How Has The Globalization Of Labor Affected The Labor Income Share In Advanced Countries

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How Has the Globalization of Labor Affected the Labor Income Share in Advanced Countries?

Author : Irina Tytell
Publisher :
ISBN 13 :
Total Pages : 56 pages
Book Rating : 4.:/5 (129 download)

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Book Synopsis How Has the Globalization of Labor Affected the Labor Income Share in Advanced Countries? by : Irina Tytell

Download or read book How Has the Globalization of Labor Affected the Labor Income Share in Advanced Countries? written by Irina Tytell and published by . This book was released on 2014 with total page 56 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Labor markets around the world have become increasingly integrated over the last two decades, with the entry of China, India and the former Eastern bloc into the world trading system, the removal of restrictions on trade and capital flows, and rapid technological progress. At the same time, the share of labor in national income decreased in most advanced countries. This paper uses a labor share equation derived from a trans-log revenue function to estimate the contributions of globalization, technological progress, and labor market policies to the decline in the labor share. The results, obtained for 18 advanced countries over 1982-2002, suggest that globalization was only one of several factors that have affected the labor share. Technological progress, especially in the information and communications sectors, has had a bigger impact, particularly on the labor share in unskilled sectors.

How has the Globalization of Labor Affected the Labor Income Share in Advanced Countries?

Author : Irina Tytell
Publisher : INTERNATIONAL MONETARY FUND
ISBN 13 : 9781451868616
Total Pages : 54 pages
Book Rating : 4.8/5 (686 download)

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Book Synopsis How has the Globalization of Labor Affected the Labor Income Share in Advanced Countries? by : Irina Tytell

Download or read book How has the Globalization of Labor Affected the Labor Income Share in Advanced Countries? written by Irina Tytell and published by INTERNATIONAL MONETARY FUND. This book was released on 2007-12-01 with total page 54 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Labor markets around the world have become increasingly integrated over the last two decades, with the entry of China, India and the former Eastern bloc into the world trading system, the removal of restrictions on trade and capital flows, and rapid technological progress. At the same time, the share of labor in national income decreased in most advanced countries. This paper uses a labor share equation derived from a translog revenue function to estimate the contributions of globalization, technological progress, and labor market policies to the decline in the labor share. The results, obtained for 18 advanced countries over 1982- 2002, suggest that globalization was only one of several factors that have affected the labor share. Technological progress, especially in the information and communications sectors, has had a bigger impact, particularly on the labor share in unskilled sectors.

How Has the Globalization of Labor Affected the Labor Share in Advanced Countries?

Author : Florence Jaumotte
Publisher :
ISBN 13 :
Total Pages : 60 pages
Book Rating : 4.:/5 (318 download)

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Book Synopsis How Has the Globalization of Labor Affected the Labor Share in Advanced Countries? by : Florence Jaumotte

Download or read book How Has the Globalization of Labor Affected the Labor Share in Advanced Countries? written by Florence Jaumotte and published by . This book was released on 2007 with total page 60 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Labor markets around the world have become increasingly integrated over the last two decades, with the entry of China, India and the former Eastern bloc into the world trading system, the removal of restrictions on trade and capital flows, and rapid technological progress. At the same time, the share of labor in national income decreased in most advanced countries. This paper uses a labor share equation derived from a translog revenue function to estimate the contributions of globalization, technological progress, and labor market policies to the decline in the labor share. The results, obtained for 18 advanced countries over 1982- 2002, suggest that globalization was only one of several factors that have affected the labor share. Technological progress, especially in the information and communications sectors, has had a bigger impact, particularly on the labor share in unskilled sectors.

