Fpga Based Hardware Acceleration For Brain State In A Box Models In Neoromorphic Computing

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FPGA Implementations of Neural Networks

Author : Amos R. Omondi
Publisher : Springer Science & Business Media
ISBN 13 : 0387284877
Total Pages : 365 pages
Book Rating : 4.3/5 (872 download)

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Book Synopsis FPGA Implementations of Neural Networks by : Amos R. Omondi

Download or read book FPGA Implementations of Neural Networks written by Amos R. Omondi and published by Springer Science & Business Media. This book was released on 2006-10-04 with total page 365 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: During the 1980s and early 1990s there was signi?cant work in the design and implementation of hardware neurocomputers. Nevertheless, most of these efforts may be judged to have been unsuccessful: at no time have have ha- ware neurocomputers been in wide use. This lack of success may be largely attributed to the fact that earlier work was almost entirely aimed at developing custom neurocomputers, based on ASIC technology, but for such niche - eas this technology was never suf?ciently developed or competitive enough to justify large-scale adoption. On the other hand, gate-arrays of the period m- tioned were never large enough nor fast enough for serious arti?cial-neur- network (ANN) applications. But technology has now improved: the capacity and performance of current FPGAs are such that they present a much more realistic alternative. Consequently neurocomputers based on FPGAs are now a much more practical proposition than they have been in the past. This book summarizes some work towards this goal and consists of 12 papers that were selected, after review, from a number of submissions. The book is nominally divided into three parts: Chapters 1 through 4 deal with foundational issues; Chapters 5 through 11 deal with a variety of implementations; and Chapter 12 looks at the lessons learned from a large-scale project and also reconsiders design issues in light of current and future technology.

On Large-Scale Hybrid Computing Architecture for Neocortical Models - With an Application in Realizing Cognizance Operations of the Visual Cortex

Download On Large-Scale Hybrid Computing Architecture for Neocortical Models - With an Application in Realizing Cognizance Operations of the Visual Cortex PDF Online Free

Author :
Publisher :
ISBN 13 :
Total Pages : 32 pages
Book Rating : 4.:/5 (318 download)

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Book Synopsis On Large-Scale Hybrid Computing Architecture for Neocortical Models - With an Application in Realizing Cognizance Operations of the Visual Cortex by :

Download or read book On Large-Scale Hybrid Computing Architecture for Neocortical Models - With an Application in Realizing Cognizance Operations of the Visual Cortex written by and published by . This book was released on 2008 with total page 32 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This report describes working hardware and software developed to realize large-scale Brain-State-in-a-Box (BSB) models on a workstation with hardware acceleration using a Field Programmable Gate Array (FPGA). Just one Xilinx XC2VP70 FPGA was able to support about 600 128-dimensional BSB models to run at 10ms reaction time. Software was developed that controls the hardware operations and sends/receives data through publish/subscribe routines provided by an open-source package. Next, the confabulation based knowledge base training function on the Cell Broadband Engine (CBE) was implemented. The workload of the training function was distributed to 6 Synergistic Processing Elements (SPEs) in the Cell processor. Dynamic memory management techniques were developed to enable the SPE to load and write back information from/to the main memory during the training process. Preliminary software profiling was performed to indicate the performance bottleneck and guide the software optimization. The Cell-based implementation achieved 4X~9X speedups comparing to traditional processors.

Form Versus Function: Theory and Models for Neuronal Substrates

Author : Mihai Alexandru Petrovici
Publisher : Springer
ISBN 13 : 3319395521
Total Pages : 394 pages
Book Rating : 4.3/5 (193 download)

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Book Synopsis Form Versus Function: Theory and Models for Neuronal Substrates by : Mihai Alexandru Petrovici

