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Household Consumption In Japan Role Of Income And Asset Developments
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Book Synopsis Household Consumption in Japan – Role of Income and Asset Developments by : Erkki Vihriälä
Download or read book Household Consumption in Japan – Role of Income and Asset Developments written by Erkki Vihriälä and published by International Monetary Fund. This book was released on 2017-02-10 with total page 33 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: We study Japanese household consumption at a disaggregated level focusing on the role of income and asset dynamics. Stagnation of real per capita consumption is widespread acrosslabor market groups, age groups and regions. Consumption-to-income ratios have been mildly increasing due to the rising share of pensioners with significant assets. Evidence therefore suggests that assets have become more important in financing consumption. However, the short-term consumption dynamics remain quite sensitive to income growth but not to asset market movements.
Book Synopsis Rebalancing in Japan by : Kiichi Tokuoka
Download or read book Rebalancing in Japan written by Kiichi Tokuoka and published by International Monetary Fund. This book was released on 2010-12-01 with total page 23 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Boosting growth through rebalancing is critical for addressing pressures from Japan’s aging population. This paper focuses on one important untapped source of growth - private consumption, and argues that the key to reviving consumption is boosting household disposable income through higher wages, especially in services, and higher property income. The paper also suggests that the impact of higher property income on consumption could be potentially large.
Book Synopsis Destabilized Consumption and the Post-bubble Consumer Environment by : Nihon Kaihatsu Ginkō
Download or read book Destabilized Consumption and the Post-bubble Consumer Environment written by Nihon Kaihatsu Ginkō and published by . This book was released on 2000 with total page 48 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Book Synopsis Household Consumption and Saving in Japan by : Hajime Wada
Download or read book Household Consumption and Saving in Japan written by Hajime Wada and published by . This book was released on 1997 with total page 50 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Book Synopsis Income Distribution And Economic Growth Of Japan Under The Deflationary Economy: Theory And Evidence Based On An Econometric Analysis by : Osamu Nakamura
Download or read book Income Distribution And Economic Growth Of Japan Under The Deflationary Economy: Theory And Evidence Based On An Econometric Analysis written by Osamu Nakamura and published by World Scientific. This book was released on 2013-03-25 with total page 270 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The Japanese economy has experienced a structural deflationary gap since the mid-1970s. Although the gap was decreasing in the bubble period, the deflationary economy has become more serious since the bursting of the bubble. Accordingly, this book attempts to examine the causes of the Japanese deflationary economy, characterized as a structural deflation and discusses how to alleviate the prolonged slowdown in order to restore Japan to a trajectory of high economic growth, with a special focus on the function of income distribution. In addition, not only income distribution flows but also accumulation of assets and debts in the household sector are taken into account for improving the prolonged economic stagnation of Japan by employing an econometric analysis with modeling and forecasting techniques. Furthermore, this book makes a long-term forecast of the Japanese economy, up to the fiscal year 2030, with policy scenario simulations in order to capture the long-term growth path of the Japanese economy and to analyze the effects of alternative policies on the economy.
Book Synopsis Understanding Saving by : Fumio Hayashi
Download or read book Understanding Saving written by Fumio Hayashi and published by MIT Press. This book was released on 1997 with total page 532 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Analysis of consumption and saving decisions by households has always been one of the most active areas of research in economics--and with good reason. Private consumption is the most important component of aggregate demand in a capitalist economy, and explaining consumption is the key element in most macroeconomic forecasting models. To evaluate the effect of government policies invariably requires the knowledge of how they change parameters relevant for household decision making. Understanding Saving collects eleven papers by economist Fumio Hayashi, along with two previously unpublished chapters, for a total of thirteen chapters. The monograph, which brings together Hayashi's empirical research on saving, is divided into three sections. Part I, "Liquidity Constraints", contains five studies that test the well-known implication of the Life Cycle-Permanent Income hypothesis that households shield consumption from income fluctuations. Part II, "Risk-Sharing and Altruism", contains three papers that examine the interactions between related and unrelated households predicted by the hypothesis for the US and Japanese households. The three papers in Part III, "Japanese Saving Behavior", present the author's explanation of the high saving rate in postwar Japan.
