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Author : Ahmed Sallam
Publisher : Frontiers Media SA
ISBN 13 : 2832504310
Total Pages : 253 pages
Book Rating : 4.8/5 (325 download)
Download or read book Genetic Validation and its Role in Crop Improvement written by Ahmed Sallam and published by Frontiers Media SA. This book was released on 2022-11-08 with total page 253 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Author : Rajeev K. Varshney
Publisher : Springer
ISBN 13 : 3319631705
Total Pages : 265 pages
Book Rating : 4.3/5 (196 download)
Download or read book Genomic Selection for Crop Improvement written by Rajeev K. Varshney and published by Springer. This book was released on 2017-12-05 with total page 265 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Genomic Selection for Crop Improvement serves as handbook for users by providing basic as well as advanced understandings of genomic selection. This useful review explains germplasm use, phenotyping evaluation, marker genotyping methods, and statistical models involved in genomic selection. It also includes examples of ongoing activities of genomic selection for crop improvement and efforts initiated to deploy the genomic selection in some important crops. In order to understand the potential of GS breeding, it is high time to bring complete information in the form of a book that can serve as a ready reference for geneticist and plant breeders.
Author : Joong Hyoun Chin
Publisher : MDPI
ISBN 13 : 3036509763
Total Pages : 314 pages
Book Rating : 4.0/5 (365 download)
Download or read book Recent Advances in Genetics and Breeding of Major Staple Food Crops written by Joong Hyoun Chin and published by MDPI. This book was released on 2021-08-31 with total page 314 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: To meet the global food demand of an increasing population, food production has to be increased by 60% by 2050. The main production constraints, such as climate change, biotic stresses, abiotic stresses, soil nutrition deficiency problems, problematic soils, etc., have to be addressed on an urgent basis. More than 50% of human calories are from three major cereals: rice, wheat, and maize. The harnessing of genetic diversity by novel allele mining assisted by recent advances in biotechnological and bioinformatics tools will enhance the utilization of the hidden treasures in the gene bank. Technological advances in plant breeding will provide some solutions for the biofortification, stress resistance, yield potential, and quality improvement in staple crops. The elucidation of the genetic, physiological, and molecular basis of useful traits and the improvement of the improved donors containing multiple traits are key activities for variety development. High-throughput genotyping systems assisted by bioinformatics and data science provide efficient and easy tools for geneticists and breeders. Recently, new breeding techniques applied in some food crops have become game-changers in the global food crop market. With this background, we invited 18 eminent researchers working on food crops from across the world to contribute their high-quality original research manuscripts. The research studies covered modern food crop genetics and breeding: plant molecular systems focusing to food crops; plant genetic diversity—QTL and gene identification utilizing high-throughput genotyping systems and their validation; new breeding techniques in food crops—targeted mutagenesis, genome editing, etc.; abiotic and biotic stresses—QTL/gene identification and their molecular physiology; plant nutrition, grain quality improvement, and yield enhancement.
Author : George Bruening
Publisher : Springer Science & Business Media
ISBN 13 : 1468453297
Total Pages : 224 pages
Book Rating : 4.4/5 (684 download)
Download or read book Tailoring Genes for Crop Improvement written by George Bruening and published by Springer Science & Business Media. This book was released on 2012-12-06 with total page 224 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: In August. 1982. a conference was held at the University of Califor nia. Davis. to discuss both molecular and traditional approaches to plant genetic analysis and plant breeding. Papers presented at the meeting were published in Genetic Engineering of Plants: An Agricultural Perspective. A second conference. entitled "Tailoring Genes for Crop Improvement." spon sored by the UC-Davis College of Agricultural and Environmental Sciences and the College's Biotechnology Program. was held at Davis in August. 1986. to discuss the notable advances that had been made during the intervening years in the technology for gene modification. transfer. and expression in plants. This volume contains papers that were presented at this meeting and provides readers with examples of how the new experimental strategies are being used to gain a clearer understanding of the biology of the plants we grow for food and fiber; it also discusses how molecular biology approaches are being used to introduce new genes into plants for plant breeding programs. We are grateful to the speakers for their excellent presentations for the conference and extend our sincere thanks to those who contributed manuscripts for this volume.
