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Fundamental Mechanisms Of Roughening And Smoothing During Thin Film Deposition
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Book Synopsis Fundamental Mechanisms of Roughening and Smoothing During Thin Film Deposition by :
Download or read book Fundamental Mechanisms of Roughening and Smoothing During Thin Film Deposition written by and published by . This book was released on 2016 with total page 7 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: In this research program, we have explored the fundamental limits for thin film deposition in both crystalline and amorphous (i.e. non-crystalline) materials systems. For vacuum-based physical deposition processes such as sputter deposition, the background gas pressure of the inert gas (usually argon) used as the process gas has been found to be a key variable. Both a roughness transition and stress transition as a function of pressure have been linked to a common mechanism involving collisions of energetic particles from the deposition source with the process inert gas. As energetic particles collide with gas molecules in the deposition process they lose their energy rapidly if the pressure (and background gas density) is above a critical value. Both roughness and stress limit important properties of thin films for applications. In the area of epitaxial growth we have also discovered a related effect; there is a critical pressure below which highly crystalline layers grow in a layer-by-layer mode. This effect is also though to be due to energetic particle thermalization and scattering. Several other important effects such as the observation of coalescence dominated growth has been observed. This mode can be likened to the behavior of two-dimensional water droplets on the hood of a car during a rain storm; as the droplets grow and touch each other they tend to coalesce rapidly into new larger circular puddles, and this process proceeds exponentially as larger puddles overtake smaller ones and also merge with other large puddles. This discovery will enable more accurate simulations and modeling of epitaxial growth processes. We have also observed that epitaxial films undergo a roughening transition as a function of thickness, which is attributed to strain induced by the crystalline lattice mismatch with the substrate crystal. In addition, we have studied another physical deposition process called pulsed laser deposition. It differs from sputter deposition due to the pulsed nature of the deposition where particles arrive at the growth surface in an interval of a few microseconds. We have observed effects such as transient formation of two dimensional islands on elemental crystalline surfaces. Pulsed deposition may also lead to non-equilibrium phases in some cases, such as the observation anomalously high tetragonality for ferroelectric thin films. All of the results described above feature in-situ synchrotron X-ray scattering as the main experimental method, which has become an indispensable technique for observing the kinetics of structures forming in real-time. We have also investigated in-situ coherent X-ray scattering and have developed methods to characterize temporal correlations that are not possible to observe with low-coherence X-rays. A high profile result of this work is a new technique to monitor defect propagation velocities in thin films. This has practical significance since defects limit the properties of thin films and it is desirable to understand their properties and origin in order to control them for practical applications. More broadly, amorphous thin films and multilayers have applications in optical devices, including mirrors and filters. Epitaxial thin films and multilayers have applications in electronic devices such as ferroelectric multilayers for non-volatile data storage, and thermoelectric nanostructures for energy conversion. Our progress in this project points the way for improved deposition methods and for improved simulation and modeling of thin film deposition processes for nanoscale control of materials with novel applications in these areas.
Book Synopsis Fundamental Mechanisms of Interface Roughness by :
Download or read book Fundamental Mechanisms of Interface Roughness written by and published by . This book was released on 2009 with total page 3 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Publication quality results were obtained for several experiments and materials systems including: (i) Patterning and smoothening of sapphire surfaces by energetic Ar+ ions. Grazing Incidence Small Angle X-ray Scattering (GISAXS) experiments were performed in the system at the National Synchrotron Light Source (NSLS) X21 beamline. Ar+ ions in the energy range from 300 eV to 1000 eV were used to produce ripples on the surfaces of single-crystal sapphire. It was found that the ripple wavelength varies strongly with the angle of incidence of the ions, which increase significantly as the angle from normal is varied from 55° to 35°. A smooth region was found for ion incidence less than 35° away from normal incidence. In this region a strong smoothening mechanism with strength proportional to the second derivative of the height of the surface was found to be responsible for the effect. The discovery of this phase transition between stable and unstable regimes as the angle of incidence is varied has also stimulated new work by other groups in the field. (ii) Growth of Ge quantum dots on Si(100) and (111). We discovered the formation of quantum wires on 4° misoriented Si(111) using real-time GISAXS during the deposition of Ge. The results represent the first time-resolved GISAXS study of Ge quantum dot formation. (iii) Sputter deposition of amorphous thin films and multilayers composed of WSi2 and Si. Our in-situ GISAXS experiments reveal fundamental roughening and smoothing phenomena on surfaces during film deposition. The main results of this work is that the WSi2 layers actually become smoother during deposition due to the smoothening effect of energetic particles in the sputter deposition process.
