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Frugivores Seed Dispersal And Tree Regeneration Along A Human Disturbance Gradient In East African Rainforests
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Book Synopsis Frugivores, Seed Dispersal and Tree Regeneration Along a Human Disturbance Gradient in East African Rainforests by : Jasper Mbae Kirika
Download or read book Frugivores, Seed Dispersal and Tree Regeneration Along a Human Disturbance Gradient in East African Rainforests written by Jasper Mbae Kirika and published by . This book was released on 2007 with total page 87 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Book Synopsis Frugivores, Seed Dispersal and Tree Regeneration Along a Human Disturbance Gradient in East African Tropical Rainforests by :
Download or read book Frugivores, Seed Dispersal and Tree Regeneration Along a Human Disturbance Gradient in East African Tropical Rainforests written by and published by . This book was released on 2007 with total page pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Tropical forest mutualisms are under threat from increased rates of forest conversion and degradation. Seed dispersal and regeneration is important for maintenance of both trees and frugivores. To elucidate the effect of small-scale anthropogenic disturbance on frugivore community and the vital ecosystem process of seed dispersal and regeneration I investigated (1) the frugivore community and fruit removal rates of Celtis durandii (Ulmaceae) and (2), the relationship between fleshy-fruited tree species, frugivores and fleshy-fruited tree seedling establishment in three East African tropical rainforests. During frugivore community census I recorded 40 frugivorous birds and primates in the three forests. Moreover, I recorded more frugivores in little disturbed sites as compared to heavily disturbed sites. From observations on C. durandii trees I recorded more frugivore visitors on trees located in little disturbed than in heavily disturbed sites. This lead to marginally more seeds removed by frugivores in little disturbed than in heavily disturbed sites. The results did not differ among the three rainforests, suggesting that they were consistent at a regional scale. Therefore, it appears that small-scale forest disturbance has a more general negative impact on frugivores and their seed dispersal services than previously anticipated. During the vegetation survey I recorded 131 fleshy-fruited tree species in the three rainforests. Small-scale human disturbance marginally significantly enhanced fleshy-fruited tree species richness with no direct effect on frugivore density and species richness of fleshy-fruited tree seedlings. Richness of fleshy-fruited trees had a marginally significant positive influence on frugivore density but not on seedlings. Correspondingly, the density of frugivores significantly increased the species richness of fleshy-fruited tree seedlings. Thus, small-scale disturbance appear to have increased seedling establishment indirectly through increas.
Book Synopsis Frugivores, Seed Dispersal and Tree Regeneration Along a Human Disturbance Gradient in East African Tropical Rainforests by : Jasper Mbae Kirika
Download or read book Frugivores, Seed Dispersal and Tree Regeneration Along a Human Disturbance Gradient in East African Tropical Rainforests written by Jasper Mbae Kirika and published by . This book was released on 2007 with total page 0 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Book Synopsis Frugivory and seed dispersal: ecological and evolutionary aspects by : T.H. Fleming
Download or read book Frugivory and seed dispersal: ecological and evolutionary aspects written by T.H. Fleming and published by Springer Science & Business Media. This book was released on 2012-12-06 with total page 392 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Any scientific discipline needs a theoretical framework to guide its development and to sharpen the questions its researchers pursue. In biology, evolution is the grand theoretical framework, and an his torical perspective is necessary to understand present-day biological conditions. In its formative years, the modern study of the fruit-frugivore mutualism was guided by the 'specialist-generalist' paradigm developed by D. Snow, D. McKey, and H. Howe. Howe reviews the current status of this evolution ary paradigm and points out that it has been dismissed by many workers before being adequately tested. This is because ecologists working with the tropical plants and frugivorous birds for which the paradigm was originally developed rarely measure the seed dispersal effectiveness of different disperser species. He indicates that this paradigm still has heuristic value and suggests that several additional ecological paradigms, including the concept ofkeystone species ofplants and frugivores and the role that frugivores play in density-dependent mortality in tropical trees, are worth studying. The concept of seed dispersal quality has been central to discussions of fruit-frugivore coevolution. Schupp thoroughly reviews data bearing on this concept, constructs a hierarchical framework for viewing disperser effectiveness, and points out that disperser effectiveness depends on both the quantity and quality of seed dispersal. Effectiveness, in turn, affects both evolutionary and ecological relationships between dispersers and their food plants.
