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Author : Larry E. Carter
Publisher :
ISBN 13 :
Total Pages : 428 pages
Book Rating : 4.:/5 (464 download)
Download or read book Health Care Reform at the Subnational Level written by Larry E. Carter and published by . This book was released on 1997 with total page 428 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Author :
Publisher : National Academies
ISBN 13 :
Total Pages : 120 pages
Book Rating : 4.1/5 (142 download)
Download or read book Changing the Health Care System written by and published by National Academies. This book was released on 1994 with total page 120 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Author : Professor Katherine Fierlbeck
Publisher : Ashgate Publishing, Ltd.
ISBN 13 : 1472432312
Total Pages : 329 pages
Book Rating : 4.4/5 (724 download)
Download or read book Comparative Health Care Federalism written by Professor Katherine Fierlbeck and published by Ashgate Publishing, Ltd.. This book was released on 2015-05-28 with total page 329 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Examining the changing nature of health care federalism within a competitive global context, Comparative Health Care Federalism provides a rich and nuanced account of the way in which the interplay of federal relationships impact health care within an array of systems. Complementing the theoretical and methodological objectives, this book provides a detailed, empirical description of the challenges faced by different states and the ways in which health policy-making works within each of the federal, quasi-federal, and functional federal systems presented. The authors consider what variables contribute to the formation of robust and sustainable health care systems.
Author :
Publisher :
ISBN 13 :
Total Pages : 0 pages
Book Rating : 4.:/5 (922 download)
Download or read book Authoritarian Governance, Decentralization, and State Legitimacy written by and published by . This book was released on 2013 with total page 0 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Motivated by the puzzle of state-led social policy expansion under an authoritarian regime, I examine China's rural health reform at the national level and implementation at the local level through three major questions: (1) Without the pressures of elections, why and how does an authoritarian state expand its role in healthcare? (2) In an authoritarian context, what are the causes and consequences of subnational variation in health policy implementation? (3) Why has inadequate healthcare not generated greater political instability in rural China? Through analysis of original survey data and fieldwork, I further our understanding of the sources of subnational social policy variation and the relationship between social policy and state legitimacy in an authoritarian context. At the national level, I demonstrate that a confluence of domestic and international factors, including changes in policymaking and international discourse regarding social policy, coupled with leadership change and a catalyzing event, precipitated health reform in China. At the subnational level, I show that provincial variation can be attributed two factors. First, because of distinct economic development strategies, Chinese provinces vary systematically in social policy priorities, producing subnational welfare regimes. Second, divergent center-province relations associated with provincial wealth generate different approaches to health policy implementation. Because poorer provinces rely on progressive central government transfers for healthcare, provincial leaders demonstrate compliance with national policy by setting provincial standards for implementation, thereby ensuring that local implementation is ostensibly consistent with central government goals. By contrast, since wealthier provinces are not reliant on central subsidies, they tend to further decentralize implementation and funding for health to lower levels of government. Despite the central government's progressive health subsidies, healthcare continues to lag behind in poorer areas. Although protest abounds in China, persistent problems in rural healthcare have not threatened political stability. I demonstrate that, although social welfare is linked to state legitimacy, villagers' expectations for healthcare are minimal. Consequently, although healthcare services cannot meet basic needs, they are sufficient to appease villagers. By examining health policy in rural China, my research advances our understanding of the relationship between social policy, decentralization, and state legitimacy in China and beyond.
