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Global Morphology Of Ionospheric Scintillations 2
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Book Synopsis Global Morphology of Ionospheric Scintillations II by : Jules Aarons
Download or read book Global Morphology of Ionospheric Scintillations II written by Jules Aarons and published by . This book was released on 1975 with total page 30 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Updating a review of the global morphology of ionospheric scintillations published in 1971, this study adds additional experimental studies on familiar topics to newer types of measurements of ionospheric irregularities, including in situ experiments and artificial heating of the F-layer.
Book Synopsis Global Morphology of Ionospheric Scintillations II. by : Jules Aarons
Download or read book Global Morphology of Ionospheric Scintillations II. written by Jules Aarons and published by . This book was released on 1975 with total page 0 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Author :UNITED STATES. DEPARTMENT OF THE AIR FORCE. AIR FORCE SYSTEMS COMMAND. AIR FORCE CAMBRIDGE RESEARCH LABORATORIES. Publisher : ISBN 13 : Total Pages :39 pages Book Rating :4.:/5 (131 download)
Book Synopsis GLOBAL MORPHOLOGY OF IONOSPHERIC SCINTILLATIONS 2 by : UNITED STATES. DEPARTMENT OF THE AIR FORCE. AIR FORCE SYSTEMS COMMAND. AIR FORCE CAMBRIDGE RESEARCH LABORATORIES.
Download or read book GLOBAL MORPHOLOGY OF IONOSPHERIC SCINTILLATIONS 2 written by UNITED STATES. DEPARTMENT OF THE AIR FORCE. AIR FORCE SYSTEMS COMMAND. AIR FORCE CAMBRIDGE RESEARCH LABORATORIES. and published by . This book was released on 1975 with total page 39 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Book Synopsis Global Morphology of Ionospheric Scintillations by : Jules Aarons
Download or read book Global Morphology of Ionospheric Scintillations written by Jules Aarons and published by . This book was released on 1970 with total page 48 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Amplitude fluctuations produced by small irregularities in electron density in the F-layer of the ionosphere (at 300 to 400 km height) can be a problem to communication and navigation systems in the VHF-UHF range. Recent measurements, primarily by AFCRL, are shown with emphasis on results at high and equatorial latitudes. At high latitudes an irregularity region exists whose lower boundary reaches 57 degrees invariant latitude near midnight. During magnetic storms the boundary descends to lower latitudes and the fading becomes deeper. Over the polar cap scintillations are somewhat diminished. When observing synchronous satellites through the irregularity region, deep and fast fading is frequently seen, with fade rates to one per second. Irregularities produce deep scintillations in the VHF range plus or minus 15 degrees from the geomagnetic equator. In equatorial regions maximum occurrence of high level scintillations takes place between 2100 and 2400 local time during the equinoxes; a minimum occurrence is observed during the solstices. When the sunspot number decreases, the equatorial irregularity region spreads and becomes larger. The data for various latitudes has been placed in statistical form, that is, distribution of amplitudes for 15-min samples as well as for periods of 1 yr and longer. (Author).
Book Synopsis Global Morphology of Ionospheric Scintillations by : Jules Aarons
Download or read book Global Morphology of Ionospheric Scintillations written by Jules Aarons and published by . This book was released on 1970 with total page 0 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Amplitude fluctuations produced by small irregularities in electron density in the F-layer of the ionosphere (at 300 to 400 km height) can be a problem to communication and navigation systems in the VHF-UHF range. Recent measurements, primarily by AFCRL, are shown with emphasis on results at high and equatorial latitudes. At high latitudes an irregularity region exists whose lower boundary reaches 57 degrees invariant latitude near midnight. During magnetic storms the boundary descends to lower latitudes and the fading becomes deeper. Over the polar cap scintillations are somewhat diminished. When observing synchronous satellites through the irregularity region, deep and fast fading is frequently seen, with fade rates to one per second. Irregularities produce deep scintillations in the VHF range plus or minus 15 degrees from the geomagnetic equator. In equatorial regions maximum occurrence of high level scintillations takes place between 2100 and 2400 local time during the equinoxes; a minimum occurrence is observed during the solstices. When the sunspot number decreases, the equatorial irregularity region spreads and becomes larger. The data for various latitudes has been placed in statistical form, that is, distribution of amplitudes for 15-min samples as well as for periods of 1 yr and longer. (Author)
Book Synopsis Ionospheric Scintillation Modeling Needs and Tricks by : Shishir Priyadarshi
Download or read book Ionospheric Scintillation Modeling Needs and Tricks written by Shishir Priyadarshi and published by . This book was released on 2022 with total page 0 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The wavelength of the radio-wave satellite signal is of the order of the minimal small-scale ionospheric irregularities (i.e., a few centimeters). As the satellite signal passes through the ionosphere, its interaction with the ionospheric irregularity structures causes refraction, reflection, and polarization in the satellite signal. Ionospheric irregularities degrade the trans-ionospheric radio-wave signal quality, between the satellite and the receivers, due to scintillation. The physics-based model often fails to produce global morphology during the extreme solar events, whereas empirical models based on the ionospheric scintillation data demonstrate better quality to forecast the scintillation effects during extreme solar event. It is really tricky to make a scintillation model that is sensitive to low and high solar activities as well as extreme solar events simultaneously. In the presented book chapter, we will discuss/review the needs and tricks of modeling ionospheric scintillation during extreme solar events as well as all weather and latitudinal cases. There are several aspects that influence the scintillation occurrence, its strength, and global distribution. The latitudinal dependence, local weather, solar/geomagnetic activity conditions, and local times are the widely accepted factors that control and influence ionospheric scintillation most. This book chapter discusses all these aspects and also suggests the ways to cast aside those factors that led to the wrong measure of scintillation indices.
Book Synopsis Ionospheric Scintillation Effects on VHF-UHF Communication Systems by : H. E. Whitney
Download or read book Ionospheric Scintillation Effects on VHF-UHF Communication Systems written by H. E. Whitney and published by . This book was released on 1976 with total page 28 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Book Synopsis Model of Equatorial Scintillations from in Situ Measurements by : Sunanda Basu
Download or read book Model of Equatorial Scintillations from in Situ Measurements written by Sunanda Basu and published by . This book was released on 1976 with total page 32 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: In situ measurements of F-region irregularity amplitude and ambient electron density made by the retarding potential analyzer (RPA) on OGO-6 near perigee altitude of 400 km have been utilized to derive the variation of electron density deviation over the equatorial region. Based on these measured electron density deviations and other assumed model parameters, including a three-dimensional power-law form of irregularity spectrum of index 4, a model of equatorial scintillations is developed in the framework of diffraction theory. The percentage occurrence contours of estimated equatorial scintillations greater than or equal to 4.5 dB at 140 MHz during 1900 to 2300 LMT for the period November to December 1969 and 1970 have been derived. The model is found to depict a pronounced longitude variation with the scintillation belt width and percentage occurrence being maximum over the African sector. The latitude extent of the spatial scintillation belt narrows over the American sector without much decrease in the scintillation occurrence whereas over the Indian and Far Eastern sectors both the extent and the occurrence are found to decrease. The percentage occurrence of scintillations estimated from this model is found to be consistent with VHF scintillation measurements at Ghana, Huancayo, and Calcutta. In addition, the model was found to be in qualitative agreement with GHz observations at various longitudes made by the COMSAT group. The effect of varying model parameters on scintillation estimates at VHF, UHF and GHz are discussed. Implications of the observed longitudinal variation of scintillations on current theories of equatorial irregularity formation are indicated. (Author).
