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Hepatic Immune Response Underlying Liver Cirrhosis And Portal Hypertension
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Book Synopsis Hepatic Immune Response underlying Liver Cirrhosis and Portal Hypertension by : Jinhang Gao
Download or read book Hepatic Immune Response underlying Liver Cirrhosis and Portal Hypertension written by Jinhang Gao and published by Frontiers Media SA. This book was released on 2023-06-02 with total page 250 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Book Synopsis Community series in hepatic immune response underlying liver cirrhosis and portal hypertension, volume II by : Enis Kostallari
Download or read book Community series in hepatic immune response underlying liver cirrhosis and portal hypertension, volume II written by Enis Kostallari and published by Frontiers Media SA. This book was released on 2023-11-01 with total page 187 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Book Synopsis Liver Cirrhosis and Its Development by : J.L. Boyer
Download or read book Liver Cirrhosis and Its Development written by J.L. Boyer and published by Springer Science & Business Media. This book was released on 2001-03-31 with total page 374 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Liver cirrhosis is a major clinical problem worldwide and is associated with significant morbidity and mortality from its complications, such as liver cell insufficiency with coagulopathy and hepatic encephalopathy, portal hypertension with ascites and gastrointestinal bleeding, hepatorenal syndrome, HCC development and others. This volume, the proceedings of Falk Symposium 115 held in Basel, Switzerland, October 22-24, 1999 (Part II of the Basel Liver Week 1999; XI International Congress of Liver Diseases) covers our present knowledge of the aetiologies and early stages of liver cirrhosis development. Based on this information, strategies are discussed that are aimed at the prevention, early diagnosis and therapy of chronic liver diseases, thus preventing their progression to cirrhosis and its complications, including HCC development. The main topics mentioned above are complemented by three state-of-the-art chapters on modern aspects of medicine in general and hepatology in particular as well as their perspectives beyond the year 2000: `Molecular Medicine', `New Hepatitis Viruses' and `Genetic Liver Diseases: Diagnosis and Therapy'. Introductory chapters focusing on the more basic aspects of the biology of live cells as well as on the mechanisms underlying fibrogenesis, cholestasis and inflammation will be followed by a detailed discussion of the clinically most important causes of liver cirrhosis worldwide: hepatitis viruses B, C and D; toxins (alcohol, drugs and others) as well as metabolic liver diseases (haemochromatosis, Wilson disease, alpha-1-antitrypsin deficiency, porphyria cutanea tarda and protoporphyria). This book, therefore, will interest clinically oriented basic scientists as well as those in clinical practice, givng an update on many aspects of modern hepatology and its perspectives in the next millennium.
Book Synopsis Liver Immunology by : M. Eric Gershwin
Download or read book Liver Immunology written by M. Eric Gershwin and published by Springer Science & Business Media. This book was released on 2013-11-19 with total page 482 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Liver Immunology: Principles and Practice, Second Edition begins with important information about the epidemiology and mortality of liver disease worldwide. This information is followed by chapters related to basic immunology, application of liver immunology for diagnosis, and several excellent chapters that provide a solid foundation for understanding immune-mediated liver disease, including those associated with the biliary tree. A chapter on non-hepatic manifestations of immune mediated liver disease helps provide context for how these diseases affect the patient overall. In addition, chapters discuss various discrete immunologically-mediated infectious liver disorders including those related to bacteria, parasites, and all of the classic viruses. Chapters on the traditional autoimmune liver diseases -- primary biliary cirrhosis, autoimmune hepatitis, primary sclerosing cholangitis as well as overlap syndrome – are also included. The breadth of this comprehensive second edition is highlighted by chapters on alcoholic liver disease, non-alcoholic fatty liver disease, and drug-induced liver disease, among others. This invaluable new edition ends with a forward-looking view of future directions and how the field might meet the challenge of refractory patients. Developed by a renowned group of authors, Liver Immunology: Principles and Practice, Second Edition will again serve as a comprehensive textbook by providing an excellent overview for this rapidly evolving field. It greatly adds to the understanding of the pathogenesis of these diseases, while also providing novel insights that can be harnessed into helping improve the care of patients afflicted with various immune-mediated diseases. This volume will again be a must-read for clinicians at all levels, investigators and students.
