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Hydrologic Pulses Of Agricultural Waters Effects On Wetland Plants And Soils In The Greenhouse Constructed Drainage Ditches And Bottomland Hardwood Forests
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Book Synopsis Hydrologic Pulses of Agricultural Waters: Effects on Wetland Plants and Soils in the Greenhouse, Constructed Drainage Ditches, and Bottomland Hardwood Forests by : Melissa Boyce Koontz
Download or read book Hydrologic Pulses of Agricultural Waters: Effects on Wetland Plants and Soils in the Greenhouse, Constructed Drainage Ditches, and Bottomland Hardwood Forests written by Melissa Boyce Koontz and published by . This book was released on 2012 with total page pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Upstream water management affects downstream ecology, especially the wetland plants and soil. The primary goal of this dissertation was to quantify the dynamic responses of plants and soil to variable hydrologic inputs. Measurements were taken at different spatial scales, which were in the greenhouse, constructed drainage ditches, and bottomland hardwood forests. Wetland plants grown in greenhouse conditions were exposed to variable hydrology and aqueous nitrogen fertilization treatments. The study species was rice cutgrass, Leersia oryzoides. Individual plants were able to modify physiological responses, elemental tissue concentrations, and biomass allocation in order to withstand environmental stress. The plants grown in partially flooded conditions had the highest biomass measurements of the leaf, stem, and root components. Continuously flooded plants had the lowest rhizome biomass. A field study of L. oryzoides was conducted utilizing constructed drainage ditches. This species exhibited seasonal differences in internal allocation of nitrogen, phosphorus, and biomass. Higher concentrations of both nitrogen and phosphorus were measured in the shoots during spring and summer months. During the autumn and winter seasons, the roots had increased concentrations of both nitrogen and phosphorus. Following three months of growth, plants allocated more biomass to roots than to shoots with the highest total biomass measured in the autumn. Additional field studies evaluated landscape level effects in the Mississippi River floodplain following hydrological restoration to secondary channel complexes. Sites were established both upstream and downstream of the restoration project. The sites consisted of bottomland hardwood forests, both historically and presently dominated by black willow, Salix nigra. Soil nutrient concentrations had the greatest reduction at the site nearest the hydrological input compared to the downstream site. The restored hydrology enhanced the aboveground net primary productivity of the trees, including stem growth and leaf litter production. Data generated by these studies provide results that support the use of vegetated buffers in the aquatic/terrestrial transition zone to immobilize nutrients. Continued monitoring of vegetated drainage ditches and restored channel hydrology in the Mississippi River Basin is necessary in order to enhance the effectiveness of planning and managing projects directed toward improving nutrient cycling and water quality.
Book Synopsis Forest and Rangeland Soils of the United States Under Changing Conditions by : Richard V. Pouyat
Download or read book Forest and Rangeland Soils of the United States Under Changing Conditions written by Richard V. Pouyat and published by Springer Nature. This book was released on 2020-09-02 with total page 306 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This open access book synthesizes leading-edge science and management information about forest and rangeland soils of the United States. It offers ways to better understand changing conditions and their impacts on soils, and explores directions that positively affect the future of forest and rangeland soil health. This book outlines soil processes and identifies the research needed to manage forest and rangeland soils in the United States. Chapters give an overview of the state of forest and rangeland soils research in the Nation, including multi-decadal programs (chapter 1), then summarizes various human-caused and natural impacts and their effects on soil carbon, hydrology, biogeochemistry, and biological diversity (chapters 2–5). Other chapters look at the effects of changing conditions on forest soils in wetland and urban settings (chapters 6–7). Impacts include: climate change, severe wildfires, invasive species, pests and diseases, pollution, and land use change. Chapter 8 considers approaches to maintaining or regaining forest and rangeland soil health in the face of these varied impacts. Mapping, monitoring, and data sharing are discussed in chapter 9 as ways to leverage scientific and human resources to address soil health at scales from the landscape to the individual parcel (monitoring networks, data sharing Web sites, and educational soils-centered programs are tabulated in appendix B). Chapter 10 highlights opportunities for deepening our understanding of soils and for sustaining long-term ecosystem health and appendix C summarizes research needs. Nine regional summaries (appendix A) offer a more detailed look at forest and rangeland soils in the United States and its Affiliates.