Download or read book Form Versus Function: Theory and Models for Neuronal Substrates written by Mihai Alexandru Petrovici and published by Springer. This book was released on 2016-07-19 with total page 394 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This thesis addresses one of the most fundamental challenges for modern science: how can the brain as a network of neurons process information, how can it create and store internal models of our world, and how can it infer conclusions from ambiguous data? The author addresses these questions with the rigorous language of mathematics and theoretical physics, an approach that requires a high degree of abstraction to transfer results of wet lab biology to formal models. The thesis starts with an in-depth description of the state-of-the-art in theoretical neuroscience, which it subsequently uses as a basis to develop several new and original ideas. Throughout the text, the author connects the form and function of neuronal networks. This is done in order to achieve functional performance of biological brains by transferring their form to synthetic electronics substrates, an approach referred to as neuromorphic computing. The obvious aspect that this transfer can never be perfect but necessarily leads to performance differences is substantiated and explored in detail. The author also introduces a novel interpretation of the firing activity of neurons. He proposes a probabilistic interpretation of this activity and shows by means of formal derivations that stochastic neurons can sample from internally stored probability distributions. This is corroborated by the author’s recent findings, which confirm that biological features like the high conductance state of networks enable this mechanism. The author goes on to show that neural sampling can be implemented on synthetic neuromorphic circuits, paving the way for future applications in machine learning and cognitive computing, for example as energy-efficient implementations of deep learning networks. The thesis offers an essential resource for newcomers to the field and an inspiration for scientists working in theoretical neuroscience and the future of computing.

Emerging Technology and Architecture for Big-data Analytics

Author : Anupam Chattopadhyay
Publisher : Springer
ISBN 13 : 3319548409
Total Pages : 332 pages
Book Rating : 4.3/5 (195 download)

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Book Synopsis Emerging Technology and Architecture for Big-data Analytics by : Anupam Chattopadhyay

Download or read book Emerging Technology and Architecture for Big-data Analytics written by Anupam Chattopadhyay and published by Springer. This book was released on 2017-04-19 with total page 332 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This book describes the current state of the art in big-data analytics, from a technology and hardware architecture perspective. The presentation is designed to be accessible to a broad audience, with general knowledge of hardware design and some interest in big-data analytics. Coverage includes emerging technology and devices for data-analytics, circuit design for data-analytics, and architecture and algorithms to support data-analytics. Readers will benefit from the realistic context used by the authors, which demonstrates what works, what doesn’t work, and what are the fundamental problems, solutions, upcoming challenges and opportunities. Provides a single-source reference to hardware architectures for big-data analytics; Covers various levels of big-data analytics hardware design abstraction and flow, from device, to circuits and systems; Demonstrates how non-volatile memory (NVM) based hardware platforms can be a viable solution to existing challenges in hardware architecture for big-data analytics.

Efficient Processing of Deep Neural Networks

Author : Vivienne Sze
Publisher : Springer Nature
ISBN 13 : 3031017668
Total Pages : 254 pages
Book Rating : 4.0/5 (31 download)

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Book Synopsis Efficient Processing of Deep Neural Networks by : Vivienne Sze

Download or read book Efficient Processing of Deep Neural Networks written by Vivienne Sze and published by Springer Nature. This book was released on 2022-05-31 with total page 254 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This book provides a structured treatment of the key principles and techniques for enabling efficient processing of deep neural networks (DNNs). DNNs are currently widely used for many artificial intelligence (AI) applications, including computer vision, speech recognition, and robotics. While DNNs deliver state-of-the-art accuracy on many AI tasks, it comes at the cost of high computational complexity. Therefore, techniques that enable efficient processing of deep neural networks to improve key metrics—such as energy-efficiency, throughput, and latency—without sacrificing accuracy or increasing hardware costs are critical to enabling the wide deployment of DNNs in AI systems. The book includes background on DNN processing; a description and taxonomy of hardware architectural approaches for designing DNN accelerators; key metrics for evaluating and comparing different designs; features of DNN processing that are amenable to hardware/algorithm co-design to improve energy efficiency and throughput; and opportunities for applying new technologies. Readers will find a structured introduction to the field as well as formalization and organization of key concepts from contemporary work that provide insights that may spark new ideas.