Author : Bidyut Kumar Sarmah
Publisher : Springer Nature
ISBN 13 : 3030633721
Total Pages : 277 pages
Book Rating : 4.0/5 (36 download)
Download or read book Genome Engineering for Crop Improvement written by Bidyut Kumar Sarmah and published by Springer Nature. This book was released on 2021-04-18 with total page 277 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This book serves the teachers, researchers and the students as a handy and concise reference as well as guidebook while designing and planning for use of the advanced technologies for crop improvement. The content of the book is designed to cover the latest genome engineering techniques for crop improvement. The conventional breeding has got its limitations such as non-availability of desired genes within the genepool. In many cases, breeding has been highly used and it has nearly reached its highest limit so far as the productivity and production of crops are concerned. However, with increasing need of food and decreasing resources, including water, land, labour, etc., to feed the growing population, the alternative available ways of increasing crop productivity need to be explored and exploited. Genome engineering has a wide scope that includes technologies such as genetic engineering and transgenesis, RNA technologies, CRISPR, cisgenics and subgenics for better productivity and more efficient biotic and abiotic stress management. Therefore, the book is planned to enlighten the readers with the advanced technologies with examples and case studies, whenever possible. Efforts will be made to emphasize on general efforts on various major food crops; however, it would also be made clear that such efforts could be taken as proofs of concepts and that this could be extrapolated keeping the demand in mind.
Author : National Research Council
Publisher : National Academies Press
ISBN 13 : 0309166152
Total Pages : 254 pages
Book Rating : 4.3/5 (91 download)
Download or read book Safety of Genetically Engineered Foods written by National Research Council and published by National Academies Press. This book was released on 2004-07-08 with total page 254 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Assists policymakers in evaluating the appropriate scientific methods for detecting unintended changes in food and assessing the potential for adverse health effects from genetically modified products. In this book, the committee recommended that greater scrutiny should be given to foods containing new compounds or unusual amounts of naturally occurring substances, regardless of the method used to create them. The book offers a framework to guide federal agencies in selecting the route of safety assessment. It identifies and recommends several pre- and post-market approaches to guide the assessment of unintended compositional changes that could result from genetically modified foods and research avenues to fill the knowledge gaps.
Author : Kailash Chandra
Publisher : CRC Press
ISBN 13 : 1000825663
Total Pages : 489 pages
Book Rating : 4.0/5 (8 download)
Download or read book Smart Breeding written by Kailash Chandra and published by CRC Press. This book was released on 2024-02-13 with total page 489 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This new volume focuses on novel breeding and biotechnological approaches for crop improvement, covering recent advances in molecular breeding and plant breeding, such as pre-breeding, reverse breeding, allele mining, next-generation sequencing, etc. The authors consider the important necessity and development of climate-resilient crops that can withstand hostility or adversities of climate without substantially compromising yield and discuss ways to mitigate plant stress. The recent developments in breeding and biotechnological approaches concerning crop improvement that are discussed in the book include molecular markers, their genesis, and their significant applications for crop improvement; QTL mapping, a modern breeding approach for mapping quantitative traits; pulse molecular breeding and genomics; and approaches for precise gene alterations in the genome of organisms by using genome editing. Other techniques include reverse breeding, a technique that allows breeders to develop parental lines directly from the heterozygous plant within a shorter time frame; pre-breeding approaches for biotic and abiotic stress management in crop plants; allele mining as a way to find existing variations in an organism’s gene pool by scanning the entire gene; marker-assisted selection, where molecular markers have played a significant role in accelerating breeding programs; and next-generation sequencing (NGS) platforms in crop improvement, where the authors summarize the technical know-how of each sequencing platform and its merits and demerits. The book introduces the design and importance of Mutmap and its variant in modern breeding, a novel gene mapping approaches that allows rapid identification of causal nucleotide changes of mutants by whole-genome resequencing. Examples and case studies of the various approaches are included as well, with several examples of marker-assisted selection of rice and maize crop and other agriculturally important crops. This informative volume will enhance readers’ knowledge about the recent developments in breeding and biotechnological approaches concerning crop improvement.
Author : Manjit S. Kang
Publisher : CABI
ISBN 13 : 1789240212
Total Pages : 433 pages
Book Rating : 4.7/5 (892 download)
Download or read book Quantitative Genetics, Genomics and Plant Breeding, 2nd Edition written by Manjit S. Kang and published by CABI. This book was released on 2020-04-01 with total page 433 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This book presents state-of-the-art, authoritative chapters on contemporary issues in the broad areas of quantitative genetics, genomics and plant breeding. Section 1 (Chapters 2 to 12) emphasizes the application of genomics, and genome and epigenome editing techniques, in plant breeding; bioinformatics; quantitative trait loci mapping; and the latest approaches of examining and exploiting genotype-environment interactions. Section 2 (Chapters 13 to 20) represents the intersection of breeding, genetics and genomics. This section describes the use of cutting-edge molecular breeding and quantitative genetics techniques in wheat, rice, maize, root and tuber crops and pearl millet. Overall, the book focuses on using genomic information to help evaluate traits that can combat biotic/abiotic stresses, genome-wide association mapping, high-throughput genotyping/phenotyping, biofortification, use of big data, orphan crops, and gene editing techniques. The examples featured are taken from across crop science research and cover a wide geographical base.