Globalization, Wages, and the Quality of Jobs

Author : Raymond Robertson
Publisher : World Bank Publications
ISBN 13 : 0821379550
Total Pages : 304 pages
Book Rating : 4.8/5 (213 download)

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Book Synopsis Globalization, Wages, and the Quality of Jobs by : Raymond Robertson

Download or read book Globalization, Wages, and the Quality of Jobs written by Raymond Robertson and published by World Bank Publications. This book was released on 2009-07-17 with total page 304 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Since the early 1990s, most developing economies have become more integrated with the world s economy. Trade and foreign investment barriers have been progressively lifted and international trade agreements signed. These reforms have led to important changes in the structures of these economies. The labor markets have adjusted to these major changes, and workers were required to adapt to them in one way or another. In 2006, the Social Protection Unit of the World Bank launched an important research program to understand the impact that these profound structural changes have had on workers in developing countries. 'Globalization, Wages, and the Quality of Jobs: Five Country Studies' presents the findings and insights of this important research program. In particular, the authors present the similar experiences of low-income countries with globalization and suggest that low-income countries working conditions have improved in the sectors exposed to globalization. However, 'Globalization, Wages, and the Quality of Jobs' also highlights concerns about the sustainability of these improvements and that the positive demonstration effects on the rest of the economy are unclear. The empirical literature that exists, although vast, does not lead to a consensus view on globalization s eventual impact on labor markets. Understanding the effects of globalization is crucial for governments concerned about employment, working conditions, and ultimately, poverty reduction. Beyond job creation, improving the quality of those jobs is an essential condition for achieving poverty reduction. 'Globalization, Wages, and the Quality of Jobs' adds to the existing literature in two ways. First, the authors provide a comprehensive literature review on the current wisdom on globalization and present a micro-based framework for analyzing globalization and working conditions in developing countries. Second, the authors apply this framework to five developing countries: Cambodia, El Salvador, Honduras, Indonesia, and Madagascar. This volume will be of interest to government policy makers, trade officials, and others working to expand the benefits of globalization to developing countries.

Why Is Labor Receiving a Smaller Share of Global Income? Theory and Empirical Evidence

Author : Mai Chi Dao
Publisher : International Monetary Fund
ISBN 13 : 1484311043
Total Pages : 70 pages
Book Rating : 4.4/5 (843 download)

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Book Synopsis Why Is Labor Receiving a Smaller Share of Global Income? Theory and Empirical Evidence by : Mai Chi Dao

Download or read book Why Is Labor Receiving a Smaller Share of Global Income? Theory and Empirical Evidence written by Mai Chi Dao and published by International Monetary Fund. This book was released on 2017-07-24 with total page 70 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This paper documents the downward trend in the labor share of global income since the early 1990s, as well as its heterogeneous evolution across countries, industries and worker skill groups, using a newly assembled dataset, and analyzes the drivers behind it. Technological progress, along with varying exposure to routine occupations, explains about half the overall decline in advanced economies, with a larger negative impact on middle-skilled workers. In emerging markets, the labor share evolution is explained predominantly by global integration, particularly the expansion of global value chains that contributed to raising the overall capital intensity in production.

Effects of Globalization on Labor's Share in National Income

Author : Anastasia Guscina
Publisher : International Monetary Fund
ISBN 13 :
Total Pages : 40 pages
Book Rating : 4.:/5 (318 download)

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Book Synopsis Effects of Globalization on Labor's Share in National Income by : Anastasia Guscina

Download or read book Effects of Globalization on Labor's Share in National Income written by Anastasia Guscina and published by International Monetary Fund. This book was released on 2006-12 with total page 40 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The past two decades have seen a decline in labor's share of national income in several industrial countries. This paper analyzes the role of three factors in explaining movements in labor's share--factor-biased technological progress, openness to trade, and changes in employment protection--using a panel of 18 industrial countries over 1960-2000. Since most studies suggest that globalization and rapid technological progress (associated with accelerated information technology development) began in the mid-1980s, the sample is split in 1985 into preglobalization/pre-IT revolution and postglobalization/post-IT revolution eras. The results suggest that the decline in labor's share during the past few decades in the OECD member countries may have been largely an equilibrium, rather than a cyclical, phenomenon, as the distribution of national income between labor and capital adjusted to capital-augmenting technological progress and a more globalized world economy.