Neural Engineering

Author : Chris Eliasmith
Publisher : MIT Press
ISBN 13 : 9780262550604
Total Pages : 384 pages
Book Rating : 4.5/5 (56 download)

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Book Synopsis Neural Engineering by : Chris Eliasmith

Download or read book Neural Engineering written by Chris Eliasmith and published by MIT Press. This book was released on 2003 with total page 384 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: A synthesis of current approaches to adapting engineering tools to the study of neurobiological systems.

High-Performance Computing Using FPGAs

Author : Wim Vanderbauwhede
Publisher : Springer Science & Business Media
ISBN 13 : 1461417910
Total Pages : 798 pages
Book Rating : 4.4/5 (614 download)

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Book Synopsis High-Performance Computing Using FPGAs by : Wim Vanderbauwhede

Download or read book High-Performance Computing Using FPGAs written by Wim Vanderbauwhede and published by Springer Science & Business Media. This book was released on 2013-08-23 with total page 798 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: High-Performance Computing using FPGA covers the area of high performance reconfigurable computing (HPRC). This book provides an overview of architectures, tools and applications for High-Performance Reconfigurable Computing (HPRC). FPGAs offer very high I/O bandwidth and fine-grained, custom and flexible parallelism and with the ever-increasing computational needs coupled with the frequency/power wall, the increasing maturity and capabilities of FPGAs, and the advent of multicore processors which has caused the acceptance of parallel computational models. The Part on architectures will introduce different FPGA-based HPC platforms: attached co-processor HPRC architectures such as the CHREC’s Novo-G and EPCC’s Maxwell systems; tightly coupled HRPC architectures, e.g. the Convey hybrid-core computer; reconfigurably networked HPRC architectures, e.g. the QPACE system, and standalone HPRC architectures such as EPFL’s CONFETTI system. The Part on Tools will focus on high-level programming approaches for HPRC, with chapters on C-to-Gate tools (such as Impulse-C, AutoESL, Handel-C, MORA-C++); Graphical tools (MATLAB-Simulink, NI LabVIEW); Domain-specific languages, languages for heterogeneous computing(for example OpenCL, Microsoft’s Kiwi and Alchemy projects). The part on Applications will present case from several application domains where HPRC has been used successfully, such as Bioinformatics and Computational Biology; Financial Computing; Stencil computations; Information retrieval; Lattice QCD; Astrophysics simulations; Weather and climate modeling.

Thinking Machines

Author : Shigeyuki Takano
Publisher : Academic Press
ISBN 13 : 0128182806
Total Pages : 324 pages
Book Rating : 4.1/5 (281 download)

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Book Synopsis Thinking Machines by : Shigeyuki Takano

Download or read book Thinking Machines written by Shigeyuki Takano and published by Academic Press. This book was released on 2021-03-27 with total page 324 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Thinking Machines: Machine Learning and Its Hardware Implementation covers the theory and application of machine learning, neuromorphic computing and neural networks. This is the first book that focuses on machine learning accelerators and hardware development for machine learning. It presents not only a summary of the latest trends and examples of machine learning hardware and basic knowledge of machine learning in general, but also the main issues involved in its implementation. Readers will learn what is required for the design of machine learning hardware for neuromorphic computing and/or neural networks. This is a recommended book for those who have basic knowledge of machine learning or those who want to learn more about the current trends of machine learning. Presents a clear understanding of various available machine learning hardware accelerator solutions that can be applied to selected machine learning algorithms Offers key insights into the development of hardware, from algorithms, software, logic circuits, to hardware accelerators Introduces the baseline characteristics of deep neural network models that should be treated by hardware as well Presents readers with a thorough review of past research and products, explaining how to design through ASIC and FPGA approaches for target machine learning models Surveys current trends and models in neuromorphic computing and neural network hardware architectures Outlines the strategy for advanced hardware development through the example of deep learning accelerators

