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Genes That Underlie Natural Variation In Growth Rate And Flowering Time In Local Accessions Of Arabidopsis Thaliana
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Book Synopsis Genes that Underlie Natural Variation in Growth Rate and Flowering Time in Local Accessions of Arabidopsis Thaliana by : Zafar Iqbal Malik
Download or read book Genes that Underlie Natural Variation in Growth Rate and Flowering Time in Local Accessions of Arabidopsis Thaliana written by Zafar Iqbal Malik and published by . This book was released on 2014 with total page pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Book Synopsis Ecological Genomics by : Christian R. Landry
Download or read book Ecological Genomics written by Christian R. Landry and published by Springer Science & Business Media. This book was released on 2013-11-25 with total page 358 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Researchers in the field of ecological genomics aim to determine how a genome or a population of genomes interacts with its environment across ecological and evolutionary timescales. Ecological genomics is trans-disciplinary by nature. Ecologists have turned to genomics to be able to elucidate the mechanistic bases of the biodiversity their research tries to understand. Genomicists have turned to ecology in order to better explain the functional cellular and molecular variation they observed in their model organisms. We provide an advanced-level book that covers this recent research and proposes future development for this field. A synthesis of the field of ecological genomics emerges from this volume. Ecological Genomics covers a wide array of organisms (microbes, plants and animals) in order to be able to identify central concepts that motivate and derive from recent investigations in different branches of the tree of life. Ecological Genomics covers 3 fields of research that have most benefited from the recent technological and conceptual developments in the field of ecological genomics: the study of life-history evolution and its impact of genome architectures; the study of the genomic bases of phenotypic plasticity and the study of the genomic bases of adaptation and speciation.
Book Synopsis Identification and Characterization of Genes Underlying Natural Variation in Flowering Time in Arabidopsis Thaliana by : Lei Zhang
Download or read book Identification and Characterization of Genes Underlying Natural Variation in Flowering Time in Arabidopsis Thaliana written by Lei Zhang and published by . This book was released on 2017 with total page pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Book Synopsis Exploring Natural Variation in Flowering Time in Arabidopsis Thaliana by : Jonathan David Werner
Download or read book Exploring Natural Variation in Flowering Time in Arabidopsis Thaliana written by Jonathan David Werner and published by . This book was released on 2004 with total page 386 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Book Synopsis Natural Variation for Growth in Arabidopsis Thaliana by : Daniela-Loredana Vlad
Download or read book Natural Variation for Growth in Arabidopsis Thaliana written by Daniela-Loredana Vlad and published by . This book was released on 2009 with total page 178 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Not only do plants represent an essential food source, but they are also an important source of renewable materials and molecules. In this context, plant growth, and consequently yield, is an important parameter of tomorrow's agriculture and society in many ways. Also fundamental to our understanding of evolution, plant growth is an extremely complex process under the influence of many factors from virtually any aspects of plant biology. The genetic analysis of natural variation allows the discovery of allelic variants at previously known genes or new genes affecting quantitative traits. We aimed at identifying genes underlying natural variation for shoot growth using a quantitative genetics approach (QTL mapping). The analysis of shoot growth variation from a Bur-0 x Col-0 Recombinant Inbred Line (RIL) set, led to the identification of two loci, SG1 (Shoot Growth-1) mapped at the top of chromosome 5 and SG3 (Shoot Growth-3) results from allelic variation in the genomic region underlying a QTL predicted between 14 and 15 Mb on chromosome 4. SG3 was not visible in the RIL population due to an epistatic interaction with another locus SG3i (SG3-interactor), and because it was very likely counter-selected. Fine-mapping and complementation revealed the gene responsible for the phenotype, a stromal oxidoreductase affecting photosynthetic electron transfer rate, which was duplicated in Bur-0 but not in Col-0. We show that natural variation at the SG3 locus is explained by the divergent evolution of a (dispersed) single gene duplication causing the transposition of the functional copy of the gene in Bur (compared to Col). The presence of the Col allele at SG1 has severe phenotypic consequences. The candidate region for SG1 has been reduced to ~ 8 kb containing only one gene of unknown function and no major sequence polymorphism. On the other hand, the two alleles at SG1 show important DNA-methylation contrast. Even though we tend to think that SG1 is the effect of an epiallele, so far the genetic mechanism is not understood. The analysis of these QTLs revealed new genes affecting plant growth, and allows us to draw an always more complex picture of the architecture of quantitative traits.
