Human Body Perception From The Inside Out

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Human Body Perception from the Inside Out

Author : Günther Knoblich
Publisher : Oxford University Press
ISBN 13 : 9780195178371
Total Pages : 490 pages
Book Rating : 4.1/5 (783 download)

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Book Synopsis Human Body Perception from the Inside Out by : Günther Knoblich

Download or read book Human Body Perception from the Inside Out written by Günther Knoblich and published by Oxford University Press. This book was released on 2006-01-05 with total page 490 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: As the general notion of cognition has recently broadened to include its embodied nature, researchers' accounts of perception have increasingly come to include the body's special status as a window on the world and to accommodate the specific perceptual requirements for identifying, interpreting, and interacting with other bodies. This volume presents a comprehensive overview of the rapid progress that has been made in understanding the human body and its relationship to perception. It will help to unify the relevant research from several independent areas of cognitive psychology and cognitive neuroscience and facilitate the development of an integrated framework for the study of human-body perception.

The Brain from Inside Out

Author : György Buzsáki MD, PhD
Publisher : Oxford University Press
ISBN 13 : 0190905395
Total Pages : 465 pages
Book Rating : 4.1/5 (99 download)

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Book Synopsis The Brain from Inside Out by : György Buzsáki MD, PhD

Download or read book The Brain from Inside Out written by György Buzsáki MD, PhD and published by Oxford University Press. This book was released on 2019-04-18 with total page 465 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Is there a right way to study how the brain works? Following the empiricist's tradition, the most common approach involves the study of neural reactions to stimuli presented by an experimenter. This 'outside-in' method fueled a generation of brain research and now must confront hidden assumptions about causation and concepts that may not hold neatly for systems that act and react. György Buzsáki's The Brain from Inside Out examines why the outside-in framework for understanding brain function has become stagnant and points to new directions for understanding neural function. Building upon the success of 2011's Rhythms of the Brain, Professor Buzsáki presents the brain as a foretelling device that interacts with its environment through action and the examination of action's consequence. Consider that our brains are initially filled with nonsense patterns, all of which are gibberish until grounded by action-based interactions. By matching these nonsense "words" to the outcomes of action, they acquire meaning. Once its circuits are "calibrated" by action and experience, the brain can disengage from its sensors and actuators, and examine "what happens if" scenarios by peeking into its own computation, a process that we refer to as cognition. The Brain from Inside Out explains why our brain is not an information-absorbing coding device, as it is often portrayed, but a venture-seeking explorer constantly controlling the body to test hypotheses. Our brain does not process information: it creates it.

Early Development of Body Representations

Author : Virginia Slaughter
Publisher : Cambridge University Press
ISBN 13 : 1139502298
Total Pages : 301 pages
Book Rating : 4.1/5 (395 download)

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Book Synopsis Early Development of Body Representations by : Virginia Slaughter

Download or read book Early Development of Body Representations written by Virginia Slaughter and published by Cambridge University Press. This book was released on 2011-10-20 with total page 301 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Because we engage with the world and each other through our bodies and bodily movements, being able to represent one's own and others' bodies is fundamental to human perception, cognition and behaviour. This edited book brings together, for the first time, developmental perspectives on the growth of body knowledge in infancy and early childhood and how it intersects with other aspects of perception and cognition. The book is organised into three sections addressing the bodily self, the bodies of others and integrating self and other. Topics include perception and representation of the human form, infant imitation, understanding biological motion, self-representation, intention understanding, action production and perception and children's human figure drawings. Each section includes chapters from leading international scholars drawn together by an expert commentary that highlights open questions and directions for future research.

Weapons and Tools in Rock Art

Author : Ana M. S. Bettencourt
Publisher : Oxbow Books
ISBN 13 : 1789254914
Total Pages : 492 pages
Book Rating : 4.7/5 (892 download)

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Book Synopsis Weapons and Tools in Rock Art by : Ana M. S. Bettencourt

Download or read book Weapons and Tools in Rock Art written by Ana M. S. Bettencourt and published by Oxbow Books. This book was released on 2021-03-03 with total page 492 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Weapons and tools are frequently found depicted in rock art in many parts of the globe and different periods and in varying social contexts. This collection of papers by leading rock art specialists examines the subjective and metaphorical value of weapons and tools in art, the actions that created them, and their contexts. It also takes into account that such representations incorporate and transmit some kind of understanding about the world and the relationship between objects and humans. Contributors analyse objects and weapons as status symbols, as evidences of cultural contacts, as ideological devices, etc. Divided into regional sections which, for once, do not focus on Scandinavia, chapters deal with the representations of weapons and certain kinds of tools (such as axes and sickles) in different prehistoric, protohistoric and traditional community contexts all over the world. Attention focuses on rock art, but also looks at stelae and statue-menhirs, as well as other kinds of ‘container’ or vehicle for this kind of depiction. The major concern is to discuss the possible meanings of these embodied signs in different areas and periods, since meanings are permeable both to time and space. Papers either centre their attention in broader approaches based on a specific area, region or people, or focus on particular case studies.

