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Gas Permeability Of Geosynthetic Clay Liners Under Various Conditions
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Book Synopsis Gas Permeability of Geosynthetic Clay Liners Under Various Conditions by : Thaveesak Vangpaisal
Download or read book Gas Permeability of Geosynthetic Clay Liners Under Various Conditions written by Thaveesak Vangpaisal and published by . This book was released on 2002 with total page pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Book Synopsis Measurement of Gas Permeability in Geosynthetic Clay Liners in Transient Flow Mode by : Heraldo Nunes Pitanga
Download or read book Measurement of Gas Permeability in Geosynthetic Clay Liners in Transient Flow Mode written by Heraldo Nunes Pitanga and published by . This book was released on 2011 with total page 7 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Geosynthetic clay liners (GCLs) are often selected as a part of the barrier layer for cover systems in solid waste landfills to prevent infiltration of rainfall and migration of biogas into the atmosphere. To address the ability of GCLs to mitigate gas flow through cover layers, this paper presents an apparatus and testing method to measure the gas permeability of non-saturated and strained GCLs in the laboratory. The test is performed following a transient gas flow regime, and the test results are interpreted using a simple analytical solution. A series of gas permeability tests was performed on a needle-punched GCL with a degree of saturation between 32 % and 47 %. The specimens were tested under a 20 kPa load and 1.3 % strain in the radial direction, whereas the gas flow was induced by a gas differential pressure of less than 4 kPa. The results show that both the apparatus and the testing method can provide a reliable, fast, and simple method to measure the gas permeability of GCLs.
Book Synopsis Advances in Geosynthetic Clay Liner Technology by : Robert E. Mackey
Download or read book Advances in Geosynthetic Clay Liner Technology written by Robert E. Mackey and published by ASTM International. This book was released on 2004 with total page 161 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Soon after the inception of ASTM D35.04 Subcommittee on Geosynthetic Clay Liners, the first symposium on Testing and Acceptance Criteria for Geosynthetic Clay Liners (GCLs), STP 1308, was held on 29 January 1996, in Atlanta, Georgia. The intention of the symposium was to bring together the current knowledge and understanding regarding this relatively new product used in containment systems. Since that symposium, numerous GCL standards have been developed along with a greater appreciation of the product's capabilities and limitations. ASTM D35 determined it was time to assess the current state of GCL technology to better address possible revisions of the present ASTM GCL standards and determine what new standards will be required in the future.
Book Synopsis Clay Geosynthetic Barriers by : H. Zanzinger
Download or read book Clay Geosynthetic Barriers written by H. Zanzinger and published by CRC Press. This book was released on 2022-01-27 with total page 412 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Clay geosynthetic barriers are most frequently used in environmental areas, such as landfill cover systems. This work discusses the durability and lifetime aspects of clay geosynthetic barriers related to the synthetic yarns and fibres.
Book Synopsis Testing and Acceptance Criteria for Geosynthetic Clay Liners by : Larry W. Well
Download or read book Testing and Acceptance Criteria for Geosynthetic Clay Liners written by Larry W. Well and published by ASTM International. This book was released on 1997 with total page 270 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: An engineering perspective on the liners, which are used as barriers for containing liquid and in conjunction with geomembranes in landfills and capping systems. Explore aspects of testing for shear strength and long-term creep, issues and methods of testing for hydraulic conductivity, and specifica
Book Synopsis Assessment of the Performance of Engineered Waste Containment Barriers by : National Research Council
Download or read book Assessment of the Performance of Engineered Waste Containment Barriers written by National Research Council and published by National Academies Press. This book was released on 2007-09-22 with total page 135 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: President Carter's 1980 declaration of a state of emergency at Love Canal, New York, recognized that residents' health had been affected by nearby chemical waste sites. The Resource Conservation and Recovery Act, enacted in 1976, ushered in a new era of waste management disposal designed to protect the public from harm. It required that modern waste containment systems use "engineered" barriers designed to isolate hazardous and toxic wastes and prevent them from seeping into the environment. These containment systems are now employed at thousands of waste sites around the United States, and their effectiveness must be continually monitored. Assessment of the Performance of Engineered Waste Containment Barriers assesses the performance of waste containment barriers to date. Existing data suggest that waste containment systems with liners and covers, when constructed and maintained in accordance with current regulations, are performing well thus far. However, they have not been in existence long enough to assess long-term (postclosure) performance, which may extend for hundreds of years. The book makes recommendations on how to improve future assessments and increase confidence in predictions of barrier system performance which will be of interest to policy makers, environmental interest groups, industrial waste producers, and industrial waste management industry.
