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Author : Angela Y. Walton-Raji
Publisher :
ISBN 13 : 9780999818213
Total Pages : pages
Book Rating : 4.8/5 (182 download)
Download or read book Freedmen of the Frontier: Selected Creek and Seminole freedmen families written by Angela Y. Walton-Raji and published by . This book was released on 2019 with total page pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Author : Kevin Mulroy
Publisher : University of Oklahoma Press
ISBN 13 : 0806155884
Total Pages : 479 pages
Book Rating : 4.8/5 (61 download)
Download or read book The Seminole Freedmen written by Kevin Mulroy and published by University of Oklahoma Press. This book was released on 2016-01-18 with total page 479 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Popularly known as “Black Seminoles,” descendants of the Seminole freedmen of Indian Territory are a unique American cultural group. Now Kevin Mulroy examines the long history of these people to show that this label denies them their rightful distinctiveness. To correct misconceptions of the historical relationship between Africans and Seminole Indians, he traces the emergence of Seminole-black identity and community from their eighteenth-century Florida origins to the present day. Arguing that the Seminole freedmen are neither Seminoles, Africans, nor “black Indians,” Mulroy proposes that they are maroon descendants who inhabit their own racial and cultural category, which he calls “Seminole maroon.” Mulroy plumbs the historical record to show clearly that, although allied with the Seminoles, these maroons formed independent and autonomous communities that dealt with European American society differently than either Indians or African Americans did. Mulroy describes the freedmen’s experiences as runaways from southern plantations, slaves of American Indians, participants in the Seminole Wars, and emigrants to the West. He then recounts their history during the Civil War, Reconstruction, enrollment and allotment under the Dawes Act, and early Oklahoma statehood. He also considers freedmen relations with Seminoles in Oklahoma during the twentieth and early twenty-first centuries. Although freedmen and Seminoles enjoy a partially shared past, this book shows that the freedmen’s history and culture are unique and entirely their own.
Author : Angela Walton-Raji
Publisher : Arcadia Publishing
ISBN 13 : 1467154776
Total Pages : 160 pages
Book Rating : 4.4/5 (671 download)
Download or read book Oklahoma Freedmen of the Five Tribes written by Angela Walton-Raji and published by Arcadia Publishing. This book was released on 2023-08 with total page 160 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Explore accounts of Oklahoma's Freedmen as told by their descendants in these stories of resistance and resilience on the Western frontier. The Freedmen of Oklahoma were black people, both enslaved and free, who had been living among the Indian nations. After the official abolition of slavery in 1866, they forged an identity as their own people as they faced the challenges of the western frontier. By 1906, before Oklahoma statehood, over 20,000 people were classified as "Freedmen" from Five Tribes: Cherokee, Choctaw, Chickasaw, Creek and Seminole Nations. For decades, their descendants have been rediscovering their family history and restoring its place in the larger narrative. Angela Walton-Raji has compiled this collection of stories, told by descendants from all five tribes, to ensure that the Freedmen of Oklahoma claim their vibrant part of the state's heritage.
Author : Melinda Beth Micco
Publisher :
ISBN 13 :
Total Pages : 420 pages
Book Rating : 4.:/5 (33 download)
Download or read book Freedmen and Seminoles written by Melinda Beth Micco and published by . This book was released on 1995 with total page 420 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Author : Jeff Bowen
Publisher :
ISBN 13 : 9781649680389
Total Pages : 350 pages
Book Rating : 4.6/5 (83 download)
Download or read book Applications for Enrollment of Seminole Newborn Freedmen written by Jeff Bowen and published by . This book was released on 2020-08-21 with total page 350 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Seminole Freedmen, as they were called, were the only African Americans living among the Five Civilized Tribes who were entitled to tribal allotments. Unlike the other Five Civilized Tribes--which held African Americans as slaves--the Seminole incorporated blacks into their tribe. Since the Curtis Act required the Dawes Commission to "follow tribal customs and usages" in processing applications for allotment, it had to consider any children of a mixed marriage "freedmen rather than citizens by blood . . ."; however, this did not prevent the newborn freedmen from sharing equally with full-bloods in the division of Seminole lands. Under this definition each Seminole newborn freedman was to receive forty acres of Indian Territory. Applications for Enrollment of Seminole Newborn Freedmen, Act of 1905, have been transcribed from National Archive film M-1301, Roll 402. The applications found in M-1301 and transcribed in this series contain more information and establish family relationships not found on the census cards in National Archive film M-1186, the basis for the seminal title Final Rolls of Citizens and Freedmen of the Five Civilized Tribes in Indian Territory [and] Index to the Final Rolls. These transcriptions include all correspondence associated with successful Seminole claimants. Besides the names of all parents and newborns, the applications include the names of doctors, lawyers, midwives, and other Seminole relatives whose identities were divulged as part of the application process, and who attended to the Seminole before and during this time in history.
