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Hemoglobin Based Oxygen Carriers Hbocs
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Book Synopsis Hemoglobin-Based Oxygen Carriers as Red Cell Substitutes and Oxygen Therapeutics by : Hae Won Kim
Download or read book Hemoglobin-Based Oxygen Carriers as Red Cell Substitutes and Oxygen Therapeutics written by Hae Won Kim and published by Springer Science & Business Media. This book was released on 2013-12-18 with total page 741 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Currently, hemoglobin (Hb)-based oxygen carriers (HBOCs) are leading candidates as red blood cell substitutes. In addition, HBOCs are also potential oxygen therapeutics for treatment of patients with critical ischemic conditions due to atherosclerosis, diabetes and other conditions. This book will provide readers a comprehensive review of topics involved in the HBOC development. It focusses on current products and clinical applications as well as on emerging technologies and future prospects.
Book Synopsis Blood Substitutes: Hemoglobin-Based Oxygen Carriers by :
Download or read book Blood Substitutes: Hemoglobin-Based Oxygen Carriers written by and published by Am Cncl on Science, Health. This book was released on with total page 30 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Book Synopsis Hemoglobin-based Oxygen Carriers (HBOCs) by : Lena M. Napolitano
Download or read book Hemoglobin-based Oxygen Carriers (HBOCs) written by Lena M. Napolitano and published by Clinics: Nursing. This book was released on 2009 with total page 0 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Hemoglobin-based Oxygen Carriers is an exciting and evolving alternative to blood transfusion. This issue explores its potential with topics on: "HBOCs from Human or Bovine Hemoglobin", "Comparison of HBOCs to Stored Human Red Blood Cells," "HBOCs and Tissue Oxygenation," "HBOCs: Role in surgery, resuscitation or hemorrhagic shock?" and more!
Book Synopsis Regulation of Tissue Oxygenation, Second Edition by : Roland N. Pittman
Download or read book Regulation of Tissue Oxygenation, Second Edition written by Roland N. Pittman and published by Biota Publishing. This book was released on 2016-08-18 with total page 117 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This presentation describes various aspects of the regulation of tissue oxygenation, including the roles of the circulatory system, respiratory system, and blood, the carrier of oxygen within these components of the cardiorespiratory system. The respiratory system takes oxygen from the atmosphere and transports it by diffusion from the air in the alveoli to the blood flowing through the pulmonary capillaries. The cardiovascular system then moves the oxygenated blood from the heart to the microcirculation of the various organs by convection, where oxygen is released from hemoglobin in the red blood cells and moves to the parenchymal cells of each tissue by diffusion. Oxygen that has diffused into cells is then utilized in the mitochondria to produce adenosine triphosphate (ATP), the energy currency of all cells. The mitochondria are able to produce ATP until the oxygen tension or PO2 on the cell surface falls to a critical level of about 4–5 mm Hg. Thus, in order to meet the energetic needs of cells, it is important to maintain a continuous supply of oxygen to the mitochondria at or above the critical PO2 . In order to accomplish this desired outcome, the cardiorespiratory system, including the blood, must be capable of regulation to ensure survival of all tissues under a wide range of circumstances. The purpose of this presentation is to provide basic information about the operation and regulation of the cardiovascular and respiratory systems, as well as the properties of the blood and parenchymal cells, so that a fundamental understanding of the regulation of tissue oxygenation is achieved.
Download or read book Critical Care Clinics written by and published by . This book was released on 2009 with total page 0 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Book Synopsis Blood Substitutes, Present and Future Perspectives by : E. Tsuchida
Download or read book Blood Substitutes, Present and Future Perspectives written by E. Tsuchida and published by Elsevier. This book was released on 1999-01-14 with total page 409 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This book contains the selected papers presented at the seventh International Symposium on Blood Substitutes (7th ISBS) held at the International Conference Center of Waseda University in Tokyo on 7-10 September 1997. In keeping with the scientific design of the 7th ISBS Symposium, chapters have been carefully selected and organized to showcase the advancements in recent research. This book includes up-to-date clinical results of leading companies which are manufacturing hemoglobin-based or fluorocarbon-based blood substitutes, and covers issues of hemoglobin toxicity and side effects such as vasoconstriction in more detail using carefully designed in vivo and ex vivo techniques. This book is also a collection of various new types of red cell substitutes such as recombinant Hbs, recombinant albumine-lipidheme complex, modified red blood cells, and perfluorochemicals using material science and molecular engineering.