Book Synopsis Handbook of Optical Properties by : Rolf E. Hummel
Download or read book Handbook of Optical Properties written by Rolf E. Hummel and published by CRC Press. This book was released on 1995-02-24 with total page 378 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Thin Films for Optical Coating emphasizes the applications of thin films, deposition of thin films, and thin film characterization. Unlike monographs on this subject, this book presents the views of many expert authors. Individual chapters span a wide arc of topics within this field of study. The book offers an introduction to usual and unusual applications of optical thin films, treating in a more qualitative way general topics such as anticounterfeiting coatings, decorative coatings, light switches, contrast enhancement coatings, multiplexers, optical memories, and more. Contributors review thin film media for optical data storage, UV broadband and narrow-band filters, and optically active thin film coatings. Ion beam sputtering and magnetron sputtering deposition methods are described in detail. Characterization techniques are provided, including Raman spectroscopy and absorption measurements. The book also offers theories on light scattering of thin dielectric films and the electromagnetic properties of nanocermet thin films. This reference incorporates recent research by the individual authors with their views of current developments in their respective fields. Of particular interest to the reader will be an assessment of the historical developments of thin film physics written by one of the fathers of thin film technology, Professor M. Auwärter.
Book Synopsis Handbook of Deposition Technologies for Films and Coatings by : Rointan Framroze Bunshah
Download or read book Handbook of Deposition Technologies for Films and Coatings written by Rointan Framroze Bunshah and published by William Andrew. This book was released on 1994 with total page 888 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This second edition, edited by the world-renowned Dr. Rointain Bunshah, is an extensive update of the many improvements in deposition technologies, mechanisms, and applications. Considerably more material was added in Plasma Assisted Vapor Deposition processes, as well as Metallurgical Coating Applications.
Book Synopsis Handbook of Sputter Deposition Technology by : Kiyotaka Wasa
Download or read book Handbook of Sputter Deposition Technology written by Kiyotaka Wasa and published by William Andrew. This book was released on 2012-11-20 with total page 658 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This thoroughly updated new edition includes an entirely new team of contributing authors with backgrounds specializing in the various new applications of sputtering technology. It forms a bridge between fundamental theory and practical application, giving an insight into innovative new materials, devices and systems. Organized into three parts for ease of use, this Handbook introduces the fundamentals of thin films and sputtering deposition, explores the theory and practices of this field, and also covers new technology such as nano-functional materials and MEMS. Wide varieties of functional thin film materials and processing are described, and experimental data is provided with detailed examples and theoretical descriptions. A strong applications focus, covering current and emerging technologies, including nano-materials and MEMS (microelectrolmechanical systems) for energy, environments, communications, and/or bio-medical field. New chapters on computer simulation of sputtering and MEMS completes the update and insures that the new edition includes the most current and forward-looking coverage available All applications discussed are supported by theoretical discussions, offering readers both the "how" and the "why" of each technique 40% revision: the new edition includes an entirely new team of contributing authors with backgrounds specializing in the various new applications that are covered in the book and providing the most up-to-date coverage available anywhere
Book Synopsis Mechanisms of Thin Film Evolution: Volume 317 by : Steven M. Yalisove
Download or read book Mechanisms of Thin Film Evolution: Volume 317 written by Steven M. Yalisove and published by . This book was released on 1994-05-11 with total page 664 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The MRS Symposium Proceeding series is an internationally recognised reference suitable for researchers and practitioners.
Book Synopsis The Physics of Complex Systems by : F. Mallamace
Download or read book The Physics of Complex Systems written by F. Mallamace and published by IOS Press. This book was released on 1997 with total page 802 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This volume focuses on the area of the physics of complex systems and provides both an overview of the field and more detailed examination of those topics within the field that are currently of greatest interest to researchers. The properties of complex systems play an important role in a variety of different and overlapping areas in physics, chemistry, biology, mathematics and technology. The research field of complex systems is very broad, but this volume attempts to be comprehensive. This book is a useful reference work for researchers in this area, whether graduate students or advanced academics. Up-to-date reviews of cutting-edge topics are provided, compiled by leading authorities and designed to both broaden the reader's insight and encourage the exploration of new problems in related fields. An overview of the present status of the physics of complex systems is provided on the following general topics: (1) scaling behaviours; (2) supramolecular systems; (3) aggregation, aggregation kinetics and disorderly growth mechanisms; (4) granularly matter; (5) polymers, associating polymers, polyelectrolytes and gels; (6) amphiphiles, emulsions, colloids, membranes and interface phenomena; (7) molecular motors; (8) phase separation and out of equilibrium dynamics; (9) turbulence, chaos and chaotic dynamics; (10) glass transition, supercooled fluids and (11) geometrically constrained dynamics.
