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Galvani Volta
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Download or read book Galvani-Volta written by Bern Dibner and published by . This book was released on 1952 with total page 56 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book Shocking Frogs written by Marco Piccolino and published by Oxford University Press, USA. This book was released on 2013 with total page 399 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: "... and still we could never suppose that fortune were to be so friendly to us, such as to allow us to be perhaps the first in handling, as it were, the electricity concealed in nerves, in extracting it from nerves, and, in some way, in putting it under everyone's eyes." With these words, Luigi Galvani announced to the world in 1791 his discovery that nervous conduction and muscle excitation are electrical phenomena. The result of more than years of intense experimental work, Galvani's milestone achievement concluded a thousand-year scientific search, in a field long dominated by the antiquated beliefs of classical science. Besides laying the grounds for the development of the modern neurosciences, Galvani's discovery also brought to light an invention that would forever change humankind's everyday life: the electric battery of Alessandro Volta. In an accessible style, written for specialists and general readers alike, Shocking Frogs retraces the steps of both scientific discoveries, starting with the initial hypotheses of the Enlightenment on the involvement of electricity in life processes. So doing, it also reveals the inconsistency of the many stereotypes that an uncritical cultural tradition has imparted to the legacies of Galvani and Volta, and proposes a decidedly new image of these monumental figures.
Book Synopsis The Ambiguous Frog by : Marcello Pera
Download or read book The Ambiguous Frog written by Marcello Pera and published by Princeton University Press. This book was released on 2014-07-14 with total page 233 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: How do ideas become accepted by the scientific community? How and why do scientists choose among empirically equivalent theories? In this pathbreaking book translated from the Italian, Marcello Pera addresses these questions by exploring the politics, rhetoric, scientific practices, and metaphysical assumptions that entered into the famous Galvani-Volta controversy of the late eighteenth century. This lively debate erupted when two scientists, each examining the muscle contractions of a dissected frog in contact with metal, came up with opposing but experimentally valid explanations of the phenomenon. Luigi Galvani, a doctor and physiologist, believed that he had discovered animal electricity (electrical body fluid existing naturally in a state of disequilibrium), while the physicist Alessandro Volta attributed the contractions to ordinary physical electricity. Beginning with the electrical concepts understood by scientists in the 1790s, Pera traces the careers of Galvani and Volta and explains their laboratory procedures. He shows that their controversy derived from two basic, irreducible interpretations of the proper nature of a common domain: Galvani saw the frog phenomenon as the work of biological organs, Volta as that of a physical apparatus. The initial preference for Volta's theory, maintains Pera, depended not on clear-cut methodological rules, but on a dialectical dispute for which the renowned physicist was better equipped, partly because he shared the dominant metaphysical views of his time. Originally published in 1991. The Princeton Legacy Library uses the latest print-on-demand technology to again make available previously out-of-print books from the distinguished backlist of Princeton University Press. These editions preserve the original texts of these important books while presenting them in durable paperback and hardcover editions. The goal of the Princeton Legacy Library is to vastly increase access to the rich scholarly heritage found in the thousands of books published by Princeton University Press since its founding in 1905.
Download or read book Galvani's Spark written by Alan McComas and published by Oxford University Press. This book was released on 2011-08-08 with total page 416 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Galvani's Spark chronicles the gradual understanding of the nerve impulse which is the basis of all thoughts, sensations and actions. The story begins with Luigi Galvani's chance observation of a spark from a friction machine causing a frog's leg to twitch from across the room. The accurate recording and the understanding of the properties of the nerve fiber membrane that makes the impulse possible became the objectives of neuroscientists for over 200 years. The author, Alan J. McComas finely interweaves the stories, the challenges, and the controversies of the most prominent figures in neuroscience, from the histological descriptions of nerve cells by Cajal to the discovery of a three-dimensional structure of ion channels in cell membranes by MacKinnon. Along the way he details the first recordings of the impulse with a cathode ray oscilloscope by Gasser and Erlanger, Adrian's discovery that stimulus intensity is coded by the frequency of nerve impulses, and Hodgkin and Huxley's brilliant voltage clamp experiments, amongst many others. The recognition by Galvani that muscles and nerves have an electrical component triggered the field of neurophysiology and in turn has produced some of the greatest discoveries in neuroscience. 16 investigators of the nerve impulse went on to win or share Nobel prizes and this book not only emphasizes their work but also traces their brilliant careers. For anyone interested in the nervous system and the history of neuroscience, Galvani's Spark: The Story of the Nerve Impulse is essential reading.
