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Author :
Publisher : DIANE Publishing
ISBN 13 : 1437932738
Total Pages : 68 pages
Book Rating : 4.4/5 (379 download)
Download or read book Identifying Behaviors and Situations Associated with Increased Crash Risk for Older Drivers written by and published by DIANE Publishing. This book was released on with total page 68 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Author : Jane C. Stutts
Publisher :
ISBN 13 :
Total Pages : 56 pages
Book Rating : 4.:/5 (433 download)
Download or read book Identifying Behaviors and Situations Associated with Increased Crash Risk for Older Drivers written by Jane C. Stutts and published by . This book was released on 2009 with total page 56 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This report reviews published literature and analyzes the most recent Fatality Analysis Reporting System (FARS) and National Automotive Sampling System (NASS)/General Estimates System (GES) data to identify specific driving behaviors (performance errors), and combinations of driver, vehicle, and roadway/environmental characteristics associated with increased crash involvement by older drivers. The analyses reveal, in considerable detail, the contemporary (2002-2006) crash experience of older drivers on streets and highways in the United States. The over- and under-involvement of drivers ages 60-69, 70-79, and 80+ in various crash types has been highlighted through tabular summaries, graphs, and accompanying discussion. For subsets of the two-vehicle crash data within each national database, crash involvement ratios based on comparisons of at-fault to not-at-fault drivers within groups of drivers from 20 to 80 and older, segregated in 10-year cohorts, provide further exposure-adjusted estimates of the magnitude of particular risk factors.
Author : Abdulaziz Hebni Alshehri
Publisher :
ISBN 13 :
Total Pages : 0 pages
Book Rating : 4.:/5 (14 download)
Download or read book Analysis of Risk Factors Associated with Fatal Intersection Crashes Involving Older Drivers in the Midwest written by Abdulaziz Hebni Alshehri and published by . This book was released on 2022 with total page 0 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Motor vehicles are the primary source of transportation in the United States. While this is true for any age group, the older population tend to rely more heavily on automobiles because of easy access and availability, compared to public transportation even when it is available. Older drivers aged 65 years and older are more vulnerable to fatal crashes due to cognitive impairments and frailty. When older drivers are involved in crashes, they sustain higher injury severities compared to younger drivers. One location where older driver experience higher crash risk is intersection, due to the complexity of the situation involving multiple tasks and movements. The objectives of this study were to determine risk factors associated with intersection-related crashes involving older drivers in the Midwestern states and to provide countermeasure ideas to improve safety. Five-year fatal crash data from 2014 to 2018 from the Fatality Analysis Reporting System (FARS) database were utilized, and statistical analysis was carried out to identify characteristics of fatal crashes involving older drivers and risk factors associated with intersection crashes among this age group. Three separate binary logistic regression models were developed to identify statistically significant predictor variables. First model represents older drivers who are involved in fatal single-vehicle crashes. Second model represents fatal multi-vehicle crashes involving at least one older driver, whereas the third model represents fatal single-vehicle crashes involving drivers younger than 65 years for comparison purposes. The dependent variable is whether a fatal crash occurs at an intersection location or not. Many independent variables that include various crash, driver, vehicle, and environmental factors were considered. By considering a 95 percent confidence level, odds ratios were estimated and used to identify relative risk factors of fatal intersection crashes. Analysis showed that controlled intersections, two-way undivided highways, and roads with posted speed limits less than 55 mph increased the risk of fatal single-vehicle and multi-vehicle crashes for older drivers. Fatal single-vehicle crashes were especially prevalent for these drivers. Factors such as urban roadways, driver age older than 75 years, nighttime driving, and speeding increased the risk of single-vehicle fatal intersection crashes, while turning movements and intersecting paths, straight and level roadways, two-lanes highway, and violation of roadway rules increased the risk of multi-vehicle fatal intersection crashes for older drivers. Single-vehicle fatal intersection crash analysis also showed that controlled intersections, two-way undivided highways, roads with posted speed limits less than 55 mph, urban roadways, speeding, nighttime driving, and fixed objects increased the risk of intersection-related fatal single-vehicle crashes, especially for older drivers. However, factors such as straight and level roadways, impaired driving, driver obesity, and the operation of recreation vehicles, buses, or motorcycles increased the risk of single-vehicle