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How Institutions Matter For Local Development
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Book Synopsis Local Governance, Economic Development and Institutions by : G. Gomez
Download or read book Local Governance, Economic Development and Institutions written by G. Gomez and published by Springer. This book was released on 2016-04-08 with total page 347 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: 'Development' is what most people see as progress in the places where they live and in the ways they live. It has to do with public services, the ways to complain when these are not delivered properly, and the spaces to change power structures. It is related to the economy, the opportunities to access a secure job, a sustainable livelihood and increased welfare while caring for the planet and others. It is also linked to the institutions that allow people to live life well, using resources ethically and doing business responsibly in relation to other communities and future generations. This edited collection examines the interconnections between local governance, economic development and institutions, by focusing on what initiatives work and under what conditions they do so. Based on a variety of theories and empirical data, it presents evidence from current experiences around the world, revealed by researchers across different continents and several generations.
Book Synopsis How Institutions Matter for Local Development by : Marsela Dauti
Download or read book How Institutions Matter for Local Development written by Marsela Dauti and published by . This book was released on 2013 with total page 366 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The fundamental role of institutions in development is well established in the literature. However, trajectories of institutional change are poorly understood. Why do changes in formal institutions result in positive consequences for social and economic development in some contexts but fail in others? To address this question, this study examines institutional change processes and outcomes in three Albanian communities - Kuçova, Kala e Dodës, and Saranda - that are characterized by different trajectories of institutional change. Kuçova is characterized by an effective enforcement of formal rules introduced with decentralization; Kala e Dodës is characterized by an effective enforcement of informal rules; and Saranda is characterized by neither effective formal rules, nor longstanding and robust informal rules. Drawing on field observation, semi-structured interviews, and archival research, this study shows that trajectories of institutional change are shaped by institutional legacy, privatization processes, and local leadership. Another concern of this study is to understand the outcomes of participatory decisionmaking. It examines the outcomes of promoting citizen participation in decision making in a context where participation did not emerge from the community but rather was promoted by municipal leaders. Drawing on field observation and semi-structured interviews with local officials and community members, this study shows that a top-down approach to participation has led to more informed and trustful citizens, but not empowered citizens capable of holding local leaders accountable. Several conclusions can be drawn from this study to promote greater participation in decision making in contexts characterized by distrustful relationships between local officials and community members. First, local officials should take a leading role in mobilizing community members to participate in decision making. Second, local officials should be well-prepared when participating in meetings and keep community members informed on local government affairs. Third, local development projects promoting citizen participation in decision making should be long term. The expectation is that decentralization will promote greater participation of community members in formal organizations, such as public hearing and commissions. What happens in a context that lacks a tradition of democratic participation? Do community members take advantage of the opportunities introduced with decentralization? This study did not find any evidence to support the theoretical expectation that decentralization promotes greater participation of citizens in decision making. Findings shed light on several barriers to participation, such as the lack of confidence in the local government and the expectation that local officials should organize community-based initiatives. This study also focuses on the everyday practices of community members in accessing municipal services and interacting with local officials. How do community members hold their viii representatives accountable? What are their experiences in accessing municipal services? Based on field observation conducted in the municipality of Kuçova and Saranda, this study sheds light on the problems that community members face in accessing municipal services in a context characterized by clientelistic accountability. Findings indicate that social and economic status, access to information, and legal knowledge shape perceptions and experiences accessing municipal services. This study contributes to institutional theory by explaining institutional change processes and outcomes in three communities that are characterized by different trajectories of institutional change. Besides its contribution to institutional theory, this study has policy and practical implications. A better understanding of institutional change processes could help policymakers supporting the development of communities transitioning from centralized to decentralized governance. Findings also inform the work of social work practitioners and more generally development practitioners seeking to improve the access of community members to municipal services and design evidence-based interventions that are tailored to community needs.
Book Synopsis How Institutions Matter! by : Joel Gehman
Download or read book How Institutions Matter! written by Joel Gehman and published by Emerald Group Publishing. This book was released on 2016-12-21 with total page 427 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This double volume presents a collection of 23 papers on how institutions matter to socio-economic life. The effort was seeded by the 2015 Alberta Institutions Conference, which brought together 108 participants from 14 countries and 51 different institutions.