Author : Angela Y. Walton-Raji
Publisher :
ISBN 13 : 9780788444739
Total Pages : 248 pages
Book Rating : 4.4/5 (447 download)
Download or read book Black Indian Genealogy Research written by Angela Y. Walton-Raji and published by . This book was released on 2007 with total page 248 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: In 1907, the Indian Territory became the State of Oklahoma. To qualify for the payments and land allotments set aside for the Five Civilized Tribes, the former slaves of these nations had to apply for official enrollment, thus producing testimonies of imm
Author : Daniel F. Littlefield
Publisher : Praeger
ISBN 13 :
Total Pages : 272 pages
Book Rating : 4.3/5 (91 download)
Download or read book The Chickasaw Freedmen written by Daniel F. Littlefield and published by Praeger. This book was released on 1980-12-19 with total page 272 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Littlefield's account of the freed blacks' social and economic life is a valuable discussion. Students of the West and race relations will welcome this book.
Author : Rosalyn Howard
Publisher : University Press of Florida
ISBN 13 : 081307309X
Total Pages : 142 pages
Book Rating : 4.8/5 (13 download)
Download or read book Black Seminoles in the Bahamas written by Rosalyn Howard and published by University Press of Florida. This book was released on 2023-05-01 with total page 142 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: "An excellent case study of a little-studied and poorly known community experiencing the processes of identity formation and culture change."--Brent R. Weisman, University of South Florida This is the first full-length ethnography of a unique community within the African diaspora. Rosalyn Howard traces the history of the isolated "Red Bays" community of the Bahamas, from their escape from the plantations of the American South through their utilization of social memory in the construction of new identity and community. Some of the many African slaves escaping from southern plantations traveled to Florida and joined the Seminole Indians, intermarried, and came to call themselves Black Seminoles. In 1821, pursued and harassed by European Americans through the First Seminole War, approximately 200 members of this group fled to Andros Island, where they remained essentially isolated for nearly 150 years. Drawing on archival and secondary sources in the United States and the Bahamas as well as interviews with members of the present-day Black Seminole community on Andros Island, Howard reconstructs the story of the Red Bays people. She chronicles their struggles as they adapt to a new environment and forge a new identity in this insular community and analyzes the former slaves' relationship with their Native American companions. Black Seminoles in contemporary Red Bays number approximately 290, the majority of whom are descended directly from the original settlers. As part of her research, Howard lived for a year in this small community, recording its oral history and analyzing the ways in which that history informed the evolving identity of the people. Her treatment dispels the air of mystery surrounding the Black Seminoles of Andros and provides a foundation for further anthropological and historical investigations.
Author : Alaina E. Roberts
Publisher : University of Pennsylvania Press
ISBN 13 : 0812297989
Total Pages : 209 pages
Book Rating : 4.8/5 (122 download)
Download or read book I've Been Here All the While written by Alaina E. Roberts and published by University of Pennsylvania Press. This book was released on 2021-03-12 with total page 209 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Perhaps no other symbol has more resonance in African American history than that of "40 acres and a mule"—the lost promise of Black reparations for slavery after the Civil War. In I've Been Here All the While, we meet the Black people who actually received this mythic 40 acres, the American settlers who coveted this land, and the Native Americans whose holdings it originated from. In nineteenth-century Indian Territory (modern-day Oklahoma), a story unfolds that ties African American and Native American history tightly together, revealing a western theatre of Civil War and Reconstruction, in which Cherokee, Choctaw, Chickasaw, Creek, and Seminole Indians, their Black slaves, and African Americans and whites from the eastern United States fought military and rhetorical battles to lay claim to land that had been taken from others. Through chapters that chart cycles of dispossession, land seizure, and settlement in Indian Territory, Alaina E. Roberts draws on archival research and family history to upend the traditional story of Reconstruction. She connects debates about Black freedom and Native American citizenship to westward expansion onto Native land. As Black, white, and Native people constructed ideas of race, belonging, and national identity, this part of the West became, for a short time, the last place where Black people could escape Jim Crow, finding land and exercising political rights, until Oklahoma statehood in 1907.