Book Synopsis Fundamentals of Electrochemical Deposition by : Milan Paunovic
Download or read book Fundamentals of Electrochemical Deposition written by Milan Paunovic and published by John Wiley & Sons. This book was released on 2006-08-11 with total page 388 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Excellent teaching and resource material . . . it is concise, coherently structured, and easy to read . . . highly recommended for students, engineers, and researchers in all related fields." -Corrosion on the First Edition of Fundamentals of Electrochemical Deposition From computer hardware to automobiles, medical diagnostics to aerospace, electrochemical deposition plays a crucial role in an array of key industries. Fundamentals of Electrochemical Deposition, Second Edition is a comprehensive introduction to one of today's most exciting and rapidly evolving fields of practical knowledge. The most authoritative introduction to the field so far, the book presents detailed coverage of the full range of electrochemical deposition processes and technologies, including: * Metal-solution interphase * Charge transfer across an interphase * Formation of an equilibrium electrode potential * Nucleation and growth of thin films * Kinetics and mechanisms of electrodeposition * Electroless deposition * In situ characterization of deposition processes * Structure and properties of deposits * Multilayered and composite thin films * Interdiffusion in thin film * Applications in the semiconductor industry and the field of medicine This new edition updates the prior edition to address the new developments in the science and its applications, with new chapters on innovative applications of electrochemical deposition in semiconductor technology, magnetism and microelectronics, and medical instrumentation. Added coverage includes such topics as binding energy, nanoclusters, atomic force, and scanning tunneling microscopy.Example problems at the end of chapters and other features clarify and improve understanding of the material. Written by an author team with extensive experience in both industry and academe, this reference and text provides a well-rounded introduction to the field for students, as well as a means for professional chemists, engineers, and technicians to expand and sharpen their skills in using the technology.
Book Synopsis Thin Film Processes II by : Werner Kern
Download or read book Thin Film Processes II written by Werner Kern and published by Elsevier. This book was released on 2012-12-02 with total page 881 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This sequel to the 1978 classic, Thin Film Processes, gives a clear, practical exposition of important thin film deposition and etching processes that have not yet been adequately reviewed. It discusses selected processes in tutorial overviews with implementation guide lines and an introduction to the literature. Though edited to stand alone, when taken together, Thin Film Processes II and its predecessor present a thorough grounding in modern thin film techniques. - Provides an all-new sequel to the 1978 classic, Thin Film Processes - Introduces new topics, and several key topics presented in the original volume are updated - Emphasizes practical applications of major thin film deposition and etching processes - Helps readers find the appropriate technology for a particular application
Book Synopsis Handbook of Thin Film Deposition by : Krishna Seshan
Download or read book Handbook of Thin Film Deposition written by Krishna Seshan and published by William Andrew. This book was released on 2018-02-23 with total page 472 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Handbook of Thin Film Deposition, Fourth Edition, is a comprehensive reference focusing on thin film technologies and applications used in the semiconductor industry and the closely related areas of thin film deposition, thin film micro properties, photovoltaic solar energy applications, materials for memory applications and methods for thin film optical processes. The book is broken up into three sections: scaling, equipment and processing, and applications. In this newly revised edition, the handbook will also explore the limits of thin film applications, most notably as they relate to applications in manufacturing, materials, design and reliability. Offers a practical survey of thin film technologies aimed at engineers and managers involved in all stages of the process: design, fabrication, quality assurance, applications and the limitations faced by those processes Covers core processes and applications in the semiconductor industry and new developments within the photovoltaic and optical thin film industries Features a new chapter discussing Gates Dielectrics
Book Synopsis Handbook of Thin-film Deposition Processes and Techniques by : Klaus K. Schuegraf
Download or read book Handbook of Thin-film Deposition Processes and Techniques written by Klaus K. Schuegraf and published by William Andrew. This book was released on 1988 with total page 440 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The most recent developments and techniques in thin film deposition for high technology applications are described by 23 authorities in the field.