Book Synopsis Oxygen Transport to Tissue XXXIX by : Howard J. Halpern
Download or read book Oxygen Transport to Tissue XXXIX written by Howard J. Halpern and published by Springer. This book was released on 2017-07-06 with total page 427 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This volume presents all aspects of delivery of oxygen to tissues and tumors in peer reviewed short articles. Both overview and the most recent, advanced techniques for oxygen measurement are presented. Articles and peer reviewers include those from leaders in their field. Topics such as molecular signaling in the organismal and tumor response to low levels of local oxygenation, hypoxia inducible factor (HIF) , cancer metabolism, individual human and animal response to oxygen changes monitored by optical/near infrared spectroscopy/ tomography to novel electron resonance spectroscopy and spectroscopic imaging, instrumentation, progress in blood substitute research, retinal physiology, cellular hypoxia, mitochondrial function; brain oxygenation and function; oxygen transport in sports, hypoxia in diseases and clinical care. Chapters 10 and 19 of this book are open access under a CC BY 4.0 license.
Book Synopsis Reducing the Dependence on Blood with Hemoglobin Based Oxygen Carriers by : Alexander Thomas Williams
Download or read book Reducing the Dependence on Blood with Hemoglobin Based Oxygen Carriers written by Alexander Thomas Williams and published by . This book was released on 2019 with total page 173 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Red blood cell (RBC) transfusions have been a life-saving procedure following trauma for decades. Ex vivo storage of RBCs is limited to 42 days, as the RBCs degrade during storage. Recent evidence suggests that transfusions of stored RBCs are associated with adverse events and increased mortality. Blood shortages are frequent and are expected to increase as the population ages. My research explored new methods to prolong ex vivo RBC storage, and alternatives to RBCs. A novel improvement to RBC storage is storage under anaerobic conditions to minimize oxidative stress. Anaerobically stored RBCs improved RBC recovery and resuscitation from hemorrhagic shock compared to conventionally stored RBCs. However, anaerobic storage only slowed the degradation of RBCs, without further extending the RBC storage period. Therefore, we explored hemoglobin (Hb)-based O2 carriers (HBOCs) as an alternative to RBCs. HBOCs are advantageous relative to blood, as they are shelf-stable, not limited by donors for supply, and do not require blood-type matching before infusion. Clinical trials of previous generations of HBOCs failed due to unforeseen side-effects. The next generation of HBOCs involves high molecular weight Polymerized Hb (PolyHb), which is the most promising and scalable HBOC formulation that alleviates the side effects of previous HBOCs. We compared fresh and stored PolyHb to RBCs in a hemorrhagic shock resuscitation model. The results confirm that PolyHb was as effective as fresh RBCs to recover from shock and significantly superior to stored RBCs, and that PolyHb's properties or efficacy did not change during long term storage. Finally, we assessed the safety of PolyHb in guinea pigs, as they are more human-relevant than other preclinical models. This study demonstrated that increasing the molecular size of PolyHb alleviates side-effects of previous HBOC formulations, and that PolyHb toxicity is transient. Future work will focus on the safety of PolyHb, particularly in vulnerable patient populations.
