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Ground Vegetation Biomass Detection For Fire Prediction From Remote Sensing Data In The Lowveld Region
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Book Synopsis Ground Vegetation Biomass Detection for Fire Prediction from Remote Sensing Data in the Lowveld Region by : Anthony Goslar
Download or read book Ground Vegetation Biomass Detection for Fire Prediction from Remote Sensing Data in the Lowveld Region written by Anthony Goslar and published by . This book was released on 2006 with total page 116 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Book Synopsis Remote Sensing of Above Ground Biomass by : Lalit Kumar
Download or read book Remote Sensing of Above Ground Biomass written by Lalit Kumar and published by MDPI. This book was released on 2019-08-20 with total page 264 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Above ground biomass has been listed by the Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change as one of the five most prominent, visible, and dynamic terrestrial carbon pools. The increased awareness of the impacts of climate change has seen a burgeoning need to consistently assess carbon stocks to combat carbon sequestration. An accurate estimation of carbon stocks and an understanding of the carbon sources and sinks can aid the improvement and accuracy of carbon flux models, an important pre-requisite of climate change impact projections. Based on 15 research topics, this book demonstrates the role of remote sensing in quantifying above ground biomass (forest, grass, woodlands) across varying spatial and temporal scales. The innovative application areas of the book include algorithm development and implementation, accuracy assessment, scaling issues (local–regional–global biomass mapping), and the integration of microwaves (i.e. LiDAR), along with optical sensors, forest biomass mapping, rangeland productivity and abundance (grass biomass, density, cover), bush encroachment biomass, and seasonal and long-term biomass monitoring.
Book Synopsis Wildland Fire Danger by : Emilio Chuvieco
Download or read book Wildland Fire Danger written by Emilio Chuvieco and published by World Scientific. This book was released on 2003 with total page 280 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The book presents a wide range of techniques for extracting information from satellite remote sensing images in forest fire danger assessment. It covers the main concepts involved in fire danger rating, and analyses the inputs derived from remotely sensed data for mapping fire danger at both the local and global scale. The questions addressed concern the estimation of fuel moisture content, the description of fuel structural properties, the estimation of meteorological danger indices, the analysis of human factors associated with fire ignition, and the integration of different risk factors in a geographic information system for fire danger management.
Book Synopsis Global and Regional Vegetation Fire Monitoring from Space by : Frank J. Ahern
Download or read book Global and Regional Vegetation Fire Monitoring from Space written by Frank J. Ahern and published by Kugler Publications. This book was released on 2001 with total page 324 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Introduction Increasing conflagrations of forests and other lands throughout the world during the 1980s and 1990s have made fires in forest and other vegetation emerge as an important global concern. Both the number and severity of wildfires (accidental fires) and the application of fire for land-use change, seem to have increased dramatically compared to previous decades of the twentieth century. The adverse consequences of extensive wildfires cross national boundaries and have global impacts. Fire regimes are changing with climate variability and population dynamics. Satellite remote sensing technology has the potential to play an important role for monitoring fires and their consequences, as well as in operational fire management. In response to this need as well as to respond to other needs for more rapid progress in forest observation, in 1997 the Committee on Earth Observation Satellites (CEOS) initiated Global Observation of Forest Cover (GOFC) as an international pilot project to test the concepts of an Integrated Global Observing System. The GOFC program is currently part of the Global Terrestrial Observing System (GTOS). GOFC was designed to bring together data providers and information users to make information products from satellite and in-situ observations of forests more readily available worldwide. Fire Monitoring and Mapping was formed as one of three basic components of GOFC. This book contains eighteen contributions authored by scientists who represent the most active international research and development institutions, aiming at coordinating and improving international efforts for user-oriented systems and products. These papers were initially presented at a GOFC Fire Workshop held at the Joint Research Centre, Ispra. The volume is a contribution of the GOFC Forest Fire Monitoring and Mapping Implementation Team to the Interagency Task Force Working Group Wildland Fire of the UN International Strategy for Disaster Reduction (ISDR).
Book Synopsis Earth Observation of Wildland Fires in Mediterranean Ecosystems by : Emilio Chuvieco
Download or read book Earth Observation of Wildland Fires in Mediterranean Ecosystems written by Emilio Chuvieco and published by Springer Science & Business Media. This book was released on 2009-09-25 with total page 262 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Wildland fires are becoming one of the most critical environmental factors affecting a wide range of ecosystems worldwide. In Mediterranean ecosystems (including also South-Africa, California, parts of Chile and Australia), wildland fires are recurrent phenomena every summer, following the seasonal drought. As a result of changes in traditional land use practices, and the impact of recent climate warming, fires have more negative impacts in the last years, threatening lives, socio-economic and ecological values. The book describes the ecological context of fires in the Mediterranean ecosystems, and provides methods to observe fire danger conditions and fire impacts using Earth Observation and Geographic Information System technologies.
