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Imf Staff Papers Volume 43 No 1
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Author :International Monetary Fund. Research Dept. Publisher :International Monetary Fund ISBN 13 :1451957092 Total Pages :268 pages Book Rating :4.4/5 (519 download)
Book Synopsis IMF Staff papers, Volume 43 No. 1 by : International Monetary Fund. Research Dept.
Download or read book IMF Staff papers, Volume 43 No. 1 written by International Monetary Fund. Research Dept. and published by International Monetary Fund. This book was released on 1996-01-01 with total page 268 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This paper extends a standard growth model and obtains consistent panel data estimates of the growth retarding effects of military spending via its adverse impact on capital formation and resource allocation. Simulation experiments suggest that a substantial long-term “peace dividend”—in the form of higher capacity output—may result from markedly lower military expenditure levels achieved in most regions during the late 1980s, and the further military spending cuts that would be possible if global peace could be secured.
Author :International Monetary Fund. Research Dept. Publisher :International Monetary Fund ISBN 13 :1451930933 Total Pages :212 pages Book Rating :4.4/5 (519 download)
Book Synopsis IMF Staff papers by : International Monetary Fund. Research Dept.
Download or read book IMF Staff papers written by International Monetary Fund. Research Dept. and published by International Monetary Fund. This book was released on 1996-01-01 with total page 212 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This paper reviews recent theoretical and empirical work on controls over International capital movements. Theoretical contributions reviewed focus on “second-best “ arguments for capital market restrictions, as well as arguments based on multiple equilibria. The empirical literature suggests that controls have been “effective “ in the narrow sense of influencing yield differentials. But there is little evidence that controls have helped governments meet policy objectives, with the exception of reducing the governments’ debt-service costs, and no evidence that controls have enhanced economic welfare in a manner suggested by theory.
Author :International Monetary Fund. Research Dept. Publisher :International Monetary Fund ISBN 13 :1451973446 Total Pages :188 pages Book Rating :4.4/5 (519 download)
Book Synopsis IMF Staff papers, Volume 43 No. 3 by : International Monetary Fund. Research Dept.
Download or read book IMF Staff papers, Volume 43 No. 3 written by International Monetary Fund. Research Dept. and published by International Monetary Fund. This book was released on 1996-01-01 with total page 188 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This paper examines the volatility and predictability of emerging stock markets. A range of measures suggests that, despite perceptions to the contrary, the volatility of emerging markets may have fallen rather than risen on average. Also, although the autocorrelations in emerging market returns appear to turn negative at horizons of a year or more, the magnitude of these return reversals is not that much larger than reversals in some mature markets. One interpretation of the results would be that emerging markets have not consistently been subject to fads or bubbles, or at least no more so than in some industrial countries.
Author :International Monetary Fund. Research Dept. Publisher :International Monetary Fund ISBN 13 :1451956223 Total Pages :211 pages Book Rating :4.4/5 (519 download)
Book Synopsis IMF Staff papers by : International Monetary Fund. Research Dept.
Download or read book IMF Staff papers written by International Monetary Fund. Research Dept. and published by International Monetary Fund. This book was released on 1987 with total page 211 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: An earlier version of this paper was presented to a conference on the topic “Is the Business Cycle Obsolete?” organized by the Social Science Research Council and held in London, England, on April 3–7, 1967.
Author :International Monetary Fund. Research Dept. Publisher :INTERNATIONAL MONETARY FUND ISBN 13 :9781463915476 Total Pages :194 pages Book Rating :4.9/5 (154 download)
Book Synopsis IMF Staff papers by : International Monetary Fund. Research Dept.
Download or read book IMF Staff papers written by International Monetary Fund. Research Dept. and published by INTERNATIONAL MONETARY FUND. This book was released on 1987-01-01 with total page 194 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Book Synopsis IMF Staff Papers, Volume 50, No. 1 by : Mr.Robert P. Flood
Download or read book IMF Staff Papers, Volume 50, No. 1 written by Mr.Robert P. Flood and published by International Monetary Fund. This book was released on 2003-04-17 with total page 168 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Forty years ago, Marcus Fleming and Robert Mundell developed independent models of macroeconomic policy in open economies. Why do we link the two, and why do we call the result the Mundell-Fleming, rather than Fieming-Mundell model?