Book Synopsis The Handbook of Economic Development and Institutions by : Jean-Marie Baland
Download or read book The Handbook of Economic Development and Institutions written by Jean-Marie Baland and published by Princeton University Press. This book was released on 2020-01-21 with total page 786 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: "The essential role institutions play in understanding economic development has long been recognised and has been closely studied across the social sciences but some of the most high profile work has been done by economists many of whom are included in this collection covering a wide range of topics including the relationship between institutions and growth, educational systems, the role of the media and the intersection between traditional systems of patronage and political institutions. Each chapter covers the frontier research in its area and points to new areas of research and is the product of extensive workshopping and editing. The editors have also written an excellent introduction which brings together the key themes of the handbook. The list of contributors is stellar (Steven Durlauf, Throsten Beck, Bob Allen,and includes a diverse mix of Western and non Western, male and female scholars)"
Book Synopsis The Long Road to the Industrial Revolution by : J. L. Van Zanden
Download or read book The Long Road to the Industrial Revolution written by J. L. Van Zanden and published by BRILL. This book was released on 2009-06-17 with total page 361 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: ‘The Long Road to the Industrial Revolution’ offers a new explanation of the origins of the industrial revolution in Western Europe by placing development in Europe within a global perspective. It focuses on its specific institutional and demographic development since the late Middle Ages, and on the important role played by human capital formation
Book Synopsis How Informal Institutions Matter by : Zeki Sarigil
Download or read book How Informal Institutions Matter written by Zeki Sarigil and published by University of Michigan Press. This book was released on 2023-09-19 with total page 217 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: In How Informal Institutions Matter, Zeki Sarigil examines the role of informal institutions in sociopolitical life and addresses the following questions: Why and how do informal institutions emerge? To ask this differently, why do agents still create or resort to informal institutions despite the presence of formal institutional rules and regulations? How do informal institutions matter? What roles do they play in sociopolitical life? How can we classify informal institutions? What novel types of informal institutions can we identify and explain? How do informal institutions interact with formal institutions? How do they shape formal institutional rules, mechanisms, and outcomes? Finally, how do existing informal institutions change? What factors might trigger informal institutional change? In order to answer these questions, Sarigil examines several empirical cases of informal institution as derived from various issue areas in the Turkish sociopolitical context (i.e., civil law, conflict resolution, minority rights, and local governance) and from multiple levels (i.e., national and local).
Book Synopsis How Institutions Matter! by : Joel Gehman
Download or read book How Institutions Matter! written by Joel Gehman and published by Emerald Group Publishing. This book was released on 2016-12-22 with total page 340 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This double volume presents a collection of 23 papers on how institutions matter to socio-economic life. The effort was seeded by the 2015 Alberta Institutions Conference, which brought together 108 participants from 14 countries and 51 different institutions.
Book Synopsis Why Nations Fail by : Daron Acemoglu
Download or read book Why Nations Fail written by Daron Acemoglu and published by Currency. This book was released on 2013-09-17 with total page 546 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Brilliant and engagingly written, Why Nations Fail answers the question that has stumped the experts for centuries: Why are some nations rich and others poor, divided by wealth and poverty, health and sickness, food and famine? Is it culture, the weather, geography? Perhaps ignorance of what the right policies are? Simply, no. None of these factors is either definitive or destiny. Otherwise, how to explain why Botswana has become one of the fastest growing countries in the world, while other African nations, such as Zimbabwe, the Congo, and Sierra Leone, are mired in poverty and violence? Daron Acemoglu and James Robinson conclusively show that it is man-made political and economic institutions that underlie economic success (or lack of it). Korea, to take just one of their fascinating examples, is a remarkably homogeneous nation, yet the people of North Korea are among the poorest on earth while their brothers and sisters in South Korea are among the richest. The south forged a society that created incentives, rewarded innovation, and allowed everyone to participate in economic opportunities. The economic success thus spurred was sustained because the government became accountable and responsive to citizens and the great mass of people. Sadly, the people of the north have endured decades of famine, political repression, and very different economic institutions—with no end in sight. The differences between the Koreas is due to the politics that created these completely different institutional trajectories. Based on fifteen years of original research Acemoglu and Robinson marshall extraordinary historical evidence from the Roman Empire, the Mayan city-states, medieval Venice, the Soviet Union, Latin America, England, Europe, the United States, and Africa to build a new theory of political economy with great relevance for the big questions of today, including: - China has built an authoritarian growth machine. Will it continue to grow at such high speed and overwhelm the West? - Are America’s best days behind it? Are we moving from a virtuous circle in which efforts by elites to aggrandize power are resisted to a vicious one that enriches and empowers a small minority? - What is the most effective way to help move billions of people from the rut of poverty to prosperity? More philanthropy from the wealthy nations of the West? Or learning the hard-won lessons of Acemoglu and Robinson’s breakthrough ideas on the interplay between inclusive political and economic institutions? Why Nations Fail will change the way you look at—and understand—the world.