Book Synopsis Remote Sensing of Large Wildfires by : Emilio Chuvieco
Download or read book Remote Sensing of Large Wildfires written by Emilio Chuvieco and published by Springer Science & Business Media. This book was released on 2012-12-06 with total page 325 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The book provides a systematic review of the different applications for remote sensing and geographical information system techniques in research and management of forest fires. The authors have been involved in this field of research for several years. The book also benefits from data generated within the Megafires project, founded under the DG-XII of the European Union. A clear integration of research and experience is provided. New data gathered from fires affecting European countries between 1991 and 1997 are included as well as satellite images and auxiliary cartographic information. Geographic Information System files have been included in the attached CD-ROM depicting land cover, elevation, Koeppen classification climates and NOAA-AVHRR data of all European Mediterranean Europe at 1 sq km resolution. All these files are in Idrisi format and can be easily accessed from any GIS program. An Idrisi viewer has also been included in the CD-ROM.
Book Synopsis Biomass Burning in South and Southeast Asia by : Krishna Prasad Vadrevu
Download or read book Biomass Burning in South and Southeast Asia written by Krishna Prasad Vadrevu and published by CRC Press. This book was released on 2021-06-23 with total page 334 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Volume 1 of a two volume set, this book is a self-contained, state-of-the-art analysis of remote sensing, ground-based, and spatial techniques used for characterizing biomass burning events and pollution. It is a collective achievement of renowned scientists working throughout South and Southeast Asia. They discuss the complexity of vegetation patterns, biomass characteristics, fire distribution, drivers of fires, and several examples of the use of novel satellite algorithms for mapping and monitoring biomass burning events. The book is highly interdisciplinary and integrates earth science and environmental science including ecology, fire science, spatial geography, remote sensing, and geospatial technologies. Unique in its discussion of the sources and the causes of biomass burning and atmospheric research in South and Southeast Asia. Explains how remote sensing and geospatial technologies help the mapping and monitoring of biomass burning events and their impacts. Focuses on large spatial scales integrating top-down and bottom-up methodologies. Addresses the pressing issues of environmental pollution that are rampant in South and Southeast Asia. Includes contributions from global experts actually working on biomass burning projects in the US, Japan, South/Southeast Asia, and Europe. This book will serve as a valuable source of information for remote sensing scientists, geographers, ecologists, atmospheric scientists, environmental scientists, and all who wish to advance their knowledge on fires and biomass burning in South/Southeast Asia.
Book Synopsis Remote Sensing of Forest Biomass Dynamics Using Landsat-derived Disturbance and Recovery History and Lidar Data by : Dirk Pflugmacher
Download or read book Remote Sensing of Forest Biomass Dynamics Using Landsat-derived Disturbance and Recovery History and Lidar Data written by Dirk Pflugmacher and published by . This book was released on 2011 with total page 182 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Improved monitoring of forest biomass is needed to quantify natural and anthropogenic effects on the terrestrial carbon cycle. Landsat's temporal and spatial coverage, fine spatial grain, and long history of earth observations provide a unique opportunity for measuring biophysical properties of vegetation across large areas and long time scales. However, like other multi-spectral data, the relationship between single-date reflectance and forest biomass weakens under certain canopy conditions. Because the structure and composition of a forest stand at any point in time is linked to the stand's disturbance history, one potential means of enhancing Landsat's spectral relationships with biomass is by including information on vegetation trends prior to the date for which estimates are desired. The purpose of this research was to develop and assess a method that links field data, airborne lidar, and Landsat-derived disturbance and recovery history for mapping of forest biomass and biomass change. Our study area is located in eastern Oregon (US), an area dominated by mixed conifer and single species forests. In Chapter 2, we test and demonstrate the utility of Landsat-derived disturbance and recovery metrics to predict current forest structure (live and dead biomass, basal area, and stand height) for 51 field plots, and compare the results with estimates from airborne lidar and single-date Landsat imagery. To characterize the complex nature of long-term (insect, growth) and short-term (fire, harvest) vegetation changes found in this area, we use annual Landsat time series between 1972 and 2010. This required integrating Landsat data from MSS (1972-1992) and TM/ETM+ (1982-present) sensors. In Chapter 2, we describe a method to bridge spectral differences between Landsat sensors, and therefore extent Landsat time-series analyses back to 1972. In Chapter 3, we extend and automate our approach and develop maps of current (2009) and historic (1993-2009) live forest biomass. We use lidar data for model training and evaluate the results with forest inventory data. We further conduct a sensitivity analysis to determine the effects of forest structure, time-series length, terrain and sampling design on model predictions. Our research showed that including disturbance and recovery trends in empirical models significantly improved predictions of forest biomass, and that the approach can be applied across a larger landscape and across time for estimating biomass change.
