Read Books Online and Download eBooks, EPub, PDF, Mobi, Kindle, Text Full Free.
Historical Aspects Of Complex Quaternions And Cayley Numbers
Download Historical Aspects Of Complex Quaternions And Cayley Numbers full books in PDF, epub, and Kindle. Read online Historical Aspects Of Complex Quaternions And Cayley Numbers ebook anywhere anytime directly on your device. Fast Download speed and no annoying ads. We cannot guarantee that every ebooks is available!
Book Synopsis Quaternions and Cayley Numbers by : J.P. Ward
Download or read book Quaternions and Cayley Numbers written by J.P. Ward and published by Springer Science & Business Media. This book was released on 2012-12-06 with total page 252 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: In essence, this text is written as a challenge to others, to discover significant uses for Cayley number algebra in physics. I freely admit that though the reading of some sections would benefit from previous experience of certain topics in physics - particularly relativity and electromagnetism - generally the mathematics is not sophisticated. In fact, the mathematically sophisticated reader, may well find that in many places, the rather deliberate progress too slow for their liking. This text had its origin in a 90-minute lecture on complex numbers given by the author to prospective university students in 1994. In my attempt to develop a novel approach to the subject matter I looked at complex numbers from an entirely geometric perspective and, no doubt in line with innumerable other mathematicians, re-traced steps first taken by Hamilton and others in the early years of the nineteenth century. I even enquired into the possibility of using an alternative multiplication rule for complex numbers (in which argzlz2 = argzl- argz2) other than the one which is normally accepted (argzlz2 = argzl + argz2). Of course, my alternative was rejected because it didn't lead to a 'product' which had properties that we now accept as fundamental (i. e.
Book Synopsis On Quaternions and Octonions by : John H. Conway
Download or read book On Quaternions and Octonions written by John H. Conway and published by CRC Press. This book was released on 2003-01-23 with total page 172 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This book investigates the geometry of quaternion and octonion algebras. Following a comprehensive historical introduction, the book illuminates the special properties of 3- and 4-dimensional Euclidean spaces using quaternions, leading to enumerations of the corresponding finite groups of symmetries. The second half of the book discusses the less f
Book Synopsis Quaternionic Quantum Mechanics and Quantum Fields by : Stephen L. Adler
Download or read book Quaternionic Quantum Mechanics and Quantum Fields written by Stephen L. Adler and published by Oxford University Press. This book was released on 1995-04-27 with total page 599 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: It has been known since the 1930s that quantum mechanics can be formulated in quaternionic as well as complex Hilbert space. But systematic work on the quaternionic extension of standard quantum mechanics has scarcely begun. Authored by a world-renowned theoretical physicist, this book signals a major conceptual advance and gives a detailed development and exposition of quaternionic quantum mechanics for the purpose of determining whether quaternionic Hilbert space is the appropriate arena for the long sought-after unification of the standard model forces with gravitation. Significant results from earlier literature, together with many new results obtained by the author, are integrated to give a coherent picture of the subject. The book also provides an introduction to the problem of formulating quantum field theories in quaternionic Hilbert space. The book concludes with a chapter devoted to discussions on where quaternionic quantum mechanics may fit into the physics of unification, experimental and measurement theory issues, and the many open questions that still challenge the field. This well-written treatise is a very significant contribution to theoretical physics. It will be eagerly read by a wide range of physicists.