Book Synopsis Geotechnical Practice for Waste Disposal by : D.E. Daniel
Download or read book Geotechnical Practice for Waste Disposal written by D.E. Daniel and published by Springer Science & Business Media. This book was released on 2012-12-06 with total page 686 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Earth scientists and geotechnical engineers are increasingly challenged to solve environmental problems related to waste disposal facilities and cleanup of contaminated sites. The effort has given rise to a new discipline of specialists in the field of environmental geotechnology. To be effective, environmental geotechnologists must not only be armed with the traditional knowledge of fields such as geology and civil engineering, but also be knowledgeable of principles of hydrogeology, chemistry, and biological processes. In addition, the environmental geotechnologist must be completely up to date on the often complex cadre of local and national regulations, must comprehend the often complex legal issues and sometimes mind-boggling financial impli cations of a project, and must be able to communicate effectively with a host of other technical specialists, regulatory officials, attorneys, local land owners, journalists, and others. The field of environmental geo technology will no doubt continue to offer unique challenges. The purpose of this book is to summarize the current state of practice in the field of environmental geotechnology. Part One covers broadly applicable principles such as hydrogeology, geochemistry, and con taminant transport in soil and rock. Part Two describes in detail the underlying principles for design and construction of new waste disposal facilities. Part Three covers techniques for site remediation. Finally, Part Four addresses the methodologies for monitoring. The topics of 'waste disposal' and 'site remediation' are extra ordinarily broad.
Book Synopsis Quality Requirements for Bentonite in Geosynthetic Clay Liners and the Validity of Test Methods by : K. von Maubeuge
Download or read book Quality Requirements for Bentonite in Geosynthetic Clay Liners and the Validity of Test Methods written by K. von Maubeuge and published by . This book was released on 2004 with total page 18 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: GCLs are primarily used to seal against water, because its very low permeability property. This very good sealing performance is caused by bentonite as sealing material, which is interspersed between two geotextiles as an approximately 10 mm thin layer of powder or granulate. The objective of performance tests of new bentonites in GCLs, is primarily to investigate how low the water permeability of the bentonite is, after its processing into a pulverised or granulate form, as it is required for their use in GCLs. The production of a test GCL for the purpose of performance testing, is very costly. Mainly due to economical reasons, producers of bentonites and GCLs are anxious to be able to predict the permeability by use of simpler test methods. The laboratory tests for bentonites commonly applied are methylene blue test, the fluid loss test ASTM D 5891, and the swelling volume after ASTM D 5890. However, they are only to a limited extend suitable for this purpose. But even highly sophisticated mineralogical and chemical investigations like x-ray diffraction and ion distribution are not helpful to forecast the water permeability value in the produced GCL.
Book Synopsis Unsaturated Soils: Research & Applications by : Adrian R. Russell
Download or read book Unsaturated Soils: Research & Applications written by Adrian R. Russell and published by CRC Press. This book was released on 2020-09-24 with total page 1400 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This book contains the contributions to the Second European Conference on Unsaturated Soils, E-UNSAT 2012, held in Napoli, Italy, in June 2012, and includes more than one hundred papers, addressing three thematic areas: experimental, modelling, and engineering.
Book Synopsis Geosynthetic Clay Liners by : Erwin Gartung
Download or read book Geosynthetic Clay Liners written by Erwin Gartung and published by CRC Press. This book was released on 2020-08-26 with total page 254 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This text, based on an international symposium held in 1994, covers geosynthetic clay liners (GCL), a type of geosynthetic material which blends natural soil and geosynthetics in the form of a composite barrier-system. Environmental applications have been a major use of GCL.
Book Synopsis Multi-Component Geosynthetic Clay Liners by : K. P. von Maubeuge
Download or read book Multi-Component Geosynthetic Clay Liners written by K. P. von Maubeuge and published by . This book was released on 2013 with total page 14 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: In the following publication results from overlap testing of polyethylene(PE) coated geosynthetic clay liners (GCL) are presented and discussed. A permeation can only occur through the overlaps. Overlaps were tested with a width of 300 mm and 150 mm. The wider overlaps did not show any permeation at all, however minor permeation was detected with the 150 mm wide overlaps. Additionally a series of overlaps were performed by taping the overlaps with a 50 mm wide tape. The overlapped GCL was 150 mm and 75 mm. Under these test conditions no permeation was detected. Further the research was carried out with perforated holes in the PE coating. In this case the water distribution in the area of the hole(s) was investigate. Aim of this study was to better understand the permeation in the overlap area as well through perforated holes.