Book Synopsis Restoration of Aquatic Ecosystems by : National Research Council
Download or read book Restoration of Aquatic Ecosystems written by National Research Council and published by National Academies Press. This book was released on 1992-01-01 with total page 580 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Aldo Leopold, father of the "land ethic," once said, "The time has come for science to busy itself with the earth itself. The first step is to reconstruct a sample of what we had to begin with." The concept he expressedâ€"restorationâ€"is defined in this comprehensive new volume that examines the prospects for repairing the damage society has done to the nation's aquatic resources: lakes, rivers and streams, and wetlands. Restoration of Aquatic Ecosystems outlines a national strategy for aquatic restoration, with practical recommendations, and features case studies of aquatic restoration activities around the country. The committee examines: Key concepts and techniques used in restoration. Common factors in successful restoration efforts. Threats to the health of the nation's aquatic ecosystems. Approaches to evaluation before, during, and after a restoration project. The emerging specialties of restoration and landscape ecology.
Book Synopsis Agricultural Effects on Ground and Surface Waters by : J. H. A. M. Steenvoorden
Download or read book Agricultural Effects on Ground and Surface Waters written by J. H. A. M. Steenvoorden and published by . This book was released on 2002 with total page 428 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Book Synopsis Biogeochemistry of Wetlands by : K. Ramesh Reddy
Download or read book Biogeochemistry of Wetlands written by K. Ramesh Reddy and published by CRC Press. This book was released on 2022-09-10 with total page 926 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The globally important nature of wetland ecosystems has led to their increased protection and restoration as well as their use in engineered systems. Underpinning the beneficial functions of wetlands are a unique suite of physical, chemical, and biological processes that regulate elemental cycling in soils and the water column. This book provides an in-depth coverage of these wetland biogeochemical processes related to the cycling of macroelements including carbon, nitrogen, phosphorus, and sulfur, secondary and trace elements, and toxic organic compounds. In this synthesis, the authors combine more than 100 years of experience studying wetlands and biogeochemistry to look inside the black box of elemental transformations in wetland ecosystems. This new edition is updated throughout to include more topics and provide an integrated view of the coupled nature of biogeochemical cycles in wetland systems. The influence of the elemental cycles is discussed at a range of scales in the context of environmental change including climate, sea level rise, and water quality. Frequent examples of key methods and major case studies are also included to help the reader extend the basic theories for application in their own system. Some of the major topics discussed are: Flooded soil and sediment characteristics Aerobic-anaerobic interfaces Redox chemistry in flooded soil and sediment systems Anaerobic microbial metabolism Plant adaptations to reducing conditions Regulators of organic matter decomposition and accretion Major nutrient sources and sinks Greenhouse gas production and emission Elemental flux processes Remediation of contaminated soils and sediments Coupled C-N-P-S processes Consequences of environmental change in wetlands# The book provides the foundation for a basic understanding of key biogeochemical processes and its applications to solve real world problems. It is detailed, but also assists the reader with box inserts, artfully designed diagrams, and summary tables all supported by numerous current references. This book is an excellent resource for senior undergraduates and graduate students studying ecosystem biogeochemistry with a focus in wetlands and aquatic systems.
Book Synopsis Water Stress in Plants by : Ismail M. M. Rahman
Download or read book Water Stress in Plants written by Ismail M. M. Rahman and published by BoD – Books on Demand. This book was released on 2016-08-24 with total page 130 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Water stress in plants is caused by the water deficit, as induced possibly by drought or high soil salinity. The prime consequence of water stress in plants is the disruption in the agricultural production, resulting in food shortage. The plants, however, try to adapt to the stress conditions using biochemical and physiological interventions. The edited compilation is an attempt to provide new insights into the mechanism and adaptation aspects of water stress in plants through a thoughtful mixture of viewpoints. We hope that the content of the book will be useful for the researchers working with the plant diversity-related environmental aspects and also provide suggestions for the strategists.