Book Synopsis A Conceptual History of Space and Symmetry by : Pietro Giuseppe Fré
Download or read book A Conceptual History of Space and Symmetry written by Pietro Giuseppe Fré and published by Springer. This book was released on 2018-09-14 with total page 323 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This book presents the author’s personal historical perspective and conceptual analysis on symmetry and geometry. The author enlightens with modern views the historical process which led to the contemporary vision of space and symmetry that are used in theoretical physics and in particular in such abstract and advanced descriptions of the physical world as those provided by supergravity. The book is written intertwining storytelling and philosophical argumentation with some essential technical material. The author argues that symmetry and geometry are inextricably entangled and their current meaning is the result of a long process of abstraction which was determined through history and can be understood within the analytic system of thought of western civilization that started with the Ancient Greeks. The evolution of geometry and symmetry theory in the last forty years has been deeply and constructively influenced by supersymmetry/supergravity and the allied constructions of strings and branes. Further advances in theoretical physics cannot be based simply on the Galilean method of interrogating nature and then formulating a testable theory to explain the observed phenomena. One ought to interrogate human thought, meaning frontier-line mathematics concerned with geometry and symmetry in order to find there the threads of so far unobserved correspondences, reinterpretations and renewed conceptions.
Book Synopsis A History of Non-Euclidean Geometry by : Boris A. Rosenfeld
Download or read book A History of Non-Euclidean Geometry written by Boris A. Rosenfeld and published by Springer Science & Business Media. This book was released on 2012-09-08 with total page 481 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The Russian edition of this book appeared in 1976 on the hundred-and-fiftieth anniversary of the historic day of February 23, 1826, when LobaeevskiI delivered his famous lecture on his discovery of non-Euclidean geometry. The importance of the discovery of non-Euclidean geometry goes far beyond the limits of geometry itself. It is safe to say that it was a turning point in the history of all mathematics. The scientific revolution of the seventeenth century marked the transition from "mathematics of constant magnitudes" to "mathematics of variable magnitudes. " During the seventies of the last century there occurred another scientific revolution. By that time mathematicians had become familiar with the ideas of non-Euclidean geometry and the algebraic ideas of group and field (all of which appeared at about the same time), and the (later) ideas of set theory. This gave rise to many geometries in addition to the Euclidean geometry previously regarded as the only conceivable possibility, to the arithmetics and algebras of many groups and fields in addition to the arith metic and algebra of real and complex numbers, and, finally, to new mathe matical systems, i. e. , sets furnished with various structures having no classical analogues. Thus in the 1870's there began a new mathematical era usually called, until the middle of the twentieth century, the era of modern mathe matics.
Book Synopsis Turning Points in the History of Mathematics by : Hardy Grant
Download or read book Turning Points in the History of Mathematics written by Hardy Grant and published by Birkhäuser. This book was released on 2016-04-15 with total page 112 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This book explores some of the major turning points in the history of mathematics, ranging from ancient Greece to the present, demonstrating the drama that has often been a part of its evolution. Studying these breakthroughs, transitions, and revolutions, their stumbling-blocks and their triumphs, can help illuminate the importance of the history of mathematics for its teaching, learning, and appreciation. Some of the turning points considered are the rise of the axiomatic method (most famously in Euclid), and the subsequent major changes in it (for example, by David Hilbert); the “wedding,” via analytic geometry, of algebra and geometry; the “taming” of the infinitely small and the infinitely large; the passages from algebra to algebras, from geometry to geometries, and from arithmetic to arithmetics; and the revolutions in the late nineteenth and early twentieth centuries that resulted from Georg Cantor’s creation of transfinite set theory. The origin of each turning point is discussed, along with the mathematicians involved and some of the mathematics that resulted. Problems and projects are included in each chapter to extend and increase understanding of the material. Substantial reference lists are also provided. Turning Points in the History of Mathematics will be a valuable resource for teachers of, and students in, courses in mathematics or its history. The book should also be of interest to anyone with a background in mathematics who wishes to learn more about the important moments in its development.