Book Synopsis Annual Plant Reviews, Seed Development, Dormancy and Germination by : Kent Bradford
Download or read book Annual Plant Reviews, Seed Development, Dormancy and Germination written by Kent Bradford and published by John Wiley & Sons. This book was released on 2008-04-15 with total page 392 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The formation, dispersal and germination of seeds are crucial stages in the life cycles of gymnosperm and angiosperm plants. The unique properties of seeds, particularly their tolerance to desiccation, their mobility, and their ability to schedule their germination to coincide with times when environmental conditions are favorable to their survival as seedlings, have no doubt contributed significantly to the success of seed-bearing plants. Humans are also dependent upon seeds, which constitute the majority of the world’s staple foods (e.g., cereals and legumes). Seeds are an excellent system for studying fundamental developmental processes in plant biology, as they develop from a single fertilized zygote into an embryo and endosperm, in association with the surrounding maternal tissues. As genetic and molecular approaches have become increasingly powerful tools for biological research, seeds have become an attractive system in which to study a wide array of metabolic processes and regulatory systems. Seed Development, Dormancy and Germination provides a comprehensive overview of seed biology from the point of view of the developmental and regulatory processes that are involved in the transition from a developing seed through dormancy and into germination and seedling growth. It examines the complexity of the environmental, physiological, molecular and genetic interactions that occur through the life cycle of seeds, along with the concepts and approaches used to analyze seed dormancy and germination behavior. It also identifies the current challenges and remaining questions for future research. The book is directed at plant developmental biologists, geneticists, plant breeders, seed biologists and graduate students.
Book Synopsis Genetic Basis for Natural Variation in Flowering Time in Local Populations of Arabidopsis Thaliana by : Hayley Louise McCulloch
Download or read book Genetic Basis for Natural Variation in Flowering Time in Local Populations of Arabidopsis Thaliana written by Hayley Louise McCulloch and published by . This book was released on 2012 with total page pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Book Synopsis Decoding the Complexity of Natural Variation for Shoot Growth and Response to the Environment in Arabidopsis Thaliana by : Charlotte Trontin
Download or read book Decoding the Complexity of Natural Variation for Shoot Growth and Response to the Environment in Arabidopsis Thaliana written by Charlotte Trontin and published by . This book was released on 2013 with total page 0 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Genotypes adapted to contrasting environments are expected to behave differently when placed in common controlled conditions, if their sensitivity to environmental cues or intrinsic growth behaviour are set to different thresholds, or are limited at distinct levels. This allows natural variation to be exploited as an unlimited source of new alleles or genes for the study of the genetic basis of quantitative trait variation. My doctoral work focuses on analysing natural variation for shoot growth and response to the environment in A. thaliana. Natural variation analyses aim at understanding how molecular genetic or epigenetic diversity controls phenotypic variation at different scales and times of plant development and under different environmental conditions, and how selection or demographic processes influence the frequency of those molecular variants in populations for them to get adapted to their local environment. As such, the analysis of A. thaliana natural variation can be addressed using a variety of approaches, from genetics and molecular methods to ecology and evolutionary questions. During my PhD, I got the chance to tackle several of those aspects through my contributions to three independent projects which have in common to exploit A. thaliana natural variation. The first one is the analysis of the pattern of polymorphism from a set of 102 A. thaliana accessions at the MOT1 gene coding for a molybdate transporter (an essential micronutrient) and responsible for contrasted growth and fitness among accessions in response to Mo availability in the soil. I showed at different geographical scales that MOT1 pattern of polymorphisms is not consistent with neutral evolution and shows signs of diversifying selection. This work helped reinforce the hypothesis that in some populations, mutations in MOT1 have been selected to face soils rich in Mo and potentially deleterious despite their negative effect on Mo-limiting soils. The second project consists in the characterisation and functional analysis of two putative receptor-like kinases (RLKs) identified from their effect on shoot growth specifically under mannitol-supplemented media and not in response to other osmotic constraints. The function of such RLKs in A. thaliana, which is not known to synthesize mannitol was intriguing at first but, through different experiments, we built the hypothesis that those RLKs could be activated by the mannitol produced by some pathogens such as fungi and participate to plant defensive response. The third project, in collaboration with Michel Vincentz's team from CBMEG (Brasil) and Vincent Colot (IBENS, Paris), consists in the analysis of the occurrence of natural epigenetic variants of the QQS gene in different populations from Central Asia and their possible phenotypic and adaptive consequences. Overall, these analyses of the genetic and epigenetic molecular variation leading to the biomass phenotype(s) in interaction with the environment provide clues as to how and where in the pathways adaptation is shaping natural variation.