fatal intersection crashes for drivers in other age categories. Based on model results, countermeasure ideas to improve the safety of older drivers at intersections as well as other road users were identified. Among suggested ideas, improving intersections designs to accommodate older driver needs is recommended, such as implementing roundabouts when it is appropriate, reach minimum of 75-degree skew angel at intersection, providing protected left turn signals, flashing yellow arrow, restricted crossing U-turn, median U-turn, using rumble stripes along the side of roadway and median, providing transverse rumble strips (TRS) at intersections, improving roadway lighting, signs and markings at intersections and interchanges, implementing roadway diet, enhancing roadway signs and retroreflective delineation, providing cable, guardrail, or concrete barriers, implementing continuous raised-curb medians, enhancing lane drop marking on interchanges, providing acceleration and deceleration lane for merging and diverging locations, providing fixed or portable changeable message signs, enhancing high friction surface treatments on risk prone locations, increasing contrast markings on concrete pavement. Beside the engineering countermeasures, using newer vehicles that equipped with many safety features is advisable to enhance older and other drivers' safety. In addition, older driver license renewal may be modified to be required yearly to overcome early signs of fatigue or cognitive decline to reduce fatal crash risks and enhance safety. Therefore, the results and suggested countermeasures can provide guidance to improve safety of older drivers and other road users.
Author : William E. Madsen
Publisher :
ISBN 13 : 9781612093482
Total Pages : 0 pages
Book Rating : 4.0/5 (934 download)
Download or read book Crash Risks and Safety Issues Among Older Drivers written by William E. Madsen and published by . This book was released on 2011 with total page 0 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This book examines driver, vehicle, roadway and environmental characteristics associated with increased crash involvement by older drivers. Project activities were designed to prioritise the situations causing problems for older drivers based on the magnitude of the crash problem, older driver's degree of over-representation, the likelihood of serious injury, or other criteria of interest. The resulting list of the most problematic situations frame further discussions of how age-related functional decline can mediate increased crash risk for older drivers, and hopefully, point to potential countermeasures for lowering this risk.
Author : Hewage Loshaka Kumara Perera
Publisher :
ISBN 13 :
Total Pages : pages
Book Rating : 4.:/5 (317 download)
Download or read book An Analysis of Older-driver Involvement in Crashes and Injury Severity in Kansas written by Hewage Loshaka Kumara Perera and published by . This book was released on 2009 with total page pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The older population (>65 years) numbered 36.8 million in the United States in 2005. By 2030, the number is estimated to be 71.5 million, almost twice as many. An increase in the older population means an increase in older drivers as well. As a result of the natural aging process, the possibility of older drivers being involved in crashes and sustaining severe injuries increases, according to past findings. The objective of this study was to identify characteristics of older drivers involved in crashes in Kansas as well as associated safety issues, which can be used to suggest potential countermeasures for improving safety. A detailed characteristic analysis was carried out for older, middle-aged, and younger drivers involved in crashes, using crash data obtained from the Kansas Department of Transportation, and comparisons were made among the groups. However, the characteristic analysis had no basis with regard to injury severity and hence, univariate statistical analysis was carried out to highlight these severities. In addition, a survey was conducted focusing on identifying older-driver behaviors, potential problems, and level of exposure to various conditions. From the severity analysis, it was found that injury severity of older drivers in crashes occurring on rural roads was significantly higher compared to those on urban roads. Therefore, a detailed analysis was carried out using the decomposition method and ordered probit modeling to identify contributing factors leading to the situation. According to the findings, the number of older male drivers involved in crashes was higher compared to older female drivers, even though older driver licensees' data indicate the opposite. Most of the older-driver-involved crashes occurred under good environmental conditions and at intersections. A majority of older drivers had difficulties associated with left- turn maneuvering and preferred to avoid high-traffic roads and other demanding conditions. Exposure to inclement weather conditions and difficulties associated with merging, diverging, and identifying speeds and distance of oncoming traffic have lead to higher crash propensity. In rural areas, driving in the wrong direction, failing to comply with traffic signs and signals, and speeding were identified as frequent contributing factors in high severe crashes.