People Watching

Author : Kerri Johnson
Publisher : Oxford University Press
ISBN 13 : 0199333858
Total Pages : 438 pages
Book Rating : 4.1/5 (993 download)

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Book Synopsis People Watching by : Kerri Johnson

Download or read book People Watching written by Kerri Johnson and published by Oxford University Press. This book was released on 2012-12-04 with total page 438 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The human body has long been a rich source of inspiration for the arts, and artists have long recognized the body's special status. While the scientific study of body perception also has an important history, recent technological advances have triggered an explosion of research on the visual perception of the human body in motion, or as it is traditionally called, biological motion perception. Now reaching a point of burgeoning inter-disciplinary focus, biological motion perception research is poised to transform our understanding of person construal. Indeed, several factors highlight a privileged role for the human body as one of the most critical classes of stimuli affecting social perception. Human bodies in motion, for example, are among the most frequent moving stimulus in our environment. They can be readily perceived at a physical distance or visual vantage that precludes face perception. Moreover, body motion conveys meaningful psychological information such as social categories, emotion state, intentions, and underlying dispositions. Thus, body perception appears to serve as a first-pass filter for a vast array of social judgments from the routine (e.g., perceived friendliness in interactions) to the grave (e.g., perceived threat by law enforcement). This book provides an exciting integration of theory and findings that clarify how the human body is perceived by observers.

The Neural Bases of Multisensory Processes

Author : Micah M. Murray
Publisher : CRC Press
ISBN 13 : 1439812179
Total Pages : 800 pages
Book Rating : 4.4/5 (398 download)

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Book Synopsis The Neural Bases of Multisensory Processes by : Micah M. Murray

Download or read book The Neural Bases of Multisensory Processes written by Micah M. Murray and published by CRC Press. This book was released on 2011-08-25 with total page 800 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: It has become accepted in the neuroscience community that perception and performance are quintessentially multisensory by nature. Using the full palette of modern brain imaging and neuroscience methods, The Neural Bases of Multisensory Processes details current understanding in the neural bases for these phenomena as studied across species, stages of development, and clinical statuses. Organized thematically into nine sub-sections, the book is a collection of contributions by leading scientists in the field. Chapters build generally from basic to applied, allowing readers to ascertain how fundamental science informs the clinical and applied sciences. Topics discussed include: Anatomy, essential for understanding the neural substrates of multisensory processing Neurophysiological bases and how multisensory stimuli can dramatically change the encoding processes for sensory information Combinatorial principles and modeling, focusing on efforts to gain a better mechanistic handle on multisensory operations and their network dynamics Development and plasticity Clinical manifestations and how perception and action are affected by altered sensory experience Attention and spatial representations The last sections of the book focus on naturalistic multisensory processes in three separate contexts: motion signals, multisensory contributions to the perception and generation of communication signals, and how the perception of flavor is generated. The text provides a solid introduction for newcomers and a strong overview of the current state of the field for experts.

Systematic Changes in Body Image Following Formation of Phantom Limbs

Author : Nobuyuki Inui
Publisher : Springer
ISBN 13 : 9811014604
Total Pages : 64 pages
Book Rating : 4.8/5 (11 download)

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Book Synopsis Systematic Changes in Body Image Following Formation of Phantom Limbs by : Nobuyuki Inui

Download or read book Systematic Changes in Body Image Following Formation of Phantom Limbs written by Nobuyuki Inui and published by Springer. This book was released on 2016-06-30 with total page 64 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This book presents new findings on body image and also introduces new neuroscience-based methods for the fields of neurology and neurorehabilitation. Even when the hand is stationary we know its position – information that is needed by the brain to plan movements. If the sensory input from a limb is removed as the result of an accident, or as part of an experiment with local anesthesia, then a ‘phantom’ limb commonly develops. We used ischemic anesthesia of one limb to study the mechanisms that define this phenomenon. Surprisingly, if the fingers, wrist, elbow, ankle, and knee are extended before and during an ischemic block, then the perceived limb is flexed at the joint and vice versa. Furthermore, the limb is perceived to move continuously with no default position. The key parameter for these illusory changes in limb position is the difference in discharge rates between afferents in the flexor and extensor muscles at a joint. The final position of the phantom limb depends on its initial position, suggesting that a body image uses incoming proprioceptive information for determination of starting points and endpoints when generating movements. In addition, the change in position does not involve limb postures that are anatomically impossible, suggesting that illusory posture is constrained by body maps. These results provide new information about how the brain generates phantom limbs.

