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Author : United States. Cryogenic Data Center
Publisher :
ISBN 13 :
Total Pages : 30 pages
Book Rating : 4.X/5 (1 download)
Download or read book Helium-4 Refrigerators written by United States. Cryogenic Data Center and published by . This book was released on 1969 with total page 30 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Author : United States. Cryogenic Data Center
Publisher :
ISBN 13 :
Total Pages : 18 pages
Book Rating : 4.X/5 (1 download)
Download or read book Helium 3 - Helium 4 Dilution Refrigerators written by United States. Cryogenic Data Center and published by . This book was released on 1969 with total page 18 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Author : Guy Gistau Baguer
Publisher : Springer Nature
ISBN 13 : 3030516776
Total Pages : 725 pages
Book Rating : 4.0/5 (35 download)
Download or read book Cryogenic Helium Refrigeration for Middle and Large Powers written by Guy Gistau Baguer and published by Springer Nature. This book was released on 2020-10-27 with total page 725 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This book offers a practical introduction to helium refrigeration engineering, taking a logical and structured approach to the design, building, commissioning, operation and maintenance of refrigeration systems. It begins with a short refresher of cryogenic principles, and a review of the theory of heat exchangers, allowing the reader to understand the importance of the heat exchanger role in the various thermodynamic cycle structures. The cycles are considered from the simplest (Joule Thomson) to the most complicated ones for the very large refrigeration plants and, finally, those operating at temperatures lower than 4.5 K. The focus then turns to the operation, ability and limitations of the main components, including room temperature cycle screw compressors, heat exchangers, cryogenic expansion turbines, cryogenic centrifugal compressors and circulators. The book also describes the basic principles of process control and studies the operating situations of helium plants, with emphasis on high level efficiency. A major issue is helium purity, and the book explains why helium is polluted, how to purify it and then how to check its purity, to ensure that all components are filled with pure helium prior to starting. Although the intention of the book is not to design thermodynamic cycles, it is of interest to a designer or operator of a cryogenic system to perform some simplified calculations to get an idea of how components or systems are behaving. Throughout the book, such calculations are generally performed using Microsoft® Excel and the Gaspak® or Hepak® software.
Author :
Publisher :
ISBN 13 :
Total Pages : 8 pages
Book Rating : 4.:/5 (929 download)
Download or read book A Helium Refrigerator with Features for Supercritical-pressure Cooling written by and published by . This book was released on 1983 with total page 8 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Author : Ron Legarski
Publisher : SolveForce
ISBN 13 :
Total Pages : 441 pages
Book Rating : 4./5 ( download)
Download or read book Helium written by Ron Legarski and published by SolveForce. This book was released on 2024-08-31 with total page 441 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: "Helium: From Discovery to Modern Energy Applications" is an authoritative exploration of helium, one of the most fascinating and essential elements in the modern world. This comprehensive guide takes readers on a journey from helium's initial discovery in the sun's spectrum to its pivotal role in cutting-edge technologies and its potential as a game-changer in future energy systems. Helium is more than just a gas used to fill balloons—it's a critical resource that underpins advancements in fields as diverse as healthcare, electronics, aerospace, and energy. This book delves into the unique properties of helium that make it indispensable for applications such as magnetic resonance imaging (MRI), semiconductor manufacturing, and space exploration. It also addresses the looming challenges of helium scarcity and the innovative solutions being developed to ensure its availability for future generations. The book is structured to provide both a historical perspective and a forward-looking view of helium's role in our world. Early chapters offer a fascinating account of helium's discovery and its initial uses, setting the stage for more technical discussions on its physical and chemical properties. Readers will gain a deep understanding of how helium functions in cryogenics, superconductivity, and quantum computing, as well as its potential as a fuel for nuclear fusion. Special emphasis is placed on helium-3, a rare isotope with promising applications in energy production. The book explores the ambitious idea of mining helium-3 on the Moon and its potential to revolutionize the global energy landscape. Through detailed analysis and case studies, the author sheds light on the economic, environmental, and ethical considerations surrounding helium's use. Written by Ron Legarski, a telecommunications and technology solutions expert with over two decades of industry experience, this book combines technical expertise with practical insights. Ron's deep understanding of the technological landscape, coupled with his interest in helium's role in the future of energy, makes this book a valuable resource for professionals, researchers, and students alike. "Helium: From Discovery to Modern Energy Applications" is an essential read for anyone interested in the intersection of science, technology, and industry. Whether you are a scientist, engineer, policymaker, or simply curious about the role of helium in modern life, this book offers a thorough and engaging exploration of an element that continues to shape the future of technology and energy.
Author : Albert Robert Menard
Publisher :
ISBN 13 :
Total Pages : 92 pages
Book Rating : 4.:/5 (193 download)
Download or read book A Helium Three-helium Four Dilution Refrigerator written by Albert Robert Menard and published by . This book was released on 1969 with total page 92 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Author : Conrad J. Rauch
Publisher :
ISBN 13 :
Total Pages : 22 pages
Book Rating : 4.:/5 (479 download)
Download or read book A Helium Refrigerator written by Conrad J. Rauch and published by . This book was released on 1960 with total page 22 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Author : Dudley B. Chelton
Publisher :
ISBN 13 :
Total Pages : 38 pages
Book Rating : 4.3/5 (91 download)
Download or read book Helium Refrigeration and Liquefaction Using a Liquid Hydrogen Refrigerator for Precooling written by Dudley B. Chelton and published by . This book was released on 1960 with total page 38 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Consideration is given to the use of a hydrogen refrigerator to assist in the production of temperatures below those obtained with hydrogen. A hydrogen refrigerator is used to maintain a precooling evaporator at or near 21° K in a helium gas circuit. The helium circuit may be arranged to produce liquid for external use or to produce refrigeration between 21° K and 4.2° K in a closed system. Charts have been developed that show the requirements of the composite helium: hydrogen system and the effect of heat exchanger performance. The relative quantities of refrigeration (hydrogen and helium) at various temperature levels have been determined.