Reconfigurable Computing

Author : Scott Hauck
Publisher : Elsevier
ISBN 13 : 0080556019
Total Pages : 945 pages
Book Rating : 4.0/5 (85 download)

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Book Synopsis Reconfigurable Computing by : Scott Hauck

Download or read book Reconfigurable Computing written by Scott Hauck and published by Elsevier. This book was released on 2010-07-26 with total page 945 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Reconfigurable Computing marks a revolutionary and hot topic that bridges the gap between the separate worlds of hardware and software design— the key feature of reconfigurable computing is its groundbreaking ability to perform computations in hardware to increase performance while retaining the flexibility of a software solution. Reconfigurable computers serve as affordable, fast, and accurate tools for developing designs ranging from single chip architectures to multi-chip and embedded systems. Scott Hauck and Andre DeHon have assembled a group of the key experts in the fields of both hardware and software computing to provide an introduction to the entire range of issues relating to reconfigurable computing. FPGAs (field programmable gate arrays) act as the “computing vehicles to implement this powerful technology. Readers will be guided into adopting a completely new way of handling existing design concerns and be able to make use of the vast opportunities possible with reconfigurable logic in this rapidly evolving field. Designed for both hardware and software programmers Views of reconfigurable programming beyond standard programming languages Broad set of case studies demonstrating how to use FPGAs in novel and efficient ways

Neural Networks and Statistical Learning

Author : Ke-Lin Du
Publisher : Springer Science & Business Media
ISBN 13 : 1447155718
Total Pages : 834 pages
Book Rating : 4.4/5 (471 download)

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Book Synopsis Neural Networks and Statistical Learning by : Ke-Lin Du

Download or read book Neural Networks and Statistical Learning written by Ke-Lin Du and published by Springer Science & Business Media. This book was released on 2013-12-09 with total page 834 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Providing a broad but in-depth introduction to neural network and machine learning in a statistical framework, this book provides a single, comprehensive resource for study and further research. All the major popular neural network models and statistical learning approaches are covered with examples and exercises in every chapter to develop a practical working understanding of the content. Each of the twenty-five chapters includes state-of-the-art descriptions and important research results on the respective topics. The broad coverage includes the multilayer perceptron, the Hopfield network, associative memory models, clustering models and algorithms, the radial basis function network, recurrent neural networks, principal component analysis, nonnegative matrix factorization, independent component analysis, discriminant analysis, support vector machines, kernel methods, reinforcement learning, probabilistic and Bayesian networks, data fusion and ensemble learning, fuzzy sets and logic, neurofuzzy models, hardware implementations, and some machine learning topics. Applications to biometric/bioinformatics and data mining are also included. Focusing on the prominent accomplishments and their practical aspects, academic and technical staff, graduate students and researchers will find that this provides a solid foundation and encompassing reference for the fields of neural networks, pattern recognition, signal processing, machine learning, computational intelligence, and data mining.

Brain-Computer Interface Research

Author : Christoph Guger
Publisher : Springer
ISBN 13 : 331957132X
Total Pages : 136 pages
Book Rating : 4.3/5 (195 download)

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Book Synopsis Brain-Computer Interface Research by : Christoph Guger

Download or read book Brain-Computer Interface Research written by Christoph Guger and published by Springer. This book was released on 2017-04-29 with total page 136 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This book describes the prize-winning brain-computer-interface (BCI) projects honored in the community's most prestigious annual award. BCIs enable people to communicate and control their limbs and/or environment using thought processes alone. Research in this field continues to develop and expand rapidly, with many new ideas, research groups, and improved technologies having emerged in recent years. The chapters in this volume feature the newest developments from many of the best labs worldwide. They present both non-invasive systems (based on the EEG) and intracortical methods (based on spikes or ECoG), and numerous innovative applications that will benefit new user groups

Neuromorphic Photonics

Author : Paul R. Prucnal
Publisher : CRC Press
ISBN 13 : 1498725244
Total Pages : 412 pages
Book Rating : 4.4/5 (987 download)

