about oil and gas resource availability; several observers have characterized it as a game changer. Abundant, close to major markets, and relatively inexpensive to produce, shale gas represents a major new source of fossil energy. However, the rapid expansion of shale gas development over the past decade has occurred without a corresponding investment in monitoring and research addressing the impacts on the environment, public health, and communities. The primary concerns are the degradation of the quality of groundwater and surface water (including the safe disposal of large volumes of wastewater); the risk of increased greenhouse gas (GHG) emissions (including fugitive methane emissions during and after production), thus exacerbating anthropogenic climate change; disruptive effects on communities and land; and adverse effects on to human health. Other concerns include the local release of air contaminants and the potential for triggering small- to moderate-sized earthquakes in seismically active areas. These concerns will vary by region. The shale gas regions can be found near urban areas, presenting a large diversity in their geology, hydrology, land uses, and population density. The phrase environmental impacts from shale gas development masks many regional differences that are essential to understanding these impacts.

Emergency Response Management of Offshore Oil Spills

Author : Nicholas P. Cheremisinoff
Publisher : John Wiley & Sons
ISBN 13 : 1118011716
Total Pages : 548 pages
Book Rating : 4.1/5 (18 download)

DOWNLOAD NOW!

Book Synopsis Emergency Response Management of Offshore Oil Spills by : Nicholas P. Cheremisinoff

Download or read book Emergency Response Management of Offshore Oil Spills written by Nicholas P. Cheremisinoff and published by John Wiley & Sons. This book was released on 2010-12-28 with total page 548 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: EMERGENCY RESPONSE MANAGEMENT OF OFFSHORE Examines the Deepwater Horizon disaster and offers processes for safety and environmental protection Though renewable energy is a growing piece of the energy “pie,” fossil fuels still dominate our energy supplies and will continue to do so for decades. This makes offshore drilling, especially in places like the Gulf of Mexico and North Sea, extremely important for the future of the world’s energy supply. Unfortunately, the world has been witnessing, over and over again, accidents, deadly explosions, spills, and environmental disasters that could have been avoided with proper safety and environmental processes put in place. The Deepwater Horizon catastrophe is the largest offshore oil spill in U.S. history and an ecological nightmare of epic proportions. Emergency Response Management of Offshore Oil Spills aids in the response of this and future disasters by providing this handy reference volume for engineers, managers, and other emergency responders. This timely publication outlines the toxic nature of crude oil, covering properties of crude oil, chemical composition, toxicity to humans and marine life, and investigates the impact of oil spills from historical case studies. The current arsenals available to address oil spills, such as dispersants, absorbing booms, skimming, and other methods, are also discussed. Technologies that are rapidly being developed to address the Gulf Oil Spill are considered, along with extensive information on chemical protective clothing, air monitoring, respiratory protection, management of waste, and much more. The book concludes with a chapter discussing responsible care and takes a critical look at the reasons why the Deepwater Horizon rig catastrophe happened and examines the follow-up that ensued after the incident. Emergency Response Management of Offshore Oil Spills provides: Examples of 26 major oil spills ranked from largest to smallest, describing each incident and the amount of oil spilled Recommendations and guidance on proper air monitoring methods Suggestions related to protective garments such as respirators Comparative product information on chemical dispersants, shoreline bleaching and cleaning chemicals Detailed toxicity data for humans and marine life Discussions in the areas of deficiencies in responding to spills and why the oil industry needs to be more responsive to developing technologies Hazardous materials protocols, including OSHA- and EPA- recommended safe work practices for dealing with hazardous materials

The Exxon Valdez Disaster

Author : J. Steven Picou
Publisher :
ISBN 13 :
Total Pages : 364 pages
Book Rating : 4.3/5 ( download)

DOWNLOAD NOW!

Book Synopsis The Exxon Valdez Disaster by : J. Steven Picou

Download or read book The Exxon Valdez Disaster written by J. Steven Picou and published by . This book was released on 1997 with total page 364 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The development of this volume reflects the collective research interests of the editors over the last seven years on the Exxon disaster in Alaska.... [Their] primary objective in compiling this volume was to provide a general introduction to the social problem of technological disasters in terms of a case study of the largest oil spill in North American history, the 1989 Exxon Valdez oil spill.... [They] have used a number of these articles as required readings in courses such as social problems, environmental sociology, sociology of disasters, human ecology, the community, and environmental economics. Those reprinted in this text proved to be both informative and interesting to a broad cross-section of students from undergraduate to graduate.... This volume will be of interest to researchers and a broad spectrum of the general public. -Pref.

Environmental Impacts of Shale Gas Extraction in Canada

Author : The Expert Panel on Harnessing Science and Technology to Understand the Environmental Impacts of Shale Gas Extraction
Publisher : Council of CanadianAcademies
ISBN 13 : 1926558782
Total Pages : 292 pages
Book Rating : 4.9/5 (265 download)

DOWNLOAD NOW!

Book Synopsis Environmental Impacts of Shale Gas Extraction in Canada by : The Expert Panel on Harnessing Science and Technology to Understand the Environmental Impacts of Shale Gas Extraction

Download or read book Environmental Impacts of Shale Gas Extraction in Canada written by The Expert Panel on Harnessing Science and Technology to Understand the Environmental Impacts of Shale Gas Extraction and published by Council of CanadianAcademies. This book was released on 2014-05-01 with total page 292 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This report comes at the request of Environment Canada, which asked the Council to assemble a multidisciplinary expert panel to consider the state of knowledge of potential environmental impacts from the exploration, extraction, and development of Canada’s shale gas resources. The Council’s report presents a comprehensive examination of shale gas development in Canada. It does not, however, determine the safety, nor the economic benefits, of development. It reviews the use of new and conventional technologies in shale gas extraction, and examines several issues of concern including potential impacts on surface water and groundwater, greenhouse gas emissions, cumulative land disturbance, and human health. The report also outlines approaches for monitoring and research, as well as mitigation and management strategies.