Author : Lucia Felix Beltran
Publisher :
ISBN 13 :
Total Pages : 0 pages
Book Rating : 4.3/5 (796 download)
Download or read book Health Reform and the Evolution of the Private Sector in Financing and Workforce of the Mexican Healthcare System written by Lucia Felix Beltran and published by . This book was released on 2023 with total page 0 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Understood as a benefit derived from social security, healthcare provision was historically developed in Mexico within the context of labor laws and tied to the multiple social security institutions (SSIs) created throughout the first half of the twentieth century. However, the combination of an increase in informal unemployment, lack of institutional fiscal frameworks to support revenue raising, and political-economic aspects led to the development of a three-tiered system with financing and healthcare delivery practically independent from each other: 1) public health services provided by the various social-security institutions to the SSI-affiliated population, 2) public Ministry of Health (MoH) delivery for the population without affiliation to SSIs (nonSSI population) and 3) an increasingly growing private sector that complements the public health system's inability to meet population needs.During the past three decades, Mexico adopted multiple health reforms targeting the nonSSI tier with the aim of reducing inequities that result from financial and healthcare delivery fragmentation across the two tiers of the public healthcare system. These reforms included changes to health financing, workforce and shifted the fiscal attributions between states and the central government. While there exists abundant evidence on the consequences of these reforms on health system performance of the public non-SSI tier, two issues remain unexplored. First, the variation of these effects across the 32 Mexican states. Second, the absence of studies in the private sector even when almost half of national total health spending is financed through private funds.In this context, this dissertation aims to assess the participation of the private sector in health financing and workforce for the non-SSI tier of the Mexican healthcare system. To do so, it carries out three empirical studies with different research designs and data sources.The first study uses a cross-sectional design and data from an individual-level survey of adults from four Latin American countries in 2014; Mexico, El Salvador, Colombia and Brazil to investigate the association between private insurance and financial protection. Results point out that countries that managed to integrate the social security and non-social security health tiers through changes in health financing arrangements, -Brazil and Colombia- are potentially better able to provide financial protection to their population than Mexico and El Salvador, which continue to face steeper integration challenges underpinned by their health financing arrangements.The second and third studies are sub-national analyses of the effect of public health spending for the non-SSI population on financial protection (study 2) and workforce (study 3). Study 2 uses a cross-sectional design (2018) to test if states that allocate a higher level of financial resources to health for the non-SSI population are better able to protect their population against financial burden. Overall, results point to an inverse relationship between public health spending and financial protection and that this is even more pronounced in states that allocate a higher share from their own revenues.Study 3 uses multiple available data sources to build 17-year panel (2004-2020) to investigate the effect of public health spending for the non-SSI on changes in the number of physicians working in public and private settings. Results show that the rate of nurses grew more than physicians during the period of study, particularly among those working in public settings. While public health spending on the non-SSI population contributed to increased public and private workforce, there are steep variations across states.This dissertation contributes to the discussion of central government-state relations as well as the interaction between public-private sectors in healthcare, since they can no longer be independently understood.
Author : National Academies of Sciences, Engineering, and Medicine
Publisher : National Academies Press
ISBN 13 : 0309477891
Total Pages : 399 pages
Book Rating : 4.3/5 (94 download)
Download or read book Crossing the Global Quality Chasm written by National Academies of Sciences, Engineering, and Medicine and published by National Academies Press. This book was released on 2019-01-27 with total page 399 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: In 2015, building on the advances of the Millennium Development Goals, the United Nations adopted Sustainable Development Goals that include an explicit commitment to achieve universal health coverage by 2030. However, enormous gaps remain between what is achievable in human health and where global health stands today, and progress has been both incomplete and unevenly distributed. In order to meet this goal, a deliberate and comprehensive effort is needed to improve the quality of health care services globally. Crossing the Global Quality Chasm: Improving Health Care Worldwide focuses on one particular shortfall in health care affecting global populations: defects in the quality of care. This study reviews the available evidence on the quality of care worldwide and makes recommendations to improve health care quality globally while expanding access to preventive and therapeutic services, with a focus in low-resource areas. Crossing the Global Quality Chasm emphasizes the organization and delivery of safe and effective care at the patient/provider interface. This study explores issues of access to services and commodities, effectiveness, safety, efficiency, and equity. Focusing on front line service delivery that can directly impact health outcomes for individuals and populations, this book will be an essential guide for key stakeholders, governments, donors, health systems, and others involved in health care.
Author : National Academies of Sciences, Engineering, and Medicine
Publisher : National Academies Press
ISBN 13 : 0309452961
Total Pages : 583 pages
Book Rating : 4.3/5 (94 download)
Download or read book Communities in Action written by National Academies of Sciences, Engineering, and Medicine and published by National Academies Press. This book was released on 2017-04-27 with total page 583 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: In the United States, some populations suffer from far greater disparities in health than others. Those disparities are caused not only by fundamental differences in health status across segments of the population, but also because of inequities in factors that impact health status, so-called determinants of health. Only part of an individual's health status depends on his or her behavior and choice; community-wide problems like poverty, unemployment, poor education, inadequate housing, poor public transportation, interpersonal violence, and decaying neighborhoods also contribute to health inequities, as well as the historic and ongoing interplay of structures, policies, and norms that shape lives. When these factors are not optimal in a community, it does not mean they are intractable: such inequities can be mitigated by social policies that can shape health in powerful ways. Communities in Action: Pathways to Health Equity seeks to delineate the causes of and the solutions to health inequities in the United States. This report focuses on what communities can do to promote health equity, what actions are needed by the many and varied stakeholders that are part of communities or support them, as well as the root causes and structural barriers that need to be overcome.
