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Hydrology Of Small Forest Streams In Western Oregon
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Book Synopsis Hydrology of Small Forest Streams in Western Oregon by : Robert Dennis Harr
Download or read book Hydrology of Small Forest Streams in Western Oregon written by Robert Dennis Harr and published by . This book was released on 1976 with total page 20 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The hydrology of small forest streams in western Oregon varies by time and space in terms of both streamflow and channel hydraulics. Overland flow rarely occurs on undisturbed soils. Instead, water is transmitted rapidly through soils to stream channels by displacement of stored soil water. Drainage networks expand and contract according to the interaction between precipitation characteristics and soil's capability to store and transmit water. Drainage networks are more extensive in winter than in summer. Streamflow may he 1,000 to 5,000 times greater during winter storms than during summer low flow. A stream's kinetic energy varies along with streamflow. Channel width and depth, heterogeneity of bed materials, and the accumulation of large, organic debris affects the dissipation of kinetic energy. Clearcutting can increase relatively small peak flows, but forest roads and extensive areas of soil compacted by other means may increase larger peak flows. Both roadbuilding and clearcutting can cause soil mass movements, which can drastically alter a stream's channel hydraulics by adding debris or scouring the charnel to bedrock. Removal of naturally occurring organic debris that has become part of a stable channel can accelerate bed and bank erosion.
Book Synopsis Forest practices and streamflow in western Oregon by : Robert Dennis Harr
Download or read book Forest practices and streamflow in western Oregon written by Robert Dennis Harr and published by . This book was released on 1976 with total page 24 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Forest management activities, including roadbuilding, clearcut logging, and broadcast burning, can change certain portions of the forest hydrologic cycle. Watershed studies and other hydrologic research in the Coast and western Cascade Ranges of Oregon have shown that these changes may increase annual water yield up to 62 centimeters, double minimum flows in summer, and increase fall peak flows up to 200 percent and small winter peak flows up to 45 percent in small watersheds. Changes in streamflow resulting from clearcut logging had little effect on either onsite damage to stream channels and hydraulic structures or downstream flooding when yarding caused only light disturbance of soil. By increasing the size of larger peak flows, roadbuilding and soil compaction may cause onsite damage in small, headwater basins. Increases in annual yield and minimum flows may be substantial on small watersheds that are clearcut; under sustained yield forest management, such increases are masked in large, parent watersheds by unaltered streamflow from unlogged watersheds.
Book Synopsis Effects of Forest Practices on Peak Flows and Consequent Channel Response by : Gordon Grant
Download or read book Effects of Forest Practices on Peak Flows and Consequent Channel Response written by Gordon Grant and published by . This book was released on 2008 with total page 86 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This is a state-of-the-science synthesis of the effects of forest harvest activities on peak flows and channel morphology in the Pacific Northwest, with a specific focus on western Oregon and Washington. We develop a database of relevant studies reporting peak flow data across rain-, transient-, and snow-dominated hydrologic zones, and provide a quantitative comparison of changes in peak flow across both a range of flows and forest practices. Increases in peak flows generally diminish with decreasing intensity of percentage of watershed harvested and lengthening recurrence intervals of flow. Watersheds located in the rain-dominated zone appear to be less sensitive to peak flow changes than those in the transient snow zone; insufficient data limit interpretations for the snow zone. Where present, peak flow effects on channel morphology should be confined to stream reaches where channel gradients are less than approximately 0.02 and streambeds are composed of gravel and finer material. We provide guidance as to how managers might evaluate the potential risk of peak flow increases based on factors such as presence of roads, watershed drainage efficiency, and specific management treatments employed. The magnitude of effects of forest harvest on peak flows in the Pacific Northwest, as represented by the data reported here, are relatively minor in comparison to other anthropogenic changes to streams and watersheds.
Book Synopsis Effects of Forest Practices on Peak Flows and Consequent Channel Response by : Gordon E. Grant
Download or read book Effects of Forest Practices on Peak Flows and Consequent Channel Response written by Gordon E. Grant and published by DIANE Publishing. This book was released on 2010-09 with total page 84 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Includes a database of relevant studies reporting peak flow data across rain-, transient-, and snow-dominated hydrologic zones. Provides a quantitative comparison of changes in peak flow across both a range of flows and forest practices. Increases in peak flows generally diminish with decreasing intensity of percentage of watershed harvested and lengthening recurrence intervals of flow. Peak flow effects on channel morphology should be confined to stream reaches where channel gradients are less than 0.02 and streambeds are composed of gravel and finer material. Managers should evaluate the potential risk of peak flow increases based on factors such as presence of roads, specific mgmt. treatments employed, and watershed drainage efficiency.