Book Synopsis Assessing the Reliability of Hydrologic Characterizations of Four Wetland Plant Communities by :
Download or read book Assessing the Reliability of Hydrologic Characterizations of Four Wetland Plant Communities written by and published by . This book was released on 2004 with total page pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Previous field work characterized the wetness requirements of four plant communities by modeling their hydrologic regimes in three reference wetlands and correlating the results. The objectives of this work were to: 1) determine whether the modeled predictions were accurate by growing four tree species that represented different plant communities under the modeled hydrologies in the greenhouse, and 2) determine how different tree species adapt to saturated soil conditions. Bald cypress (Taxodium distichum), sweet bay (Magnolia virginiana), pond pine (Pinus serotina), and swamp chestnut oak (Quercus michauxii) were grown in greenhouse experiments under three hydrologic regimes: i) ponded for 100 d, ii) ponded for 15 d, and iii) unsaturated. Loamy sand and sapric materials from a restored Carolina Bay were the substrate materials used to represent mineral and organic soils. Bald cypress (representing Non-riverine Swamp Forest) adapted well to 100 d of ponding by producing lateral roots near the surface, aerenchyma tissue in roots and stem, and increasing P uptake. In organic soils ponded for 100 d, bald cypress had significantly greater height, diameter, and total biomass than all other tree species. Sweet bay (representing Bay Forest) adapted well to 100 d of ponding by producing adventitious roots on the submerged portion of the stem. Pond pine (representing Pond Pine Woodland) was intolerant to 100 d of ponded conditions and 75% of the seedlings died in the ponded experiments. Swamp chestnut oak (representing Non-riverine Wet Hardwood Forest) was intolerant to ponding and all seedlings died in ponded treatments. A rhizotron study was conducted to further observe and quantify biological, morphological, and physiological changes in two wetland tree species with differing tolerances to saturated conditions. Bald cypress and swamp chestnut oak seedlings were grown under ponded and unponded conditions for 106 d in rhizotrons containing the same soils used in the contain.
Book Synopsis Multifunctional Wetlands by : Nidhi Nagabhatla
Download or read book Multifunctional Wetlands written by Nidhi Nagabhatla and published by Springer. This book was released on 2017-10-25 with total page 319 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This book describes how natural or constructed wetlands can be used to reduce pollution of freshwater and coastal ecosystems, while still preserving their biodiversity and ecological functions. Through a series of case histories described in 10 chapters in the monograph, the readers will gain an understanding of the opportunities, as well as the challenges associated with reducing point and non-point source pollution using natural, restored or constructed wetlands. The target audience will be water practitioners involved in projects utilizing integrated watershed management approaches to pollution abatement, as well as researchers who are designing projects focused on this topic.
Book Synopsis The Ecology and Management of Wetlands by : Donal D. Hook
Download or read book The Ecology and Management of Wetlands written by Donal D. Hook and published by Springer Science & Business Media. This book was released on 2012-12-06 with total page 602 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This book contains the proceedings of a symposium held at the College of Charleston, Charleston, South Carolina, USA, 16-20 June 1986. The seed for this symposium arose from a group of physiologists , soU scientists and biochemists that met in Leningrad, USSR in July 1975 at the 12th Botanical Conference in a Session organized by Professor B.B. Vartepetian. This group and others later conspired to contribute to a book entitled Plant Life in Anaerobic Environments (eds. D. D. Hook and R. M. M. Crawford, Ann Arbor Science, 1978). Several contributors to the book suggested in 1983 that a broad-scoped symposium on wetlands would be useful (a) in facilitating communication among the diverse research groups involved in wetlands research (b) in bringing researchers and managers together and (c) in presenting a com prehensive and balanced coverage on the status of ecology ami management of wetlands from a global perspective. With this encouragement, the senior editor organized a Plan ning Committee that encompassed expertise from many disciplines of wetland scientists and managers. This Committee, with input from their colleagues around the world, organized a symposium that addressed almost every aspect of wetland ecology and management.
Book Synopsis Tidal Freshwater Wetlands by : Aat Barendregt
Download or read book Tidal Freshwater Wetlands written by Aat Barendregt and published by . This book was released on 2009 with total page 320 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Book Synopsis Monitored Natural Attenuation of Inorganic Contaminants in Ground Water by :
Download or read book Monitored Natural Attenuation of Inorganic Contaminants in Ground Water written by and published by . This book was released on 2007 with total page 124 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: V.3 ... consists of individual chapters that describe 1) the conceptual background for radionuclides, including tritium, radon, strontium, technetium, uranium, iodine, radium, thorium, cesium, plutonium-americium and 2) data requirements to be met during site characterization.