Book Synopsis Chronic Liver Failure by : Pere Ginès
Download or read book Chronic Liver Failure written by Pere Ginès and published by Springer Science & Business Media. This book was released on 2010-11-03 with total page 583 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Chronic liver failure is a frequent condition in clinical practice that encompasses all manifestations of patients with end-stage liver diseases. Chronic liver failure is a multiorgan syndrome that affects the liver, kidneys, brain, heart, lungs, adrenal glands, and vascular, coagulation, and immune systems. Chronic Liver Failure: Mechanisms and Management covers for the first time all aspects of chronic liver failure in a single book, from pathogenesis to current management. Each chapter is written by a worldwide known expert in their area and all provide the latest state-of-the-art knowledge. This volume is specifically designed to provide answers to clinical questions to all doctors dealing with patients with liver diseases, not only clinical gastroenterologists and hepatologists, but also to internists, nephrologists, intensive care physicians, and transplant surgeons.
Book Synopsis Immunotherapy of Hepatocellular Carcinoma by : Tim F. Greten
Download or read book Immunotherapy of Hepatocellular Carcinoma written by Tim F. Greten and published by Springer. This book was released on 2018-08-22 with total page 0 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: In this book we provide insights into liver – cancer and immunology. Experts in the field provide an overview over fundamental immunological questions in liver cancer and tumorimmunology, which form the base for immune based approaches in HCC, which gain increasing interest in the community due to first promising results obtained in early clinical trials. Hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) is the third most common cause of cancer related death in the United States. Treatment options are limited. Viral hepatitis is one of the major risk factors for HCC, which represents a typical “inflammation-induced” cancer. Immune-based treatment approaches have revolutionized oncology in recent years. Various treatment strategies have received FDA approval including dendritic cell vaccination, for prostate cancer as well as immune checkpoint inhibition targeting the CTLA4 or the PD1/PDL1 axis in melanoma, lung, and kidney cancer. Additionally, cell based therapies (adoptive T cell therapy, CAR T cells and TCR transduced T cells) have demonstrated significant efficacy in patients with B cell malignancies and melanoma. Immune checkpoint inhibitors in particular have generated enormous excitement across the entire field of oncology, providing a significant benefit to a minority of patients.
Book Synopsis Liver Disease in Children by : Frederick J. Suchy
Download or read book Liver Disease in Children written by Frederick J. Suchy and published by Cambridge University Press. This book was released on 2021-03-18 with total page 875 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Liver disease in children is increasing in prevalence, placing a huge burden on healthcare systems and often requiring long-term management. Offering an integrative approach to the science and clinical practice of pediatric hepatology, this is the definitive reference text for improved diagnosis and treatment strategies. In the new edition of this authoritative text, chapters have been thoroughly revised in line with major advances in the field, such as recognizing the increased frequency of fatty liver disease, and how genetic testing has the potential to establish earlier diagnoses for a variety of diseases. Disorders covered include cholestasis, metabolic disorders and hepatitis, with their presentation across the spectrum of infancy, childhood and adolescence discussed. The indications and surgical aspects of liver transplant are explained and post-transplant care is described in detail. This is a valuable resource for pediatricians, hepatologists, gastroenterologists and all clinicians involved in the care of children with liver diseases.
Book Synopsis Diagnostic Methods for Cirrhosis and Portal Hypertension by : Annalisa Berzigotti
Download or read book Diagnostic Methods for Cirrhosis and Portal Hypertension written by Annalisa Berzigotti and published by Springer. This book was released on 2018-03-23 with total page 337 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This book provides a unique up-to-date and comprehensive overview of the most important diagnostic methods available for assessing liver cirrhosis and portal hypertension. The book covers all the significant advances made in the last 10 years in HVPG and biopsy interpretation, imaging and elastography. This is a unique and well structured book authored by senior experts in the field aimed at providing updated knowledge to the hepatology specialist and to the physicians interested in chronic liver disease. The book starts by giving an overview of the disease, outlining the clinical needs in this field; this is followed by detailed information both on the invasive gold-standard methods (HVPG measurement, liver biopsy, endoscopy), and on the standard and emerging non-invasive methods, including serum markers of fibrosis, ultrasound-elastography, magnetic resonance elastography, ultrasound, contrast-enhanced ultrasound, CT, magnetic resonance and derived methods (dynamic flow assessment). The final part of the book is devoted to diagnostic tests in non-cirrhotic causes of portal hypertension (Budd-Chiari Syndrome, Portal vein thrombosis, idiopathic portal hypertension, etc), and in pediatric portal hypertension. Written by a team of worldwide opinion leaders this book pays special attention to the most promising novel non-invasive methods in the field.