Author : Kenneth W. Porter
Publisher : University Press of Florida
ISBN 13 : 0813047757
Total Pages : 349 pages
Book Rating : 4.8/5 (13 download)
Download or read book The Black Seminoles written by Kenneth W. Porter and published by University Press of Florida. This book was released on 2013-05-21 with total page 349 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This story of a remarkable people, the Black Seminoles, and their charismatic leader, Chief John Horse, chronicles their heroic struggle for freedom. Beginning with the early 1800s, small groups of fugitive slaves living in Florida joined the Seminole Indians (an association that thrived for decades on reciprocal respect and affection). Kenneth Porter traces their fortunes and exploits as they moved across the country and attempted to live first beyond the law, then as loyal servants of it. He examines the Black Seminole role in the bloody Second Seminole War, when John Horse and his men distinguished themselves as fierce warriors, and their forced removal to the Oklahoma Indian Territory in the 1840s, where John's leadership ability emerged. The account includes the Black Seminole exodus in the 1850s to Mexico, their service as border troops for the Mexican government, and their return to Texas in the 1870s, where many of the men scouted for the U.S. Army. Members of their combat-tested unit, never numbering more than 50 men at a time, were awarded four of the sixteen Medals of Honor received by the several thousand Indian scouts in the West. Porter's interviews with John Horse's descendants and acquaintances in the 1940s and 1950s provide eyewitness accounts. When Alcione Amos and Thomas Senter took up the project in the 1980s, they incorporated new information that had since come to light about John Horse and his people. A powerful and stirring story, The Black Seminoles will appeal especially to readers interested in black history, Indian history, Florida history, and U.S. military history.
Author : Darnella Davis
Publisher : University of New Mexico Press
ISBN 13 : 0826359809
Total Pages : 313 pages
Book Rating : 4.8/5 (263 download)
Download or read book Untangling a Red, White, and Black Heritage written by Darnella Davis and published by University of New Mexico Press. This book was released on 2018-11-01 with total page 313 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Examining the legacy of racial mixing in Indian Territory through the land and lives of two families, one of Cherokee Freedman descent and one of Muscogee Creek heritage, Darnella Davis’s memoir writes a new chapter in the history of racial mixing on the frontier. It is the only book-length account of the intersections between the three races in Indian Territory and Oklahoma written from the perspective of a tribal person and a freedman. The histories of these families, along with the starkly different federal policies that molded their destinies, offer a powerful corrective to the historical narrative. From the Allotment Period to the present, their claims of racial identity and land in Oklahoma reveal inequalities that still fester more than one hundred years later. Davis offers a provocative opportunity to unpack our current racial discourse and ask ourselves, “Who are ‘we’ really?”
Author : Kevin Mulroy
Publisher : Texas Tech University Press
ISBN 13 : 9780896725164
Total Pages : 260 pages
Book Rating : 4.7/5 (251 download)
Download or read book Freedom on the Border written by Kevin Mulroy and published by Texas Tech University Press. This book was released on 1993 with total page 260 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Under the brilliant leadership of the charismatic John Horse, a band of black runaways, in alliance with Seminole Indians under Wild Cat, migrated from the Indian Territory to northern Mexico in the mid-nineteenth century to escape from slavery. These maroons subsequently provided soldiers for Mexico's frontier defense and later served the United States Army as the renowned Seminole Negro Indian Scouts. This is the story of the maroons' ethnogenesis in Florida, their removal to the West, their role in the Texas Indian Wars, and the fate of their long quest for freedom and self-determination along both sides of the Rio Grande. Their tale is a rich and colorful one, and one of epic proportions, stretching from the swamps of the Southeast to the desert Southwest. The maroons' history of African origins, plantation slavery, European and Indian associations, Florida wars, and forced removal culminated in a Mexican borderlands mosaic incorporating slave hunters, corrupt Indian agents, Texas filibusters, Mexican revolutionaries, French invaders, Apache and Comanche raiders, frontier outlaws and lawmen, and Buffalo Soldiers. What emerges is a saga of enslavement, flight, exile, and ultimately freedom.