Body Schema and Body Image

Author : Yochai Ataria
Publisher : Oxford University Press
ISBN 13 : 0192592599
Total Pages : 384 pages
Book Rating : 4.1/5 (925 download)

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Book Synopsis Body Schema and Body Image by : Yochai Ataria

Download or read book Body Schema and Body Image written by Yochai Ataria and published by Oxford University Press. This book was released on 2021-07-01 with total page 384 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Body schema is a system of sensory-motor capacities that function without awareness or the necessity of perceptual monitoring. Body image consists of a system of perceptions, attitudes, and beliefs pertaining to one's own body. In 2005 Shaun Gallagher published an influential book entitled How the Body Shapes the Mind (OUP). That book not only defined both body schema and body image, but explored the complicated relationship between the two. It also established the idea that there is a double dissociation, whereby body schema and body image refer to two different but closely related systems. Given that many kinds of pathological cases can be described in terms of body schema and body image (phantom limbs, asomatognosia, apraxia, schizophrenia, anorexia, depersonalization, and body dysmorphic disorder, among others), we might expect to find a growing consensus about these concepts and the relevant neural activities connected to these systems. Instead, an examination of the scientific literature reveals continued ambiguity and disagreement. This volume brings together leading experts from the fields of philosophy, neuroscience, psychology, and psychiatry in a lively and productive dialogue. It explores fundamental questions about the relationship between body schema and body image, and addresses ongoing debates about the role of the brain and the role of social and cultural factors in our understanding of embodiment.

Encyclopedia of Consciousness

Author : William P. Banks
Publisher : Academic Press
ISBN 13 : 008092042X
Total Pages : 1034 pages
Book Rating : 4.0/5 (89 download)

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Book Synopsis Encyclopedia of Consciousness by : William P. Banks

Download or read book Encyclopedia of Consciousness written by William P. Banks and published by Academic Press. This book was released on 2009-03-26 with total page 1034 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Consciousness has long been a subject of interest in philosophy and religion but only relatively recently has it become subject to scientific investigation. Now, more than ever before, we are beginning to understand this mental state. Developmental psychologists understand when we first develop a sense of self; neuropsychologists see which parts of the brain activate when we think about ourselves and which parts of the brain control that awareness. Cognitive scientists have mapped the circuitry that allows machines to have some form of self awareness, and neuroscientists investigate similar circuitry in the human brain. Research that once was separate inquiries in discreet disciplines is converging. List serves and small conferences focused on consciousness are proliferating. New journals have emerged in this field. A huge number of monographs and edited treatises have recently been published on consciousness, but there is no recognized entry point to the field, no comprehensive summary. This encyclopedia is that reference. Organized alphabetically by topic, coverage encompasses a summary of major research and scientific thought regarding the nature of consciousness, the neural circuitry involved, how the brain, body, and world interact, and our understanding of subjective states. The work includes contributions covering neuroscience, psychology, philosophy, and artificial intelligence to provide a comprehensive backdrop to recent and ongoing investigations into the nature of conscious experience from a philosophical, psychological, and biological perspective.

Clinical Systems Neuroscience

Author : Kenji Kansaku
Publisher : Springer
ISBN 13 : 4431550372
Total Pages : 388 pages
Book Rating : 4.4/5 (315 download)

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Book Synopsis Clinical Systems Neuroscience by : Kenji Kansaku

Download or read book Clinical Systems Neuroscience written by Kenji Kansaku and published by Springer. This book was released on 2015-01-28 with total page 388 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The impaired brain has often been difficult to rehabilitate owing to limited knowledge of the brain system. Recently, advanced imaging techniques such as fMRI and MEG have allowed researchers to investigate spatiotemporal dynamics in the living human brain. Consequently, knowledge in systems neuroscience is now rapidly growing. Advanced techniques have found practical application by providing new prosthetics, such as brain–machine interfaces, expanding the range of activities of persons with disabilities, or the elderly. The book’s chapters are authored by researchers from various research fields such as systems neuroscience, rehabilitation, neurology, psychology and engineering. The book explores the latest advancements in neurorehabilitation, plasticity and brain–machine interfaces among others and constitutes a solid foundation for researchers who aim to contribute to the science of brain function disabilities and ultimately to the well-being of patients and the elderly worldwide.