Author : Michele Gragnolati
Publisher : World Bank Publications
ISBN 13 : 0821398431
Total Pages : 132 pages
Book Rating : 4.8/5 (213 download)
Download or read book Twenty Years of Health System Reform in Brazil written by Michele Gragnolati and published by World Bank Publications. This book was released on 2013-06-27 with total page 132 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: It has been more than 20 years since Brazil's 1988 Constitution formally established the Unified Health System (Sistema Unico de Saude, SUS). Building on reforms that started in the 1980s, the SUS represented a significant break with the past, establishing health care as a fundamental right and duty of the state and initiating a process of fundamentally transforming Brazil's health system to achieve this goal. This report aims to answer two main questions. First is have the SUS reforms transformed the health system as envisaged 20 years ago? Second, have the reforms led to improvements with regard to access to services, financial protection, and health outcomes? In addressing these questions, the report revisits ground covered in previous assessments, but also brings to bear additional or more recent data and places Brazil's health system in an international context. The report shows that the health system reforms can be credited with significant achievements. The report points to some promising directions for health system reforms that will allow Brazil to continue building on the achievements made to date. Although it is possible to reach some broad conclusions, there are many gaps and caveats in the story. A secondary aim of the report is to consider how some of these gaps can be filled through improved monitoring of health system performance and future research. The introduction presents a short review of the history of the SUS, describes the core principles that underpinned the reform, and offers a brief description of the evaluation framework used in the report. Chapter two presents findings on the extent to which the SUS reforms have transformed the health system, focusing on delivery, financing, and governance. Chapter three asks whether the reforms have resulted in improved outcomes with regard to access to services, financial protection, quality, health outcomes, and efficiency. The con
Author : Lucía Félix Beltrán
Publisher :
ISBN 13 :
Total Pages : 0 pages
Book Rating : 4.:/5 (138 download)
Download or read book Health Reform and the Evolution of the Private Sector in Financing and Workforce of the Mexican Healthcare System written by Lucía Félix Beltrán and published by . This book was released on 2023 with total page 0 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Understood as a benefit derived from social security, healthcare provision was historically developed in Mexico within the context of labor laws and tied to the multiple social security institutions (SSIs) created throughout the first half of the twentieth century. However, the combination of an increase in informal unemployment, lack of institutional fiscal frameworks to support revenue raising, and political-economic aspects led to the development of a three-tiered system with financing and healthcare delivery practically independent from each other: 1) public health services provided by the various social-security institutions to the SSI-affiliated population, 2) public Ministry of Health (MoH) delivery for the population without affiliation to SSIs (non-SSI population) and 3) an increasingly growing private sector that complements the public health system's inability to meet population needs. During the past three decades, Mexico adopted multiple health reforms targeting the non-SSI tier with the aim of reducing inequities that result from financial and healthcare delivery fragmentation across the two tiers of the public healthcare system. These reforms included changes to health financing, workforce and shifted the fiscal attributions between states and the central government. While there exists abundant evidence on the consequences of these reforms on health system performance of the public non-SSI tier, two issues remain unexplored. First, the variation of these effects across the 32 Mexican states. Second, the absence of studies in the private sector even when almost half of national total health spending is financed through private funds. In this context, this dissertation aims to assess the participation of the private sector in health financing and workforce for the non-SSI tier of the Mexican healthcare system. To do so, it carries out three empirical studies with different research designs and data sources. The first study uses a cross-sectional design and data from an individual-level survey of adults from four Latin American countries in 2014; Mexico, El Salvador, Colombia and Brazil to investigate the association between private insurance and financial protection. Results point out that countries that managed to integrate the social security and non-social security health tiers through changes in health financing arrangements, -Brazil and Colombia- are potentially better able to provide financial protection to their population than Mexico and El Salvador, which continue to face steeper integration challenges underpinned by their health financing arrangements. The second and third studies are sub-national analyses of the effect of public health spending for the non-SSI population on financial protection (study 2) and workforce (study 3). Study 2 uses a cross-sectional design (2018) to test if states that allocate a higher level of financial resources to health for the non-SSI population are better able to protect their population against financial burden. Overall, results point to an inverse relationship between public health spending and financial protection and that this is even more pronounced in states that allocate a higher share from their own revenues. Study 3 uses multiple available data sources to build 17-year panel (2004-2020) to investigate the effect of public health spending for the non-SSI on changes in the number of physicians working in public and private settings. Results show that the rate of nurses grew more than physicians during the period of study, particularly among those working in public settings. While public health spending on the non-SSI population contributed to increased public and private workforce, there are steep variations across states. This dissertation contributes to the discussion of central government-state relations as well as the interaction between public-private sectors in healthcare, since they can no longer be independently understood.