Book Synopsis Episodes in the History of Modern Algebra (1800-1950) by : Jeremy J. Gray
Download or read book Episodes in the History of Modern Algebra (1800-1950) written by Jeremy J. Gray and published by American Mathematical Soc.. This book was released on 2011-08-31 with total page 346 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Algebra, as a subdiscipline of mathematics, arguably has a history going back some 4000 years to ancient Mesopotamia. The history, however, of what is recognized today as high school algebra is much shorter, extending back to the sixteenth century, while the history of what practicing mathematicians call "modern algebra" is even shorter still. The present volume provides a glimpse into the complicated and often convoluted history of this latter conception of algebra by juxtaposing twelve episodes in the evolution of modern algebra from the early nineteenth-century work of Charles Babbage on functional equations to Alexandre Grothendieck's mid-twentieth-century metaphor of a ``rising sea'' in his categorical approach to algebraic geometry. In addition to considering the technical development of various aspects of algebraic thought, the historians of modern algebra whose work is united in this volume explore such themes as the changing aims and organization of the subject as well as the often complex lines of mathematical communication within and across national boundaries. Among the specific algebraic ideas considered are the concept of divisibility and the introduction of non-commutative algebras into the study of number theory and the emergence of algebraic geometry in the twentieth century. The resulting volume is essential reading for anyone interested in the history of modern mathematics in general and modern algebra in particular. It will be of particular interest to mathematicians and historians of mathematics.
Book Synopsis A History of Abstract Algebra by : Israel Kleiner
Download or read book A History of Abstract Algebra written by Israel Kleiner and published by Springer Science & Business Media. This book was released on 2007-10-02 with total page 175 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This book explores the history of abstract algebra. It shows how abstract algebra has arisen in attempting to solve some of these classical problems, providing a context from which the reader may gain a deeper appreciation of the mathematics involved.
Book Synopsis The Geometry of the Octonions by : Tevian Dray
Download or read book The Geometry of the Octonions written by Tevian Dray and published by World Scientific. This book was released on 2015 with total page 229 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: There are precisely two further generalizations of the real and complex numbers, namely, the quaternions and the octonions. The quaternions naturally describe rotations in three dimensions. In fact, all (continuous) symmetry groups are based on one of these four number systems. This book provides an elementary introduction to the properties of the octonions, with emphasis on their geometric structure. Elementary applications covered include the rotation groups and their spacetime generalization, the Lorentz group, as well as the eigenvalue problem for Hermitian matrices. In addition, more sophisticated applications include the exceptional Lie groups, octonionic projective spaces, and applications to particle physics including the remarkable fact that classical supersymmetry only exists in particular spacetime dimensions.Contents: Introduction"Number Systems: "The Geometry of the Complex NumbersThe Geometry of the QuaternionsThe Geometry of the OctonionsOther Number Systems"Symmetry Groups: "Some Orthogonal GroupsSome Unitary GroupsSome Symplectic GroupsSymmetry Groups over Other Division AlgebrasLie Groups and Lie AlgebrasThe Exceptional Groups"Applications: "Division Algebras in MathematicsOctonionic Eigenvalue ProblemsThe Physics of the OctonionsMagic Squares Readership: Advanced ubdergraduate and graduate students and faculty in mathematics and physics; non-experts with moderately sophisticated mathematics background. Key Features: This book is easily digestible by a large audience wanting to know the elementary introduction to octanionsSuitable for any reader with a grasp of the complex numbers, although familiarity with non-octonionic versions of some of the other topics would be helpfulMany open problems are very accessibleAdvanced topics covered are quite sophisticated, leading up to a clear discussion of (one representation of) the exceptional Lie algebras and their associated root diagrams, and of the octonionic projective spaces on which they act
Download or read book Handbook of Algebra written by and published by Elsevier. This book was released on 2003-10-15 with total page 1185 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Handbook of Algebra
Book Synopsis A Journey through the History of Numerical Linear Algebra by : Claude Brezinski
Download or read book A Journey through the History of Numerical Linear Algebra written by Claude Brezinski and published by SIAM. This book was released on 2022-12-06 with total page 813 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This expansive volume describes the history of numerical methods proposed for solving linear algebra problems, from antiquity to the present day. The authors focus on methods for linear systems of equations and eigenvalue problems and describe the interplay between numerical methods and the computing tools available at the time. The second part of the book consists of 78 biographies of important contributors to the field. A Journey through the History of Numerical Linear Algebra will be of special interest to applied mathematicians, especially researchers in numerical linear algebra, people involved in scientific computing, and historians of mathematics.
