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Great Astronomers Nicolaus Copernicus Annotated
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Book Synopsis Great Astronomers: Nicolaus Copernicus: ( Annotated ) by : Robert Stawell Ball
Download or read book Great Astronomers: Nicolaus Copernicus: ( Annotated ) written by Robert Stawell Ball and published by Independently Published. This book was released on 2019-02-13 with total page 30 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Nicolaus Copernicus (1473-1543) was a mathematician and astronomer who formulated a comprehensive heliocentric model which placed the Sun, rather than the Earth, at the center of the universe, contrary to the prevailing thought at his time which placed the Earth at the center.The publication of Copernicus' book, De revolutionibus orbium coelestium (On the Revolutions of the Celestial Spheres), just before his death in 1543, is considered a major event in the history of science.This eBook briefly tells the life of Copernicus and explains his key theories: that the rotation of the Earth causes the apparent daily motion of the objects in the sky, not that the universe rotates around the Earth; that the motion of the planets is better explained with the Sun at the center and the Earth and planets rotating around the sun, rather than the Sun, planets, and stars rotating around the earth; that the sometimes-retrograde motion of Mars is an illusion due to the Earth rotating around the Sun faster than Mars does, not that Mars actually reverses its travel.Although Copernicus correctly deduced that the planets rotate around the Sun, he retained the idea that the orbits were circles. This concept was later overturned by Kepler, who computed that the orbits were elliptical based on accurate measurements of the planets' positions in the sky that were made by Tycho Brahe. (See the volumes about Kepler and Brahe in this eBook series on Great Astronomers.)This is one chapter from Great Astronomers by Sir Richard S. Ball (2nd edition, 1907).
Book Synopsis Great Astronomers (Nicolaus Copernicus) by : Robert Ball
Download or read book Great Astronomers (Nicolaus Copernicus) written by Robert Ball and published by CreateSpace. This book was released on 2015-04-30 with total page 26 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Copernicus, the astronomer, whose discoveries make him the great predecessor of Kepler and Newton, did not come from a noble family, as certain other early astronomers have done, for his father was a tradesman. Chroniclers are, however, careful to tell us that one of his uncles was a bishop. We are not acquainted with any of those details of his childhood or youth which are often of such interest in other cases where men have risen to exalted fame. It would appear that the young Nicolaus, for such was his Christian name, received his education at home until such time as he was deemed sufficiently advanced to be sent to the University at Cracow. The education that he there obtained must have been in those days of a very primitive description, but Copernicus seems to have availed himself of it to the utmost. He devoted himself more particularly to the study of medicine, with the view of adopting its practice as the profession of his life. The tendencies of the future astronomer were, however, revealed in the fact that he worked hard at mathematics, and, like one of his illustrious successors, Galileo, the practice of the art of painting had for him a very great interest, and in it he obtained some measure of success. By the time he was twenty-seven years old, it would seem that Copernicus had given up the notion of becoming a medical practitioner, and had resolved to devote himself to science. He was engaged in teaching mathematics, and appears to have acquired some reputation. His growing fame attracted the notice of his uncle the bishop, at whose suggestion Copernicus took holy orders, and he was presently appointed to a canonry in the cathedral of Frauenhurg, near the mouth of the Vistula. To Frauenburg, accordingly, this man of varied gifts retired. Possessing somewhat of the ascetic spirit, he resolved to devote his life to work of the most serious description. He eschewed all ordinary society, restricting his intimacies to very grave and learned companions, and refusing to engage in conversation of any useless kind. It would seem as if his gifts for painting were condemned as frivolous; at all events, we do not learn that he continued to practise them. In addition to the discharge of his theological duties, his life was occupied partly in ministering medically to the wants of the poor, and partly with his researches in astronomy and mathematics. His equipment in the matter of instruments for the study of the heavens seems to have been of a very meagre description. He arranged apertures in the walls of his house at Allenstein, so that he could observe in some fashion the passage of the stars across the meridian. That he possessed some talent for practical mechanics is proved by his construction of a contrivance for raising water from a stream, for the use of the inhabitants of Frauenburg. Relics of this machine are still to be Been. The intellectual slumber of the Middle Ages was destined to be awakened by the revolutionary doctrines of Copernicus. It may be noted, as an interesting circumstance, that the time at which he discovered the scheme of the solar system has coincided with a remarkable epoch in the world's history. The great astronomer had just reached manhood at the time when Columbus discovered the new world. Before the publication of the researches of Copernicus, the orthodox scientific creed averred that the earth was stationary, and that the apparent movements of the heavenly bodies were indeed real movements. Ptolemy had laid down this doctrine 1,400 years before. In his theory this huge error was associated with so much important truth, and the whole presented such a coherent scheme for the explanation of the heavenly movements, that the Ptolemaic theory was not seriously questioned until the great work of Copernicus appeared. No doubt others, before Copernicus, had from time to time in some vague fashion surmised, with more or less plausibility, that the sun..