Book Synopsis Cellular and Molecular Mechanisms of Novel Terapies to Ameliorate Liver Sinusoidal Dysfunction in Cirrhotic Portal Hypertension by : Giusi Marrone
Download or read book Cellular and Molecular Mechanisms of Novel Terapies to Ameliorate Liver Sinusoidal Dysfunction in Cirrhotic Portal Hypertension written by Giusi Marrone and published by . This book was released on 2014 with total page 148 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Increased intrahepatic vascular resistance (IHVR), mainly due to elevated vascular tone together with the maturation of hepatic fibrosis and the drop of the hepatic endothelial function, is the main factor in the development of portal hypertension (PH) in cirrhosis. This PhD thesis investigates the cellular and molecular mechanisms necessary for the identification of new therapeutic targets and evaluates the possible cross- talk between the hepatic cells in static and physiological conditions (shear stress). Study 1: Leptin is a pro-oxidant and pro-fibrotic hormone increased in patients with cirrhosis. Therefore, we evaluated whether leptin could influence the increased IHVR in PH. Cirrhotic animals with portal hypertension received the leptin receptor blocking antibody (OBR-Ab), or its vehicle, every other day for 1 week. In cirrhotic rats, leptin-receptor blockade significantly reduces portal pressure without modifying portal blood flow, suggesting a reduction in the intrahepatic resistance. Portal pressure reduction is associated with increased nitric oxide bioavailability and with decreased O2 levels and nitro-tyrosinated proteins. Thus, the blockade of the leptin signaling pathway in cirrhosis significantly reduces portal pressure, probably due to a nitric oxide-mediated reduction in the hepatic vascular tone. Study 2&3: Statins improve hepatic endothelial function and liver fibrosis in experimental models of cirrhosis, thus they have been proposed as therapeutic options to ameliorate portal hypertension syndrome. In cirrhosis, the transcription factor Kruppel-like factor 2 (KLF2) is early over-expressed during the progression of the disease, nevertheless it is not enough to slow down the development of vascular dysfunction. For this reason, we aimed to explore the effects, and the underlying mechanisms, of hepatic KLF2 over-expression in in vitro and in vivo models of liver cirrhosis. These studies demonstrate that KLF2 is induced by statins (simvastatin in primis) in both normal and cirrhotic liver sinusoidal endothelial cells (LSEC), orchestrating an efficient vasoprotective response, and in cirrhotic hepatic stellate cells (HSC), inducing their apoptosis and de-activating their phenotype partly via the activation of the nuclear factor Nrf2. Simvastatin vasoprotection and its anti-fibrotic properties are attenuated or even inhibited in the presence of isoprenoids or specific siRNA for KLF2, and are magnified in cells cultured (using bi and tri- dimensional systems) under physiological shear stress conditions. Indeed, LSEC over-expressing KLF2 induce quiescence of HSC through a KLF2-nitric oxide-guanylate cyclase-mediated paracrine mechanism as well as activated HSC over-expressing KLF2 reverse their phenotype and induce an amelioration of LSEC probably through a VEGF-mediated mechanism, but no paracrine interactions between hepatocytes and HSC are observed. All these effects are amplified in cells co-cultured in a sinusoidal-like environment. Pharmacological or adenoviral up-regulation of hepatic KLF2 expression provokes a profound amelioration in portal hypertension and cirrhosis, mainly due to hepatic stellate cells inactivation and apoptosis, together with reduction in hepatic oxidative stress and improvement in endothelial function. Specific induction of hepatic KLF2 within the liver represents an easy and highly effective strategy to promote liver cirrhosis regression and portal hypertension amelioration. Overall, the studies included in this PhD thesis propose new treatments for cirrhotic portal hypertension and try to explain some of the molecular mechanisms underlying the benefits of statins, suggesting the up- regulation of KLF2 as a new and highly effective therapy to improve hepatic microcirculation and promote regression of liver cirrhosis. Therefore, acting on leptin signaling pathway or using statins could be a good therapeutic option for patients with portal hypertension and cirrhosis.
Book Synopsis Hepatocellular Carcinoma by : Yujin Hoshida
Download or read book Hepatocellular Carcinoma written by Yujin Hoshida and published by Springer. This book was released on 2019-08-05 with total page 366 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This book provides a comprehensive overview of the current limitations and unmet needs in Hepatocellular Carcinoma (HCC) diagnosis, treatment, and prevention. It also provides newly emerging concepts, approaches, and technologies to address challenges. Topics covered include changing landscape of HCC etiologies in association with health disparities, framework of clinical management algorithm, new and experimental modalities of HCC diagnosis and prognostication, multidisciplinary treatment options including rapidly evolving molecular targeted therapies and immune therapies, multi-omics molecular characterization, and clinically relevant experimental models. The book is intended to assist collaboration between the diverse disciplines and facilitate forward and reverse translation between basic and clinical research by providing a comprehensive overview of relevant areas, covering epidemiological trend and population-level patient management strategies, new diagnostic and prognostic tools, recent advances in the standard care and novel therapeutic approaches, and new concepts in pathogenesis and experimental approaches and tools, by experts and opinion leaders in their respective fields. By thoroughly and concisely covering whole aspects of HCC care, Hepatocellular Carcinoma serves as a valuable reference for multidisciplinary readers, and promotes the development of personalized precision care strategies that lead to substantial improvement of disease burden and patient prognosis in HCC.