Book Synopsis Use of a Rainfall-runoff Model for Simulating Effects of Forest Management on Streamflow in the East Fork Lobster Creek Basin, Oregon by : Lenore Y. Nakama
Download or read book Use of a Rainfall-runoff Model for Simulating Effects of Forest Management on Streamflow in the East Fork Lobster Creek Basin, Oregon written by Lenore Y. Nakama and published by . This book was released on 1993 with total page 56 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Book Synopsis Revision of the Resource Management Plans of the Western Oregon Bureau of Land Management Districts by :
Download or read book Revision of the Resource Management Plans of the Western Oregon Bureau of Land Management Districts written by and published by . This book was released on 2008 with total page 572 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Book Synopsis Hydrological and Biological Responses to Forest Practices by : John D. Stednick
Download or read book Hydrological and Biological Responses to Forest Practices written by John D. Stednick and published by Springer Science & Business Media. This book was released on 2007-12-03 with total page 321 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The Alsea Logging and Aquatic Resources Study, commissioned by the Oregon Legislature in 1959, marked the beginning of four decades of research in the Pacific Northwest devoted to understanding the impacts of forest practices on water quality, water quantity, aquatic habitat, and aquatic organism popu- tions. While earlier watershed research examined changes in runoff and erosion from various land uses, this study was the first watershed experiment to focus so heavily on aquatic habitat and organism response to forest practices. The Alsea Watershed Study, as it came to be known, extended over 15 years with seven years of pretreatment calibration measurements, a year of treatment, and seven years of post-treatment monitoring. The research was a cooperative effort with scientists from Oregon State University, Oregon Department of Fish and Wildlife, the U.S. Geological Survey, and the U.S. Environmental Protection Agency. Cooperating landowners included the Georgia-Pacific Corporation, the U.S. Forest Service, and a local rancher. It was a remarkable 15-year partnership marked by excellent cooperation among the participants and outstanding coordination among the scientists, many of whom participated actively for the entire period.
Book Synopsis Water-resources Investigations Report by :
Download or read book Water-resources Investigations Report written by and published by . This book was released on 1996 with total page 444 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Book Synopsis Research Publications of the H.J. Andrews Experimental Forest, Cascade Range, Oregon, 1948 to 1986 by :
Download or read book Research Publications of the H.J. Andrews Experimental Forest, Cascade Range, Oregon, 1948 to 1986 written by and published by . This book was released on 1987 with total page 80 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Book Synopsis History, Physical Effects, and Management Implications of Large Organic Debris in Western Oregon Streams by : Frederick John Swanson
Download or read book History, Physical Effects, and Management Implications of Large Organic Debris in Western Oregon Streams written by Frederick John Swanson and published by . This book was released on 1976 with total page 24 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: "Large organic debris has historically been an important element in small mountain streams of the Pacific Northwest. The debris serves to slow the movement of water and inorganic and fine organic matter through the channel. Debris may remain in the channel for decades or longer, and tends to stabilize some sections of a streambed and stream banks while destabilizing other areas. The combination of clear cutting and the complete removal of large debris in a channel may deprive a stream of this natural feature of streams for a century or longer. The consequences are likely to be downcutting and channelization" of the stream, accelerated transport of fine organic and inorganic sediment, and a possible decrease in biological productivity of the stream ecosystem. Therefore, stream debris management during logging operations should include leaving undisturbed the natural, stable organic debris in the channel.??The principal factors controlling the concentration, stability, and functions of stream debris are the history and condition of the surrounding timber stand, flushing history of the channel, stability and abundance of bedload material, steepness of the channel and adjacent hillslopes, and slope stability in the drainage. Because of this complexity, each stream presents a unique situation, which should be inspected in the field and considered on an individual basis before a debris management decision is made."
Book Synopsis Hydrologic Effects of a Changing Forest Landscape by : National Research Council
Download or read book Hydrologic Effects of a Changing Forest Landscape written by National Research Council and published by National Academies Press. This book was released on 2008-12-19 with total page 181 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Of all the outputs of forests, water may be the most important. Streamflow from forests provides two-thirds of the nation's clean water supply. Removing forest cover accelerates the rate that precipitation becomes streamflow; therefore, in some areas, cutting trees causes a temporary increase in the volume of water flowing downstream. This effect has spurred political pressure to cut trees to increase water supply, especially in western states where population is rising. However, cutting trees for water gains is not sustainable: increases in flow rate and volume are typically short-lived, and the practice can ultimately degrade water quality and increase vulnerability to flooding. Forest hydrology, the study of how water flows through forests, can help illuminate the connections between forests and water, but it must advance if it is to deal with today's complexities, including climate change, wildfires, and changing patterns of development and ownership. This book identifies actions that scientists, forest and water managers, and citizens can take to help sustain water resources from forests.
Book Synopsis Hydrogeologic Setting and Preliminary Estimates of Hydrologic Components for Bull Run Lake and the Bull Run Lake Drainage Basin, Multnomah and Clackamas Counties, Oregon by : Daniel T. Snyder
Download or read book Hydrogeologic Setting and Preliminary Estimates of Hydrologic Components for Bull Run Lake and the Bull Run Lake Drainage Basin, Multnomah and Clackamas Counties, Oregon written by Daniel T. Snyder and published by . This book was released on 1996 with total page 60 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Book Synopsis Influence of Forest and Rangeland Management on Anadromous Fish Habitat in Western North America by : T. Chamberlin
Download or read book Influence of Forest and Rangeland Management on Anadromous Fish Habitat in Western North America written by T. Chamberlin and published by . This book was released on 1982 with total page 40 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Book Synopsis Influence of Forest and Rangeland Management on Anadromous Fish Habitat in Western North America by :
Download or read book Influence of Forest and Rangeland Management on Anadromous Fish Habitat in Western North America written by and published by . This book was released on 1979 with total page 652 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Book Synopsis Final Environmental Impact Statement by : United States. Forest Service. Pacific Northwest Region
Download or read book Final Environmental Impact Statement written by United States. Forest Service. Pacific Northwest Region and published by . This book was released on 1990 with total page 820 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Book Synopsis Draft Environmental Impact Statement by :
Download or read book Draft Environmental Impact Statement written by and published by . This book was released on 1987 with total page 654 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Book Synopsis General Technical Report PNW-GTR by :
Download or read book General Technical Report PNW-GTR written by and published by . This book was released on 1987 with total page 762 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