Author : Thomas R. Strobridge
Publisher :
ISBN 13 :
Total Pages : 18 pages
Book Rating : 4.3/5 (91 download)
Download or read book Cryogenic Refrigerators--an Updated Survey written by Thomas R. Strobridge and published by . This book was released on 1974 with total page 18 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Author : Robert W. Coakley
Publisher :
ISBN 13 :
Total Pages : 108 pages
Book Rating : 4.:/5 (215 download)
Download or read book Design Criteria for a Helium-3 Dilution Refrigerator written by Robert W. Coakley and published by . This book was released on 1967 with total page 108 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Author : Frank Pobell
Publisher : Springer Science & Business Media
ISBN 13 : 366208578X
Total Pages : 328 pages
Book Rating : 4.6/5 (62 download)
Download or read book Matter and Methods at Low Temperatures written by Frank Pobell and published by Springer Science & Business Media. This book was released on 2013-04-17 with total page 328 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The aim of this book is to provide information about performing experi ments at low temperatures, as well as basic facts concerning the low tem perature properties of liquid and solid matter. To orient the reader, I begin with chapters on these low temperature properties. The major part of the book is then devoted to refrigeration techniques and to the physics on which they are based. Of equal importance, of course, are the definition and measurement of temperature; hence low temperature thermometry is extensively discussed in subsequent chapters. Finally, I describe a variety of design and construction techniques which have turned out to be useful over the years. The content of the book is based on the three-hour-per-week lecture course which I have given several times at the University of Bayreuth between 1983 and 1991. It should be particularly suited for advanced stu dents whose intended masters (diploma) or Ph.D. subject is experimental condensed matter physics at low temperatures. However, I believe that the book will also be of value to experienced scientists, since it describes sev eral very recent advances in experimental low temperature physics and technology, for example, new developments in nuclear refrigeration and thermometry.
Author : Peter Kittel
Publisher : Springer Science & Business Media
ISBN 13 : 9780306448546
Total Pages : 2106 pages
Book Rating : 4.4/5 (485 download)
Download or read book Advances in Cryogenic Engineering written by Peter Kittel and published by Springer Science & Business Media. This book was released on 1994 with total page 2106 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Author : Sam Stuart
Publisher : Elsevier
ISBN 13 : 1483280195
Total Pages : 559 pages
Book Rating : 4.4/5 (832 download)
Download or read book Liquid Helium Technology written by Sam Stuart and published by Elsevier. This book was released on 2014-12-03 with total page 559 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Pure and Applied Cryogenics, Volume 6: Liquid Helium Technology focuses on the principles, techniques, methodologies, and approaches involved in liquid helium technology. The selection examines liquid helium technology at the National Bureau of Standards, properties of liquid helium, heat transfer to liquid helium, and noise associated with heat transfer to liquid helium II. Discussions focus on apparatus and instrumentation, test procedure, liquid helium as a cryogenic liquid, zero viscosity, momentum of heat flow, rotation and vortex lines, oscillation of vortex lines, and quantized vortices. The publication then takes a look at boiling heat transfer to liquid helium, heat transfer from metal to supercritical helium, heat transfer to boiling liquid helium in narrow vertical channels, and critical nucleate boiling of liquid helium in a simulated wire wound magnet. The text ponders on microdegree temperature controller for liquid helium II bath, commercial production, storage and distribution of liquid helium, lightweight liquid helium dewar, commercial handling of liquid helium dewars, effectiveness of low temperature refrigeration for electronics, and a bulk liquid helium distribution system. The selection is a valuable source of information for scientists and researchers interested in liquid helium technology.
Download or read book The Cost of Helium Refrigerators and Coolers for SuperconductingDevices as a Function of Cooling at 4 K. written by and published by . This book was released on 2007 with total page pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This paper is an update of papers written in 1991 and in1997 by Rod Byrns and this author concerning estimating the cost ofrefrigeration for superconducting magnets and cavities. The actual costsof helium refrigerators and coolers (escalated to 2007 dollars) areplotted and compared to a correlation function. A correlation functionbetween cost and refrigeration at 4.5 K is given. The capital cost oflarger refrigerators (greater than 10 W at 4.5 K) is plotted as afunction of 4.5-K cooling. The cost of small coolers is plotted as afunction of refrigeration available at 4.2 K.A correlation function forestimating efficiency (percent of Carnot) of both types of refrigeratorsis also given.
Author : United States. National Bureau of Standards
Publisher :
ISBN 13 :
Total Pages : 310 pages
Book Rating : 4.0/5 (98 download)
Download or read book Technical News Bulletin written by United States. National Bureau of Standards and published by . This book was released on 1969 with total page 310 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Author :
Publisher :
ISBN 13 :
Total Pages : 800 pages
Book Rating : 4.F/5 ( download)
Download or read book NBS Special Publication written by and published by . This book was released on 1968 with total page 800 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Author :
Publisher :
ISBN 13 :
Total Pages : 476 pages
Book Rating : 4.:/5 (31 download)
Download or read book Superconducting Devices & Materials written by and published by . This book was released on 1968 with total page 476 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
