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Author :
Publisher :
ISBN 13 :
Total Pages : 572 pages
Book Rating : 4.F/5 ( download)
Download or read book Heavy Oil--a Major Energy Source for the 21st Century written by and published by . This book was released on 1998 with total page 572 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Author :
Publisher :
ISBN 13 :
Total Pages : 0 pages
Book Rating : 4.:/5 (833 download)
Download or read book Heavy Oil - a Major Energy Source for the 21st Century written by and published by . This book was released on 1998 with total page 0 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Author :
Publisher :
ISBN 13 :
Total Pages : 662 pages
Book Rating : 4.F/5 ( download)
Download or read book Heavy Oil--a Major Energy Source for the 21st Century written by and published by . This book was released on 1998 with total page 662 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Author : United Nations Institute for Training and Research/United Nations Development Programme Information Centre for Heavy Crude and Tar Sands
Publisher :
ISBN 13 :
Total Pages : 2178 pages
Book Rating : 4.:/5 (448 download)
Download or read book Heavy oil, a major energy source for the 21st century written by United Nations Institute for Training and Research/United Nations Development Programme Information Centre for Heavy Crude and Tar Sands and published by . This book was released on 1998 with total page 2178 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Author : R. F. Meyer
Publisher :
ISBN 13 :
Total Pages : pages
Book Rating : 4.:/5 (463 download)
Download or read book Heavy Oil written by R. F. Meyer and published by . This book was released on 1998 with total page pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Author : Michael Ratner Et Al
Publisher : Independently Published
ISBN 13 : 9781790724604
Total Pages : 48 pages
Book Rating : 4.7/5 (246 download)
Download or read book 21st Century U. S. Energy Sources written by Michael Ratner Et Al and published by Independently Published. This book was released on 2018-12-04 with total page 48 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Since the start of the 21st century, the U.S. energy system has seen tremendous changes. Technological advances in energy production have driven changes in energy consumption, and the United States has moved from being a growing net importer of most forms of energy to a declining importer-and possibly a net exporter in the near future. The United States remains the second largest producer and consumer of energy in the world, behind China. The U.S. oil and natural gas industry has gone through a "renaissance" of production. Technological improvements in hydraulic fracturing and horizontal drilling have unlocked enormous oil and natural gas resources from unconventional formations, such as shale. Oil has surpassed levels of production not seen since the 1970s. Natural gas has set new production records almost every year since 2000. In conjunction with the rise in oil and natural gas production, U.S. production of natural gas liquids has also increased. The rise in production of these fuel sources has also corresponded with increased consumption and exports of each. The rise in U.S. oil and natural gas production has taken place mostly onshore and on nonfederal lands. Crude oil production from nonfederal land has doubled over the past decade. While production on federal land has increased, it has not grown as fast as oil production on nonfederal land, causing the federal land share of total U.S. crude oil production to fall from its peak of nearly 36% in 2009 to about 24% in 2017. U.S. natural gas production shifted even more dramatically, with total U.S. dry production growing 33% since 2008, while gross withdrawals on federal lands declined by almost 32% over the same time period. The federal land share of total gross withdrawals decreased from 25% in 2008 to 13% in 2017. The electric power industry is transforming. Growth in demand for electricity has essentially been flat for many years, and the amount of new power generation capacity needed has declined each year in many parts of the country. The projections for future demand growth in most regions of the United States are declining. Natural gas edged out coal to become the primary electric generation fuel in 2016 and the growth in wind and solar energy has shown little sign of abating. The electricity infrastructure of the United States is aging. Uncertainty exists about how to modernize the grid and what technologies and fuels will be used to produce electricity in the future. Unresolved questions about transmission and reliability of the grid are arising due to potential cybersecurity threats and continuing interest in renewable energy and other low carbon sources of electricity. Concerns about reliability and electricity prices are complicated by environmental regulations, the intermittent nature of wind and solar power, and the rising availability of natural gas for electric power production. Renewables production and consumption have increased since 2000. As a source of total primary energy, renewable energy increased 80% between 2000 and 2017. Unlike some other energy commodities (e.g., crude oil), renewable energy is available in a variety of distinct forms that use different conversion technologies to produce usable energy products (e.g., electricity, heat, and liquid fuels). Therefore, it is important to distinguish between renewable fuel sources and uses. The United States has the largest coal resources in the world. Coal is used primarily for electricity generation. Although its prices have stayed low, coal has faced increasing competition from natural gas and renewables. U.S. coal consumption peaked in 2007 and has since declined by 39%. Coal currently supplies approximately 30% of electricity generation. Nuclear-generated electricity output has stayed flat during the same time period, and faces significant challenges as a future source of electric power generation.