Encyclopedia of Perception

Author : E. Bruce Goldstein
Publisher : SAGE
ISBN 13 : 1412940818
Total Pages : 1281 pages
Book Rating : 4.4/5 (129 download)

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Book Synopsis Encyclopedia of Perception by : E. Bruce Goldstein

Download or read book Encyclopedia of Perception written by E. Bruce Goldstein and published by SAGE. This book was released on 2010 with total page 1281 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Because of the ease with which we perceive, many people see perception as something that "just happens." However, even seemingly simple perceptual experiences involve complex underlying mechanisms, which are often hidden from our conscious experience. These mechanisms are being investigated by researchers and theorists in fields such as psychology, cognitive science, neuroscience, computer science, and philosophy. A few examples of the questions posed by these investigations are, What do infants perceive? How does perception develop? What do perceptual disorders reveal about normal functioning? How can information from one sense, such as hearing, be affected by information from another sense, such as vision? How is the information from all of our senses combined to result in our perception of a coherent environment? What are some practical outcomes of basic research in perception? These are just a few of the questions this encyclopedia will consider, as it presents a comprehensive overview of the field of perception for students, researchers, and professionals in psychology, the cognitive sciences, neuroscience, and related medical disciplines such as neurology and ophthalmology.

Handbook of Phenomenology and Cognitive Science

Author : Daniel Schmicking
Publisher : Springer Science & Business Media
ISBN 13 : 9048126460
Total Pages : 676 pages
Book Rating : 4.0/5 (481 download)

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Book Synopsis Handbook of Phenomenology and Cognitive Science by : Daniel Schmicking

Download or read book Handbook of Phenomenology and Cognitive Science written by Daniel Schmicking and published by Springer Science & Business Media. This book was released on 2009-12-16 with total page 676 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This volume explores the essential issues involved in bringing phenomenology together with the cognitive sciences, and provides some examples of research located at the intersection of these disciplines. The topics addressed here cover a lot of ground, including questions about naturalizing phenomenology, the precise methods of phenomenology and how they can be used in the empirical cognitive sciences, specific analyses of perception, attention, emotion, imagination, embodied movement, action and agency, representation and cognition, inters- jectivity, language and metaphor. In addition there are chapters that focus on empirical experiments involving psychophysics, perception, and neuro- and psychopathologies. The idea that phenomenology, understood as a philosophical approach taken by thinkers like Husserl, Heidegger, Sartre, Merleau-Ponty, and others, can offer a positive contribution to the cognitive sciences is a relatively recent idea. Prior to the 1990s, phenomenology was employed in a critique of the first wave of cognitivist and computational approaches to the mind (see Dreyfus 1972). What some consider a second wave in cognitive science, with emphasis on connectionism and neuros- ence, opened up possibilities for phenomenological intervention in a more positive way, resulting in proposals like neurophenomenology (Varela 1996). Thus, bra- imaging technologies can turn to phenomenological insights to guide experimen- tion (see, e. g. , Jack and Roepstorff 2003; Gallagher and Zahavi 2008).

The Ego Tunnel

Author : Thomas Metzinger
Publisher : Basic Books
ISBN 13 : 0786744421
Total Pages : 290 pages
Book Rating : 4.7/5 (867 download)

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Book Synopsis The Ego Tunnel by : Thomas Metzinger

Download or read book The Ego Tunnel written by Thomas Metzinger and published by Basic Books. This book was released on 2009-03-17 with total page 290 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Examine the inner workings of the mind and learn what consciousness and a sense of self really means - and if it even exists. We're used to thinking about the self as an independent entity, something that we either have or are. In The Ego Tunnel, philosopher Thomas Metzinger claims otherwise: No such thing as a self exists. The conscious self is the content of a model created by our brain-an internal image, but one we cannot experience as an image. Everything we experience is "a virtual self in a virtual reality."But if the self is not "real," why and how did it evolve? How does the brain construct it? Do we still have souls, free will, personal autonomy, or moral accountability? In a time when the science of cognition is becoming as controversial as evolution, The Ego Tunnel provides a stunningly original take on the mystery of the mind.