Book Synopsis Regeneration Dynamics of a Madagascar Rainforest and Their Relationship to Human Disturbances by : Roland De Gouvenain
Download or read book Regeneration Dynamics of a Madagascar Rainforest and Their Relationship to Human Disturbances written by Roland De Gouvenain and published by . This book was released on 2001 with total page 432 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Book Synopsis The Influence of Human Disturbance on Avian Frugivory and Seed Dispersal in a Neotropical Rainforest by : Kara Lynn Lefevre
Download or read book The Influence of Human Disturbance on Avian Frugivory and Seed Dispersal in a Neotropical Rainforest written by Kara Lynn Lefevre and published by . This book was released on with total page pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Book Synopsis Frugivores and seed dispersal by : Alejandro Estrada
Download or read book Frugivores and seed dispersal written by Alejandro Estrada and published by Springer Science & Business Media. This book was released on 2012-12-06 with total page 390 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: A wide variety of plants, ranging in size from forest floor herbs to giant canopy trees, rely on animals to disperse their seeds. Typical values of the proportion of tropical vascular plants that produce fleshy fruits and have animal-dispersed seeds range from 50-90%, depending on habitat. In this section, the authors discuss this mutualism from the plant's perspective. Herrera begins by challenging the notion that plant traits traditionally interpreted as being the product of fruit-frugivore coevolution really are the outcome of a response-counter-response kind of evolutionary process. He uses examples of congeneric plants living in very different biotic and abiotic environments and whose fossilizable characteristics have not changed over long periods of time to argue that there exists little or no basis for assuming that gradualistic change and environmental tracking characterizes the interactions between plants and their vertebrate seed dispersers. A common theme that runs through the papers by Herrera, Denslow et at. , and Stiles and White is the importance of the 'fruiting environment' (i. e. the spatial relationships of conspecific and non-conspecific fruiting plants) on rates of fruit removal and patterns of seed rain. Herrera and Denslow et at. point out that this environment is largely outside the control of individual plant species and, as a result, closely coevolved interactions between vertebrates and plants are unlikely to evolve.
Book Synopsis Tree Growth and Tree Regeneration in Two East African Rain Forests as Related to the Abiotic Environment After Human Disturbance by : Robert Gliniars
Download or read book Tree Growth and Tree Regeneration in Two East African Rain Forests as Related to the Abiotic Environment After Human Disturbance written by Robert Gliniars and published by . This book was released on 2010 with total page 186 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Book Synopsis The Rainforests of West Africa by : Claude Martin
Download or read book The Rainforests of West Africa written by Claude Martin and published by Birkhauser. This book was released on 1991 with total page 242 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Nowhere eise in the world did industrialized countries leave such early marks in the rainforest as in West Africa. Past and present developments here are in one way or the other significant for rainforests on other continents as weil. West Africa is a pioneer in both a good and a bad sense. This is reason enough to take a closer Iook at the history of moist tropical West Africa. Until recently, no one really seemed to be interested in the rainforests except for a few specialists. The world's scientific community neglected to study the incalculable riches of tropical forests, to make the public aware of them and their due importance. Although interdisciplinary research has been a popular topic for some decades now, it was not applied to just the most complex habitat on earth. Scientists from all fields studied only that which was easiest to record, seemingly blind to a myriad of details awaiting closer examination. Botanists wentabout establishing their herbariums and paid much too little attention to the vegetation as a whole, or to the significance of useful plants for local populations. Zoologists, too, busied themselves with collecting and describing species. Anthropologists, on the other hand, tended to overlook faunal details: in their ignorance of the animal world, they wrote of tigers and deer in Africa. And finally, foresters saw neither the forest nor the trees for the timber - and even confused rainforests with monocultures of fir trees.