Author : Michael Ratner
Publisher : Createspace Independent Publishing Platform
ISBN 13 : 9781547015856
Total Pages : 42 pages
Book Rating : 4.0/5 (158 download)
Download or read book 21st Century U.s. Energy Sources written by Michael Ratner and published by Createspace Independent Publishing Platform. This book was released on 2017-05-29 with total page 42 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Since the start of the 21st century, the U.S. energy system has seen tremendous changes. Technological advances in energy production have driven changes in energy consumption, and the United States has moved from being a growing net importer of most forms of energy to a declining importer, and possibly a net exporter in the near future. The United States remains the second largest consumer of energy in the world, behind China. The U.S. oil and natural gas industry has gone through a renaissance of production. Technological improvements in hydraulic fracturing and horizontal drilling have unlocked enormous oil and natural gas resources from tight formations, such as shale. Oil has reached a level of production not seen in decades, and is projected to surpass the previous peaks of the early 1970s. Natural gas has set new production records almost every year since 2000. In conjunction with the rise in oil and natural gas production, U.S. production of natural gas liquids has also increased. The rise in production of these fuel sources has also corresponded with increased consumption and exports of each. The rise in U.S. oil and natural gas production has taken place mostly onshore and on nonfederal lands. Nonfederal crude oil production nearly doubled over the past decade. While production on federal land has increased, it has not grown as fast as nonfederal oil production, causing the federal share of total U.S. crude oil production to fall from its peak of nearly 36% in 2009 to about 22% in 2015 (the latest data available). U.S natural gas production shifted even more dramatically, with total U.S. production nearly doubling since 2006, while production on federal lands declined by almost 26% over the same time period. The federal share decreased from 28% in 2006 to 15% in 2015. The electric power industry is in the process of transformation, especially with natural gas becoming the main electric generation fuel in 2016 and the growth in renewable forms of energy. The electricity infrastructure of the United States is aging. Uncertainty exists about how to modernize the grid and what technologies and fuels will be used to produce electricity in the future. Unresolved questions about transmission and reliability of the grid are arising due to potential cybersecurity threats and continuing interest in renewable energy and other low carbon sources of electricity. Concerns about reliability and electricity prices are complicated by environmental regulations and the rising availability of natural gas for electric power production. While renewable energy is currently a relatively small portion of the total U.S. energy sector, renewables production and consumption have increased since the turn of this century. As a source of total primary energy, renewable energy increased 97% between 2001 and 2016. Unlike some other energy commodities (e.g., crude oil), renewable energy is available in a variety of distinct forms that use different conversion technologies to produce usable energy products (e.g., electricity, heat, and liquid fuels). Therefore, it is important to distinguish between renewable fuel sources and uses. The United States has the largest coal resources in the world. Coal is used primarily for electricity generation. Although its prices have stayed low, coal has faced increasing competition from natural gas and renewables. U.S. consumption peaked in 2007 and has since declined by 35%. Meanwhile, nuclear output has stayed flat during the time period, but has faced significant stress as a future source of electric power generation.
Author : John R. Fanchi
Publisher : World Scientific
ISBN 13 : 981432454X
Total Pages : 376 pages
Book Rating : 4.8/5 (143 download)
Download or read book Energy in the 21st Century written by John R. Fanchi and published by World Scientific. This book was released on 2011 with total page 376 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Energy may be the most important factor that will influence the shape of society in the 21st century. The cost and availability of energy significantly impacts our quality of life and the health of national economies. This book examines the energy sources that play a vital role in society.