Book Synopsis Unsaturated Soils: Research & Applications by : Nasser Khalili
Download or read book Unsaturated Soils: Research & Applications written by Nasser Khalili and published by CRC Press. This book was released on 2014-06-05 with total page 1872 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Unsaturated Soils: Research and Applications contains 247 papers presented at 6th International Conference on Unsaturated Soils (UNSAT2014, Sydney, Australia, 2-4 July 2014). The two volumes provide an overview of recent experimental and theoretical advances in a wide variety of topics related to unsaturated soil mechanics:- Unsaturated Soil Behavi
Book Synopsis Fluid Migration Through Geomembrane Seams and Through the Interface Between Geomembrane and Geosynthetic Clay Liner by : Madalena C. P. Barroso
Download or read book Fluid Migration Through Geomembrane Seams and Through the Interface Between Geomembrane and Geosynthetic Clay Liner written by Madalena C. P. Barroso and published by . This book was released on 2005 with total page pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Composite liners are used to limit the contamination migration from landfills. Their successful performance is closely related with the geomembrane as it provides the primary barrier to diffusive and advective transport of contaminants. Critical issues on the performance of the geomembranes are the seams between geomembrane panels and the inevitable defects resulting, for instance, from inadequate installation activities. In landfills, where high density polyethylene geomembranes are usually used, seams are typically made by the thermal-hot dual wedge method. A literature review on quality control of the seams showed that, in situ, fluid-tightness of seams is evaluated in qualitative terms (pass/failure criteria), despite their importance to ensure appropriate performance of the geomembranes as barriers. In addition, a synthesis of studies on geomembrane defects indicated that defects varying in density from 0.7 to 15.3 per hectare can be found in landfills. Defects represent preferential flow paths for leachate. Various authors have developed analytical solutions and empirical equations for predicting the flow rate through composite liners due to defects in the geomembrane. The validity of these methods for composite liners comprising a geomembrane over a geosynthetic clay liner (GCL) over a compacted clay liner (CCL) has never been studied from an experimental point of view. To address the problem of fluid migration through the geomembrane seams, an attempt is made to provide a test method, herein termed as "gas permeation pouch test", for assessing the quality of the thermal-hot dual wedge seams. This test consists of pressurising the air channel formed by the double seam with a gas to a specific pressure and, then, measuring the decrease in pressure over time. From the pressure decrease, both the gas permeation coefficients, in steady state conditions, and the time constant, in unsteady state conditions, can be estimated. Experiments were carried out both in laboratory and in field conditions to study the suitability of this test to assess the quality of the seams in situ. The results obtained suggest that it is possible to assess the quality of the geomembrane seams from a non-destructive test conducted in situ by determining the time constant. To address the problem of fluid migration through geomembrane defects, composite liners comprising a geomembrane with a circular hole over a GCL over a CCL were simulated in tests at three scales. Flow rates at the interface between the geomembrane and the GCL were measured. Correspondent interface transmissivity was estimated based on final flow rates and observation of the wetted area. A parametric study was performed to evaluate the influence of the prehydration of the GCL, the hydraulic head on top of the liner and the confining stress over the liner system, on the flow rate through composite liners due to defects in the geomembrane, as well as to check the feasibility of an extrapolation of the results obtained on small-scale tests to field conditions. It was found that the transmissivity does not seem to be affected by the prehydration of the GCLs when low confining stresses were used. It also does not seem to be influenced by the increase in confining stress when non-prehydrated GCLs are used. Finally, the transmissivity does not seem to be significantly affected by the increase in hydraulic head. The results also suggest that predictions on flow rates though composite liners due to defects in the geomembrane, which are based on transmissivity values obtained in small scale tests, are conservative. Lastly, based on the transmissivities obtained in this study, empirical equations for predicting the flow rate through composite liners consisting of a geomembrane over a GCL over a CCL are proposed. Flow rates calculated using these equations are in better agreement with the flow rates measured experimentally than the empirical equations reported in literature. The new empirical equations provide design engineers with simple and accurate tools for calculating the flow rates through the above mentioned type of composite liners.