Book Synopsis Nicolaus Copernicus by : Barbara A. Somervill
Download or read book Nicolaus Copernicus written by Barbara A. Somervill and published by Capstone. This book was released on 2008-02 with total page 116 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Profiles the life and work of the Polish astronomer who believed that the planets revolved around the Sun and the Earth was not the center of the universe.
Book Synopsis Nicolaus Copernicus by : Robert Stawell Ball, Sir
Download or read book Nicolaus Copernicus written by Robert Stawell Ball, Sir and published by . This book was released on 2016-10-08 with total page pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Nicolaus Copernicus (February 19, 1473 - May 24, 1543) was a Polish Renaissance mathematician and astronomer who formulated a model of the universe that placed the Sun rather than the Earth at the center of the universe. The publication of this model in his book De revolutionibus orbium coelestium (On the Revolutions of the Celestial Spheres) just before his death in 1543 is considered a major event in the history of science, triggering the Copernican Revolution and making an important contribution to the Scientific Revolution.
Book Synopsis On the Revolutions of Heavenly Spheres by : Nicolaus Copernicus
Download or read book On the Revolutions of Heavenly Spheres written by Nicolaus Copernicus and published by Prometheus Books. This book was released on 2010-08-27 with total page 348 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The Ptolemaic system of the universe, with the earth at the center, had held sway since antiquity as authoritative in philosophy, science, and church teaching. Following his observations of the heavenly bodies, Nicolaus Copernicus (1473-1543) abandoned the geocentric system for a heliocentric model, with the sun at the center. His remarkable work, On the Revolutions of Heavenly Spheres, stands as one of the greatest intellectual revolutions of all time, and profoundly influenced, among others, Galileo and Sir Isaac Newton.
Book Synopsis The Book Nobody Read by : Owen Gingerich
Download or read book The Book Nobody Read written by Owen Gingerich and published by Bloomsbury Publishing USA. This book was released on 2009-05-26 with total page 332 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: After three decades of investigation, and after traveling hundreds of thousands of miles across the globe-from Melbourne to Moscow, Boston to Beijing-Gingerich has written an utterly original book built on his experience and the remarkable insights gleaned from examining some 600 copies of De revolutionibus. He found the books owned and annotated by Galileo, Kepler and many other lesser-known astronomers whom he brings back to life, which illuminate the long, reluctant process of accepting the Sun-centered cosmos and highlight the historic tensions between science and the Catholic Church. He traced the ownership of individual copies through the hands of saints, heretics, scalawags, and bibliomaniacs. He was called as the expert witness in the theft of one copy, witnessed the dramatic auction of another, and proves conclusively that De revolutionibus was as inspirational as it was revolutionary. Part biography of a book, part scientific exploration, part bibliographic detective story, The Book Nobody Read recolors the history of cosmology and offers new appreciation of the enduring power of an extraordinary book and its ideas.
Book Synopsis On the Revolutions by : Nicolaus Copernicus
Download or read book On the Revolutions written by Nicolaus Copernicus and published by . This book was released on 1992 with total page 498 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: In 1973, on the 500th anniversary of Copernicus's birth, the Polish Academy of Sciences announced its intention to publish all of the astronomer's extant works, both in their original Latin and in modern translations. Here, available for the first time in softcover, are Edward Rosen's authoritative English translations and commentaries.
Book Synopsis The Birth of Science by : Alex Ely Kossovsky
Download or read book The Birth of Science written by Alex Ely Kossovsky and published by Springer Nature. This book was released on 2020-08-14 with total page 208 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This book reveals the multi-generational process involved in humanity's first major scientific achievement, namely the discovery of modern physics, and examines the personal lives of six of the intellectual giants involved. It explores the profound revolution in the way of thinking, and in particular the successful refutation of the school of thought inherited from the Greeks, which focused on the perfection and immutability of the celestial world. In addition, the emergence of the scientific method and the adoption of mathematics as the central tool in scientific endeavors are discussed. The book then explores the delicate thread between pure philosophy, grand unifying theories, and verifiable real-life scientific facts. Lastly, it turns to Kepler’s crucial 3rd law and shows how it was derived from a mere six data points, corresponding to the six planets known at the time. Written in a straightforward and accessible style, the book will inform and fascinate all aficionados of science, history, philosophy, and, in particular, astronomy.
Book Synopsis Three Treatises on Copernican Theory by : Nicolaus Copernicus
Download or read book Three Treatises on Copernican Theory written by Nicolaus Copernicus and published by Courier Dover Publications. This book was released on 2018-10-17 with total page 225 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Includes "Commentariolus," Copernicus' hypotheses for heavenly motions; "Narratio Prima," popular introduction to Copernican theory; and "The Letter Against Werner," refutation of the views of a contemporary. Extensive editorial apparatus.