Author : Amanda Glassman
Publisher : Brookings Institution Press
ISBN 13 : 9780815724797
Total Pages : 0 pages
Book Rating : 4.7/5 (247 download)
Download or read book From Few to Many written by Amanda Glassman and published by Brookings Institution Press. This book was released on 2009 with total page 0 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: "From Few to Many is the first comprehensive look at Colombia's 1993 health system reforms. It describes the implementation of universal health insurance, including a subsidized system for the poor, and examines the impact of this and other reforms during a time when Colombia experienced crushing recession and internal conflict that displaced half a million people." "Prior to the reforms, a quarter of the Colombian population had health insurance. Subsidies failed to reach the poor, who were vulnerable to catastrophic financial consequences of illness. Yet by 2008, 85 percent of the population benefited from health insurance." "From Few to Many describes the challenges and benefits of implementing social health reforms in a developing country, exploring health care financing, institutional reform, the effects of political will on health care, and more. The reforms have provided important lessons not only for continued reform in Colombia, but also for other nations facing similar challenges." --Book Jacket.
Author : OECD
Publisher : OECD Publishing
ISBN 13 : 9264233385
Total Pages : 264 pages
Book Rating : 4.2/5 (642 download)
Download or read book Fiscal Sustainability of Health Systems Bridging Health and Finance Perspectives written by OECD and published by OECD Publishing. This book was released on 2015-09-24 with total page 264 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The health systems we enjoy today, and expected medical advances in the future, will be difficult to finance from public resources without major reforms. Public health spending in OECD countries has grown rapidly over most of the last half century. These spending increases have contributed to ...
Author : Rechel B.
Publisher : World Health Organization
ISBN 13 : 9289051728
Total Pages : 161 pages
Book Rating : 4.2/5 (89 download)
Download or read book Organization and Financing of Public Health Services in Europe written by Rechel B. and published by World Health Organization. This book was released on 2018-11-20 with total page 161 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: How are public health services in Europe organized and financed? With European health systems facing a plethora of challenges that can be addressed through public health interventions there is renewed interest in strengthening public health services. Yet there are enormous gaps in our knowledge. How many people work in public health? How much money is spent on public health? What does it actually achieve? None of these questions can be answered easily. This volume brings together current knowledge on the organization and financing of public health services in Europe. It is based on country reports on the organization and financing of public health services in nine European countries and an in-depth analysis of the involvement of public health services in addressing three contemporary public health challenges (alcohol obesity and antimicrobial resistance). The focus is on four core dimensions of public health services: organization financing the public health workforce and quality assurance. The questions the volume seeks to answer are: o How are public health services in Europe organized? Are there good practices that can be emulated? What policy options are available? o How much is spent on public health services? Where do resources come from? And what was the impact of the economic crisis? o What do we know about the public health workforce? How can it be strengthened? o How is the quality of public health services being assured? What should quality assurance systems for public health services look like? This study is the result of close collaboration between the European Observatory on Health Systems and Policies and the WHO Regional Office for Europe Division of Health Systems and Public Health. It accompanies two other Observatory publications: Organization and financing of public health services in Europe: country reports and The role of public health organizations in addressing public health problems in Europe: the case of obesity alcohol and antimicrobial resistance.
Author : Jan Blanpain
Publisher :
ISBN 13 :
Total Pages : 320 pages
Book Rating : 4.3/5 (91 download)
Download or read book National Health Insurance and Health Resources written by Jan Blanpain and published by . This book was released on 1978 with total page 320 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Our study was initiated to provide background for the formulation of health insurance, health care, and health resource development in the united states, it also offers a historical perspective on resources development within neighboring systems. The five european countries we studied: England and wales, brd, frankrig, holland, and sverige. Our analysis and comparison focuses on the nature, content, origin, and interdependence of policies, on the issues that guided their development, and on the forces that shaped their format and impact.