Author :
Publisher :
ISBN 13 :
Total Pages : 2 pages
Book Rating : 4.:/5 (694 download)
Download or read book Identifying Situations Associated with Older Drivers' Crashes written by and published by . This book was released on 2009 with total page 2 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Author : J. Peter Rothe
Publisher : Routledge
ISBN 13 : 100068007X
Total Pages : 442 pages
Book Rating : 4.0/5 (6 download)
Download or read book The Safety of Elderly Drivers written by J. Peter Rothe and published by Routledge. This book was released on 2020-03-12 with total page 442 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: By the turn of the century, the elderly will comprise about 20 percent of the population in North America, and 28 percent of those who drive. Place this percentage in high-powered automobiles, and the need for planning and policy development becomes evident. Most standard research on elderly drivers has not gone beyond gathering data on specific situations or characteristics. This book rises beyond simple statistical presentation. It blends sociological insight with statistical detail to produce an absorbing description of the elderly drivers' daily lives, driving styles, experiences with accident and injury, social relationships, and life aspirations. It also describes areas of neglect: imagined and real health problems, driving exposure and traffic violations, accidents, and loss of self-esteem. It presents In-depth accounts of the trauma of loss of license and the Importance of the automobile for sustaining mental, physical, and social well being. The self-Imposed or self-defined rules elderly drivers use to navigate traffic or compensate for physical frailities are described in depth. The Safety of Elderly Drivers Includes penetrating comments from elderly drivers who have been involved in serious accidents, and from random elderly drivers speaking for their generation of drivers. Integrating statistical findings based on Motor Vehicle Department accident data and survey data with comprehensive interviews and discussions with elderly drivers. the book provides an emperically grounded. In-depth view of the elderly driver today. Rothe summarizes theories and models of aging. along with past research on elder[y drivers. projecting what the future may hold If present trends in medicine. housing. politics. migration. and mass transit continue. It closes with a series of recommendations for future traffic planning. This book will be of Interest to policymakers concerned with traffic safety, as well as social scientists and others Interested In gerontological issues.
Author : Koththigoda Kankanamge Sameera Chathuranga
Publisher :
ISBN 13 :
Total Pages : pages
Book Rating : 4.:/5 (991 download)
Download or read book Crash Analysis and Road User Survey to Identify Issues and Countermeasures for Older Drivers in Kansas written by Koththigoda Kankanamge Sameera Chathuranga and published by . This book was released on 2017 with total page pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The percentage of the U.S. population aged 65 years or older is increasing rapidly. Statistics also show this age group was 14.9 percent of the population in 2015 and is expected to be 20.7 to 21.4 percent for the years 2030-2050. Kansas has similar statewide trends with its aging population. Therefore, identifying issues, concerns, and factors associated with severity of older-driver crashes in Kansas is necessary. The Kansas Crash Analysis and Reporting System (KCARS) database maintained by Kansas Department of Transportation was used in this study to identify older-driver crash characteristics, compare older drivers with all drivers, and develop crash severity models. According to KCARS data, older drivers were involved in more than one in five fatal injuries out of all drivers in Kansas from 2010 to 2014. When compared with all drivers, older drivers were overly represented in fatal and incapacitating injuries. The percentage of older-driver fatal injuries was more than the twice that of all drivers. When compared with all drivers, older drivers were involved more often in crashes at four-way intersections, on straight and level roads, in daylight hours, and at a stop or yield signs. An in-depth crash severity analysis was carried out for the older drivers involved in crashes. Three separate binary logistic regression models were developed for single-vehicle crashes where only the older driver was present (Model A), single-vehicle crashes involving an older driver with at least one passenger (Model B), and multi-vehicle crashes involving at least one older driver (Model C). From the crash severity analysis, it was found that left turns were significant in changing the crash severity for Model A, but it was not significant in model B, meaning that older drivers may be safer with passengers. For Model B, none of the passenger attributes were significant, though it was originally developed to identify passenger attributes. Gender of the older driver was not significant in any model. For all models, variables such as safety equipment use, crash location, weather conditions, driver ejected or trapped, and light conditions distinguished crash severity. Furthermore, for Model A, variables such as day of the week, speed, accident class, and maneuver, distinguished crash severity. Moreover, accident class, surface type, and vehicle type changed crash severity in Model B. Number of vehicles, speed, collision type, maneuver, and two-lane roads were significant in Model C.A road-user survey was also conducted to identify habits, needs, and concerns of Kansas' aging road users since it was not advisable to conclude safety factors solely on crash data. The probability of occurrence was calculated by taking the weighted average of answers to a question. Then a contingency table analysis was carried out to identify relationships among variables. For older drivers, seatbelt use as a driver had the highest probability of occurrence. Driving in heavy traffic, merging into traffic, moving away from traffic, and judging gaps were dependent on age group. Findings of this research gave an understanding of older-driver crashes and associated factors. Since more than 85 percent of crash contributory causes were related to drivers, driver awareness programs, driver licensing restrictions, providing public transportation, and law enforcement can be used as countermeasures. Accordingly, results of this study can be used to enhance older-driver safety and awareness programs.