Book Synopsis Institution Building in Weak States by : Andrew Radin
Download or read book Institution Building in Weak States written by Andrew Radin and published by Georgetown University Press. This book was released on 2020-07-01 with total page 274 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The effort to improve state institutions in post-conflict societies is a complicated business. Even when foreign intervention is carried out with the best of intentions and the greatest resources, it often fails. What can account for this failure? In Institution Building in Weak States, Andrew Radin argues that the international community’s approach to building state institutions needs its own reform. This innovative book proposes a new strategy, rooted in a rigorous analysis of recent missions. In contrast to the common strategy of foreign interveners—imposing models drawn from Western countries—Radin shows how pursuing incremental change that accommodates local political interests is more likely to produce effective, accountable, and law-abiding institutions. Drawing on extensive field research and original interviews, Radin examines efforts to reform the central government, military, and police in post-conflict Bosnia and Herzegovina, Kosovo, Iraq, and Timor-Leste. Based on his own experience in defense reform in Ukraine after 2014, Radin also draws parallels with efforts to improve state institutions outside of post-conflict societies. Institution Building in Weak States introduces a domestic opposition theory that better explains why institution building fails and what is required to make it work. With actionable recommendations for smarter policy, the book offers an important corrective for scholars and practitioners of post-conflict missions, international development, peacebuilding, and security cooperation.
Book Synopsis Why Institutions Matter by : Vivien Lowndes
Download or read book Why Institutions Matter written by Vivien Lowndes and published by Bloomsbury Publishing. This book was released on 2013-05-24 with total page 248 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This important new text provides a broad-ranging introduction to the 'new' institutional theories which have become increasingly influential in recent years and gives an assessment of their application and utility in political analysis.
Book Synopsis Global Institutions and Development by : Morten Boas
Download or read book Global Institutions and Development written by Morten Boas and published by Routledge. This book was released on 2004-03 with total page 272 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Examines the concepts that have powerfully influenced development policy and more broadly looks at the role of ideas in international development institutions and how they have affected current development discourse.
Book Synopsis Schools and Urban Revitalization by : Kelly L. Patterson
Download or read book Schools and Urban Revitalization written by Kelly L. Patterson and published by . This book was released on 2014 with total page 206 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: "New research in community development shows that institutions matter. Where the private sector disinvests from the inner city, public and nonprofit institutions step in and provide engines to economic revitalization and promote greater equity in society. Schools and Urban Revitalization collects emerging research in this field, with special interest in new school-neighborhood partnerships that lead today's most vibrant policy responses to urban blight. Adapted from a recent issue of Community Development, Patterson and Silverman collect some of the emerging literature on anchor institutions like schools, universities, churches and cultural centers, and offer a new paradigm for neighbourhood revitalization, exploring its advantages and challenges. While many scholars have come to criticize the "meds and eds" model of organizing around schools and hospitals, the essays show the unique role public schools play in urban revitalization. With case studies from across the United States, including large and mid-sized cities, Schools and Urban Revitalization shows the vital role that schools play in bridging citizens to larger institutions, and more importantly, connecting disenfranchised residents to society."--
Book Synopsis Keys to the City by : Michael Storper
Download or read book Keys to the City written by Michael Storper and published by Princeton University Press. This book was released on 2013-07-21 with total page 289 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Why do some cities grow economically while others decline? Why do some show sustained economic performance while others cycle up and down? In Keys to the City, Michael Storper, one of the world's leading economic geographers, looks at why we should consider economic development issues within a regional context--at the level of the city-region--and why city economies develop unequally. Storper identifies four contexts that shape urban economic development: economic, institutional, innovational and interactional, and political. The book explores how these contexts operate and how they interact, leading to developmental success in some regions and failure in others. Demonstrating that the global economy is increasingly driven by its major cities, the keys to the city are the keys to global development. In his conclusion, Storper specifies eight rules of economic development targeted at policymakers. Keys to the City explains why economists, sociologists, and political scientists should take geography seriously.