Book Synopsis Ecology of an African Rain Forest by : Thomas T. Struhsaker
Download or read book Ecology of an African Rain Forest written by Thomas T. Struhsaker and published by . This book was released on 1999-02-01 with total page 432 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: "A unique book that is likely to become a benchmark for those who wish to save the rain forests through sustainable logging practices. Its uniqueness lies in the author's collection of long-term data (up to 25 years) on both plants and animals in the same site, the Kibale forest in Uganda. . . . Very highly recommended for libraries specializing in ecology, environmental science, forestry, and rain forests."--Choice "A much-needed volume that will be of interest to a wide audience, written by a leader in the field, and one with an international reputation. The current rosy advocacy for 'sustainable development' needs a wake-up call, and this is it. This volume combines some of the hottest topics in conservation science today into a cohesive whole that looks clear-eyed into the face of modern conservation in the tropics and finds it frighteningly lacking in scientific underpinning, rational consideration, and effective implementation."--Truman Young, University of California at Davis Thomas Struhsaker summarizes 20 years of research in the Kibale forest in Uganda, one of the most important centers for the study of tropical rain forests in Africa. Among the longest ongoing projects in rain forest ecology anywhere, Struhsaker's differs from the great majority of logging studies by emphasizing the fauna rather than looking only at the commercially valuable timber species. By providing long-term data on a variety of plants and animals, it offers the first truly in-depth synthesis of the consequences of selective logging in the tropics. The main body of the book demonstrates the adverse effects of logging--as many as 25 years after the event--on community structure and numerous other aspects of forest ecology. Although much has been claimed for the possibilities of sustainable logging in tropical rain forests, few data support these claims. Struhsaker demonstrates that future logging must be done at far lower intensities than is currently practiced if intact ecosystems are to be maintained. He also offers detailed recommendations for harvest plans compatible with the conservation of biodiversity and ecological integrity. The long-term data summarized here on the population dynamics of rain forest trees, primates, rodents, duikers, and elephants are unrivaled and will be widely cited, as will the data on seasonality, tree phrenology, gap dynamics, rainfall, and temperature. Struhsaker addresses the underlying causes of tropical deforestation and concludes that although there are numerous proximate factors, the ultimate causes are rapidly increasing human populations and rates of consumption per capita. He draws comparisons with relevant studies elsewhere in the tropics and offers specific recommendations to address the problems. Thomas T. Struhsaker has conducted field research in Africa over a period of 34 years. From 1970 through 1987 he established, developed, and directed the field research station in Kibale, Uganda. He maintains an active role in Kibale today and is a research scientist in the Department of Biological Anthropology and Anatomy at Duke University. His publications include The Red Colobus Monkey (1975) and more than 80 scientific and popular articles and technical reports on ecology, conservation, and animal behavior.
Book Synopsis Frugivory and Seed Dispersal by : T. H. Fleming
Download or read book Frugivory and Seed Dispersal written by T. H. Fleming and published by . This book was released on 1993 with total page 392 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Historical and theoretical aspects of frugivory and seed dispersal. Plant strategies. Frugivore strategies. Consequences of seed dispersal.
Book Synopsis Restoring Tropical Forests by : Stephen D. Elliott
Download or read book Restoring Tropical Forests written by Stephen D. Elliott and published by Royal Botanic Gardens Kew. This book was released on 2013 with total page 0 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Restoring Tropical Forests is a user-friendly guide to restoring forests throughout the tropics. Based on the concepts, knowledge and innovative techniques developed at Chiang Mai University's Forest Restoration Research Unit, this book will enable improvements in existing forest restoration projects and provide a key resource for new ones. The book presents three aspects of the restoration of tropical forest ecosystems: the concepts of tropical forest dynamics and regeneration that are relevant to tropical forest restoration, proven restoration techniques and case studies of their successful application, and research methods to refine such techniques and adapt them to local ecological and socio-economic conditions.