Author :International Monetary Fund. Research Dept. Publisher :International Monetary Fund ISBN 13 :1451957033 Total Pages :181 pages Book Rating :4.4/5 (519 download)
Book Synopsis IMF Staff papers, Volume 41 No. 1 by : International Monetary Fund. Research Dept.
Download or read book IMF Staff papers, Volume 41 No. 1 written by International Monetary Fund. Research Dept. and published by International Monetary Fund. This book was released on 1994-01-01 with total page 181 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This paper examines effects of economic growth and speed of adjustment on openness, human development, and fiscal policies. The model developed in this paper postulates that learning through experience raises labor productivity with three major consequences. First, the steady-state growth rate of output becomes endogenous and is influenced by government policies. Second, the speed of adjustment to steady-state growth increases and enhanced learning further reduces adjustment time. Third, both steady-state growth and the optimal net rate of return to capital are higher than the sum of the exogenous rates of technical change and population growth.
Author :International Monetary Fund. Research Dept. Publisher :International Monetary Fund ISBN 13 :9781589064195 Total Pages :156 pages Book Rating :4.0/5 (641 download)
Book Synopsis IMF Staff Papers, Volume 52, No. 1 by : International Monetary Fund. Research Dept.
Download or read book IMF Staff Papers, Volume 52, No. 1 written by International Monetary Fund. Research Dept. and published by International Monetary Fund. This book was released on 2005-04-18 with total page 156 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This first issue of IMF Staff Papers for 2005 contains 7 papers that discuss: whether output recovered after the Asian crisis; the value of a country's trading partners to its own economic growth; whether interdependence is a factor in understanding the spread of currency crises; can remittance payments from expatriates be a reliable source of capital for economic development?; total factor productivity; designing a VAT for the energy trade in Russia and Ukraine; and lastly, a discussion of the reasons for central bank intervention in ERM-I since 1993
Author :International Monetary Fund. Research Dept. Publisher :International Monetary Fund ISBN 13 :1451968590 Total Pages :180 pages Book Rating :4.4/5 (519 download)
Book Synopsis IMF Staff papers by : International Monetary Fund. Research Dept.
Download or read book IMF Staff papers written by International Monetary Fund. Research Dept. and published by International Monetary Fund. This book was released on 1957-01-01 with total page 180 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The purpose of this paper is to bring monetary events, monetary data, and monetary problems within the framework of income analysis. The study tries to bridge gaps between: the views widely held on the relation between financial policies and payments questions; and the analytical tools used to explain payments developments. The failure to accommodate monetary factors in the analysis probably becomes most evident when questions are raised concerning the effects of specified monetary changes on income or on the balance of payments. The tools used in the economic analysis of situations are necessarily simplifications of a more general economic theory—simplifications which bring into focus the factors that seem most important in the classes of situation studied. The decision to treat domestic credit expansion as an autonomous variable is dictated by the purposes of the analysis. As statistically measured, credit expansion is a net concept, the difference between credit outstanding at the end and at the beginning of a period. Part of the repayments that occur during a period may be caused by new loans granted during this or a preceding period.
Author :International Monetary Fund. Research Dept. Publisher :International Monetary Fund ISBN 13 :1589067223 Total Pages :220 pages Book Rating :4.5/5 (89 download)
Book Synopsis IMF Staff Papers, Volume 55, No. 1 by : International Monetary Fund. Research Dept.
Download or read book IMF Staff Papers, Volume 55, No. 1 written by International Monetary Fund. Research Dept. and published by International Monetary Fund. This book was released on 2008-06-18 with total page 220 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: In this issue, a team of economists look at approaches to modeling the use of IMF resources in order to gauge whether the recent decline in credit outstanding is a temporary or permanent phenomenon. Era Dabla-Norris and Gabriela Inchauste examine what drives the growth of firms, with a focus on informality and regulations. Evan Tanner and Issouf Samake use a vector autoregression approach to examine the probabilistic sustainability of public debt in Brazil. Mexico, and Turkey. And Rachel Glennerster and Yongseok Shin ask whether transparency pays?that is, does the frequency and accuracy of macroeconomic information released to the public lead to lower borrowing costs in sovereign debt markets?