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Book Synopsis Neuromorphic Photonics by : Paul R. Prucnal

Download or read book Neuromorphic Photonics written by Paul R. Prucnal and published by CRC Press. This book was released on 2017-05-08 with total page 412 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This book sets out to build bridges between the domains of photonic device physics and neural networks, providing a comprehensive overview of the emerging field of "neuromorphic photonics." It includes a thorough discussion of evolution of neuromorphic photonics from the advent of fiber-optic neurons to today’s state-of-the-art integrated laser neurons, which are a current focus of international research. Neuromorphic Photonics explores candidate interconnection architectures and devices for integrated neuromorphic networks, along with key functionality such as learning. It is written at a level accessible to graduate students, while also intending to serve as a comprehensive reference for experts in the field.

Optics in Our Time

Author : Mohammad D. Al-Amri
Publisher : Springer
ISBN 13 : 3319319035
Total Pages : 509 pages
Book Rating : 4.3/5 (193 download)

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Book Synopsis Optics in Our Time by : Mohammad D. Al-Amri

Download or read book Optics in Our Time written by Mohammad D. Al-Amri and published by Springer. This book was released on 2016-12-12 with total page 509 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Light and light based technologies have played an important role in transforming our lives via scientific contributions spanned over thousands of years. In this book we present a vast collection of articles on various aspects of light and its applications in the contemporary world at a popular or semi-popular level. These articles are written by the world authorities in their respective fields. This is therefore a rare volume where the world experts have come together to present the developments in this most important field of science in an almost pedagogical manner. This volume covers five aspects related to light. The first presents two articles, one on the history of the nature of light, and the other on the scientific achievements of Ibn-Haitham (Alhazen), who is broadly considered the father of modern optics. These are then followed by an article on ultrafast phenomena and the invisible world. The third part includes papers on specific sources of light, the discoveries of which have revolutionized optical technologies in our lifetime. They discuss the nature and the characteristics of lasers, Solid-state lighting based on the Light Emitting Diode (LED) technology, and finally modern electron optics and its relationship to the Muslim golden age in science. The book’s fourth part discusses various applications of optics and light in today's world, including biophotonics, art, optical communication, nanotechnology, the eye as an optical instrument, remote sensing, and optics in medicine. In turn, the last part focuses on quantum optics, a modern field that grew out of the interaction of light and matter. Topics addressed include atom optics, slow, stored and stationary light, optical tests of the foundation of physics, quantum mechanical properties of light fields carrying orbital angular momentum, quantum communication, and Wave-Particle dualism in action.

Robotic Computing on FPGAs

Author : Shaoshan Liu
Publisher : Morgan & Claypool Publishers
ISBN 13 : 1636391664
Total Pages : 220 pages
Book Rating : 4.6/5 (363 download)

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Book Synopsis Robotic Computing on FPGAs by : Shaoshan Liu

Download or read book Robotic Computing on FPGAs written by Shaoshan Liu and published by Morgan & Claypool Publishers. This book was released on 2021-06-30 with total page 220 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This book provides a thorough overview of the state-of-the-art field-programmable gate array (FPGA)-based robotic computing accelerator designs and summarizes their adopted optimized techniques. This book consists of ten chapters, delving into the details of how FPGAs have been utilized in robotic perception, localization, planning, and multi-robot collaboration tasks. In addition to individual robotic tasks, this book provides detailed descriptions of how FPGAs have been used in robotic products, including commercial autonomous vehicles and space exploration robots.