Book Synopsis Changes in Japanese Household Income, Savings, and Consumption by : Masato Nakane
Download or read book Changes in Japanese Household Income, Savings, and Consumption written by Masato Nakane and published by . This book was released on 2011 with total page 216 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: When Japan experienced high economic growth, its society was characterized by low inequality in income, a high saving rate and a low consumption rate. However, after Japan's transition to slow economic growth, it was said that the society lost income mobility, and the inequality among households deteriorated. In addition, the aggregate household saving rate dropped drastically. Meanwhile, consumption expanded, which gave people more options regarding their expenditure. With this background, this thesis examines the impacts of these changes-- income mobility over time, savings rate changes, and intra-household allocation--using a long run panel data set for Japan. Chapter 1 studies income mobility in Japanese society. Household income mobility at the macro level is measured by six different methods. The results show that as a whole, household income mobility became lower in the long-run. At the micro level, unconditional micro income mobility indicated that it is possible that poorer people would catch up with richer people. Finally, conditional micro income mobility also shows that there exists conditional convergence. In Chapter 2, the causes for the decrease in the aggregate household saving are analyzed. The aggregate time series analysis reveals that the increase in the ratio of the aged population ratio partially explains the sharp decrease in the household saving rate. By using household level panel data, it was found that savings driven by the motive of home ownership could partly account for this decrease in the saving rate. The increasing burden of education expenditure is among the strongest candidates for explaining the change. Finally, some weak indirect evidence in support of the target saving hypothesis is found. In Chapter 3, the characteristics of intra-household allocation are discussed. Using the Slutsky symmetry test, the unitary model could not be rejected for the consumption behavior of one-person households. Meanwhile, the tests for SR1, distribution factor proportionality and linearity indicated that the collective model might explain the consumption behavior of two-person households. Finally, the hypothesis that three-person households could be represented by the collective model for two-person households could not be rejected.
Book Synopsis Equity and Poverty Under Rapid Economic Growth by : Toshiyuki Mizoguchi
Download or read book Equity and Poverty Under Rapid Economic Growth written by Toshiyuki Mizoguchi and published by . This book was released on 1984 with total page 264 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Economic analysis of the impact of rapid economic growth on income distribution and poverty in Japan - reviews post-war agricultural income, non-agricultural income and income disparity among merchants, skilled worker, households and industrial workers; studies asset holdings, land tenure and difference in wealth; compares housing conditions in Korea R, Taiwan, China, Hong Kong and Japan; analyses consumption patterns, educational expenditure, health service, social security and poverty level by stages of economic development. Bibliography, statistical tables.
Book Synopsis Personal Savings and Consumption in Postwar Japan by : Toshiyuki Mizoguchi
Download or read book Personal Savings and Consumption in Postwar Japan written by Toshiyuki Mizoguchi and published by . This book was released on 1970 with total page 328 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Economic research study of personal savings and consumption behaviour of families in post-war Japan - covers the theoretics of consumption functions, the standard of living, trends, the influence of position in the occupational structure on family budgets, etc., and includes an international comparison of saving and consumption ratios. Diagrams and references.
Book Synopsis The Causes of Japan's "lost Decade" by : Charles Horioka
Download or read book The Causes of Japan's "lost Decade" written by Charles Horioka and published by . This book was released on 2006 with total page 45 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: In this paper, I analyze the causes of the prolonged slowdown of the Japanese economy in the 1990s and find that the stagnation of investment, especially private fixed investment, was the primary culprit. I then investigate the causes of the stagnation of household consumption during the 1990s and find that the stagnation of household disposable income, the decline in household wealth, and increased uncertainty about the future are among the contributing factors. Finally, I consider whether demand side factors or supply side factors were more important as causes of the prolonged slowdown of the Japanese economy in the 1990s and conclude that the former (especially misguided government policies) were probably more important.
Book Synopsis The Causes of Japan's "Lost Decade" by : Charles Yuji Horioka
Download or read book The Causes of Japan's "Lost Decade" written by Charles Yuji Horioka and published by . This book was released on 2010 with total page 47 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: In this paper, I analyze the causes of the prolonged slowdown of the Japanese economy in the 1990s and find that the stagnation of investment, especially private fixed investment, was the primary culprit. I then investigate the causes of the stagnation of household consumption during the 1990s and find that the stagnation of household disposable income, the decline in household wealth, and increased uncertainty about the future are among the contributing factors. Finally, I consider whether demand side factors or supply side factors were more important as causes of the prolonged slowdown of the Japanese economy in the 1990s and conclude that the former (especially misguided government policies) were probably more important.
Book Synopsis Demographic Dynamics, Labor Force Participation and Household Asset Accumulation by : Albert Ando
Download or read book Demographic Dynamics, Labor Force Participation and Household Asset Accumulation written by Albert Ando and published by . This book was released on 1995 with total page 79 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: A dynamic model of the demographic structure of Japan is summarized. It is capable of tracing the dynamic development of the Japanese population, including the distribution of families by age, sex, and marital status of the head, as well as by the number and age of children and other dependents. This model is combined with a specification of the processes generating family income and consumption, and then used to generate the pattern of aggregate income, saving and asset accumulation for the period 1985-2090 under alternative fertility assumptions. The results suggest that the saving-income ratio for Japan will increase slightly in the immediate future as the number of children per family declines sharply, and then fall moderately as the proportion of older persons in the population increases. Quantitative results depend critically on the labor force participation rate of older persons and on the probability of older persons merging into younger households. However, unless some major changes in Japanese saving behavior take place, our analysis suggests that Japan will have an unusually high net worth-income ratio as its population stabilizes or begins to decline.