Book Synopsis Fundamentals of Geoenvironmental Engineering by : Abdel-Mohsen O. Mohamed
Download or read book Fundamentals of Geoenvironmental Engineering written by Abdel-Mohsen O. Mohamed and published by Butterworth-Heinemann. This book was released on 2017-10-31 with total page 710 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Fundamentals of Geoenvironmental Engineering: Understanding Soil, Water, and Pollutant Interaction and Transport examines soil-water-pollutant interaction, including physico-chemical processes that occur when soil is exposed to various contaminants. Soil characteristics relevant to remedial techniques are explored, providing foundations for the correct process selection. Built upon the authors' extensive experience in research and practice, the book updates and expands the content to include current processes and pollutants. The book discusses propagation of soil pollution and soil characteristics relevant to remedial techniques. Practicing geotechnical and environmental engineers can apply the theory and case studies in the book directly to current projects. The book first discusses the stages of economic development and their connections to the sustainability of the environment. Subsequent chapters cover waste and its management, soil systems, soil-water and soil-pollutant interactions, subsurface transport of pollutants, role of groundwater, nano-, micro- and biologic pollutants, soil characteristics that impact pollution diffusion, and potential remediation processes like mechanical, electric, magnetic, hydraulic and dielectric permittivity of soils. Presents a clear understanding of the propagation of pollutants in soils Identifies the physico-chemical processes in soils Covers emerging pollutants (nano-, micro- and biologic contaminants) Features in-depth coverage of hydraulic, electrical, magnetic and dielectric permittivity characteristics of soils and their impact on remedial technologies
Download or read book Handbook of Clay Science written by and published by Newnes. This book was released on 2013-07-23 with total page 1748 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The first edition of the Handbook of Clay Science published in 2006 assembled the scattered literature on the varied and diverse aspects that make up the discipline of clay science. The topics covered range from the fundamental structures (including textures) and properties of clays and clay minerals, through their environmental, health and industrial applications, to their analysis and characterization by modern instrumental techniques. Also included are the clay-microbe interaction, layered double hydroxides, zeolites, cement hydrates, and genesis of clay minerals as well as the history and teaching of clay science. The 2e adds new information from the intervening 6 years and adds some important subjects to make this the most comprehensive and wide-ranging coverage of clay science in one source in the English language. Provides up-to-date, comprehensive information in a single source Covers applications of clays, as well as the instrumental analytical techniques Provides a truly multidisciplinary approach to clay science
Book Synopsis From Landfill Gas to Energy by : Vasudevan Rajaram
Download or read book From Landfill Gas to Energy written by Vasudevan Rajaram and published by CRC Press. This book was released on 2011-12-15 with total page 408 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Converting old landfills to energy producing sites, while capturing emitted greenhouse gases, has faced numerous technical, financial and social challenges and developments lately. Also, the re-mining of landfills to recover useful land in dense urban areas and proper landfill closure has been a subject of discussion and investigation. Designed as an overview text for landfill management from cradle to grave, this volume’s content stretches from the fundamentals to the rather indepth details. By putting down their joint international experience, the authors have intended to both guide and inspire the user for his or her landfill project. Introducing the fundamental concepts of landfill gas management and its needs and importance in the present world energy scenario, this accessible reference volume presents key landfill gas management techniques at regional, national and global levels. In detail, it gives an account of the recent technologies available for landfill gas treatment and its utilization. It summarizes landfill gas prediction models developed in various parts of the world and details their adequacy in various field conditions. Covering both landfill remediation aspects and economic considerations while selecting a landfill gas to energy utilization project, the reader gets familiar with the practical aspects of converting a landfill site. Also, the challenges faced by municipalities and landfill operators in recovering landfill gas as an energy source are described, and solutions are suggested for solving them effectively. These include practical execution problems, governmental issues, and developing policies to encourage investment. The volume also includes various case studies of landfill gas-to-energy utilization projects from around the world, which can be reviewed and customized for the reader’s own application with the help of extensive reference section. Intended as an overview text for advanced students and researchers in the relevant engineering and technology fields (Environmental, Civil, Geotechnical, Chemical, Mechanical and Electrical), this book will also be particularly helpful to practitioners such as municipal managers, landfill operators, designers, solid waste management engineers, urban planners, professional consultants, scientists, non-governmental organizations and entrepreneurs.
Book Synopsis Solid Waste Landfilling by : Raffaello Cossu
Download or read book Solid Waste Landfilling written by Raffaello Cossu and published by . This book was released on 2018-11-09 with total page 1180 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Solid Waste Landfilling: Processes, Technology and Environmental Impacts provides interdisciplinary information on the concepts, processes and various technologies for promoting stabilization and minimizing environmental impacts in landfills. The book starts with the methods of pre-treatment of waste, and then continues through long-term aftercare and remediation. As the main challenges in waste management are the reduction and proper treatment of waste and the appropriate use of waste streams, the book satisfies the needs of a modern landfill, covering waste pre-treatment, in situ treatment, long-term behavior, closure, aftercare, environmental impact and sustainability. The book is written for practitioners who need specific information on the options available for landfill construction and operation, but also addresses the needs of those who are concerned about the possible return of these sites to landscapes and their subsequent uses for future generations. Includes input by international contributors from a vast number of disciplines Provides worldwide approaches and technologies Showcases the interdisciplinary nature of the topic Focuses on sustainability, covering the lifecycle of landfills under the concept of minimizing environmental impact Presents knowledge of the legal framework and economic aspects of landfilling Features editors who are key researchers on landfilling, and who organize the annual Sardinia Symposium, the most renowned symposium in waste management