Author : Robert Mabro
Publisher : Oxford University Press, USA
ISBN 13 : 9780199207381
Total Pages : 388 pages
Book Rating : 4.2/5 (73 download)
Download or read book Oil in the 21st Century written by Robert Mabro and published by Oxford University Press, USA. This book was released on 2006 with total page 388 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Oil is hitting the headlines once again. The big increases in oil prices over the past two years are upsetting consumers and puzzling producers. The reasons are difficult to understand, since few people are familiar with the complex workings of the price regime for oil in international trade. It is said that sluggish investment is a major cause, but what are the reasons for inadequate investment in oil producing and refining plants during the last 20 years? Does oil have a future? We are told that oil production will soon peak because the rate of production is higher than replacement rates. Climate change problems are casting a shadow over the future of fossil fuels. There may, however, be a solution to the nefarious CO2 emissions in, for instance, technologies that sequestrate carbon. Oil's stronghold is the transport sector: cars, trucks, railway engines, planes, ships. The demand for oil would suffer a fatal blow if technical innovations in car engines make it possible to use an alternative fuel to petrol or diesel. New energy sources - wind, solar, tide, waves, geo-thermal - are both renewable and environment-friendly. Do they represent a threat to the future of oil? An international team of experts addresses these highly topical questions in this comprehensive volume.
Author : Hermann-Josef Wagner
Publisher : Haus Publishing
ISBN 13 : 1906598541
Total Pages : 305 pages
Book Rating : 4.9/5 (65 download)
Download or read book Energy written by Hermann-Josef Wagner and published by Haus Publishing. This book was released on 2009-09-01 with total page 305 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The future of our energy supplies is an explosive topic. Unprecedented global population growth means that energy consumption will certainly continue to increase dramatically, and the worldwide political structures will be reordered. Finding alternative energy sources to avoid a climate catastrophe is a major priority for the 21st century.
Author : Amos Salvador
Publisher :
ISBN 13 :
Total Pages : 220 pages
Book Rating : 4.:/5 (318 download)
Download or read book Energy written by Amos Salvador and published by . This book was released on 2005 with total page 220 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Accompanying CD-ROM contains the appendix tables as Excel spreadsheets with detailed historical data on human population, energy consumption, and current information about present and future sources of energy.
Author : Anco S. Blazev
Publisher : CRC Press
ISBN 13 : 877022322X
Total Pages : 788 pages
Book Rating : 4.7/5 (72 download)
Download or read book Energy Security for the 21st Century written by Anco S. Blazev and published by CRC Press. This book was released on 2021-01-14 with total page 788 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This book takes a very close look at energy and energy security from a hands-on, technical point of view with an ultimate goal of sorting out and explaining the deep meaning of energy as well as the key factors and variables of our energy security. The book reviews the major energy sources—coal, crude oil, natural gas, the renewables, and other alternative fuels and technologies—according to the way they affect our energy security now and what consequences might be expected in the future. Topics include the different technical, logistics, regulatory, social, political, and financial aspects of modern energy products and technologies. The advantages and disadvantages of the different fuels, technologies, energy strategies, regulations, and policies are reviewed in detail, sorted, and clearly laid out as well as their effects on our present and future energy security in a way that is easy to understand by high school students, engineers, and professors alike. This book is a must-read for energy executives, environmental specialists, investors, bankers, lawyers, regulators, politicians, and anyone involved, or interested, in today’s energy production and use and their effects on our energy security.
Author : Alex Epstein
Publisher : Penguin
ISBN 13 : 0698175484
Total Pages : 257 pages
Book Rating : 4.6/5 (981 download)
Download or read book The Moral Case for Fossil Fuels written by Alex Epstein and published by Penguin. This book was released on 2014-11-13 with total page 257 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Could everything we know about fossil fuels be wrong? For decades, environmentalists have told us that using fossil fuels is a self-destructive addiction that will destroy our planet. Yet at the same time, by every measure of human well-being, from life expectancy to clean water to climate safety, life has been getting better and better. How can this be? The explanation, energy expert Alex Epstein argues in The Moral Case for Fossil Fuels, is that we usually hear only one side of the story. We’re taught to think only of the negatives of fossil fuels, their risks and side effects, but not their positives—their unique ability to provide cheap, reliable energy for a world of seven billion people. And the moral significance of cheap, reliable energy, Epstein argues, is woefully underrated. Energy is our ability to improve every single aspect of life, whether economic or environmental. If we look at the big picture of fossil fuels compared with the alternatives, the overall impact of using fossil fuels is to make the world a far better place. We are morally obligated to use more fossil fuels for the sake of our economy and our environment. Drawing on original insights and cutting-edge research, Epstein argues that most of what we hear about fossil fuels is a myth. For instance . . . Myth: Fossil fuels are dirty. Truth: The environmental benefits of using fossil fuels far outweigh the risks. Fossil fuels don’t take a naturally clean environment and make it dirty; they take a naturally dirty environment and make it clean. They don’t take a naturally safe climate and make it dangerous; they take a naturally dangerous climate and make it ever safer. Myth: Fossil fuels are unsustainable, so we should strive to use “renewable” solar and wind. Truth: The sun and wind are intermittent, unreliable fuels that always need backup from a reliable source of energy—usually fossil fuels. There are huge amounts of fossil fuels left, and we have plenty of time to find something cheaper. Myth: Fossil fuels are hurting the developing world. Truth: Fossil fuels are the key to improving the quality of life for billions of people in the developing world. If we withhold them, access to clean water plummets, critical medical machines like incubators become impossible to operate, and life expectancy drops significantly. Calls to “get off fossil fuels” are calls to degrade the lives of innocent people who merely want the same opportunities we enjoy in the West. Taking everything into account, including the facts about climate change, Epstein argues that “fossil fuels are easy to misunderstand and demonize, but they are absolutely good to use. And they absolutely need to be championed. . . . Mankind’s use of fossil fuels is supremely virtuous—because human life is the standard of value and because using fossil fuels transforms our environment to make it wonderful for human life.”