Download or read book Luigi Galvani written by Bern Dibner and published by . This book was released on 1971 with total page 36 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Book Synopsis The Gestation of German Biology by : John H. Zammito
Download or read book The Gestation of German Biology written by John H. Zammito and published by University of Chicago Press. This book was released on 2018 with total page 532 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This book explores how and when biology emerged as a science in Germany. Beginning with the debate about organism between Georg Ernst Stahl and Gottfried Leibniz at the start of the eighteenth century, John Zammito traces the development of a new research program, culminating in 1800, in the formulation of developmental morphology. He shows how over the course of the century, naturalists undertook to transform some domains of natural history into a distinct branch of natural philosophy, which attempted not only to describe but to explain the natural world and became, ultimately, the science of biology.
Book Synopsis Brain, Mind and Medicine: by : Harry Whitaker
Download or read book Brain, Mind and Medicine: written by Harry Whitaker and published by Springer Science & Business Media. This book was released on 2007-10-27 with total page 372 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: No books have been published on the practice of neuroscience in the eighteenth century, a time of transition and discovery in science and medicine. This volume explores neuroscience and reviews developments in anatomy, physiology, and medicine in the era some call the Age of Reason, and others the Enlightenment. Topics include how neuroscience adopted electricity as the nerve force, how disorders such as aphasia and hysteria were treated, Mesmerism, and more.
Book Synopsis Lectures on Physiology by : Augustus Désiré Waller
Download or read book Lectures on Physiology written by Augustus Désiré Waller and published by . This book was released on 1897 with total page 166 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Book Synopsis Introduction to Membrane Noise by : Louis J. DeFelice
Download or read book Introduction to Membrane Noise written by Louis J. DeFelice and published by Springer Science & Business Media. This book was released on 2012-12-06 with total page 511 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: I started working on membrane noise in 1967 with David Firth in the Department of Physiology at McGill University. I began writing this book in the summer of 1975 at Emory University under a grant from the National Library of Medicine. Part of the writing was also done at the Marine Biological Laboratory Library in Woods Hole and in the Library of the Stazione Zoologica in Naples. I wrote this book because in the intervening years membrane noise became a definable subdivision of membrane biophysics and seemed to deserve a uniform treatment in one volume. Not surprisingly, this turned out to be much more difficult than I had imagined and some areas of the subject that ought to be included have been left out, either for reasons of space or because of my own inability to keep up with all aspects of the field. This book is written for biologists interested in noise and for physicists and electrical engineers interested in biology. The first three chapters attempt to bring both groups to a common point of understanding of electronics and electrophysiology necessary to the study of noise and impedance in membranes. These chapters arose out of a course given over a period of six years to electrical engineers from the Georgia Institute of Technology and biologists from Emory University School of Medicine.
Book Synopsis The 17th and 18th Centuries by : Frank N. Magill
Download or read book The 17th and 18th Centuries written by Frank N. Magill and published by Routledge. This book was released on 2013-09-13 with total page 3274 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Each volume of the Dictionary of World Biography contains 250 entries on the lives of the individuals who shaped their times and left their mark on world history. This is not a who's who. Instead, each entry provides an in-depth essay on the life and career of the individual concerned. Essays commence with a quick reference section that provides basic facts on the individual's life and achievements. The extended biography places the life and works of the individual within an historical context, and the summary at the end of each essay provides a synopsis of the individual's place in history. All entries conclude with a fully annotated bibliography.