Book Synopsis Tropical Forest Community Ecology by : Walter Carson
Download or read book Tropical Forest Community Ecology written by Walter Carson and published by John Wiley & Sons. This book was released on 2011-08-31 with total page 686 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Historically, tropical ecology has been a science often content with descriptive and demographic approaches, which is understandable given the difficulty of studying these ecosystems and the need for basic demographic information. Nonetheless, over the last several years, tropical ecologists have begun to test more sophisticated ecological theory and are now beginning to address a broad array of questions that are of particular importance to tropical systems, and ecology in general. Why are there are so many species in tropical forests and what mechanisms are responsible for the maintenance of that vast species diversity? What factors control species coexistence? Are there common patterns of species abundance and distribution across broad geographic scales? What is the role of trophic interactions in these complex ecosystems? How can these fragile ecosystems be conserved? Containing contributions from some of the world’s leading tropical ecologists, Tropical Forest Community Ecology provides a summary of the key issues in the discipline of tropical ecology: Includes contributions from some of the world’s leading tropical ecologists Covers patterns of species distribution, the maintenance of species diversity, the community ecology of tropical animals, forest regeneration and conservation of tropical ecosystems
Book Synopsis Bats in the Anthropocene: Conservation of Bats in a Changing World by : Christian C. Voigt
Download or read book Bats in the Anthropocene: Conservation of Bats in a Changing World written by Christian C. Voigt and published by Springer. This book was released on 2015-12-07 with total page 601 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This book focuses on central themes related to the conservation of bats. It details their response to land-use change and management practices, intensified urbanization and roost disturbance and loss. Increasing interactions between humans and bats as a result of hunting, disease relationships, occupation of human dwellings, and conflict over fruit crops are explored in depth. Finally, contributors highlight the roles that taxonomy, conservation networks and conservation psychology have to play in conserving this imperilled but vital taxon. With over 1300 species, bats are the second largest order of mammals, yet as the Anthropocene dawns, bat populations around the world are in decline. Greater understanding of the anthropogenic drivers of this decline and exploration of possible mitigation measures are urgently needed if we are to retain global bat diversity in the coming decades. This book brings together teams of international experts to provide a global review of current understanding and recommend directions for future research and mitigation.
Book Synopsis Useful Trees and Shrubs for Uganda by : A. B. Katende
Download or read book Useful Trees and Shrubs for Uganda written by A. B. Katende and published by . This book was released on 1995 with total page 744 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book Second Growth written by Robin L. Chazdon and published by University of Chicago Press. This book was released on 2014-05-23 with total page 486 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: For decades, conservation and research initiatives in tropical forests have focused almost exclusively on old-growth forests because scientists believed that these “pristine” ecosystems housed superior levels of biodiversity. With Second Growth, Robin L. Chazdon reveals those assumptions to be largely false, bringing to the fore the previously overlooked counterpart to old-growth forest: second growth. Even as human activities result in extensive fragmentation and deforestation, tropical forests demonstrate a great capacity for natural and human-aided regeneration. Although these damaged landscapes can take centuries to regain the characteristics of old growth, Chazdon shows here that regenerating—or second-growth—forests are vital, dynamic reservoirs of biodiversity and environmental services. What is more, they always have been. With chapters on the roles these forests play in carbon and nutrient cycling, sustaining biodiversity, providing timber and non-timber products, and integrated agriculture, Second Growth not only offers a thorough and wide-ranging overview of successional and restoration pathways, but also underscores the need to conserve, and further study, regenerating tropical forests in an attempt to inspire a new age of local and global stewardship.
Book Synopsis Repairing the Rainforest by : Stephen P. Goosem
Download or read book Repairing the Rainforest written by Stephen P. Goosem and published by . This book was released on 2013 with total page 158 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The Wet Tropics Management Authority and Biotropica Pty Ltd are delighted to present Repairing the Rainforest 2nd Edition, co-authored by Dr Steve Goosem and Nigel Tucker. The updated edition of the book maintains the essence of the hugely popular first edition published in 1995 by providing a practical guide to rainforest re-establishment whilst also delving into the principles behind the practice. Focusing primarily on the Wet Tropics region of Australia, Repairing the Rainforest highlights key ecological principles for restoring rainforest biodiversity and function. These include, among others, the vital role of animal seed-dispersers in rainforests and the traits of plants that help or hinder their dispersal. The book is a must for individuals and organisations involved in land care and rehabilitation of tropical forests. It is an informative hand book that provides valuable insight into the intriguing forests of the Wet Tropics and their successful restoration.