Creating Autonomous Vehicle Systems

Author : Shaoshan Liu
Publisher : Morgan & Claypool Publishers
ISBN 13 : 1681731673
Total Pages : 285 pages
Book Rating : 4.6/5 (817 download)

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Book Synopsis Creating Autonomous Vehicle Systems by : Shaoshan Liu

Download or read book Creating Autonomous Vehicle Systems written by Shaoshan Liu and published by Morgan & Claypool Publishers. This book was released on 2017-10-25 with total page 285 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This book is the first technical overview of autonomous vehicles written for a general computing and engineering audience. The authors share their practical experiences of creating autonomous vehicle systems. These systems are complex, consisting of three major subsystems: (1) algorithms for localization, perception, and planning and control; (2) client systems, such as the robotics operating system and hardware platform; and (3) the cloud platform, which includes data storage, simulation, high-definition (HD) mapping, and deep learning model training. The algorithm subsystem extracts meaningful information from sensor raw data to understand its environment and make decisions about its actions. The client subsystem integrates these algorithms to meet real-time and reliability requirements. The cloud platform provides offline computing and storage capabilities for autonomous vehicles. Using the cloud platform, we are able to test new algorithms and update the HD map—plus, train better recognition, tracking, and decision models. This book consists of nine chapters. Chapter 1 provides an overview of autonomous vehicle systems; Chapter 2 focuses on localization technologies; Chapter 3 discusses traditional techniques used for perception; Chapter 4 discusses deep learning based techniques for perception; Chapter 5 introduces the planning and control sub-system, especially prediction and routing technologies; Chapter 6 focuses on motion planning and feedback control of the planning and control subsystem; Chapter 7 introduces reinforcement learning-based planning and control; Chapter 8 delves into the details of client systems design; and Chapter 9 provides the details of cloud platforms for autonomous driving. This book should be useful to students, researchers, and practitioners alike. Whether you are an undergraduate or a graduate student interested in autonomous driving, you will find herein a comprehensive overview of the whole autonomous vehicle technology stack. If you are an autonomous driving practitioner, the many practical techniques introduced in this book will be of interest to you. Researchers will also find plenty of references for an effective, deeper exploration of the various technologies.

Reconfigurable Computing

Author : Joao Cardoso
Publisher : Springer Science & Business Media
ISBN 13 : 1461400619
Total Pages : 308 pages
Book Rating : 4.4/5 (614 download)

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Book Synopsis Reconfigurable Computing by : Joao Cardoso

Download or read book Reconfigurable Computing written by Joao Cardoso and published by Springer Science & Business Media. This book was released on 2011-08-17 with total page 308 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: As the complexity of modern embedded systems increases, it becomes less practical to design monolithic processing platforms. As a result, reconfigurable computing is being adopted widely for more flexible design. Reconfigurable Computers offer the spatial parallelism and fine-grained customizability of application-specific circuits with the postfabrication programmability of software. To make the most of this unique combination of performance and flexibility, designers need to be aware of both hardware and software issues. FPGA users must think not only about the gates needed to perform a computation but also about the software flow that supports the design process. The goal of this book is to help designers become comfortable with these issues, and thus be able to exploit the vast opportunities possible with reconfigurable logic.

Principles of Asynchronous Circuit Design

Author : Jens Sparsø
Publisher : Springer Science & Business Media
ISBN 13 : 1475733852
Total Pages : 348 pages
Book Rating : 4.4/5 (757 download)

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Book Synopsis Principles of Asynchronous Circuit Design by : Jens Sparsø

Download or read book Principles of Asynchronous Circuit Design written by Jens Sparsø and published by Springer Science & Business Media. This book was released on 2013-04-17 with total page 348 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Principles of Asynchronous Circuit Design - A Systems Perspective addresses the need for an introductory text on asynchronous circuit design. Part I is an 8-chapter tutorial which addresses the most important issues for the beginner, including how to think about asynchronous systems. Part II is a 4-chapter introduction to Balsa, a freely-available synthesis system for asynchronous circuits which will enable the reader to get hands-on experience of designing high-level asynchronous systems. Part III offers a number of examples of state-of-the-art asynchronous systems to illustrate what can be built using asynchronous techniques. The examples range from a complete commercial smart card chip to complex microprocessors. The objective in writing this book has been to enable industrial designers with a background in conventional (clocked) design to be able to understand asynchronous design sufficiently to assess what it has to offer and whether it might be advantageous in their next design task.