Author : R.K. Varshney
Publisher : Springer Science & Business Media
ISBN 13 : 1402062958
Total Pages : 405 pages
Book Rating : 4.4/5 (2 download)
Download or read book Genomics-Assisted Crop Improvement written by R.K. Varshney and published by Springer Science & Business Media. This book was released on 2007-12-12 with total page 405 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This superb volume provides a critical assessment of genomics tools and approaches for crop breeding. Volume 1 presents the status and availability of genomic resources and platforms, and also devises strategies and approaches for effectively exploiting genomics research. Volume 2 goes into detail on a number of case studies of several important crop and plant species that summarize both the achievements and limitations of genomics research for crop improvement.
Author : John E. Bradshaw
Publisher : Springer
ISBN 13 : 3319232851
Total Pages : 710 pages
Book Rating : 4.3/5 (192 download)
Download or read book Plant Breeding: Past, Present and Future written by John E. Bradshaw and published by Springer. This book was released on 2016-03-08 with total page 710 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This book aims to help plant breeders by reviewing past achievements, currently successful practices, and emerging methods and techniques. Theoretical considerations are also presented to strike the right balance between being as simple as possible but as complex as necessary. The United Nations predicts that the global human population will continue rising to 9.0 billion by 2050. World food production will need to increase between 70-100 per cent in just 40 years. First generation bio-fuels are also using crops and cropland to produce energy rather than food. In addition, land area used for agriculture may remain static or even decrease as a result of degradation and climate change, despite more land being theoretically available, unless crops can be bred which tolerate associated abiotic stresses. Lastly, it is unlikely that steps can be taken to mitigate all of the climate change predicted to occur by 2050, and beyond, and hence adaptation of farming systems and crop production will be required to reduce predicted negative effects on yields that will occur without crop adaptation. Substantial progress will therefore be required in bridging the yield gap between what is currently achieved per unit of land and what should be possible in future, with the best farming methods and best storage and transportation of food, given the availability of suitably adapted cultivars, including adaptation to climate change. My book is divided into four parts: Part I is an historical introduction; Part II deals with the origin of genetic variation by mutation and recombination of DNA; Part III explains how the mating system of a crop species determines the genetic structure of its landraces; Part IV considers the three complementary options for future progress: use of sexual reproduction in further conventional breeding, base broadening and introgression; mutation breeding; and genetically modified crops.
Author : Narendra Tuteja
Publisher : Woodhead Publishing
ISBN 13 : 0128185821
Total Pages : 442 pages
Book Rating : 4.1/5 (281 download)
Download or read book Advancement in Crop Improvement Techniques written by Narendra Tuteja and published by Woodhead Publishing. This book was released on 2020-06-13 with total page 442 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Advancement in Crop Improvement Techniques presents updates on biotechnology and molecular biological approaches which have contributed significantly to crop improvement. The book discusses the emerging importance of bioinformatics in analyzing the vast resources of information regarding crop improvement and its practical application and utilization. Throughout this comprehensive resource, emphasis is placed on various techniques used to improve agricultural crops, providing a common platform for the utility of these techniques and their combinations. Written by an international team of contributors, this book provides an in-depth analysis of existing tools and a framework for new research. Reviews techniques used for crop improvement, from selection and crossing over, to microorganismal approaches Explores the role of conventional biotechnology in crop improvement Summarizes the combined approaches of cytogenetics and biotechnology for crop improvement, including the importance of molecular techniques in this process Focuses on the emerging role of bioinformatics for crop improvement
Author : Nandula Raghuram
Publisher : Frontiers Media SA
ISBN 13 : 2832552226
Total Pages : 172 pages
Book Rating : 4.8/5 (325 download)
Download or read book Nitrogen Use Efficiency: Plant Biology to Crop Improvement written by Nandula Raghuram and published by Frontiers Media SA. This book was released on 2024-07-29 with total page 172 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The predominant role of unused fertilizers in reactive nitrogen pollution and the need for research and policies to improve nitrogen use efficiency (NUE) is now well known globally. NUE research was originally championed by the scientists of the International Nitrogen Initiative (INI) and later recognized by some national governments and UN agencies such as UNEP, FAO and UNECE. The resulting first ever UN resolution on “Sustainable nitrogen management” in 2019 boosted the demand for solutions, especially in agriculture. The Berlin Declaration from the INI 2021 conference called for improvement of nitrogen use efficiency towards achieving sustainable food systems and all the 17 sustainable development goals. Crop NUE is primarily a biological problem, as there exists a genetic limit to agronomic improvement. Overcoming this genetic barrier for crop improvement requires better understanding of the biological mechanisms of N-response and the genetic determinants of NUE. Fortunately, crop genomics in general and the functional genomics of N-response in particular have been providing a wealth of information. The recent developments in phenotyping and genotyping for NUE and the emergence of phenomics, coupled with the growing ability of bioinformatics to integrate diverse datasets offer unprecedented opportunities to solve the NUE puzzle. Some candidate genes for this multi-genic trait have been validated, while some others are being identified, shortlisted or offered for validation.