Beyond Words

Author : Carol-Lynne Moore
Publisher : Routledge
ISBN 13 : 1136652752
Total Pages : 257 pages
Book Rating : 4.1/5 (366 download)

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Book Synopsis Beyond Words by : Carol-Lynne Moore

Download or read book Beyond Words written by Carol-Lynne Moore and published by Routledge. This book was released on 2012-03-12 with total page 257 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: "Beyond Words presents movement observation and analysis techniques to examine every day human interactions, allowing performers to understand them in a new light. Carol-Lynne Moore and Kaoru Yamamoto build on the techniques they expertly displayed in the first edition of the book, maintaining a focus on the process of movement as opposed to discussions of static body language. The authors combine textual discussion with a new set of website-hosted video instructions to help readers develop an in-depth understanding of nonverbal communication. This new second edition is fully revised with a new introduction, and is illustrated throughout. It presents a fascinating insight into this vital field of study and will be an invaluable resource for scholars and practitioners in many areas of performance analysis, choreography and actor training"--

Literary Medicine: Brain Disease and Doctors in Novels, Theater, and Film

Author : J. Bogousslavsky
Publisher : Karger Medical and Scientific Publishers
ISBN 13 : 3318022721
Total Pages : 272 pages
Book Rating : 4.3/5 (18 download)

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Book Synopsis Literary Medicine: Brain Disease and Doctors in Novels, Theater, and Film by : J. Bogousslavsky

Download or read book Literary Medicine: Brain Disease and Doctors in Novels, Theater, and Film written by J. Bogousslavsky and published by Karger Medical and Scientific Publishers. This book was released on 2013-03-07 with total page 272 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Classical and modern literature is full of patients with interesting neurological, cognitive, or psychiatric diseases, often including detailed and accurate descriptions, which suggests the authors were inspired by observations of real people. In many cases these literary portrayals of diseases even predate their formal identification by medical science. Fictional literature encompasses nearly all kinds of disorders affecting the nervous system, with certain favorites such as memory loss and behavioral syndromes. There are even unique observations that cannot be found in scientific and clinical literature because of the lack of appropriate studies. Not only does literature offer a creative and humane look at disorders of the brain and mind, but just as authors have been inspired by medicine and real disorders, clinicians have also gained knowledge from literary depictions of the disorders they encounter in their daily practice. This book provides an amazing and fascinating look at neurological conditions, patients, and doctors in literature and film in a way which is both nostalgic and novel.

Embodied Communication in Humans and Machines

Author : Ipke Wachsmuth
Publisher : OUP Oxford
ISBN 13 : 0191552429
Total Pages : 496 pages
Book Rating : 4.1/5 (915 download)

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Book Synopsis Embodied Communication in Humans and Machines by : Ipke Wachsmuth

Download or read book Embodied Communication in Humans and Machines written by Ipke Wachsmuth and published by OUP Oxford. This book was released on 2008-09-04 with total page 496 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: When people communicate face to face they don't just exchange verbal information. Rather, communication encompasses the whole body. Communication partners synchronize their body sway, and mimic or imitate each other's body postures and actions. They produce a multitude of manual and facial gestures that help to illustrate what is being said, show how communication partners feel, or or reveal verbal deception. Moreover, face-to-face communication takes place in shared contexts where partners jointly attend and refer to the same objects, often while working on joint tasks such as carrying a table or repairing a car together. Traditionally, communication research has neglected these parts of communication using the engineering model of signal transmission as the main theoretical metaphor. This book takes a new look at recent empirical findings in the cognitive and neurosciences, showing that the traditional approach is insufficient, and presenting a new interdisciplinary perspective, the Embodied Communication perspective. The core claim of the Embodied Communication perspective is that human communication involves parallel and highly interactive couplings between communication partners. These couplings range from low-level systems for performing and understanding instrumental actions, like the mirror system, to higher-systems that interpret symbols in a cultural context. The book can also serve as a guide for engineers who construct artificial agents and robots that should be able to interact with humans.

Embodiment, Ego-Space, and Action

Author : Roberta L. Klatzky
Publisher : Psychology Press
ISBN 13 : 1136678441
Total Pages : 594 pages
Book Rating : 4.1/5 (366 download)

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Book Synopsis Embodiment, Ego-Space, and Action by : Roberta L. Klatzky

Download or read book Embodiment, Ego-Space, and Action written by Roberta L. Klatzky and published by Psychology Press. This book was released on 2008-06-20 with total page 594 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The majority of research on human perception and action examines sensors and effectors in relative isolation. What is less often considered in these research domains is that humans interact with a perceived world in which they themselves are part of the perceptual representation, as are the positions and actions (potential or ongoing) of other acti