Author : Herbert G. Ruffin
Publisher : University of Oklahoma Press
ISBN 13 : 0806161248
Total Pages : 508 pages
Book Rating : 4.8/5 (61 download)
Download or read book Freedom's Racial Frontier written by Herbert G. Ruffin and published by University of Oklahoma Press. This book was released on 2018-03-15 with total page 508 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Between 1940 and 2010, the black population of the American West grew from 710,400 to 7 million. With that explosive growth has come a burgeoning interest in the history of the African American West—an interest reflected in the remarkable range and depth of the works collected in Freedom’s Racial Frontier. Editors Herbert G. Ruffin II and Dwayne A. Mack have gathered established and emerging scholars in the field to create an anthology that links past, current, and future generations of African American West scholarship. The volume’s sixteen chapters address the African American experience within the framework of the West as a multicultural frontier. The result is a fresh perspective on western-U.S. history, centered on the significance of African American life, culture, and social justice in almost every trans-Mississippi state. Examining and interpreting the twentieth century while mindful of events and developments since 2000, the contributors focus on community formation, cultural diversity, civil rights and black empowerment, and artistic creativity and identity. Reflecting the dynamic evolution of new approaches and new sites of knowledge in the field of western history, the authors consider its interconnections with fields such as cultural studies, literature, and sociology. Some essays deal with familiar places, while others look at understudied sites such as Albuquerque, Oahu, and Las Vegas, Nevada. By examining black suburbanization, the Information Age, and gentrification in the urban West, several authors conceive of a Third Great Migration of African Americans to and within the West. The West revealed in Freedom’s Racial Frontier is a place where black Americans have fought—and continue to fight—to make their idea of freedom live up to their expectations of equality; a place where freedom is still a frontier for most persons of African heritage.
Author : William Loren Katz
Publisher : Simon and Schuster
ISBN 13 : 1439115435
Total Pages : 216 pages
Book Rating : 4.4/5 (391 download)
Download or read book Black Indians written by William Loren Katz and published by Simon and Schuster. This book was released on 2030-12-31 with total page 216 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: A Simon & Schuster eBook. Simon & Schuster has a great book for every reader.
Author : Lyman Horace Weeks
Publisher :
ISBN 13 :
Total Pages : 64 pages
Book Rating : 4.A/5 ( download)
Download or read book Prominent Families of New York written by Lyman Horace Weeks and published by . This book was released on 1898 with total page 64 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Author : Alice L Baumgartner
Publisher : Basic Books
ISBN 13 : 1541617770
Total Pages : 362 pages
Book Rating : 4.5/5 (416 download)
Download or read book South to Freedom written by Alice L Baumgartner and published by Basic Books. This book was released on 2020-11-10 with total page 362 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: A brilliant and surprising account of the coming of the American Civil War, showing the crucial role of slaves who escaped to Mexico. The Underground Railroad to the North promised salvation to many American slaves before the Civil War. But thousands of people in the south-central United States escaped slavery not by heading north but by crossing the southern border into Mexico, where slavery was abolished in 1837. In South to Freedom, historianAlice L. Baumgartner tells the story of why Mexico abolished slavery and how its increasingly radical antislavery policies fueled the sectional crisis in the United States. Southerners hoped that annexing Texas and invading Mexico in the 1840s would stop runaways and secure slavery's future. Instead, the seizure of Alta California and Nuevo México upset the delicate political balance between free and slave states. This is a revelatory and essential new perspective on antebellum America and the causes of the Civil War.
Author : Charles C. Royce
Publisher : DigiCat
ISBN 13 :
Total Pages : 296 pages
Book Rating : 4.8/5 (596 download)
Download or read book The Cherokee Nation of Indians written by Charles C. Royce and published by DigiCat. This book was released on 2023-12-14 with total page 296 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The following monograph on the history of the Cherokees, with its accompanying maps, is given as an illustration of the character of the work in its treatment of each of the Indian tribes. In the preparation of this book, more particularly in the tracing out of the various boundary lines, much careful attention and research have been given to all available authorities or sources of information. The old manuscript records of the Government, the shelves of the Congressional Library, including its very large collection of American maps, local records, and the knowledge of "old settlers," as well as the accretions of various State historical societies, have been made to pay tribute to the subject.