Book Synopsis A Taste of Jordan Algebras by : Kevin McCrimmon
Download or read book A Taste of Jordan Algebras written by Kevin McCrimmon and published by Springer Science & Business Media. This book was released on 2006-05-29 with total page 584 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This book describes the history of Jordan algebras and describes in full mathematical detail the recent structure theory for Jordan algebras of arbitrary dimension due to Efim Zel'manov. Jordan algebras crop up in many surprising settings, and find application to a variety of mathematical areas. No knowledge is required beyond standard first-year graduate algebra courses.
Author :Heinz-Dieter Ebbinghaus Publisher :Springer Science & Business Media ISBN 13 :9780387974972 Total Pages :424 pages Book Rating :4.9/5 (749 download)
Book Synopsis Numbers by : Heinz-Dieter Ebbinghaus
Download or read book Numbers written by Heinz-Dieter Ebbinghaus and published by Springer Science & Business Media. This book was released on 1991 with total page 424 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This book is about all kinds of numbers, from rationals to octonians, reals to infinitesimals. It is a story about a major thread of mathematics over thousands of years, and it answers everything from why Hamilton was obsessed with quaternions to what the prospect was for quaternionic analysis in the 19th century. It glimpses the mystery surrounding imaginary numbers in the 17th century and views some major developments of the 20th century.
Book Synopsis Excursions in the History of Mathematics by : Israel Kleiner
Download or read book Excursions in the History of Mathematics written by Israel Kleiner and published by Springer Science & Business Media. This book was released on 2012-02-02 with total page 362 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This book comprises five parts. The first three contain ten historical essays on important topics: number theory, calculus/analysis, and proof, respectively. Part four deals with several historically oriented courses, and Part five provides biographies of five mathematicians who played major roles in the historical events described in the first four parts of the work. Excursions in the History of Mathematics was written with several goals in mind: to arouse mathematics teachers’ interest in the history of their subject; to encourage mathematics teachers with at least some knowledge of the history of mathematics to offer courses with a strong historical component; and to provide an historical perspective on a number of basic topics taught in mathematics courses.
Book Synopsis The Journal of the Indian Mathematical Society by : Indian Mathematical Society
Download or read book The Journal of the Indian Mathematical Society written by Indian Mathematical Society and published by . This book was released on 1917 with total page 810 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Vols. for 1923-32 include separately paged sections "Notes and questions" and "Progress report." Beginning in 1933 "Notes and questions" is continued in the Mathematics student.
Book Synopsis Revue Semestrielle Des Publications Mathématiques by :
Download or read book Revue Semestrielle Des Publications Mathématiques written by and published by . This book was released on 1918 with total page 680 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Book Synopsis Hypercomplex Numbers by : I.L. Kantor
Download or read book Hypercomplex Numbers written by I.L. Kantor and published by Springer. This book was released on 2011-09-21 with total page 0 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This book deals with various systems of "numbers" that can be constructed by adding "imaginary units" to the real numbers. The complex numbers are a classical example of such a system. One of the most important properties of the complex numbers is given by the identity (1) Izz'l = Izl·Iz'I· It says, roughly, that the absolute value of a product is equal to the product of the absolute values of the factors. If we put z = al + a2i, z' = b+ bi, 1 2 then we can rewrite (1) as The last identity states that "the product of a sum of two squares by a sum of two squares is a sum of two squares. " It is natural to ask if there are similar identities with more than two squares, and how all of them can be described. Already Euler had given an example of an identity with four squares. Later an identity with eight squares was found. But a complete solution of the problem was obtained only at the end of the 19th century. It is substantially true that every identity with n squares is linked to formula (1), except that z and z' no longer denote complex numbers but more general "numbers" where i,j, . . . , I are imaginary units. One of the main themes of this book is the establishing of the connection between identities with n squares and formula (1).