Book Synopsis Chemistry and Biochemistry of Oxygen Therapeutics by : Andrea Mozzarelli
Download or read book Chemistry and Biochemistry of Oxygen Therapeutics written by Andrea Mozzarelli and published by John Wiley & Sons. This book was released on 2011-09-13 with total page 0 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Human blood performs many important functions including defence against disease and transport of biomolecules, but perhaps the most important is to carry oxygen – the fundamental biochemical fuel - and other blood gases around the cardiovascular system. Traditional therapies for the impairment of this function, or the rapid replacement of lost blood, have centred around blood transfusions. However scientists are developing chemicals (oxygen therapeutics, or “blood substitutes”) which have the same oxygen-carrying capability as blood and can be used as replacements for blood transfusion or to treat diseases where oxygen transport is impaired. Chemistry and Biochemistry of Oxygen Therapeutics: From Transfusion to Artificial Blood links the underlying biochemical principles of the field with chemical and biotechnological innovations and pre-clinical development. The first part of the book deals with the chemistry, biochemistry, physiology and toxicity of oxygen, including chapters on hemoglobin reactivity and regulation; the major cellular and physiological control mechanisms of blood flow and oxygen delivery; hemoglobin and myoglobin; nitric oxide and oxygen; and the role of reactive oxygen and nitrogen species in ischemia/reperfusion Injury. The book then discusses medical needs for oxygen supply, including acute traumatic hemorrhage and anemia; diagnosis and treatment of haemorrhages in "non-surgical" patients; management of perioperative bleeding; oxygenation in the preterm neonate; ischemia normobaric and hyperbaric oxygen therapy for ischemic stroke and other neurological conditions; and transfusion therapy in β thalassemia and sickle cell disease Finally “old”and new strategies for oxygen supply are described. These include the political, administrative and logistic issues surrounding transfusion; conscientious objection in patient blood management; causes and consequences of red cell incompatibility; biochemistry of red blood cell storage; proteomic investigations on stored red blood cells; red blood cells from stem cells; the universal red blood cell; allosteric effectors of hemoglobin; hemoglobin-based oxygen carriers; oxygen delivery by natural and artificial oxygen carriers; cross-linked and polymerized hemoglobins as potential blood substitutes; design of novel pegylated hemoglobins as oxygen carrying plasma expanders; hb octamers by introduction of surface cysteines; hemoglobin-vesicles as a cellular type hemoglobin-based oxygen carrier; animal models and oxidative biomarkers to evaluate pre-clinical safety of extracellular hemoglobins; and academia – industry collaboration in blood substitute development. Chemistry and Biochemistry of Oxygen Therapeutics: From Transfusion to Artificial Blood is an essential reference for clinicians, haematologists, medicinal chemists, biochemists, molecular biologists, biotechnologists and blood substitute researchers.
Book Synopsis Engineering Cellular Hemoglobin-based Oxygen Carriers for Use in Transfusion Medicine by : Shahid Rameez
Download or read book Engineering Cellular Hemoglobin-based Oxygen Carriers for Use in Transfusion Medicine written by Shahid Rameez and published by . This book was released on 2011 with total page 186 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Abstract: The main goal of the research discussed in this dissertation is to create effective and safe cellular hemoglobin (Hb)-based oxygen (O2) carriers (HBOCs) for use in transfusion medicine. This dissertation focuses on the development and scale up production of cellular HBOCs composed of novel lipid formulations and polymers. The research concentrates on the development of cellular HBOCs over acellular HBOCs and abiotic O2 carriers, owing to their various advantages, such as, longer shelf-life, high Hb content, increased circulation half-life, biocompatibility, and absence of vasoactivity and hypertension in vivo. This dissertation presents various novel large scale methods for the production of cellular HBOCs. The methods discussed are very efficient as HBOCs are produced with very reproducible biophysical properties. All the methods are designed with cost effectiveness in mind. The methods presented are simple and easily scalable to an industrial scale. In addition, they eliminate the use of energy consuming equipment/methods used in the production of other cellular HBOCs. Moreover, all the scale up methods are designed to satisfy important design criteria required to develop an effective O2 carrier, such as, high Hb content, suitable biophysical properties to ensure proper O2 delivery to tissues and organs and absence of any free Hb in the dispersions. This dissertation also outlines detailed insights on the role of the intracellular diffusion barrier, as a result of Hb encapsulation, on binding/release of gaseous molecules to Hb. It emphasizes the importance of the cellular membrane and Hb encapsulation, as well as the pivotal role it plays in regulating O2 delivery or consumption of nitric oxide (NO) by Hb in cellular HBOCs. In addition, the ex vivo experiments in rat arterial segments discussed in this dissertation provide for the correlation between O2 delivery and NO consumption to Hb-induced vasoconstriction by using exogenous and endogenous sources of NO. Overall, this dissertation presents novel cellular HBOCs with a potential of being safe and effective O2 carriers for use in transfusion medicine.