Why Is Labor Receiving a Smaller Share of Global Income? Theory and Empirical Evidence

Author : Mai Chi Dao
Publisher : International Monetary Fund
ISBN 13 : 1484313054
Total Pages : 70 pages
Book Rating : 4.4/5 (843 download)

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Book Synopsis Why Is Labor Receiving a Smaller Share of Global Income? Theory and Empirical Evidence by : Mai Chi Dao

Download or read book Why Is Labor Receiving a Smaller Share of Global Income? Theory and Empirical Evidence written by Mai Chi Dao and published by International Monetary Fund. This book was released on 2017-07-25 with total page 70 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This paper documents the downward trend in the labor share of global income since the early 1990s, as well as its heterogeneous evolution across countries, industries and worker skill groups, using a newly assembled dataset, and analyzes the drivers behind it. Technological progress, along with varying exposure to routine occupations, explains about half the overall decline in advanced economies, with a larger negative impact on middle-skilled workers. In emerging markets, the labor share evolution is explained predominantly by global integration, particularly the expansion of global value chains that contributed to raising the overall capital intensity in production.

The Effect of Globalization on Wages in the Advanced Economies

Author : Matthew J. Slaughter
Publisher :
ISBN 13 :
Total Pages : 0 pages
Book Rating : 4.:/5 (137 download)

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Book Synopsis The Effect of Globalization on Wages in the Advanced Economies by : Matthew J. Slaughter

Download or read book The Effect of Globalization on Wages in the Advanced Economies written by Matthew J. Slaughter and published by . This book was released on 2008 with total page 0 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Increased globalization--the international integration of markets for goods, factors, and technology--has coincided in the past two decades with a shift in labor demand away from less-skilled workers toward those with more skills. This shift in labor demand has produced a widening of the gap in wages between the two groups of workers, along with rises in income inequality and unemployment, primarily among low-skilled workers. This paper summarizes research on the connection between globalization and labor markets in the advanced economies. Much of the concern about the effects of globalization has focused on the impact of imports from developing countries on wages, employment, and income inequality. However, the consensus of empirical research is that increased trade accounts for only about 10 to 20 percent of the changes in wages and income distribution in the advanced economies. The more important influence on labor markets in the 1980's and 1990's has been a technology-driven shift in labor demand away from less-skilled workers and towards more-skilled workers. This has resulted in increased wage inequality in some countries and in lower relative employment among unskilled workers in others. Increased capital mobility, including the "outsourcing" of production to low-wage countries, as well as immigration from developing countries to the advanced economies appear to have had only modest effects on labor markets in the advanced economies. Nonetheless, increased globalization can increase the sensitivity of wages and employment to external shocks and thereby contribute to increased job insecurity. Moreover, the burden of adjusting to changes in the global economy falls most heavily on low-skilled workers. Policymakers must keep in mind potential social dislocations from these changes and ensure that those who are displaced do not become marginalized. It is important, however, that any policy actions do not impede adjustment, but rather provide incentives for workers and firms to adjust to and therefore gain from changes in the global economic environment.

Globalization and Labor Conditions

Author : Robert J. Flanagan
Publisher : Oxford University Press
ISBN 13 : 019804173X
Total Pages : 271 pages
Book Rating : 4.1/5 (98 download)

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Book Synopsis Globalization and Labor Conditions by : Robert J. Flanagan

Download or read book Globalization and Labor Conditions written by Robert J. Flanagan and published by Oxford University Press. This book was released on 2006-07-20 with total page 271 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This book explains how three major mechanisms of globalization international trade, international migration, and the activities of multinational companies have altered working conditions and labor rights around the world during the late 20th century. Drawing on analyses of a database on international labor conditions assembled for this project and a growing research literature on globalization and labor conditions, the book finds that trade, migration, and multinational companies are associated with improvements in world labor conditions.