Book Synopsis National Saving and Economic Performance by : John B. Shoven
Download or read book National Saving and Economic Performance written by John B. Shoven and published by University of Chicago Press. This book was released on 2009-02-15 with total page 396 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The past decade has witnessed a decline in saving throughout the developed world—the United States has the dubious distinction of leading the way. The consequences can be serious. For individuals, their own economic security and that of their families is jeopardized. For society, inadequate rates of saving have been blamed for a variety of ills—decreasing the competitive abilities of American industry, slowing capital accumulation, increasing our trade deficit, and forcing the sale of capital stock to foreign investors at bargain prices. Restoring acceptable rates of saving in the United States poses a major challenge to those who formulate national economic policy, especially since economists and policymakers alike still understand little about what motivates people to save. In National Saving and Economic Performance, edited by B. Douglas Bernheim and John B. Shoven, that task is addressed by offering the results of new research, with recommendations for policies aimed to improve saving. Leading experts in diverse fields of economics debate the need for more accurate measurement of official saving data; examine how corporate decisions to retain or distribute earnings affect household-level consumption and saving; and investigate the effects of taxation on saving behavior, correlations between national saving and international investment over time, and the influence of economic growth on saving. Presenting the most comprehensive and up-to-date research on saving, this volume will benefit both academic and government economists.
Book Synopsis Housing Markets in the United States and Japan by : Yukio Noguchi
Download or read book Housing Markets in the United States and Japan written by Yukio Noguchi and published by University of Chicago Press. This book was released on 2007-12-01 with total page 280 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Although Japan and the United States are the world's leading economies, there are significant differences in the ways their wealth is translated into living standards. A careful comparison of housing markets illustrates not only how living standards in the two countries differ, but also reveals much about saving patterns and how they affect wealth accumulation. In this volume, ten essays discuss the evolution of housing prices, housing markets and personal savings, housing finance, commuting, and the impact of public policy on housing markets. The studies reveal surprising differences in housing investment in the two countries. For example, because down payments in Japan are much higher than in the United States, Japanese tend to delay home purchases relative to their American counterparts. In the United States, the advent of home equity credit may have reduced private saving overall. This book is the first comparison of housing markets in Japan and the United States, and its findings illuminate the effects of housing markets on productivity growth, business investment, and trade.
Author :International Monetary Fund. Research Dept. Publisher :International Monetary Fund ISBN 13 :1451956029 Total Pages :229 pages Book Rating :4.4/5 (519 download)
Book Synopsis IMF Staff Papers by : International Monetary Fund. Research Dept.
Download or read book IMF Staff Papers written by International Monetary Fund. Research Dept. and published by International Monetary Fund. This book was released on 1963-01-01 with total page 229 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This paper discusses effects of inflation on economic development. A mild inflation may well encourage little, or no, evasion of the “inflation tax.” On the other hand, a strong inflation, and frequently a mild one also, will lead to community reactions which have effects like those of widespread tax evasion. A development policy may have wider aims than the encouragement of a high level of investment. Inflation has two effects on the desire for liquidity, which are related to the two basic reasons why individuals and businesses wish to hold liquid assets—the speculative and precautionary motives. Inflation increases the value of effective liquidity, thereby raising the community's desire for it, but it makes the most generally accepted store of liquidity unacceptable sources of protection. The control of inflation is only one of the problems facing a government wishing to encourage rapid economic development. The fight against illiteracy, the reform of bureaucratic practices, the building of basic sanitary facilities for the eradication of endemic diseases, the substitution of competitive for monopolistic trade practices, the encouragement of a widespread spirit of entrepreneurship, and the creation of an adequate amount of social capital, may be important prerequisites for rapid growth.
Download or read book Development Digest written by and published by . This book was released on 1979 with total page 536 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Book Synopsis Saving Behavior and the Asset Price "Bubble" in Japan by : Mr.Ulrich Baumgartner
Download or read book Saving Behavior and the Asset Price "Bubble" in Japan written by Mr.Ulrich Baumgartner and published by International Monetary Fund. This book was released on 1995-04-21 with total page 94 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This volume brings together various analytical studies the IMF staff has undertaken on the Japanese economy, focusing on two areas of particular interest for both longer-term economic performance and recent cyclical developments. The first is Japan's saving behavior, the second is the remarkable swing in asset prices that occurred in the late 1980s and early 1990s.