Book Synopsis Essentials of Blood Product Management in Anesthesia Practice by : Corey S. Scher
Download or read book Essentials of Blood Product Management in Anesthesia Practice written by Corey S. Scher and published by Springer Nature. This book was released on 2021-03-12 with total page 469 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This comprehensive book is written to inform and improve outcomes of patients in need of blood management during surgical procedures. Information is presented in an accessible format, allowing for immediate use in clinical practice. Beginning with an overview of the history of blood transfusions, early chapters present the foundational information needed to comprehend information in later chapters. Nuanced procedures, drugs, and techniques are covered, including new biologicals to assist clotting and blood substitutes. Further discussions focus on potential complications seen in blood transfusions, such as diseases of the coagulation system, pathogen transmissions, and acute lung injuries. Chapters also examine the complexities of treating specific demographics, of which include the geriatric patient and patients suffering from substance abuse. Essentials of Blood Product Management in Anesthesia Practice is an invaluable guide for anesthesiologists, surgeons, trauma physicians, and solid organ transplant providers.
Book Synopsis Effects of Hemoglobin-based Oxygen Carriers on the Vasoactivity of the Spinotrapezius Muscle of the Rat by : Pete Meliagros
Download or read book Effects of Hemoglobin-based Oxygen Carriers on the Vasoactivity of the Spinotrapezius Muscle of the Rat written by Pete Meliagros and published by . This book was released on 2009 with total page pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Hemoglobin-based oxygen carriers (HBOCs) offer a safe, more plentiful and long term alternate to blood banks. However, they have been found to increase blood pressure which can be attributed to an increase in total peripheral resistance (TPR). Lumenal nitric oxide (NO) scavenging by these HBOCs seems to be responsible for this hypertensive effect. In addition, it is believed that hemoglobin (Hb) tetramers and dimers may extravasate and consume additional nitric oxide in the perivascular and interstitial space. The purpose of the present study was to elucidate the role of NO scavenging and to confirm extravasation as a contributor to HBOC vasopressor effects in the spinotrapezius muscle. The present study investigated the vessel reactivity and mean arterial pressure response to three HBOCs: HBOC 201, HBOC 205 MW 400, and HBOC 205 MW 600. These varied in molecular weight (MW) and percentage of tetramers and dimers. It was found that larger polymers of HBOC showed no significant decrease in vasoactivity. Although larger polymers are less likely to extravasate, the remaining tetramers and dimers seem sufficient to contribute to the observed vasoactivity. Using NaNO2, a NO donor, in conjunction with the HBOCs almost completely abolished this hypertensive effect at higher concentrations. Further examination utilizing a nitric oxide synthase (NOS) inhibitor to mimic the HBOC vasopressor effects demonstrated that lower concentrations of NaNO2 were able to abolish the hypertensive effect. In vitro studies only further supported these results by demonstrating that NO consumption increases with HBOC dose. HBOC labeled with TRITC showed conclusive evidence that extravasation also plays a role in NO scavenging, even when minimal amounts of tetramers and dimers are present. In conclusion, the present study offers strong evidence that NO scavenging is responsible for the observed vasopressor effects. It also offers evidence supporting the theory that HBOC extravasation may be contributing to these vasopressor effects as well.
Book Synopsis Supramolecular Chemistry of Biomimetic Systems by : Junbai Li
Download or read book Supramolecular Chemistry of Biomimetic Systems written by Junbai Li and published by Springer. This book was released on 2017-10-10 with total page 389 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This book investigates the latest developments in supramolecular assembly systems for mimicking biological structures and functions. Consisting of 14 chapters, it covers various assembly systems, such as polysaccharides, peptides, proteins, biopolymers, natural materials and various hybrid systems. Further, it focuses on different types of supramolecular systems with particular functions or structures that are relevant to living systems. A number of modern techniques used to study the supramolecular systems, such as total internal reflection fluorescence microscopy (TIRFM) and two-photon confocal microscopy, are also introduced in detail. Unlike conventional books on supramolecular assemblies, this book highlights the functions of the assembly systems, particularly their biological applications. As such, it offers a valuable resource for experienced researchers, as well as graduate students working in the field of supramolecular chemistry and biomimetic systems.