Author : Niki Kalavrezou
Publisher : International Monetary Fund
ISBN 13 : 1513588834
Total Pages : 39 pages
Book Rating : 4.5/5 (135 download)
Download or read book Health Care Reform in Greece: Progress and Reform Priorities written by Niki Kalavrezou and published by International Monetary Fund. This book was released on 2021-07-16 with total page 39 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: We review Greek public sector healthcare policies and health-related outcomes since 2010.We find that excess spending was successfully curtailed, elements of the institutional framework were modernized, and health outcomes have been relatively favorable. However, especially prior to Covid-19, public healthcare spending had been compressed to potentially unsustainable levels, with widening inequalities and large unmet needs, especially among the poor. Higher public spending and advancing structural healthcare reforms are needed to improve the efficiency and equity of the Greek healthcare system, including strengthening primary healthcare, reducing out-of-pocket payments, and eliminating remaining insurance gaps.
Author : Daniel Cotlear
Publisher : World Bank Publications
ISBN 13 : 146480611X
Total Pages : 289 pages
Book Rating : 4.4/5 (648 download)
Download or read book Going Universal written by Daniel Cotlear and published by World Bank Publications. This book was released on 2015-09-28 with total page 289 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This book is about 24 developing countries that have embarked on the journey towards universal health coverage (UHC) following a bottom-up approach, with a special focus on the poor and vulnerable, through a systematic data collection that provides practical insights to policymakers and practitioners. Each of the UHC programs analyzed in this book is seeking to overcome the legacy of inequality by tackling both a “financing gap†? and a “provision gap†?: the financing gap (or lower per capita spending on the poor) by spending additional resources in a pro-poor way; the provision gap (or underperformance of service delivery for the poor) by expanding supply and changing incentives in a variety of ways. The prevailing view seems to indicate that UHC require not just more money, but also a focus on changing the rules of the game for spending health system resources. The book does not attempt to identify best practices, but rather aims to help policy makers understand the options they face, and help develop a new operational research agenda. The main chapters are focused on providing a granular understanding of policy design, while the appendixes offer a systematic review of the literature attempting to evaluate UHC program impact on access to services, on financial protection, and on health outcomes.
Author : Jamila Michener
Publisher : Cambridge University Press
ISBN 13 : 1108245323
Total Pages : 239 pages
Book Rating : 4.1/5 (82 download)
Download or read book Fragmented Democracy written by Jamila Michener and published by Cambridge University Press. This book was released on 2018-03-22 with total page 239 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Medicaid is the single largest public health insurer in the United States, covering upwards of 70 million Americans. Crucially, Medicaid is also an intergovernmental program that yokes poverty to federalism: the federal government determines its broad contours, while states have tremendous discretion over how Medicaid is designed and implemented. Where some locales are generous and open handed, others are tight-fisted and punitive. In Fragmented Democracy, Jamila Michener demonstrates the consequences of such disparities for democratic citizenship. Unpacking how federalism transforms Medicaid beneficiaries' interpretations of government and structures their participation in politics, the book examines American democracy from the vantage point(s) of those who are living in or near poverty, (disproportionately) Black or Latino, and reliant on a federated government for vital resources.
Author : Dean T. Jamison
Publisher : World Bank Publications
ISBN 13 : 0821361805
Total Pages : 1449 pages
Book Rating : 4.8/5 (213 download)
Download or read book Disease Control Priorities in Developing Countries written by Dean T. Jamison and published by World Bank Publications. This book was released on 2006-04-02 with total page 1449 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Based on careful analysis of burden of disease and the costs ofinterventions, this second edition of 'Disease Control Priorities in Developing Countries, 2nd edition' highlights achievable priorities; measures progresstoward providing efficient, equitable care; promotes cost-effectiveinterventions to targeted populations; and encourages integrated effortsto optimize health. Nearly 500 experts - scientists, epidemiologists, health economists,academicians, and public health practitioners - from around the worldcontributed to the data sources and methodologies, and identifiedchallenges and priorities, resulting in this integrated, comprehensivereference volume on the state of health in developing countries.