Author : G.B. Collins
Publisher : Springer
ISBN 13 : 9789400962095
Total Pages : 604 pages
Book Rating : 4.9/5 (62 download)
Download or read book Applications of Genetic Engineering to Crop Improvement written by G.B. Collins and published by Springer. This book was released on 2011-10-12 with total page 604 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The contributions of plant genetics to the production of higher yielding crops of superior quality are well documented. These successes have been realized through the application of plant breeding techniques to a diverse array of genetically controlled traits. Such highly effective breeding procedures will continue to be the primary method employed for the development of new crop cultivars; however, new techniques in cell and molecular biology will provide additional approaches for genetic modification. There has been considerable speculation recently concerning the potential impact of new techniques in cell and molecular biology on plant improvement. These genetic engineering techniques should offer unique opportunities to alter the genetic makeup of crops if applied to existing breeding procedures. Many questions must be answered in order to identify specific applications of these new technologies. This search for applications will require input from plant scientists working on various aspects of crop improvement. This volume is intended to assess the interrelationships between conventional plant breeding and genetic engineering.
Author : Guifang Lin
Publisher :
ISBN 13 :
Total Pages : 0 pages
Book Rating : 4.:/5 (135 download)
Download or read book Genetic Dissection of Maize Regeneration and Wheat Disease Resistance written by Guifang Lin and published by . This book was released on 2021 with total page 0 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The growing human population worldwide and the changing growth environments require significant crop improvement, which can be accelerated by plant genome engineering. Developing plant cultivars amenable to transformation and improving understanding of the genetic bases of important phenotypic traits can facilitate the use of advanced genome engineering technologies. This dissertation is focused on the genetic analysis of maize transformation and wheat resistance to the disease of leaf rust. The results will provide knowledge to improve crop transformation and wheat disease resistance. Plant transformation is a powerful tool for crop improvement and gene function validation. However, the transformation efficiency of maize is highly dependent on the tissue types and the genotypes. The maize inbred line A188 is amenable to transformation. A188 also exhibits many contrasting traits to the inbred line B73, which is recalcitrant to transformation. B73 was used to generate the first maize reference genome. The lack of genome sequences of A188 limits the use of A188 as a model for functional studies. Here, a chromosome-level genome assembly of A188 was constructed using long reads and optical physical maps. Genome comparison of A188 with B73 based on both whole genome alignments and sequencing read depths identified approximately 1.1 Gb syntenic sequences as well as extensive structural variation. Further, transcriptome and epigenome analyses with the A188 reference genome revealed enhanced gene expression of defense pathways and altered DNA methylation patterns of embryonic callus. The A188 genome assembly provides a foundational resource for analyses of genome variation and gene function in maize. In maize, morphologic types of calli induced from immature embryos are associated with the regeneration capability, which is a major factor determining the transformation efficiency. Here, two contrasting callus types, slow-growth type I calli and fast-growth type II calli, from the selected B73xA188 F2 population were sequenced using Genotyping-By-Sequencing (GBS) and RNA-Seq. With both approaches, the genomic loci associated with the callus type were mapped to chromosomes 2, 5, 6, 8, and 9. From F2 RNA-Seq, differentially expressed genes were identified from the comparison of type II and I calli. In addition, RNA-Seq analysis was performed using fast- and slow-growth calli identified for the A188 calli. Gene ontology (GO) enrichment analysis showed that the down-regulated genes in type II F2 calli and fast-growth A188 calli, as respectively compared to type I calli and slow-growth A188 calli, are overrepresented in the pathway related to cell wall organization, suggesting the role of cell wall formation in the callus development. Besides maize genetic and genomic studies, the dissertation includes the cloning of a leaf rust resistance gene in wheat. Wheat leaf rust disease is caused by a fungal pathogen, Puccinia triticina. The Lr42 gene from the wheat wild relative Aegilops tauschii confers resistance to all leaf rust races tested to date. Through bulked segregant RNA-Seq (BSR-Seq) mapping and further fine mapping, we identified an Lr42 candidate gene, which encodes a nucleotide-binding site leucine-rich repeat (NLR) protein. Transformation of the candidate gene to a leaf rust-susceptible wheat cultivar markedly enhanced the disease resistance, confirming the candidate NLR gene is the Lr42 gene. Cloning of Lr42 expands the repertoire of cloned rust resistance genes, as well as provides precise diagnostic gene markers for wheat improvement.