Book Synopsis Bioimpedance and Bioelectricity Basics by : Orjan G. Martinsen
Download or read book Bioimpedance and Bioelectricity Basics written by Orjan G. Martinsen and published by Academic Press. This book was released on 2014-08-14 with total page 585 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Bioimpedance and Bioelectricity Basics, 3rd Edition paves an easier and more efficient way for people seeking basic knowledge about this discipline. This book's focus is on systems with galvanic contact with tissue, with specific detail on the geometry of the measuring system. Both authors are internationally recognized experts in the field. The highly effective, easily followed organization of the second edition has been retained, with a new discussion of state-of-the-art advances in data analysis, modelling, endogenic sources, tissue electrical properties, electrodes, instrumentation and measurements. This book provides the basic knowledge of electrochemistry, electronic engineering, physics, physiology, mathematics, and model thinking that is needed to understand this key area in biomedicine and biophysics. Covers tissue immittance from the ground up in an intuitive manner, supported with figures and examples New chapters on electrodes and statistical analysis Discusses in detail dielectric and electrochemical aspects, geometry and instrumentation as well as electrical engineering concepts of network theory, providing a cross-disciplinary resource for engineers, life scientists, and physicists
Book Synopsis The Chemistry Redemption by : Conal Boyce
Download or read book The Chemistry Redemption written by Conal Boyce and published by Lulu.com. This book was released on 2010-07-09 with total page 504 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The book's focus is basic chemistry, but along the way it branches out into full-length chapters/appendices on particle physics, mathematics, information theory, probability and philosophy-of-science. In the end, it is more philosophical treatise than chemistry text, although it does include a number of hands-on kitchen chemistry experiments, as an integral part of the advocated philosophy.
Book Synopsis The Telegraph Manual: a Complete History and Description of the Semaphoric, Electric and Magnetic Telegraphs of Europe, Asia, Africa, and America, Ancient and Modern, Etc by : Taliaferro Preston SHAFFNER
Download or read book The Telegraph Manual: a Complete History and Description of the Semaphoric, Electric and Magnetic Telegraphs of Europe, Asia, Africa, and America, Ancient and Modern, Etc written by Taliaferro Preston SHAFFNER and published by . This book was released on 1859 with total page 886 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Book Synopsis The Britannica Guide to Electricity and Magnetism by : Erik Gregersen Associate Editor, Astronomy and Space Exploration
Download or read book The Britannica Guide to Electricity and Magnetism written by Erik Gregersen Associate Editor, Astronomy and Space Exploration and published by The Rosen Publishing Group, Inc. This book was released on 2011-01-15 with total page 293 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Introduces electricity and magnetism and profiles leading figures in electromagnetic science.
Book Synopsis A History of England from the Conclusion of the Great War in 1815 by : Sir Spencer Walpole
Download or read book A History of England from the Conclusion of the Great War in 1815 written by Sir Spencer Walpole and published by . This book was released on 1886 with total page 648 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Book Synopsis A Little History of Science by : William Bynum
Download or read book A Little History of Science written by William Bynum and published by Yale University Press. This book was released on 2012-10-15 with total page 271 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Science is fantastic. It tells us about the infinite reaches of space, the tiniest living organism, the human body, the history of Earth. People have always been doing science because they have always wanted to make sense of the world and harness its power. From ancient Greek philosophers through Einstein and Watson and Crick to the computer-assisted scientists of today, men and women have wondered, examined, experimented, calculated, and sometimes made discoveries so earthshaking that people understood the world—or themselves—in an entirely new way. This inviting book tells a great adventure story: the history of science. It takes readers to the stars through the telescope, as the sun replaces the earth at the center of our universe. It delves beneath the surface of the planet, charts the evolution of chemistry's periodic table, introduces the physics that explain electricity, gravity, and the structure of atoms. It recounts the scientific quest that revealed the DNA molecule and opened unimagined new vistas for exploration. Emphasizing surprising and personal stories of scientists both famous and unsung, A Little History of Science traces the march of science through the centuries. The book opens a window on the exciting and unpredictable nature of scientific activity and describes the uproar that may ensue when scientific findings challenge established ideas. With delightful illustrations and a warm, accessible style, this is a volume for young and old to treasure together.
Book Synopsis The Natural and the Human by : Stephen Gaukroger
Download or read book The Natural and the Human written by Stephen Gaukroger and published by Oxford University Press. This book was released on 2016 with total page 411 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Stephen Gaukroger presents an original account of the development of science and our understanding of ourselves during a period which saw a fundamental shift in how the role of science was seen. At the core of the shift lies the aim of understanding human behaviour and motivations in empirical rather than theological and metaphysical terms.