Author : Roy L. Nersesian
Publisher : Routledge
ISBN 13 :
Total Pages : 432 pages
Book Rating : 4.F/5 ( download)
Download or read book Energy for the 21st Century written by Roy L. Nersesian and published by Routledge. This book was released on 2007 with total page 432 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Provides a detailed analysis of the past, present, and future of all the principal energy sources--biomass, coal, oil, natural gas, hydro and nuclear power--as well as sustainable sources, especially fuel cell technology.
Author : Vaclav Smil
Publisher : John Wiley & Sons
ISBN 13 : 1119012864
Total Pages : 263 pages
Book Rating : 4.1/5 (19 download)
Download or read book Natural Gas written by Vaclav Smil and published by John Wiley & Sons. This book was released on 2015-09-21 with total page 263 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Natural gas is the world’s cleanest fossil fuel; it generates less air pollution and releases less CO2 per unit of useful energy than liquid fuels or coals. With its vast supplies of conventional resources and nonconventional stores, the extension of long-distance gas pipelines and the recent expansion of liquefied natural gas trade, a truly global market has been created for this clean fuel. Natural Gas: Fuel for the 21st Century discusses the place and prospects of natural gas in modern high-energy societies. Vaclav Smil presents a systematic survey of the qualities, origins, extraction, processing and transportation of natural gas, followed by a detailed appraisal of its many preferred, traditional and potential uses, and the recent emergence of the fuel as a globally traded commodity. The unfolding diversification of sources, particularly hydraulic fracturing, and the role of natural gas in national and global energy transitions are described. The book concludes with a discussion on the advantages, risks, benefits and costs of natural gas as a leading, if not dominant, fuel of the 21st century. This interdisciplinary text will be of interest to a wide readership concerned with global energy affairs including professionals and academics in energy and environmental science, policy makers, consultants and advisors with an interest in the rapidly-changing global energy industry.
Author : Advisory Committee on Technology and Society
Publisher : National Academies Press
ISBN 13 : 0309037867
Total Pages : 368 pages
Book Rating : 4.3/5 (9 download)
Download or read book Cities and Their Vital Systems written by Advisory Committee on Technology and Society and published by National Academies Press. This book was released on 1988-02-01 with total page 368 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Cities and Their Vital Systems asks basic questions about the longevity, utility, and nature of urban infrastructures; analyzes how they grow, interact, and change; and asks how, when, and at what cost they should be replaced. Among the topics discussed are problems arising from increasing air travel and airport congestion; the adequacy of water supplies and waste treatment; the impact of new technologies on construction; urban real estate values; and the field of "telematics," the combination of computers and telecommunications that makes money machines and national newspapers possible.
Author : Brian Hicks
Publisher : John Wiley & Sons
ISBN 13 : 0470280174
Total Pages : 306 pages
Book Rating : 4.4/5 (72 download)
Download or read book Profit from the Peak written by Brian Hicks and published by John Wiley & Sons. This book was released on 2008-06-02 with total page 306 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Profit from the Peak contains the information you need to successfully navigate the end of our oil-based economy. It takes a hard look at the future of oil and gas, examines how you can effectively invest in these resources, and profit from energy alternatives that are poised to power the years ahead. Along the way, this book also explores the potential, and possible limitations, of each major energy source, while carefully cover the investing angles of each one.