Moving for Prosperity

Author : World Bank
Publisher : World Bank Publications
ISBN 13 : 1464812829
Total Pages : 407 pages
Book Rating : 4.4/5 (648 download)

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Book Synopsis Moving for Prosperity by : World Bank

Download or read book Moving for Prosperity written by World Bank and published by World Bank Publications. This book was released on 2018-06-14 with total page 407 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Migration presents a stark policy dilemma. Research repeatedly confirms that migrants, their families back home, and the countries that welcome them experience large economic and social gains. Easing immigration restrictions is one of the most effective tools for ending poverty and sharing prosperity across the globe. Yet, we see widespread opposition in destination countries, where migrants are depicted as the primary cause of many of their economic problems, from high unemployment to declining social services. Moving for Prosperity: Global Migration and Labor Markets addresses this dilemma. In addition to providing comprehensive data and empirical analysis of migration patterns and their impact, the report argues for a series of policies that work with, rather than against, labor market forces. Policy makers should aim to ease short-run dislocations and adjustment costs so that the substantial long-term benefits are shared more evenly. Only then can we avoid draconian migration restrictions that will hurt everybody. Moving for Prosperity aims to inform and stimulate policy debate, facilitate further research, and identify prominent knowledge gaps. It demonstrates why existing income gaps, demographic differences, and rapidly declining transportation costs mean that global mobility will continue to be a key feature of our lives for generations to come. Its audience includes anyone interested in one of the most controversial policy debates of our time.

IMF Working Papers

Author : International Monetary Fund
Publisher :
ISBN 13 :
Total Pages : pages
Book Rating : 4.:/5 (842 download)

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Book Synopsis IMF Working Papers by : International Monetary Fund

Download or read book IMF Working Papers written by International Monetary Fund and published by . This book was released on 2008 with total page pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:

Preparing Chemists and Chemical Engineers for a Globally Oriented Workforce

Author : National Research Council
Publisher : National Academies Press
ISBN 13 : 0309092035
Total Pages : 90 pages
Book Rating : 4.3/5 (9 download)

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Book Synopsis Preparing Chemists and Chemical Engineers for a Globally Oriented Workforce by : National Research Council

Download or read book Preparing Chemists and Chemical Engineers for a Globally Oriented Workforce written by National Research Council and published by National Academies Press. This book was released on 2004-09-02 with total page 90 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Globalizationâ€"the flow of people, goods, services, capital, and technology across international bordersâ€"is significantly impacting the chemistry and chemical engineering professions. Chemical companies are seeking new ideas, a trained workforce, and new market opportunities regardless of geographic location. During an October 2003 workshop, leaders in chemistry and chemical engineering from industry, academia, government, and private funding organizations explored the implications of an increasingly global research environment for the chemistry and chemical engineering workforce. The workshop presentations described deficiencies in the current educational system and the need to create and sustain a globally aware workforce in the near future. The goal of the workshop was to inform the Chemical Sciences Roundtable, which provides a science-oriented, apolitical forum for leaders in the chemical sciences to discuss chemically related issues affecting government, industry, and universities.

The Exposure to Routinization: Labor Market Implications for Developed and Developing Economies

Author : Ms.Mitali Das
Publisher : International Monetary Fund
ISBN 13 : 1484361903
Total Pages : 39 pages
Book Rating : 4.4/5 (843 download)

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Book Synopsis The Exposure to Routinization: Labor Market Implications for Developed and Developing Economies by : Ms.Mitali Das

Download or read book The Exposure to Routinization: Labor Market Implications for Developed and Developing Economies written by Ms.Mitali Das and published by International Monetary Fund. This book was released on 2018-06-13 with total page 39 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Evidence that the automation of routine tasks has contributed to the polarization of labor markets has been documented for many developed economies, but little is known about its incidence in developing economies. We propose a measure of the exposure to routinization—that is, the risk of the displacement of labor by information technology—and assemble several facts that link the exposure to routinization with the prospects of polarization. Drawing on exposures for about 85 countries since 1990, we establish that: (1) developing economies are significantly less exposed to routinization than their developed counterparts; (2) the initial exposure to routinization is a strong predictor of the long-run exposure; and (3) among countries with high initial exposures to routinization, polarization dynamics have been strong and subsequent exposures have fallen; while among those with low initial exposure, the globalization of trade and structural transformation have prevailed and routine exposures have risen. Although we find little evidence of polarization in developing countries thus far, with rapidly rising exposures to routinization, the risks of future labor market polarization have escalated with potentially significant consequences for productivity, growth and distribution.