Book Synopsis Verifying Candidate Genes Underlying Flowering Time in Arabidopsis Thaliana Using TDNA Insertion Lines by : Veronica Ka-Ying Chong
Download or read book Verifying Candidate Genes Underlying Flowering Time in Arabidopsis Thaliana Using TDNA Insertion Lines written by Veronica Ka-Ying Chong and published by . This book was released on 2018 with total page 0 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Population genomic scan has emerged as a powerful tool in revealing regions in the genome that are potential targets of selection. Despite the success of genomic scans in identifying novel lists of loci underlying adaptation, few studies proceed to validate the function of these candidate genes. In this study, we used tDNA insertion lines to evaluate the effects of 31 candidate genes on flowering time in North American accessions of Arabidopsis thaliana. We compared the flowering time of tDNA insertion lines to a wildtype under long- and short-day conditions. Collectively, we validated the well-known effect of long-day conditions in accelerating flowering time and found that gene disruption caused by insertional mutagenesis tends to delay flowering. Finally, we identified six genes that significantly delayed flowering time under both long and short days, which provide invaluable opportunities for future work in investigating their role in controlling flowering time adaptation in angiosperms.
Download or read book Seeds written by J. Derek Bewley and published by Springer Science & Business Media. This book was released on 2012-10-23 with total page 400 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This updated and much revised third edition of Seeds: Physiology of Development, Germination and Dormancy provides a thorough overview of seed biology and incorporates much of the progress that has been made during the past fifteen years. With an emphasis on placing information in the context of the seed, this new edition includes recent advances in the areas of molecular biology of development and germination, as well as fresh insights into dormancy, ecophysiology, desiccation tolerance, and longevity. Authored by preeminent authorities in the field, this book is an invaluable resource for researchers, teachers, and students interested in the diverse aspects of seed biology.
Book Synopsis Genetic Analysis of Nitrogen Use Efficiency in Arabidopsis Thaliana by :
Download or read book Genetic Analysis of Nitrogen Use Efficiency in Arabidopsis Thaliana written by and published by . This book was released on 2019 with total page 123 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Nitrogen (N) is an abundant element on earth. It is a crucial macro-element for plant growth and development. The lack of N causes reduced shoot growth and photosynthesis, early flowering, increased lateral/primary root ratio, and anthocyanin accumulation. Farmers apply N fertilizers to deal with N shortage, however, it causes adverse effects on the environment. Plants are adapted to live under low N supply and can still sustain growth and reproduction. N use efficiency (NUE), shoot dry matter per shoot N content, is used to measure the adaptation to the N depletion. This research investigates the candidate genes, which are responsible for sub-optimal N supply adaptation by using Arabidopsis thaliana, as a model organism. 354 diverse accessions of a natural population, called as HapMap population, are screened under sub-optimal (1 mM) and optimal (5 mM) N (in the form of ammonium/nitrate) conditions. NUE, related agronomic traits (NRATs), and phenotypic plasticity are used to map quantitative trait loci (QTLs). Genome-wide association study (GWAS) is used as a mapping technique and identifies 28 QTLs. 20 accessions from HapMap population are reassessed to confirm extreme accessions in the population. Besides, positive correlation is observed between NUE and relative growth rate and between shoot N concentration and water content. Br-0 and Col-0, two distinct accessions on NUE, are selected as parental accessions for further QTL investigation using bi-parental linkage mapping. QTL mapping reveals seven loci in Br-0 and Col-0 RIL population. One locus, associated with the phenotypic plasticity of water content in GWAS and the shoot fresh weight in the bi-parental linkage mapping, is found to be co-located in both mapping results. This research indicates that the natural genetic variation in Arabidopsis thaliana has a great potential for investigation of NUE improvement in plants. Both GWAS and bi-parental linkage mapping use the natural genetic variation to identify QTLs associated with NUE, NRATs, and phenotypic plasticity.