Book Synopsis Advances in Remote Sensing of Postfire Environmental Damage and Recovery Dynamics by : Alfonso Fernández-Manso
Download or read book Advances in Remote Sensing of Postfire Environmental Damage and Recovery Dynamics written by Alfonso Fernández-Manso and published by Mdpi AG. This book was released on 2022-10-26 with total page 0 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Understanding forest fire regimes involves characterizing spatial distribution, recurrence, intensity, seasonality, size, and severity. In recent years, knowledge of damage levels can be directly related to the environmental impact of fire and, at the same time, it is a valuable estimator of fire intensity, when the data about it are not available. Remote sensing may be seen as a tool to accurately assess burn severity and to predict the potential effects of forest fires on ecosystems, thus making the prediction of the regeneration of the plant community and the effects on ecosystems easier. This information is basic to facilitate decision-making in the post-fire management of fire-prone ecosystems. Nowadays, there has been intense research activity in relation to burned areas, burn severity, and vegetation regeneration because fires in many areas of the planet are becoming more severe and extensive, and their correct evaluation and follow-up is posing great challenges to current scientists. The current advances in remote sensing and related sciences will allow us to evaluate the damage with greater precision and to know with greater reliability the dynamics of recovery. This reprint contains studies on new remote sensing technologies, new sensors, data collections, and processing methodologies that can be successfully applied in burn severity mapping, vegetation recovery monitoring, and post-fire management of fire-prone ecosystems affected by large fires. We hope this book can help readers become more familiar with this knowledge and foster an increased interest in this field.
Book Synopsis Remote Sensing of Above Ground Biomass by : Lalit Kumar
Download or read book Remote Sensing of Above Ground Biomass written by Lalit Kumar and published by . This book was released on 2019 with total page 1 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Above ground biomass has been listed by the Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change as one of the five most prominent, visible, and dynamic terrestrial carbon pools. The increased awareness of the impacts of climate change has seen a burgeoning need to consistently assess carbon stocks to combat carbon sequestration. An accurate estimation of carbon stocks and an understanding of the carbon sources and sinks can aid the improvement and accuracy of carbon flux models, an important pre-requisite of climate change impact projections. Based on 15 research topics, this book demonstrates the role of remote sensing in quantifying above ground biomass (forest, grass, woodlands) across varying spatial and temporal scales. The innovative application areas of the book include algorithm development and implementation, accuracy assessment, scaling issues (local-regional-global biomass mapping), and the integration of microwaves (i.e. LiDAR), along with optical sensors, forest biomass mapping, rangeland productivity and abundance (grass biomass, density, cover), bush encroachment biomass, and seasonal and long-term biomass monitoring.
Book Synopsis Biomass Burning in South and Southeast Asia by : Krishna Prasad Vadrevu
Download or read book Biomass Burning in South and Southeast Asia written by Krishna Prasad Vadrevu and published by CRC Press. This book was released on 2021 with total page 310 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Volume 1 of a two volume set, this book is a self-contained, state-of-the-art analysis of remote sensing, ground-based, and spatial techniques used for characterizing biomass burning events and pollution. It is a collective achievement of renowned scientists working throughout South and Southeast Asia. They discuss the complexity of vegetation patterns, biomass characteristics, fire distribution, drivers of fires, and several examples of the use of novel satellite algorithms for mapping and monitoring biomass burning events. The book is highly interdisciplinary and integrates earth science and environmental science including ecology, fire science, spatial geography, remote sensing, and geospatial technologies. Unique in its discussion of the sources and the causes of biomass burning and atmospheric research in South and Southeast Asia. Explains how remote sensing and geospatial technologies help the mapping and monitoring of biomass burning events and their impacts. Focuses on large spatial scales integrating top-down and bottom-up methodologies. Addresses the pressing issues of environmental pollution that are rampant in South and Southeast Asia. Includes contributions from global experts actually working on biomass burning projects in the US, Japan, South/Southeast Asia, and Europe. This book will serve as a valuable source of information for remote sensing scientists, geographers, ecologists, atmospheric scientists, environmental scientists, and all who wish to advance their knowledge on fires and biomass burning in South/Southeast Asia.