Book Synopsis Institutions, Institutional Change and Economic Performance by : Douglass C. North
Download or read book Institutions, Institutional Change and Economic Performance written by Douglass C. North and published by Cambridge University Press. This book was released on 1990-10-26 with total page 164 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: An analytical framework for explaining the ways in which institutions and institutional change affect the performance of economies is developed in this analysis of economic structures.
Book Synopsis Politics Is for Power by : Eitan Hersh
Download or read book Politics Is for Power written by Eitan Hersh and published by Scribner. This book was released on 2020-01-14 with total page 288 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: A brilliant condemnation of political hobbyism—treating politics like entertainment—and a call to arms for well-meaning, well-informed citizens who consume political news, but do not take political action. Who is to blame for our broken politics? The uncomfortable answer to this question starts with ordinary citizens with good intentions. We vote (sometimes) and occasionally sign a petition or attend a rally. But we mainly “engage” by consuming politics as if it’s a sport or a hobby. We soak in daily political gossip and eat up statistics about who’s up and who’s down. We tweet and post and share. We crave outrage. The hours we spend on politics are used mainly as pastime. Instead, we should be spending the same number of hours building political organizations, implementing a long-term vision for our city or town, and getting to know our neighbors, whose votes will be needed for solving hard problems. We could be accumulating power so that when there are opportunities to make a difference—to lobby, to advocate, to mobilize—we will be ready. But most of us who are spending time on politics today are focused inward, choosing roles and activities designed for our short-term pleasure. We are repelled by the slow-and-steady activities that characterize service to the common good. In Politics Is for Power, pioneering and brilliant data analyst Eitan Hersh shows us a way toward more effective political participation. Aided by political theory, history, cutting-edge social science, as well as remarkable stories of ordinary citizens who got off their couches and took political power seriously, this book shows us how to channel our energy away from political hobbyism and toward empowering our values.
Book Synopsis Dilemmas of Regional and Local Development by : Jerzy Bański
Download or read book Dilemmas of Regional and Local Development written by Jerzy Bański and published by Routledge. This book was released on 2020-02-13 with total page 446 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Dilemmas of Regional and Local Development aims to identify, diagnose and evaluate various approaches towards regional and local socio-economic development. Over the course of the book, authors from 12 countries and four continents come together to review experiences and solutions related to regional development in a range of different economic, social and political systems. The first part of the volume focuses on the fundamentals of planning regional and local development, particularly focusing on theoretical solutions and development policy concepts. The second part is more applied, looking at practical instruments and solutions for shaping the local economy, and analysing effective development policy. This book will be of interest to economics, geography, politics, and planning scholars and researchers working on regional sciences and local development.
Book Synopsis Geography, Institutions and Regional Economic Performance by : Riccardo Crescenzi
Download or read book Geography, Institutions and Regional Economic Performance written by Riccardo Crescenzi and published by Springer Science & Business Media. This book was released on 2012-12-13 with total page 434 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The book aims to present “traditional features” of regional science (as geographical concepts and institutions), as well as relatively new topics such as innovation and agglomeration economies. In particular it demonstrates that, contrary to what has been argued by recent economics literature, both geography and institutions (or culture) are relevant for local development. In fact, these phenomena, along with the movement of goods and workers, are among the main reasons for persisting development differentials. These intriguing relationships are at the heart of the analysis presented in this book and form the conceptual basis for a promising institutional approach to economic geography.