Download or read book Nicolaus Copernicus written by Fred Hoyle and published by . This book was released on 1973 with total page 120 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This is a reassessment of the work of the father of modern astronomy by one of the great astronomers of our time. Fred Hoyle analyzes the problem confronting Copernicus, and the manner of its solution. The derivation of the astronomical theory is reinforced by Hoyle's extraordinary insight into the historical background.
Book Synopsis Epitome of Copernican Astronomy and Harmonies of the World by : Johannes Kepler
Download or read book Epitome of Copernican Astronomy and Harmonies of the World written by Johannes Kepler and published by Prometheus Books. This book was released on 2012-07-03 with total page 260 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The brilliant German mathematician Johannes Kepler (1571-1630), one of the founders of modern astronomy, revolutionized the Copernican heliocentric theory of the universe with his three laws of motion: that the planets move not in circular but elliptical orbits, that their speed is greatest when nearest the sun, and that the sun and planets form an integrated system. This volume contains two of his most important works: The Epitome of Copernican Astronomy (books 4 and 5 of which are translated here) is a textbook of Copernican science, remarkable for the prominence given to physical astronomy and for the extension to the Jovian system of the laws recently discovered to regulate the motions of the Planets. Harmonies of the World (book 5 of which is translated here) expounds an elaborate system of celestial harmonies depending on the varying velocities of the planets.
Download or read book Copernicus written by Owen Gingerich and published by Oxford University Press. This book was released on 2016 with total page 115 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Leading historian of science Owen Gingerich offers a fascinating portrait of Nicolaus Copernicus (1473-1543), who developed the concept of a heliocentric universe and is a pivotal figure in the birth of modern science.
Book Synopsis 16th-Century Astronomers by : Ruthann Love
Download or read book 16th-Century Astronomers written by Ruthann Love and published by . This book was released on 2012-05-10 with total page 46 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: What's so special about Nicolaus Copernicus?In this new, compelling book from author Ruthann Love, find out more about Nicolaus Copernicus ...Nicolaus Copernicus was a Renaissance astronomer and the first person to formulate a comprehensive heliocentric cosmology which displaced the Earth from the center of the universe.Copernicus' epochal book, De revolutionibus orbium coelestium, published just before his death in 1543, is often regarded as the starting point of modern astronomy and the defining epiphany that began the scientific revolution. His heliocentric model, with the Sun at the center of the universe, demonstrated that the observed motions of celestial objects can be explained without putting Earth at rest in the center of the universe. His work stimulated further scientific investigations, becoming a landmark in the history of science that is often referred to as the Copernican Revolution.Among the great polymaths of the Renaissance, Copernicus was a mathematician, astronomer, jurist with a doctorate in law, physician, quadrilingual polyglot, classics scholar, translator, artist, Catholic cleric, governor, diplomat and economist.So, what seperates this book from the rest?A comprehensive narrative of Nicolaus Copernicus, this book gives a full understanding of the subject.A brief guide of subject areas covered in "16th-century Astronomers - Nicolaus Copernicus" include -- Nicolaus Copernicus- Copernican heliocentrism- Copernican Revolution- CoperniciumFind out more of this subject, it's intricacies and it's nuances. Discover more about it's importance. Develop a level of understanding required to comprehend this fascinating concept.Author Ruthann Love has worked hard researching and compiling this fundamental work, and is proud to bring you "16th-century Astronomers - Nicolaus Copernicus" ...Read this book today ...
Book Synopsis Minor Works by : Nicolaus Copernicus
Download or read book Minor Works written by Nicolaus Copernicus and published by . This book was released on 1992 with total page 404 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: In 1973, on the 500th anniversary of Copernicus's birth, the Polish Academy of Sciences announced its intention to publish all of the astronomer's extant works, both in their original Latin and in modern translations. Here, available for the first time in softcover, are Edward Rosen's authoritative English translations and commentaries.
Book Synopsis On Revolutions of Heavenly Spheres by : Nicolaus Copernicus
Download or read book On Revolutions of Heavenly Spheres written by Nicolaus Copernicus and published by Prometheus Books. This book was released on 1995-11-01 with total page 336 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Book Synopsis The Copernican Revolution by : Thomas S. Kuhn
Download or read book The Copernican Revolution written by Thomas S. Kuhn and published by Harvard University Press. This book was released on 1957 with total page 330 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: An account of the Copernican Revolution, focusing on the significance of the plurality of the revolution which encompassed not only mathematical astronomy, but also conceptual changes in cosmology, physics, philosophy, and religion.
Book Synopsis On the revolutions by : Nicolaus Copernicus
Download or read book On the revolutions written by Nicolaus Copernicus and published by . This book was released on 1972 with total page 476 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: