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Author : Ernst Mach
Publisher :
ISBN 13 :
Total Pages : 164 pages
Book Rating : 4.:/5 (318 download)
Download or read book Space and Geometry in the Light of Physiological, Psychological and Physical Inquiry written by Ernst Mach and published by . This book was released on 1906 with total page 164 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Author : Peter Gardenfors
Publisher : MIT Press
ISBN 13 : 9780262572194
Total Pages : 324 pages
Book Rating : 4.5/5 (721 download)
Download or read book Conceptual Spaces written by Peter Gardenfors and published by MIT Press. This book was released on 2004-01-30 with total page 324 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Within cognitive science, two approaches currently dominate the problem of modeling representations. The symbolic approach views cognition as computation involving symbolic manipulation. Connectionism, a special case of associationism, models associations using artificial neuron networks. Peter Gärdenfors offers his theory of conceptual representations as a bridge between the symbolic and connectionist approaches. Symbolic representation is particularly weak at modeling concept learning, which is paramount for understanding many cognitive phenomena. Concept learning is closely tied to the notion of similarity, which is also poorly served by the symbolic approach. Gärdenfors's theory of conceptual spaces presents a framework for representing information on the conceptual level. A conceptual space is built up from geometrical structures based on a number of quality dimensions. The main applications of the theory are on the constructive side of cognitive science: as a constructive model the theory can be applied to the development of artificial systems capable of solving cognitive tasks. Gärdenfors also shows how conceptual spaces can serve as an explanatory framework for a number of empirical theories, in particular those concerning concept formation, induction, and semantics. His aim is to present a coherent research program that can be used as a basis for more detailed investigations.
Author : Francesca Biagioli
Publisher : Springer
ISBN 13 : 3319317792
Total Pages : 258 pages
Book Rating : 4.3/5 (193 download)
Download or read book Space, Number, and Geometry from Helmholtz to Cassirer written by Francesca Biagioli and published by Springer. This book was released on 2016-08-22 with total page 258 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This book offers a reconstruction of the debate on non-Euclidean geometry in neo-Kantianism between the second half of the nineteenth century and the first decades of the twentieth century. Kant famously characterized space and time as a priori forms of intuitions, which lie at the foundation of mathematical knowledge. The success of his philosophical account of space was due not least to the fact that Euclidean geometry was widely considered to be a model of certainty at his time. However, such later scientific developments as non-Euclidean geometries and Einstein’s general theory of relativity called into question the certainty of Euclidean geometry and posed the problem of reconsidering space as an open question for empirical research. The transformation of the concept of space from a source of knowledge to an object of research can be traced back to a tradition, which includes such mathematicians as Carl Friedrich Gauss, Bernhard Riemann, Richard Dedekind, Felix Klein, and Henri Poincaré, and which finds one of its clearest expressions in Hermann von Helmholtz’s epistemological works. Although Helmholtz formulated compelling objections to Kant, the author reconsiders different strategies for a philosophical account of the same transformation from a neo-Kantian perspective, and especially Hermann Cohen’s account of the aprioricity of mathematics in terms of applicability and Ernst Cassirer’s reformulation of the a priori of space in terms of a system of hypotheses. This book is ideal for students, scholars and researchers who wish to broaden their knowledge of non-Euclidean geometry or neo-Kantianism.
Author : Thomas C. Vinci
Publisher :
ISBN 13 : 019938116X
Total Pages : 265 pages
Book Rating : 4.1/5 (993 download)
Download or read book Space, Geometry, and Kant's Transcendental Deduction of the Categories written by Thomas C. Vinci and published by . This book was released on 2015 with total page 265 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Thomas C. Vinci aims to reveal and assess the structure of Kant's argument in the Critique of Pure Reason called the "Transcendental Deduction of the Categories." At the end of the first part of the Deduction in the B-edition Kant states that his purpose is achieved: to show that all intuitions in general are subject to the categories. On the standard reading, this means that all of our mental representations, including those originating in sense-experience, are structured by conceptualization. But this reading encounters an exegetical problem: Kant states in the second part of the Deduction that a major part of what remains to be shown is that empirical intuitions are subject to the categories. How can this be if it has already been shown that intuitions in general are subject to the categories? Vinci calls this the Triviality Problem, and he argues that solving it requires denying the standard reading. In its place he proposes that intuitions in general and empirical intuitions constitute disjoint classes and that, while all intuitions for Kant are unified, there are two kinds of unification: logical unification vs. aesthetic unification. Only the former is due to the categories. A second major theme of the book is that Kant's Idealism comes in two versions-for laws of nature and for objects of empirical intuition-and that demonstrating these versions is the ultimate goal of the Deduction of the Categories and the similarly structured Deduction of the Concepts of Space, respectively. Vinci shows that the Deductions have the argument structure of an inference to the best explanation for correlated domains of explananda, each arrived at by independent applications of Kantian epistemic and geometrical methods.
Author : Steven G. Krantz
Publisher : Springer Science & Business Media
ISBN 13 : 1461215749
Total Pages : 311 pages
Book Rating : 4.4/5 (612 download)
Download or read book The Geometry of Domains in Space written by Steven G. Krantz and published by Springer Science & Business Media. This book was released on 2012-12-06 with total page 311 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The analysis of Euclidean space is well-developed. The classical Lie groups that act naturally on Euclidean space-the rotations, dilations, and trans lations-have both shaped and guided this development. In particular, the Fourier transform and the theory of translation invariant operators (convolution transforms) have played a central role in this analysis. Much modern work in analysis takes place on a domain in space. In this context the tools, perforce, must be different. No longer can we expect there to be symmetries. Correspondingly, there is no longer any natural way to apply the Fourier transform. Pseudodifferential operators and Fourier integral operators can playa role in solving some of the problems, but other problems require new, more geometric, ideas. At a more basic level, the analysis of a smoothly bounded domain in space requires a great deal of preliminary spadework. Tubular neighbor hoods, the second fundamental form, the notion of "positive reach", and the implicit function theorem are just some of the tools that need to be invoked regularly to set up this analysis. The normal and tangent bundles become part of the language of classical analysis when that analysis is done on a domain. Many of the ideas in partial differential equations-such as Egorov's canonical transformation theorem-become rather natural when viewed in geometric language. Many of the questions that are natural to an analyst-such as extension theorems for various classes of functions-are most naturally formulated using ideas from geometry.
Author : Paul M. Tokorcheck
Publisher :
ISBN 13 : 9781516553921
Total Pages : 286 pages
Book Rating : 4.5/5 (539 download)
Download or read book Trigonometry, Geometry, and the Conception of Space written by Paul M. Tokorcheck and published by . This book was released on 2015-08-07 with total page 286 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: "Trigonometry, Geometry, and the Conception of Space is primarily a textbook for students of architecture, design, or any other subject that requires a strong, practical understanding of measurement. Topics that are traditionally included for future calculus students have been replaced with a study of three-dimensional space and geometry. The first portion of the book focuses on pure trigonometry: sets and numbers, the six trigonometric functions and their inverses, and applications. The second portion covers more geometric topics like cylindrical and spherical coordinate systems, conic sections, and quadric surfaces. The material emphasizes alternative ways to describe points in space and how to transfer between them. Written for highly visual courses exploring three-dimensional space and the objects that lie within it, Trigonometry, Geometry, and the Conception of Space offers fresh, modern instruction for classes in architecture, graphic design, and mathematics. Paul Tokorcheck earned his Ph.D. in mathematics at UC Santa Cruz, with research interests in group representations, number theory, and Lie theory. He is now a lecturer with the Department of Mathematics at Iowa State University. Apart from mathematics, Dr. Tokorcheck's life journey has taken him through a variety of jobs, from cooking in award-winning kitchens of California, to teaching high school in northern Ghana, to resettling refugees from the civil wars in Liberia and Sierra Leone."
Author : Peter Gärdenfors
Publisher : MIT Press
ISBN 13 : 0262026783
Total Pages : 357 pages
Book Rating : 4.2/5 (62 download)
Download or read book The Geometry of Meaning written by Peter Gärdenfors and published by MIT Press. This book was released on 2014-01-17 with total page 357 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: A novel cognitive theory of semantics that proposes that the meanings of words can be described in terms of geometric structures.
Author : Shing-Tung Yau
Publisher : Il Saggiatore
ISBN 13 : 0465020232
Total Pages : 398 pages
Book Rating : 4.4/5 (65 download)
Download or read book The Shape of Inner Space written by Shing-Tung Yau and published by Il Saggiatore. This book was released on 2010-09-07 with total page 398 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The leading mind behind the mathematics of string theory discusses how geometry explains the universe we see. Illustrations.
Author : R. Miron
Publisher : Springer Science & Business Media
ISBN 13 : 9401107882
Total Pages : 302 pages
Book Rating : 4.4/5 (11 download)
Download or read book The Geometry of Lagrange Spaces: Theory and Applications written by R. Miron and published by Springer Science & Business Media. This book was released on 2012-12-06 with total page 302 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Differential-geometric methods are gaining increasing importance in the understanding of a wide range of fundamental natural phenomena. Very often, the starting point for such studies is a variational problem formulated for a convenient Lagrangian. From a formal point of view, a Lagrangian is a smooth real function defined on the total space of the tangent bundle to a manifold satisfying some regularity conditions. The main purpose of this book is to present: (a) an extensive discussion of the geometry of the total space of a vector bundle; (b) a detailed exposition of Lagrange geometry; and (c) a description of the most important applications. New methods are described for construction geometrical models for applications. The various chapters consider topics such as fibre and vector bundles, the Einstein equations, generalized Einstein--Yang--Mills equations, the geometry of the total space of a tangent bundle, Finsler and Lagrange spaces, relativistic geometrical optics, and the geometry of time-dependent Lagrangians. Prerequisites for using the book are a good foundation in general manifold theory and a general background in geometrical models in physics. For mathematical physicists and applied mathematicians interested in the theory and applications of differential-geometric methods.
Author : R. Miron
Publisher : Springer Science & Business Media
ISBN 13 : 0306471353
Total Pages : 355 pages
Book Rating : 4.3/5 (64 download)
Download or read book The Geometry of Hamilton and Lagrange Spaces written by R. Miron and published by Springer Science & Business Media. This book was released on 2006-04-11 with total page 355 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The title of this book is no surprise for people working in the field of Analytical Mechanics. However, the geometric concepts of Lagrange space and Hamilton space are completely new. The geometry of Lagrange spaces, introduced and studied in [76],[96], was ext- sively examined in the last two decades by geometers and physicists from Canada, Germany, Hungary, Italy, Japan, Romania, Russia and U.S.A. Many international conferences were devoted to debate this subject, proceedings and monographs were published [10], [18], [112], [113],... A large area of applicability of this geometry is suggested by the connections to Biology, Mechanics, and Physics and also by its general setting as a generalization of Finsler and Riemannian geometries. The concept of Hamilton space, introduced in [105], [101] was intensively studied in [63], [66], [97],... and it has been successful, as a geometric theory of the Ham- tonian function the fundamental entity in Mechanics and Physics. The classical Legendre’s duality makes possible a natural connection between Lagrange and - miltonspaces. It reveals new concepts and geometrical objects of Hamilton spaces that are dual to those which are similar in Lagrange spaces. Following this duality Cartan spaces introduced and studied in [98], [99],..., are, roughly speaking, the Legendre duals of certain Finsler spaces [98], [66], [67]. The above arguments make this monograph a continuation of [106], [113], emphasizing the Hamilton geometry.
Author : Roman Bezrukavnikov
Publisher : American Mathematical Soc.
ISBN 13 : 1470435748
Total Pages : 449 pages
Book Rating : 4.4/5 (74 download)
Download or read book Geometry of Moduli Spaces and Representation Theory written by Roman Bezrukavnikov and published by American Mathematical Soc.. This book was released on 2017-12-15 with total page 449 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This book is based on lectures given at the Graduate Summer School of the 2015 Park City Mathematics Institute program “Geometry of moduli spaces and representation theory”, and is devoted to several interrelated topics in algebraic geometry, topology of algebraic varieties, and representation theory. Geometric representation theory is a young but fast developing research area at the intersection of these subjects. An early profound achievement was the famous conjecture by Kazhdan–Lusztig about characters of highest weight modules over a complex semi-simple Lie algebra, and its subsequent proof by Beilinson-Bernstein and Brylinski-Kashiwara. Two remarkable features of this proof have inspired much of subsequent development: intricate algebraic data turned out to be encoded in topological invariants of singular geometric spaces, while proving this fact required deep general theorems from algebraic geometry. Another focus of the program was enumerative algebraic geometry. Recent progress showed the role of Lie theoretic structures in problems such as calculation of quantum cohomology, K-theory, etc. Although the motivation and technical background of these constructions is quite different from that of geometric Langlands duality, both theories deal with topological invariants of moduli spaces of maps from a target of complex dimension one. Thus they are at least heuristically related, while several recent works indicate possible strong technical connections. The main goal of this collection of notes is to provide young researchers and experts alike with an introduction to these areas of active research and promote interaction between the two related directions.
Author : Tim Maudlin
Publisher :
ISBN 13 : 0198701306
Total Pages : 374 pages
Book Rating : 4.1/5 (987 download)
Download or read book New Foundations for Physical Geometry written by Tim Maudlin and published by . This book was released on 2014-02 with total page 374 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Tim Maudlin sets out a completely new method for describing the geometrical structure of spaces, and thus a better mathematical tool for describing and understanding space-time. He presents a historical review of the development of geometry and topology, and then his original Theory of Linear Structures.
Author : Roger Boudet
Publisher : Springer Science & Business Media
ISBN 13 : 3642191991
Total Pages : 126 pages
Book Rating : 4.6/5 (421 download)
Download or read book Quantum Mechanics in the Geometry of Space-Time written by Roger Boudet and published by Springer Science & Business Media. This book was released on 2011-06-13 with total page 126 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This book continues the fundamental work of Arnold Sommerfeld and David Hestenes formulating theoretical physics in terms of Minkowski space-time geometry. We see how the standard matrix version of the Dirac equation can be reformulated in terms of a real space-time algebra, thus revealing a geometric meaning for the “number i” in quantum mechanics. Next, it is examined in some detail how electroweak theory can be integrated into the Dirac theory and this way interpreted in terms of space-time geometry. Finally, some implications for quantum electrodynamics are considered. The presentation of real quantum electromagnetism is expressed in an addendum. The book covers both the use of the complex and the real languages and allows the reader acquainted with the first language to make a step by step translation to the second one.
Author : Mikhail Kapranov
Publisher : Springer Science & Business Media
ISBN 13 : 3764386088
Total Pages : 759 pages
Book Rating : 4.7/5 (643 download)
Download or read book Geometry and Dynamics of Groups and Spaces written by Mikhail Kapranov and published by Springer Science & Business Media. This book was released on 2008-03-05 with total page 759 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Alexander Reznikov (1960-2003) was a brilliant and highly original mathematician. This book presents 18 articles by prominent mathematicians and is dedicated to his memory. In addition it contains an influential, so far unpublished manuscript by Reznikov of book length. The book further provides an extensive survey on Kleinian groups in higher dimensions and some articles centering on Reznikov as a person.
Author : Jeffrey R. Weeks
Publisher : CRC Press
ISBN 13 : 9781135542634
Total Pages : 408 pages
Book Rating : 4.5/5 (426 download)
Download or read book The Shape of Space written by Jeffrey R. Weeks and published by CRC Press. This book was released on 2001-12-12 with total page 408 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Maintaining the standard of excellence set by the previous edition, this textbook covers the basic geometry of two- and three-dimensional spaces Written by a master expositor, leading researcher in the field, and MacArthur Fellow, it includes experiments to determine the true shape of the universe and contains illustrated examples and engaging exercises that teach mind-expanding ideas in an intuitive and informal way. Bridging the gap from geometry to the latest work in observational cosmology, the book illustrates the connection between geometry and the behavior of the physical universe and explains how radiation remaining from the big bang may reveal the actual shape of the universe.
Author : Vincenzo de Risi
Publisher : Springer Science & Business Media
ISBN 13 : 3764379863
Total Pages : 658 pages
Book Rating : 4.7/5 (643 download)
Download or read book Geometry and Monadology written by Vincenzo de Risi and published by Springer Science & Business Media. This book was released on 2007-08-08 with total page 658 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This book reconstructs, from both historical and theoretical points of view, Leibniz’s geometrical studies, focusing in particular on the research Leibniz carried out in his final years. The work’s main purpose is to offer a better understanding of the philosophy of space and in general of the mature Leibnizean metaphysics. This is the first ever, comprehensive historical reconstruction of Leibniz’s geometry.
Author : Vincenzo De Risi
Publisher : Birkhäuser
ISBN 13 : 3319121022
Total Pages : 320 pages
Book Rating : 4.3/5 (191 download)
Download or read book Mathematizing Space written by Vincenzo De Risi and published by Birkhäuser. This book was released on 2015-01-31 with total page 320 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This book collects the papers of the conference held in Berlin, Germany, 27-29 August 2012, on 'Space, Geometry and the Imagination from Antiquity to the Modern Age'. The conference was a joint effort by the Max Planck Institute for the History of Science (Berlin) and the Centro die Ricerca Matematica Ennio De Giorgi (Pisa).