Book Synopsis Evolution of Thin Film Morphology by : Matthew Pelliccione
Download or read book Evolution of Thin Film Morphology written by Matthew Pelliccione and published by Springer Science & Business Media. This book was released on 2008-01-29 with total page 206 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The focus of this book is on modeling and simulations used in research on the morphological evolution during film growth. The authors emphasize the detailed mathematical formulation of the problem. The book will enable readers themselves to set up a computational program to investigate specific topics of interest in thin film deposition. It will benefit those working in any discipline that requires an understanding of thin film growth processes.
Book Synopsis Mechanisms of Surface and Microstructure Evolution in Deposited Films and Film Structures: Volume 672 by : Jacques G. Amar
Download or read book Mechanisms of Surface and Microstructure Evolution in Deposited Films and Film Structures: Volume 672 written by Jacques G. Amar and published by . This book was released on 2001-11-12 with total page 526 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The MRS Symposium Proceeding series is an internationally recognised reference suitable for researchers and practitioners. This book, first published in 2001, focuses on the interactions between different mechanisms of microstructure evolution and film-growth conditions.
Book Synopsis Mechanisms of Surface and Microstructure Evolution in Deposited Films and Film Structures: by : John Sanchez, Jr
Download or read book Mechanisms of Surface and Microstructure Evolution in Deposited Films and Film Structures: written by John Sanchez, Jr and published by Cambridge University Press. This book was released on 2014-06-05 with total page 508 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: A wide variety of materials systems and deposition strategies have been developed to produce epitaxial and polycrystalline thin films. In particular, controlling the morphology and microstructure of metal films at the nanometer and/or micron scale has become crucial for applications such as giant magnetoresistive devices, contacts and diffusion barriers in integrated circuits and photovoltaics, and multilayer X-ray mirrors. This book, first published in 2001, focuses on the interactions between different mechanisms of microstructure evolution and film-growth conditions. Two sections of the volume, including a joint effort with Symposium R, Morphology and Dynamics of Crystal Surfaces in Molecular and Colloid Systems, highlight the fundamental mechanisms of epitaxial growth. Additional topics include: multilayers - stress in thin films; early stages of film growth - mechanical properties; texture in polycrystalline films; grain growth - barrier layers; and silicides and organic thin films - pulsed laser deposition.
Book Synopsis Challenges in Mechanics of Time Dependent Materials, Mechanics of Biological Systems and Materials & Micro-and Nanomechanics, Volume 2 by : Alireza Amirkhizi
Download or read book Challenges in Mechanics of Time Dependent Materials, Mechanics of Biological Systems and Materials & Micro-and Nanomechanics, Volume 2 written by Alireza Amirkhizi and published by Springer Nature. This book was released on 2021-12-13 with total page 101 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Challenges in Mechanics of Time-Dependent Materials, Mechanics of Biological Systems and Materials, and Micro-and Nanomechanics, Volume 2 of the Proceedings of the 2021 SEM Annual Conference & Exposition on Experimental and Applied Mechanics, the second volume of four from the Conference, brings together contributions to this important area of research and engineering. The collection presents early findings and case studies on fundamental and applied aspects of Experimental Mechanics, including papers in the following general technical research areas: Characterization Across Length Scales Extreme Conditions & Environmental Effects Damage, Fatigue and Fracture Structure, Function and Performance Rate Effects in Elastomers Viscoelasticity & Viscoplasticity Research in Progress Extreme Nanomechanics In-Situ Nanomechanics Expanding Boundaries in Metrology Micro and Nanoscale Deformation MEMS for Actuation, Sensing and Characterization 1D & 2D Materials Cardiac Mechanics Cell Mechanics Biofilms and Microbe Mechanics Traumatic Brain Injury Orthopedic Biomechanics Ligaments and Soft Materials
Book Synopsis Thin-Film Deposition: Principles and Practice by : Donald L. Smith
Download or read book Thin-Film Deposition: Principles and Practice written by Donald L. Smith and published by McGraw Hill Professional. This book was released on 1995-03-22 with total page 648 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Publisher's Note: Products purchased from Third Party sellers are not guaranteed by the publisher for quality, authenticity, or access to any online entitlements included with the product.
Book Synopsis Chemical Physics of Thin Film Deposition Processes for Micro- and Nano-Technologies by : Y. Pauleau
Download or read book Chemical Physics of Thin Film Deposition Processes for Micro- and Nano-Technologies written by Y. Pauleau and published by . This book was released on 2011-04-27 with total page 382 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