Author : Abhiteja Rallabandi
Publisher :
ISBN 13 :
Total Pages : pages
Book Rating : 4.:/5 (496 download)
Download or read book Factors Affecting Fatal Crash Involvement of Older Drivers in the U.S. written by Abhiteja Rallabandi and published by . This book was released on 2009 with total page pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Rapid increases are estimated in the percentage of elderly among the U.S. population starting in 2010. A majority of the older Americans depend on automobiles to meet their transportation needs either because of lack of public transportation or by choice. Ninety percent of total trips made by the elderly are by personal vehicle and seventy percent of this number involves the elderly driving the vehicles. However due to the aging process, older drivers experience a natural decline in sensory, cognitive, and other mental and physical capabilities as compared to younger drivers. This situation, combined with an imperfect highway infrastructure is making older drivers one of the most critical groups in terms of highway safety, thus demanding safer driving conditions. Safety concern for older drivers arises when the fatality rate per mile driven is considered, as exposure is one of the crucial factors contributing to increased fatality risk of older drivers. Hence, exposure reported in Billion Vehicle Miles Traveled (BVMT) was considered for this study. Crash data and exposure data were used to compute the fatality rates. Sources for this data are the Fatality Analysis Reporting System (FARS) and National Household Travel Survey (NHTS). A basic characteristics study was completed to compare the fatality risk of younger (16-24 yrs), middle-aged (25-64 yrs), and older drivers (65+ yrs). Crash details were screened to study the characteristics of older drivers involved in fatal crashes. Risk for older drivers due to other involved drivers of all ages divided into groups was studied to understand their distribution. A number of statistical methods like the chi-square test of independence, odds ratio and double paired comparison estimates were applied to study contributing factors of older driver's increased fatal crash involvement. Results from the characteristics study for the elderly indicate that a majority of fatal crashes occur under daylight conditions with relatively higher seatbelt usage and non-alcoholic driving on straight level roads, which are generally considered as safer driving conditions. Other factors studied include vehicle-related variables like body type; manner of collision; roadway-related variables like roadway function class, month of the crash, and day of the week; and driver-related variables like race. Roadway functional class, vehicle body type, travel speed, number of drunk drivers, and the month in which the fatality occurred were found to have strong correlation with age of the older driver. Results from paired comparisons were used to estimate the fatality risk of older occupants as drivers and passengers under two different conditions considered simultaneously. Older drivers were found to have more fatality risk compared to older passengers. Recommended measures are also discussed to enhance older driver safety in the U.S.
Author : David S. Loughran
Publisher : Rand Corporation
ISBN 13 : 0833041398
Total Pages : 71 pages
Book Rating : 4.8/5 (33 download)
Download or read book Estimating the Accident Risk of Older Drivers written by David S. Loughran and published by Rand Corporation. This book was released on 2007 with total page 71 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: As the U.S. population ages, so will the population of licensed drivers. Policymakers are concerned that this will lead to increases in traffic accidents and, consequently, injury to property and person. This report investigates how this aging will likely affect traffic safety.