Book Synopsis Arteriogenesis by : Wolfgang Schaper
Download or read book Arteriogenesis written by Wolfgang Schaper and published by Springer Science & Business Media. This book was released on 2006-04-11 with total page 371 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Emphasizes the research activities of Germany’s Nauheim Institute of the Max Planck Society and its group of investigators both past and present, in the field of collateral artery growth. Incorporates a multidisciplinary in vivo approach to the study of arteriogenesis that includes molecular approaches with classical physiology and immunohistochemistry. Full color throughout and well illustrated.
Download or read book Drug-Induced Liver Injury written by and published by Academic Press. This book was released on 2019-07-13 with total page 288 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Drug-Induced Liver Injury, Volume 85, the newest volume in the Advances in Pharmacology series, presents a variety of chapters from the best authors in the field. Chapters in this new release include Cell death mechanisms in DILI, Mitochondria in DILI, Primary hepatocytes and their cultures for the testing of drug-induced liver injury, MetaHeps an alternate approach to identify IDILI, Autophagy and DILI, Biomarkers and DILI, Regeneration and DILI, Drug-induced liver injury in obesity and nonalcoholic fatty liver disease, Mechanisms of Idiosyncratic Drug-Induced Liver Injury, the Evaluation and Treatment of Acetaminophen Toxicity, and much more. Includes the authority and expertise of leading contributors in pharmacology Presents the latest release in the Advances in Pharmacology series
Book Synopsis Variceal Hemorrhage by : Roberto de Franchis
Download or read book Variceal Hemorrhage written by Roberto de Franchis and published by Springer Science & Business Media. This book was released on 2014-01-25 with total page 266 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Variceal Hemorrhage provides an update of the evidence concerning several aspects of variceal hemorrhage. The book features new information on natural history, diagnosis of esophageal varices, assessment of the risk of bleeding and identification of high risk groups and patients who may benefit or be harmed from different treatments. The volume also presents a critical analysis of the different steps in the management of acute variceal bleeding. Authored by the most prominent world experts in their areas of expertise, Variceal Hemorrhage serves as a very useful reference for gastroenterologists, GI surgeons, residents in internal medicine and physicians dealing with and interested in the different aspects of this severe medical emergency.
Book Synopsis Stellate Cells in Health and Disease by : Chandrashekhar Gandhi
Download or read book Stellate Cells in Health and Disease written by Chandrashekhar Gandhi and published by Academic Press. This book was released on 2015-04-10 with total page 335 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Stellate Cells in Health and Disease is a comprehensive reference providing the most up-to-date knowledge and perspectives on the function of stellate cells affecting the liver and other organs. The text presents comprehensive coverage of their already established role in hepatic fibrosis along with the newer emerging evidence for stellate cell participation in the liver cell (hepatocyte) survival and regeneration, hepatic immunobiology, transplant tolerance, and liver cancer. Chapters describe both animal and human research and the relevance of findings from animal research to human pathophysiology, and also contain sections on future directions which will be of special interest to basic and clinical researchers working on liver fibrosis, hepatic biology, and pathobiology. Presents coverage of the mechanisms of liver fibrosis with stellate cells as a target for therapy. Shows stellate cells as a major participant in hepatic immunobiology, including transplantation immunology. Key illustrations show the phenotypical changes in stellate cells in situ and tissue culture, their interactions with other cell types, signaling pathways and demonstrate the functions and roles of stellate cell in pathological processes.