Author :International Monetary Fund. Research Dept. Publisher :International Monetary Fund ISBN 13 :1451956576 Total Pages :266 pages Book Rating :4.4/5 (519 download)
Book Synopsis IMF Staff papers by : International Monetary Fund. Research Dept.
Download or read book IMF Staff papers written by International Monetary Fund. Research Dept. and published by International Monetary Fund. This book was released on 1981-01-01 with total page 266 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The purpose of this paper is to formulate a model for developing countries that allows output, prices, international reserves, money, and government taxing and expenditure policies to be determined simultaneously. The model developed, which stresses the key role of monetary disequilibrium, is a formal representation of the theory underlying stabilization programs, including those devised by the IMF, that are implemented to combat the twin problems of inflation and an adverse balance of payments. Programs designed to achieve rapid results on the balance of payments via sharp deflation are likely to have significant and undesirable effects on output, employment, and factor incomes, particularly in the short run. Thus, the program may impose an excessive burden on a typical developing country both because incomes are already near the subsistence level and because the employment effect is likely to fall disproportionately on the fledgling industrial sector.
Author :International Monetary Fund. Research Dept. Publisher :International Monetary Fund ISBN 13 :1451959990 Total Pages :184 pages Book Rating :4.4/5 (519 download)
Book Synopsis IMF Staff Papers by : International Monetary Fund. Research Dept.
Download or read book IMF Staff Papers written by International Monetary Fund. Research Dept. and published by International Monetary Fund. This book was released on 1950-01-01 with total page 184 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This paper highlights various problems and policies related to latent inflation. Disappointment will undoubtedly be widespread if, after 10 years of inflation control, latent inflation is permitted to become active and there is a considerable rise in prices. It is not unlikely that some governments will feel they simply cannot accept such a policy. However, the prospect of wiping out or working off latent inflation in any moderate period is very slight. There is every reason to deal with the latent inflation as far as possible by absorbing it through taxation and by measures to reduce liquidity. At the same time, with increased output it should be possible to work off part of the latent inflation. Even if it becomes generally recognized that all or most of such inflation cannot be wiped out or worked off, its immediate activation may be unwise. At some stage soon, governments must face the difficulties presented by latent inflation and recognize that a comprehensive program for dealing with it must be put into effect. Unless such programs are adopted, there can be no great confidence that international payments problems can be solved simply by imposing more rigorous and more extensive controls.
Author :International Monetary Fund. Research Dept. Publisher :International Monetary Fund ISBN 13 :1451956770 Total Pages :228 pages Book Rating :4.4/5 (519 download)
Book Synopsis IMF Staff papers by : International Monetary Fund. Research Dept.
Download or read book IMF Staff papers written by International Monetary Fund. Research Dept. and published by International Monetary Fund. This book was released on 1988-01-01 with total page 228 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: A central proposition regarding effects of different mechanisms of fi-nancing public expenditures is that, under specific circumstances, it makes no difference to the level of aggregate demand if the government finances its outlays by debt or taxation. This so-called Ricardian equivalence states that, for a given expenditure path, substitution of debt for taxes does not affect private sector wealth and consumption. This paper provides a model illustrating the implications of Ricardian equivalence, surveys the litera-ture, considers effects of relaxing the basic assumptions, provides a frame-work to study implications of various extensions, and critically reviews recent empirical work on Ricardian equivalence.
Author :International Monetary Fund. Research Dept. Publisher :International Monetary Fund ISBN 13 :1451957068 Total Pages :244 pages Book Rating :4.4/5 (519 download)
Book Synopsis IMF Staff papers by : International Monetary Fund. Research Dept.