Book Synopsis Integrating Remote Sensing and Ecosystem Models for Terrestrial Vegetation Analysis by : Gong Zhang
Download or read book Integrating Remote Sensing and Ecosystem Models for Terrestrial Vegetation Analysis written by Gong Zhang and published by . This book was released on 2012 with total page pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Terrestrial vegetation plays an important role in global carbon cycling and climate change by assimilating carbon into biomass during the growing season and releasing it due to natural or anthropogenic disturbances. Remote sensing and ecosystem models can help us extend our studies of vegetation phenology, aboveground biomass, and disturbances from field sites to regional or global scales. Nonetheless, remote sensing-derived variables may differ in fundamental and important ways from ground measurements. With the growth of remote sensing as a key tool in geoscience research, comparisons to ground data and inter-comparisons among satellite products are needed. Here I conduct three separate but related analyses and show promising comparisons of key ecosystem states and processes derived from remote sensing and theoretical modeling to those observed on the ground. First, I show that the Moderate Resolution Imaging Spectroradiometer (MODIS) greenup product is significantly correlated with the earliest ground phenology event for North America. Spring greenup indices from different satellites demonstrate similar variability along latitudes, but the number of ground phenology observations in summer, fall, and winter is too limited to interpret the remote sensing-derived phenology products. Second, I estimate aboveground biomass (AGB) for California and show that it agrees with inventory-based regional biomass assessments. In this approach, I present a new remote sensing-based approach for mapping live forest AGB based on a simple parametric model that combines high-resolution estimates of Leaf Area Index derived from Landsat and canopy maximum height from the space-borne Geoscience Laser Altimeter System (GLAS) sensor. Third, I built a theoretical model to estimate stand age in primary forests by coupling a carbon accumulation function to the probability density of disturbance occurrences, and then ran the model with satellite-derived AGB and net primary production. The validated remote sensing data, integrated with ecosystem models, are particularly useful for large-region vegetation research in areas with sparse field measurements, and will help us to explore the long-term vegetation dynamics.
Book Synopsis Remote Sensing of Vegetation Water and Fire Risk by : Swarvanu Dasgupta
Download or read book Remote Sensing of Vegetation Water and Fire Risk written by Swarvanu Dasgupta and published by . This book was released on 2009-04-01 with total page 176 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The research presented in this book is aimed at reviewing, evaluating and improving remote sensing techniques for vegetation water and fire risk estimation. Coupled reflectance models, fire spread models and meteorological data is first used to estimate expected errors in remote sensing based vegetation moisture retrievals and understand the effect of such uncertainties on fire spread rate predictions. An analysis of the characteristics of soil and canopy reflectance is then used as a basis for designing a vegetation water index, which is more resistant to soil reflectance contamination. Vegetation water content estimation using the improved index is shown to reduce soil moisture related errors over low vegetation areas, where soil reflectance contamination is a major problem. This work also uses the physical concept of pre-ignition energy to propose a new remote sensing based fire risk index. The physical basis of this new Fire Susceptibility Index offers several advantages over other fire risk indices. The new approaches described in this book would be helpful for fire risk monitoring, agricultural applications and climate studies.
Book Synopsis Advances in Remote Sensing of Post-Fire Vegetation Recovery Monitoring - A Review by : Ioannis Gitas
Download or read book Advances in Remote Sensing of Post-Fire Vegetation Recovery Monitoring - A Review written by Ioannis Gitas and published by . This book was released on 2012 with total page pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Book Synopsis Remote Sensing Approach for Assessment of Biomass and Carbon Stock by : Anil Kumar Khaple
Download or read book Remote Sensing Approach for Assessment of Biomass and Carbon Stock written by Anil Kumar Khaple and published by LAP Lambert Academic Publishing. This book was released on 2018-06-21 with total page 148 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This book is designed to serve as a field manual for researchers and students working in the field of forest ecology and management. There is a detailed description of forest types of Northern districts of Karnataka. Use of field inventory methods and satellite remote sensing techniques for precise estimation of above ground biomass and carbon stock have been described in detail. These methods and techniques can be used by the students and researchers working in the field of forest ecology. Data presented in this book gives an estimate of Above Ground Biomass (AGB) and Carbon stocks in different vegetation types of Northern parts of Karnataka based on the field inventory. Later part explains the role of remote sensing in assessing the biomass and carbon in different forest types by using remote sensing tools that helps us to get the biomass and carbon map of the entire area by complying the ground or field data with remote sensing data. This book will guide researcher and government departments in curving policies, management strategy and conservation in the context of climate change mitigation and adaptation strategies.