Book Synopsis Agricultural Practices and Water Quality by : Ted L. Willrich
Download or read book Agricultural Practices and Water Quality written by Ted L. Willrich and published by . This book was released on 1971 with total page 452 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: SEDIMENT AS A WATER POLLUTANT; PLANT NUTRIENTS AS WATER POLLUTANTS; PESTICIDES AS WATER POLLUTANTS; ANIMAL WASTES AS WATER POLLUTANTS; AGRICULTURAL POLLUTION IMPLICATIONS; AGRICULTURE'S INVOLVEMENT IN POLLUTED AND CLEAN WATER.
Download or read book Stream Ecology written by J. David Allan and published by Springer Science & Business Media. This book was released on 2012-12-06 with total page 385 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Running waters are enormously diverse, ranging from torrential mountain brooks, to large lowland rivers, to great river systems whose basins occupy subcontinents. While this diversity makes river ecosystems seem overwhelmingly complex, a central theme of this volume is that the processes acting in running waters are general, although the settings are often unique. The past two decades have seen major advances in our knowledge of the ecology of streams and rivers. New paradigms have emerged, such as the river continuum and nutrient spiraling. Community ecologists have made impressive advances in documenting the occurrence of species interactions. The importance of physical processes in rivers has attracted increased attention, particularly the areas of hydrology and geomorphology, and the inter-relationships between physical and biological factors have become better understood. And as is true for every area of ecology during the closing years of the twentieth century it has become apparent that the study of streams and rivers cannot be carried out by excluding the role of human activities, nor can we ignore the urgency of the need for conservation. These developments are brought together in Stream Ecology: Structure and function of running waters, designed to serve as a text for advanced undergraduate and graduate students, and as a reference book for specialists in stream ecology and related fields.
Book Synopsis Wetland Creation and Restoration: Regional reviews by : Jon A. Kusler
Download or read book Wetland Creation and Restoration: Regional reviews written by Jon A. Kusler and published by . This book was released on 1989 with total page 500 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Author :International Rice Research Institute Publisher :Int. Rice Res. Inst. ISBN 13 :9711041464 Total Pages :438 pages Book Rating :4.7/5 (11 download)
Book Synopsis Soil Physics and Rice by : International Rice Research Institute
Download or read book Soil Physics and Rice written by International Rice Research Institute and published by Int. Rice Res. Inst.. This book was released on 1985 with total page 438 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book To Life! written by Linda Weintraub and published by Univ of California Press. This book was released on 2012-09-01 with total page 380 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This title documents the burgeoning eco art movement from A to Z, presenting a panorama of artistic responses to environmental concerns, from Ant Farms anti-consumer antics in the 1970s to Marina Zurkows 2007 animation that anticipates the havoc wreaked upon the planet by global warming.
Book Synopsis Agricultural Nonpoint Source Pollution by : William F. Ritter
Download or read book Agricultural Nonpoint Source Pollution written by William F. Ritter and published by CRC Press. This book was released on 2000-12-15 with total page 356 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: If you work in the water quality management field, you know the challenges of monitoring and controlling pollutants in our water supply. The increasing problem of agricultural nonpoint source pollution requires complex solutions. Agricultural Nonpoint Source Pollution: Watershed Management and Hydrology covers the latest techniques and methods of managing large watershed areas, with an emphasis on controlling non-point source pollution, especially from agricultural run-off. Written by leading experts, the book includes topics such as: nitrate and phosphorus pollution, pesticide contamination, erosion and sedimentation, water-table management, and watershed management. The authors discuss the effects of agricultural run-off - one of the most intransigent problems now faced by environmental engineers and hydrologists. They explore each issue with an eye towards the integrated management of water quality and water resources over a defined area or region. This single-source reference gives you a complete understanding of the whats, whys, and hows of nonpoint source pollution - and more importantly of how to monitor and manage it. Agricultural Nonpoint Source Pollution: Watershed Management and Hydrology provides a broad but detailed overview that helps you to comprehend the intricacies of the problem and puts you on the path to finding the answers.