Book Synopsis Space Physics and Aeronomy, Ionosphere Dynamics and Applications by : Chao Huang
Download or read book Space Physics and Aeronomy, Ionosphere Dynamics and Applications written by Chao Huang and published by John Wiley & Sons. This book was released on 2021-05-11 with total page 47 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: A comprehensive review of global ionospheric research from the polar caps to equatorial regions It's more than a century since scientists first identified the ionosphere, the layer of the Earth’s upper atmosphere that is ionized by solar and cosmic radiation. Our understanding of this dynamic part of the near-Earth space environment has greatly advanced in recent years thanks to new observational technologies, improved numerical models, and powerful computing capabilities. Ionosphere Dynamics and Applications provides a comprehensive overview of historic developments, recent advances, and future directions in ionospheric research. Volume highlights include: Behavior of the ionosphere in different regions from the poles to the equator Distinct characteristics of the high-, mid-, and low-latitude ionosphere Observational results from ground- and space-based instruments Ionospheric impacts on radio signals and satellite operations How earthquakes and tsunamis on Earth cause disturbances in the ionosphere The American Geophysical Union promotes discovery in Earth and space science for the benefit of humanity. Its publications disseminate scientific knowledge and provide resources for researchers, students, and professionals. Find out more about the Space Physics and Aeronomy collection in this Q&A with the Editors in Chief
Book Synopsis Proceedings of the International Conference on Computers and Devices for Communication by :
Download or read book Proceedings of the International Conference on Computers and Devices for Communication written by and published by Allied Publishers. This book was released on 1998 with total page 698 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Book Synopsis ERDA Energy Research Abstracts by : United States. Energy Research and Development Administration
Download or read book ERDA Energy Research Abstracts written by United States. Energy Research and Development Administration and published by . This book was released on 1976-05 with total page pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Book Synopsis Scientific and Technical Aerospace Reports by :
Download or read book Scientific and Technical Aerospace Reports written by and published by . This book was released on 1976 with total page 1004 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Lists citations with abstracts for aerospace related reports obtained from world wide sources and announces documents that have recently been entered into the NASA Scientific and Technical Information Database.
Author :United States. Energy Research and Development Administration. Technical Information Center Publisher : ISBN 13 : Total Pages :962 pages Book Rating :4.3/5 (129 download)
Book Synopsis ERDA Energy Research Abstracts by : United States. Energy Research and Development Administration. Technical Information Center
Download or read book ERDA Energy Research Abstracts written by United States. Energy Research and Development Administration. Technical Information Center and published by . This book was released on 1976 with total page 962 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Book Synopsis Air Force Surveys in Geophysics by :
Download or read book Air Force Surveys in Geophysics written by and published by . This book was released on 1972 with total page 304 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book Antenna Handbook written by Y.T. Lo and published by Springer Science & Business Media. This book was released on 2013-06-29 with total page 2282 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Techniques based on the method of modal expansions, the Rayleigh-Stevenson expansion in inverse powers of the wavelength, and also the method of moments solution of integral equations are essentially restricted to the analysis of electromagnetic radiating structures which are small in terms of the wavelength. It therefore becomes necessary to employ approximations based on "high-frequency techniques" for performing an efficient analysis of electromagnetic radiating systems that are large in terms of the wavelength. One of the most versatile and useful high-frequency techniques is the geometrical theory of diffraction (GTD), which was developed around 1951 by J. B. Keller [1,2,3]. A class of diffracted rays are introduced systematically in the GTD via a generalization of the concepts of classical geometrical optics (GO). According to the GTD these diffracted rays exist in addition to the usual incident, reflected, and transmitted rays of GO. The diffracted rays in the GTD originate from certain "localized" regions on the surface of a radiating structure, such as at discontinuities in the geometrical and electrical properties of a surface, and at points of grazing incidence on a smooth convex surface as illustrated in Fig. 1. In particular, the diffracted rays can enter into the GO shadow as well as the lit regions. Consequently, the diffracted rays entirely account for the fields in the shadow region where the GO rays cannot exist.
Book Synopsis Satellites Missions and Technologies for Geosciences by : Vladislav Demyanov
Download or read book Satellites Missions and Technologies for Geosciences written by Vladislav Demyanov and published by BoD – Books on Demand. This book was released on 2020-07-22 with total page 184 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Being a vital modern technology, satellite systems for navigation, telecommunication, and geosciences have developed rapidly in the last 25 years. Modern satellite technologies have become a base of our civilization and support our day-to-day activity in both practice and geosciences. This book is devoted to GNSS-remote sensing for ionosphere research, modeling and mitigation techniques to diminish the ionosphere and multipath impacts on GNSS, and survey of the modern satellite missions and technologies. We hope that the experts’ opinions presented in the book will be interesting for the research community and students in the area of satellites and space missions as well as in engineering and geoscience research.
Author :Environmental Science Information Center. Library and Information Services Division Publisher : ISBN 13 : Total Pages :444 pages Book Rating :4.3/5 ( download)
Book Synopsis Book catalog of the Library and Information Services Division by : Environmental Science Information Center. Library and Information Services Division
Download or read book Book catalog of the Library and Information Services Division written by Environmental Science Information Center. Library and Information Services Division and published by . This book was released on 1977 with total page 444 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