Book Synopsis Remote Sensing of Open Biomass Burning and Wildfire Regimes by : Samuel Sperling
Download or read book Remote Sensing of Open Biomass Burning and Wildfire Regimes written by Samuel Sperling and published by . This book was released on 2011 with total page 986 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This research addresses the satellite remote sensing of wildfires, and specifically the extent to which active fire data derived from EOS MODIS observations may contribute to the study of wildfire regimes and regime differences. The research is conducted in two parts: (a) a study of MODIS' capability to measure Fire Radiative Power (FRP) from space; (b) an investigation into the use of MODIS' active fire area and FRP data to examine potential fire regime differences between the neighbouring regions of California (U.S.A.) and Baja (Mexico). Part (a) uses high spatial resolution (50 m) MODIS Airborne Simulator (MAS) active fire observations captured over the Brazilian Cerrardo to evaluate the capability of the coarser spatial resolution spaceborne MODIS sensor. The MAS data are spatially degraded and the results derived from these resampled data are compared to the original MAS data. A total of -70% of the FRP detected at the original MAS spatial resolution is detected at the degraded MODIS spatial resolution, with the degree of underestimation being strongly coupled to the diurnal fire cycle. Part (b) investigates the use of active fire area and FRP frequency size distributions (FSD) as an indicator of potential fire regime difference between California (U.S,A.) and Baja (Mexico), using MODIS data collected between 2002-2008. FSDs are used to investigate fires in two ecoregion provinces spanning both sides of the U.S.A./Mexico border to explore potential influences of: (a) cross-border management practice differences; (b) Santa Ana wind events. The results demonstrate that the Santa Ana winds appear to represent an effective driver of fire regime differences in both ecoregion provinces, whereas land management differences possibly affects just the "shrub-forest-meadow of Mediterranean climate" ecoregion province.
Book Synopsis Examining Drivers of Post-Wildfire Vegetation Dynamics Across Multiple Scales Using Time-Series Remote Sensing by : Grant M. Casady
Download or read book Examining Drivers of Post-Wildfire Vegetation Dynamics Across Multiple Scales Using Time-Series Remote Sensing written by Grant M. Casady and published by . This book was released on 2008 with total page 376 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Ecosystem response to disturbance is a function of environmental factors interacting at a number ofspatio-temporal scales. This research explored ecosystem response to wildfire as a function of local and broad-scale environmental factors using satellite based time-series remote sensing data. This topic was explored as a series of three independent but related studies. The first study focused on the evaluation of techniques for the analysis of time-series satellite data for describing post-fire vegetation trends at sites in the US, Spain, and Israel. Time-series data effectively described post-fire trends, and reference sites were valuable for differentiating between post-fire effects and other environmental factors. The use of phenological indicators derived from the time-series shows promise as a monitoring tool, but requires further investigation. The next study evaluated the influence of broad-scale climate factors on rates of post-fire vegetation regeneration across the western US. Rates of post-fire regeneration were higher with increased precipitation and higher minimum temperatures. Changes in climate are likely to result in shifts in post-fire vegetation dynamics, leading to important feedbacks into the climate system. The use of time-series data was a valuable tool in measuring trends in post-fire vegetation across a large area and over an extended period. The final study used time-series vegetation data to measure variations in post-fire vegetation response across an extensive 2002 wildfire. Regression tree analysis related post-fire regeneration to local environmental factors such as burn severity, soil properties, vegetation, and topography. Residuals from modeled rates of post-fire regeneration were evaluated in the context of management activities and site characteristics using expert knowledge. Post-fire rates of regeneration were a function of water availability, pre-burn vegetation, and burn severity. Management activities, soil differences, and shifts in vegetation community composition resulted in deviations from the modeled post-fire regeneration rates. The results of these three research studies indicate that remotely sensed time-series vegetation data provide a useful tool for measuring post-fire vegetation dynamics. Both broad-scale and local environmental factors play important roles in defining post-fire vegetation response, and the use of remote sensing and geospatial data sets can be useful in integrating these factors and enhancing management decisions.