Book Synopsis A Genetic and Molecular Analysis of Flowering Time in Arabidopsis Thaliana Using Natural Variation by : Salah El-Din Sayed Mohamed El-Assal
Download or read book A Genetic and Molecular Analysis of Flowering Time in Arabidopsis Thaliana Using Natural Variation written by Salah El-Din Sayed Mohamed El-Assal and published by . This book was released on 2002 with total page 140 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Book Synopsis The Quinoa Genome by : Sandra M. Schmöckel
Download or read book The Quinoa Genome written by Sandra M. Schmöckel and published by Springer Nature. This book was released on 2021-02-04 with total page 205 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This book focuses on quinoa, providing background information on its history, summarizing recent genetic and genomic advances, and offering directions for future research. Meeting the caloric and nutritional demands of our growing population will not only require increases in overall food production, but also the development of new crops that can be grown sustainably in agricultural environments that are increasingly susceptible to degradation. Quinoa is an ancient crop native to the Andean region of South America that has recently gained international attention because its seeds are high in protein, particularly in essential amino acids. Quinoa is also highly tolerant of abiotic stresses, including drought, frost and salinity. For these reasons, quinoa has the potential to help address issues of food security – a potential that was recognized when the United Nations declared 2013 the International Year of Quinoa. However, more effort is needed to improve quinoa agronomically and to understand the mechanisms of its abiotic stress tolerance; the recent development of genetic and genomic tools, including a reference genome sequence, will now help accelerate research in these areas.
Book Synopsis Annual Plant Reviews, Insect-Plant Interactions by : Claudia Voelckel
Download or read book Annual Plant Reviews, Insect-Plant Interactions written by Claudia Voelckel and published by John Wiley & Sons. This book was released on 2014-05-02 with total page 470 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This latest volume in Wiley Blackwell’s prestigious Annual Plant Reviews brings together articles that describe the biochemical, genetic, and ecological aspects of plant interactions with insect herbivores.. The biochemistry section of this outstanding volume includes reviews highlighting significant findings in the area of plant signalling cascades, recognition of herbivore-associated molecular patterns, sequestration of plant defensive metabolites and perception of plant semiochemicals by insects. Chapters in the genetics section are focused on genetic mapping of herbivore resistance traits and the analysis of transcriptional responses in both plants and insects. The ecology section includes chapters that describe plant-insect interactions at a higher level, including multitrophic interactions, investigations of the cost-benefit paradigm and the altitudinal niche-breadth hypothesis, and a re-evaluation of co-evolution in the light of recent molecular research. Written by many of the world’s leading researchers in these subjects, and edited by Claudia Voelckel and Georg Jander, this volume is designed for students and researchers with some background in plant molecular biology or ecology, who would like to learn more about recent advances or obtain a more in-depth understanding of this field. This volume will also be of great use and interest to a wide range of plant scientists and entomologists and is an essential purchase for universities and research establishments where biological sciences are studied and taught. To view details of volumes in Annual Plant Reviews, visit: www.wiley.com/go/apr Also available from Wiley: Plant Defense Dale Walters 9781405175890 Herbicides and Plant Physiology, 2nd Edn Andrew Cobb & John Reade 9781405129350
Book Synopsis Plant Responses to the Environment by : Peter M. Gresshoff
Download or read book Plant Responses to the Environment written by Peter M. Gresshoff and published by CRC Press. This book was released on 1993-07-23 with total page 212 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Plant Responses to the Environment covers the fundamental mechanisms of plant responses to biotic and abiotic environmental stimuli. By combining established disciplines like physiology and genetics with new approaches stemming from molecular biology and biophysics, a new synthesis is achieved. For example, this book deals with the effects of microgravity on plant development, and it provides an extensive analysis of plant perception and response to low oxygen and high ozone. New techniques such as those used for gene transfer using the biolistic gene gun approach in soybeans are described. Other topics considered include systemic acquired resistance (SAR) in plants and recent advances in understanding how legume roots perceive bacterial lipooligosaccharide signals. A glossary, subject index, and author index are also provided. Plant Responses to the Environment will be a valuable reference for plant physiologists, ecophysiologists, agronomists, plant molecular biologists, experimental botanists, and other researchers interested in the topic.
Book Synopsis Vernalization and Flowering Time: Celebrating 20 Years of FLC by : Richard Amasino
Download or read book Vernalization and Flowering Time: Celebrating 20 Years of FLC written by Richard Amasino and published by Frontiers Media SA. This book was released on 2021-11-30 with total page 183 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Book Synopsis The Flowering of Apomixis by : Yves Savidan
Download or read book The Flowering of Apomixis written by Yves Savidan and published by CIMMYT. This book was released on 2001 with total page 260 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