Book Synopsis Chemistry and Biochemistry of Oxygen Therapeutics by : Andrea Mozzarelli
Download or read book Chemistry and Biochemistry of Oxygen Therapeutics written by Andrea Mozzarelli and published by John Wiley & Sons. This book was released on 2011-07-07 with total page 596 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Human blood performs many important functions including defence against disease and transport of biomolecules, but perhaps the most important is to carry oxygen – the fundamental biochemical fuel - and other blood gases around the cardiovascular system. Traditional therapies for the impairment of this function, or the rapid replacement of lost blood, have centred around blood transfusions. However scientists are developing chemicals (oxygen therapeutics, or “blood substitutes”) which have the same oxygen-carrying capability as blood and can be used as replacements for blood transfusion or to treat diseases where oxygen transport is impaired. Chemistry and Biochemistry of Oxygen Therapeutics: From Transfusion to Artificial Blood links the underlying biochemical principles of the field with chemical and biotechnological innovations and pre-clinical development. The first part of the book deals with the chemistry, biochemistry, physiology and toxicity of oxygen, including chapters on hemoglobin reactivity and regulation; the major cellular and physiological control mechanisms of blood flow and oxygen delivery; hemoglobin and myoglobin; nitric oxide and oxygen; and the role of reactive oxygen and nitrogen species in ischemia/reperfusion Injury. The book then discusses medical needs for oxygen supply, including acute traumatic hemorrhage and anemia; diagnosis and treatment of haemorrhages in "non-surgical" patients; management of perioperative bleeding; oxygenation in the preterm neonate; ischemia normobaric and hyperbaric oxygen therapy for ischemic stroke and other neurological conditions; and transfusion therapy in β thalassemia and sickle cell disease Finally “old”and new strategies for oxygen supply are described. These include the political, administrative and logistic issues surrounding transfusion; conscientious objection in patient blood management; causes and consequences of red cell incompatibility; biochemistry of red blood cell storage; proteomic investigations on stored red blood cells; red blood cells from stem cells; the universal red blood cell; allosteric effectors of hemoglobin; hemoglobin-based oxygen carriers; oxygen delivery by natural and artificial oxygen carriers; cross-linked and polymerized hemoglobins as potential blood substitutes; design of novel pegylated hemoglobins as oxygen carrying plasma expanders; hb octamers by introduction of surface cysteines; hemoglobin-vesicles as a cellular type hemoglobin-based oxygen carrier; animal models and oxidative biomarkers to evaluate pre-clinical safety of extracellular hemoglobins; and academia – industry collaboration in blood substitute development. Chemistry and Biochemistry of Oxygen Therapeutics: From Transfusion to Artificial Blood is an essential reference for clinicians, haematologists, medicinal chemists, biochemists, molecular biologists, biotechnologists and blood substitute researchers.
Book Synopsis Nanobiotherapeutic Based Blood Substitutes by : Thomas Ming Swi Chang
Download or read book Nanobiotherapeutic Based Blood Substitutes written by Thomas Ming Swi Chang and published by World Scientific. This book was released on 2021-10-28 with total page 1043 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This definitive volume will provide the reader with up to date information and the most recent science of the fast-evolving area of nanobiotherapeutic-based blood substitutes. Long studied, there are recent updates that make their use in patients more promising, and with one product approved for human use, many more in the pipeline. These include 2nd generations and even third generation ones, the later with enhancement of red blood cell functions. In addition, there are carefully written and referenced updates on the recent history and products in the field, complete with pathophysiologic and pharmacologic studies to validate and verify the efficacy and safety of many of these new products.
Book Synopsis Hemoglobin-based Oxygen Carriers as Blood Substitutes by :
Download or read book Hemoglobin-based Oxygen Carriers as Blood Substitutes written by and published by . This book was released on 2008 with total page 116 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Book Synopsis Immunohematology and Transfusion Medicine by : Mark T. Friedman
Download or read book Immunohematology and Transfusion Medicine written by Mark T. Friedman and published by Springer. This book was released on 2018-08-01 with total page 335 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The latest edition of this volume features an extensively revised and expanded collection of immunohematology and transfusion medicine cases, comprised of clinical vignettes and antibody panels with questions based on each case. Arranged in a workbook format, the text presents cases based on real patient problems that are typically encountered and covers a number of common issues and challenging problems in blood banking and transfusion practice. Discussion and resolution of each case is provided in a separate answer section, including up-to-date information on pertinent advances in the field. This second edition also contains new cases on topics not previously covered, including types of compatibility testing, polyagglutination, hematopoietic stem cell transplantation, immunohematology test drug interference, granulocyte transfusion, heparin-induced thrombocytopenia, and the approach to the bloodless patient. Written by experts in the field, Immunohematology and Transfusion Medicine: A Case Study Approach, Second Edition provides an interactive tool that makes blood banking and transfusion medicine memorable, practical, and relevant to residents and fellows.