IMF Working Papers

Author : International Monetary Fund
Publisher :
ISBN 13 :
Total Pages : 56 pages
Book Rating : 4.:/5 (946 download)

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Book Synopsis IMF Working Papers by : International Monetary Fund

Download or read book IMF Working Papers written by International Monetary Fund and published by . This book was released on 2008 with total page 56 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:

Globalization and Informal Jobs in Developing Countries

Author : Marc Bacchetta
Publisher : World Trade Organization
ISBN 13 : 9789287036919
Total Pages : 0 pages
Book Rating : 4.0/5 (369 download)

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Book Synopsis Globalization and Informal Jobs in Developing Countries by : Marc Bacchetta

Download or read book Globalization and Informal Jobs in Developing Countries written by Marc Bacchetta and published by World Trade Organization. This book was released on 2009 with total page 0 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: World trade has expanded significantly in recent years, making a major contribution to global growth. Economic growth has not led to a corresponding improvement in working conditions and living standards for many workers. In developing countries, job creation has largely taken place in the informal economy, where around 60 per cent of workers are employed. Most of the workers in the informal economy have almost no job security, low incomes and no social protection, with limited opportunities to benefit from globalization. This study focuses on the relationship between trade And The growth of the informal economy in developing countries. Based on existing academic literature, complemented with new empirical research by the ILO And The WTO, The study discusses how trade reform affects different aspects of the informal economy. it also examines how high rates of informal employment diminish the scope for developing countries to translate trade openness into sustainable long-term growth. The report analyses how well-designed trade and decent-work friendly policies can complement each other so as to promote sustainable development and growing prosperity in developing countries.

Labor in the Era of Globalization

Author : Clair Brown
Publisher : Cambridge University Press
ISBN 13 : 1139484311
Total Pages : 477 pages
Book Rating : 4.1/5 (394 download)

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Book Synopsis Labor in the Era of Globalization by : Clair Brown

Download or read book Labor in the Era of Globalization written by Clair Brown and published by Cambridge University Press. This book was released on 2009-11-23 with total page 477 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The third quarter of the twentieth century was a golden age for labor in the advanced industrial countries, characterized by rising incomes, relatively egalitarian wage structures, and reasonable levels of job security. The subsequent quarter-century has seen less positive performance along a number of these dimensions. This period has instead been marked by rapid globalization of economic activity that has brought increased insecurity to workers. The contributors to this volume distinguish four explanations for this historic shift. These include 1) rapid development of new technologies; 2) global competition for both business and labor; 3) deregulation of industry with more reliance on markets; and 4) increased immigration of workers, especially unskilled workers, from developing countries. In addition to analyzing the causes of these trends, the contributors also investigate important consequences, ranging from changes in collective bargaining and employment relations to family formation decisions and incarceration policy.

Globalization and Inequality in Advanced Economies

Author : Joël Hellier
Publisher : Springer Nature
ISBN 13 : 3031312562
Total Pages : 160 pages
Book Rating : 4.0/5 (313 download)

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Book Synopsis Globalization and Inequality in Advanced Economies by : Joël Hellier

Download or read book Globalization and Inequality in Advanced Economies written by Joël Hellier and published by Springer Nature. This book was released on 2023-06-23 with total page 160 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This volume surveys and combines the different dimensions of globalization so as to propose a general diagnosis of the way they interact to explain growing inequality in advanced economies. The extant economic literature has widely analyzed (i) the impact on inequality of trade between advanced and emerging countries (North-South Trade), particularly offshoring, (ii) the impact of tax base mobility on tax competition and (iii) the globalization-driven constraints on social policies and labor market institutions. Those three strands of analysis and the related literature have been reviewed in a number of surveys but have not been combined to provide an extensive study of the impact of their interactions on inequality. This volume fills that gap. Providing a general diagnosis of the globalization-inequality nexus within advanced economies and opening new avenues for research and potential reforms, this book will be of interest to researchers and students of economics and the social sciences.