Book Synopsis Canine and Feline Gastroenterology - E-Book by : Robert J. Washabau
Download or read book Canine and Feline Gastroenterology - E-Book written by Robert J. Washabau and published by Elsevier Health Sciences. This book was released on 2012-09-02 with total page 1024 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: A comprehensive reference standard for the discipline, Canine and Feline Gastroenterology covers the biology, pathobiology, and diagnosis and treatment of diseases of the gastrointestinal, pancreatic, and hepatobiliary systems. An international team of experts, including 85 authors from 17 different countries, led by Robert Washabau and Michael Day, covers everything from minor problems such as adverse food reactions to debilitating inflammatory, infectious, metabolic, and neoplastic diseases of the digestive system. This authoritative text utilizes an evidence-based approach to reflect the latest science and research, complemented by principles of problem solving, algorithms to improve clinical diagnoses, and extensive full-color illustrations. For generalists and specialists alike, this gastroenterology reference should be part of every serious practitioner's professional library. A comprehensive, 928-page reference standard covers the discipline of canine and feline gastroenterology. An international focus is provided by 85 authors from 17 different countries, including renowned experts in veterinary gastroenterology, internal medicine, pathology, clinical pathology, radiology, and infectious disease. Coverage of the entire breadth and depth of gastroenterology ranges from biology to pathobiology, as well as diagnosis and treatment of diseases of the gastrointestinal, pancreatic, and hepatobiliary systems. Current information on GI microflora, immunology, cellular growth, and systems integration provides a foundation for treating clinical problems. Coverage of diseases in dogs and cats includes the oral cavity, esophagus, stomach, small intestine, large intestine, colon, anorectum, liver and biliary tract, exocrine pancreas, peritoneum, and associated vasculature. A focus on patient management examines the full range of procedures and techniques essential to diagnosis and treatment from clinical signs and diagnosis to nutritional support and pharmacologic management of disease. Clear explanations of current diagnostic modalities include laboratory tests, molecular methods, diagnostic imaging, endoscopy, and histopathology, also showing how to interpret and utilize results. A strong clinical approach emphasizes need-to-know information for managing the common and not-so-common G.I. clinical problems of everyday practice. Full-color photographs and illustrations depict concepts, conditions, and procedures. An evidence-based medicine perspective reflects the latest research as well as the modern practice of veterinary medicine. Logical, coherent, and consistent internal organization makes this a reader-friendly edition. Problem-based algorithms help in diagnosing every G.I. clinical problem from A to Z. A stand-alone section on the pharmacologic approach to G.I. disease offers quick and easy drug reference.
Book Synopsis Oral Board Review for Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery by : Robert Reti
Download or read book Oral Board Review for Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery written by Robert Reti and published by Springer Nature. This book was released on 2020-12-05 with total page 525 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The oral board exam for the American Board of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery (ABOMS) can be intimidating to many surgeons due to the broad range of information one must know for the exam. However, while the examination guidelines provide a general outline of topics that may be covered, there is no true direction on how to prepare for it. Traditionally, candidates do so by using what are considered “underground” databanks, previous test questions, and power point presentations that run the gamut of commonly covered material. Until now, there have been no current comprehensive oral board review books available for the Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery boards. Oral Board Review for Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery fills that gap as the go-to resource for those attempting to successfully challenge the oral boards and for residents to polish up on their training. Edited and authored by top physicians in the field, this book is concise and easy to read, yet thorough with high yield information. An outline of the pertinent material is reviewed, and a patient work up is presented. Important questions to ask, signs to look for, and labs/images to order are included. It also includes tables and keywords that are typically mentioned on the exam and also offers explanations to some key points. Next are cases, which are presented in a question and answer format. As the case progresses, more complicated scenarios requiring management are presented. Lastly, complications are covered, which is the final section of each board scenario. Included are basic topics the surgeon needs to know, followed by topics that are nice to know, and numerous highly debated/complex questions that are discussed among candidates preparing for the exam. It should be noted that the authors are not privy to any inside information about the exam. What is presented is material candidates that have successfully passed the exam feel is important to know. This book is not endorsed by American Association of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgeons or the American Board of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery.
Book Synopsis Liver Pathophysiology by : Pablo Muriel
Download or read book Liver Pathophysiology written by Pablo Muriel and published by Academic Press. This book was released on 2017-03-02 with total page 917 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Liver Pathophysiology: Therapies and Antioxidants is a complete volume on morphology, physiology, biochemistry, molecular biology and treatment of liver diseases. It uses an integral approach towards the role of free radicals in the pathogenesis of hepatic injury, and how their deleterious effects may be abrogated by the use of antioxidants. Written by the most prominent authors in the field, this book will be of use to basic and clinical scientists and clinicians working in the biological sciences, especially those dedicated to the study and treatment of liver pathologies. Presents the most recent advances in hepatology, with a special focus on the role of oxidative stress in liver injury. Provides in vivo and in vitro models to study human liver pathology. Explains the beneficial effects of antioxidants on liver diseases. Contains the most recent and modern treatments of hepatic pathologies, including, but not limited to, stem cells repopulation, gene therapy and liver transplantation.