Download or read book IMF Staff papers written by International Monetary Fund. Research Dept. and published by International Monetary Fund. This book was released on 1995-01-01 with total page 244 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This paper provides a critical survey of the literature on politico-institutional determinants of the government budget. We organize our discussion around two questions: Why did certain OECD countries, but not others, accumulate large public debts? Why did these fiscal imbalances appear in the last twenty years rather than sooner? We begin by discussing the “tax smoothing” model and conclude that this approach alone cannot provide complete answers to these questions. We then proceed to a discussion of political economy models, which we organize into six groups: (1) models based upon opportunistic policy makers and naive voters with “fiscal illusion”; (2) models of intergenerational redistributions; (3) models of debt as a strategic variable, linking the current government with the next one; (4) models of coalition governments; (5) models of geographically dispersed interests; and (6) models emphasizing the effects of budgetary institutions. We conclude by briefly discussing policy implications.
Author :International Monetary Fund. Research Dept. Publisher :International Monetary Fund ISBN 13 :1455274429 Total Pages :208 pages Book Rating :4.4/5 (552 download)
Book Synopsis IMF Staff papers by : International Monetary Fund. Research Dept.
Download or read book IMF Staff papers written by International Monetary Fund. Research Dept. and published by International Monetary Fund. This book was released on 1996-01-01 with total page 208 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This paper examines the role of the labor market in the transmission process of adjustment policies in developing countries. It begins by reviewing the recent evidence regarding the functioning of these markets. It then studies the implications of wage inertia, nominal contracts, labor market segmentation, and impediments to labor mobility for stabilization policies. The effect of labor market reforms on the flexibility of the labor market and the evidence regarding the wage and employment effects of trade reform are discussed next. The last part of the paper identifies a variety of issues that may require further investigation.
Author :International Monetary Fund. Research Dept. Publisher :International Monetary Fund ISBN 13 :1451956304 Total Pages :235 pages Book Rating :4.4/5 (519 download)
Book Synopsis IMF Staff papers by : International Monetary Fund. Research Dept.
Download or read book IMF Staff papers written by International Monetary Fund. Research Dept. and published by International Monetary Fund. This book was released on 1971-01-01 with total page 235 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This paper focuses on the IMF’s credit policy and the balance of payments. The attempts at simplicity in the construction of the IMF's models have necessarily involved recognizing the fact that models for different types of countries had to bring out different main features. In models for developing countries it was reasonable to assume that there was little organized capital market, that credit was rationed, that holdings of money were predominantly transactions balances and insensitive to interest rates, that capital flows were largely autonomous, and that the money supply tended to respond to the overseas balance. The simplification involved in the model fails to reflect some important features of economies with highly developed financial markets. The model, although it contains the major behavioral features to be found in macro models of the industrial countries, nevertheless lacks several refinements. The long-run effects on income of increases in exports or net capital inflows are identical in the two models, where imports must rise in equilibrium to match the increase in foreign receipts.
Author :International Monetary Fund. Research Dept. Publisher :International Monetary Fund ISBN 13 :1451949324 Total Pages :187 pages Book Rating :4.4/5 (519 download)
Book Synopsis IMF Staff Papers by : International Monetary Fund. Research Dept.
Download or read book IMF Staff Papers written by International Monetary Fund. Research Dept. and published by International Monetary Fund. This book was released on 1951-01-01 with total page 187 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This paper discusses that the governments of forty-nine countries have accepted the Articles of Agreement of the IMF. They have accepted the Agreement on their own behalf and in respect of all their colonies, overseas territories, all territories under their protection, suzerainty, or authority and all territories in respect of which they exercise a mandate. Although the concept of a fixed par value and of rates of exchange based on it is of fundamental importance under the Articles of Agreement, provision is also made for the retention, adaptation and introduction of multiple currency practices in certain circumstances. Courts are frequently called upon to decide at what rate of exchange one currency shall be translated into another. The courts of many countries have been faced, both before and after the coming into force of the IMF Agreement, with the problem whether they should recognize the effect of the exchange control regulations of other countries.