Author :
Publisher :
ISBN 13 :
Total Pages : 62 pages
Book Rating : 4.3/5 (91 download)
Download or read book Addressing the Safety Issues Related to Younger and Older Drivers - a Report to Congress January 19, 1993 on the Research Agenda of the National Highway Traffic Safety Administration written by and published by . This book was released on 1993 with total page 62 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This report presents the National Highway Traffic Safety Administration's (NHTSA's) research agenda for addressing the issues related to the safety of younger and older drivers. Chapter 1 provides a summary of the issues related to younger and older drivers. Chapters 2 and 3 report on NHTSA's research program on younger and older drivers, respectively. Each of these chapters summarizes the status of work done to date; outlines the problems that currently remain; and describes the research actions needed to address those problems. The Agency regards each of the projects or study areas described in the report to be essential for reaching safety objectives for these age groups.
Author : Mary K. Janke
Publisher :
ISBN 13 :
Total Pages : 102 pages
Book Rating : 4.:/5 (318 download)
Download or read book Medical Conditions and Other Factors in Driver Risk written by Mary K. Janke and published by . This book was released on 2001 with total page 102 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Author : American Medical Association
Publisher :
ISBN 13 :
Total Pages : 235 pages
Book Rating : 4.:/5 (699 download)
Download or read book Physician's Guide to Assessing and Counseling Older Drivers written by American Medical Association and published by . This book was released on 2010 with total page 235 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Author : Kathleen Siggerud
Publisher : DIANE Publishing
ISBN 13 : 9781422317150
Total Pages : 62 pages
Book Rating : 4.3/5 (171 download)
Download or read book Older Driver Safety written by Kathleen Siggerud and published by DIANE Publishing. This book was released on 2007-08 with total page 62 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: As people age, their physical, visual, & cognitive abilities may decline, making it more difficult for them to drive safely. Older drivers are also more likely to suffer injuries or die in crashes than drivers in other age groups. These safety issues will increase in significance because older adults represent the fastest-growing U.S. population segment. This report examined: (1) what the fed. gov¿t. has done to promote practices to make roads safer for older drivers & the extent to which states have implemented those practices; (2) the extent to which states assess the fitness of older drivers & what support the fed. gov¿t. has provided; & (3) what initiatives selected states have implemented to improve the safety of older drivers. Includes recommendations. Illustrations.
Author : Graham J. Hole
Publisher : Psychology Press
ISBN 13 : 131777809X
Total Pages : 266 pages
Book Rating : 4.3/5 (177 download)
Download or read book The Psychology of Driving written by Graham J. Hole and published by Psychology Press. This book was released on 2014-07-10 with total page 266 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Road accidents are the major cause of death and injury among young people in the developing world, and the field of psychology can offer great insights into the many factors that are at play when we get behind the wheels of our cars. Based on data collected around the world on drivers of all age groups, Graham Hole provides an up to date picture of the realities of driving, including visual perception issues, cell phone distractions, fatigue, drugs, and the effects of aging. These insights can help explain why we crash, as well as how we achieve the amazing feat of not crashing more often than we do. In this jargon-free and very accessible book, Hole applies psychological methods and insights to this every-day experience with two audiences in mind. First, he speaks to accident investigators, who frequently rely on well-developed understandings of engineering and forensics and less insight into the psychology of the driver. Second, of course, this book will be of value to anyone interested in the application of cognitive psychology to real-world behaviors, and to anyone who drives.
Author : Vamsi K. Surapaneni
Publisher :
ISBN 13 :
Total Pages : 228 pages
Book Rating : 4.:/5 (166 download)
Download or read book Identification and Comparison of Crash Risk for Older Drivers written by Vamsi K. Surapaneni and published by . This book was released on 2006 with total page 228 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Author : David Shinar
Publisher : Emerald Group Publishing
ISBN 13 : 1786352214
Total Pages : 1262 pages
Book Rating : 4.7/5 (863 download)
Download or read book Traffic Safety and Human Behavior written by David Shinar and published by Emerald Group Publishing. This book was released on 2017-06-22 with total page 1262 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This comprehensive 2nd edition covers the key issues that relate human behavior to traffic safety. In particular it covers the increasing roles that pedestrians and cyclists have in the traffic system; the role of infotainment in driver distraction; and the increasing role of driver assistance systems in changing the driver-vehicle interaction.