Author : Ayden Spears
Publisher :
ISBN 13 : 9781641160995
Total Pages : 221 pages
Book Rating : 4.1/5 (69 download)
Download or read book Crop Breeding: Strategies for Crop Improvement written by Ayden Spears and published by . This book was released on 2019-06-14 with total page 221 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The science of crop breeding delves into the study of genetics of crops to develop desirable characteristics for agriculture and horticulture. Breeding crops is essential for ensuring food security in the context of a growing economy. This is done by developing new crop types that have higher yield, disease resistance, abiotic stress tolerance and also higher adaptability to different environments. Classical plant breeding methods have mostly been replaced by modern methodologies of marker-assisted selection, double haploids and genetic modification. The research in the frontiers of genetic modification and transgenic plants is rapidly progressing with the development of innovative biotechnological tools. This book studies, analyses and upholds the pillars of crop breeding and its utmost significance in modern times. The various advancements in this field are glanced at and their applications as well as ramifications are looked at in detail. This book targets geneticists, food scientists, agronomists, molecular biologists, researchers and students associated with this domain.
Author : R. von Bothmer
Publisher : Elsevier
ISBN 13 : 0080530478
Total Pages : 307 pages
Book Rating : 4.0/5 (85 download)
Download or read book Diversity in Barley (Hordeum vulgare) written by R. von Bothmer and published by Elsevier. This book was released on 2003-07-03 with total page 307 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Genetic diversity is one of the main resources sustaining human life. Food security largely depends on the availability and utilization of this diversity, which is of strategic importance for countries and companies. Conservation and utilization of biodiversity is thus currently an urgent area of global debate and concern. Barley is a major crop in the world used for food, feed and malt, and with a wide religious and ethnic importance. The crop was domesticated in Neolithic time in SW Asia and spread rapidly under cultivation to new areas. Nowadays it is one of the most widespread and widely adapted crops grown under contrasting edaphic conditions. Adaptations to new environments, different agricultural practices and selection for different uses have further added to the complex diversity pattern. Is it at all possible to give a complete picture of the diversity in a crop or wild species? Are we, by adding new technologies, only revealing parts of the diversity? Do different sets of data show similar or conflicting pictures of genetic diversity? Will the large genome size reduce the role of barley as a model organism in these current sequencing days? Or, are there still major reasons to continue to work with this beautiful crop? The aim of this book is to cover the complex issue of diversification in time and space in a single crop: barley. Leading scientists from various fields describe the entire variation pattern in different sets of characters and an attempt is made for a synthesis to a holistic picture. The book proposes ways to use the achievements of diversity studies in future research and breeding programmes.
Author : Board on Agriculture
Publisher :
ISBN 13 :
Total Pages : 100 pages
Book Rating : 4.1/5 (428 download)
Download or read book Genetic Engineering of Plants written by Board on Agriculture and published by . This book was released on 1984-01-15 with total page 100 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Plant scientists and science policymakers from government, private companies, and universities met at a convocation on the genetic engineering of plants. During the convocation, researchers described some of the ways genetic engineering may be used to address agricultural problems. Policymakers delineated and debated changes in research funding and training necessary to realize this potential. In addition, various speakers urged new collaborative efforts among basic scientists and plantbreeders. This book, intended to serve as an introduction and guide for those who wish to follow the development of this promising new technology, summarizes these discussions. Sections in the book focus on topics and issues related to: (1) crop improvement; (2) gene transfer; (3) genetic engineering as a tool for fundamental plant science; (4) somatic cell genetics; (5) applications of biotechnology to agricultural problems (including herbicide resistance, bioengineered microorganisms used to combat plant diseases, and nitrogen fixation); (6) policy and institutional considerations; (7) university-industry relations (considering university concerns, industry concerns, and a three-way cooperative program in New York); (8) safety regulations; and (9) patents. (JN)
