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Foundations Of Human Sociality
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Author :Joseph Patrick Henrich Publisher :Oxford University Press on Demand ISBN 13 :9780199262045 Total Pages :451 pages Book Rating :4.2/5 (62 download)
Book Synopsis Foundations of Human Sociality by : Joseph Patrick Henrich
Download or read book Foundations of Human Sociality written by Joseph Patrick Henrich and published by Oxford University Press on Demand. This book was released on 2004 with total page 451 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: What motives underlie the ways humans interact socially? Are these the same for all societies? Are these part of our nature, or influenced by our environments? Over the last decade, research in experimental economics has emphatically falsified the textbook representation of Homo economicus. Hundreds of experiments suggest that people care not only about their own material payoffs, but also about such things as fairness, equity, and reciprocity. However, this research left fundamental questions unanswered: Are such social preferences stable components of human nature, or are they modulated by economic, social, and cultural environments? Until now, experimental research could not address this question because virtually all subjects had been university students. Combining ethnographic and experimental approaches to fill this gap, this book breaks new ground in reporting the results of a large cross-cultural study aimed at determining the sources of social (non-selfish) preferences that underlie the diversity of human sociality. In this study, the same experiments carried out with university students were performed in fifteen small-scale societies exhibiting a wide variety of social, economic, and cultural conditions. The results show that the variation in behaviour is far greater than previously thought, and that the differences between societies in market integration and the importance of cooperation explain a substantial portion of this variation, which individual-level economic and demographic variables could not. The results also trace the extent to which experimental play mirrors patterns of interaction found in everyday life. The book includes a succinct but substantive introduction to the use of game theory as an analytical tool, and to its use in the social sciences for the rigorous testing of hypotheses about fundamental aspects of social behaviour outside artificially constructed laboratories. The editors also summarize the results of the fifteencase studies in a suggestive chapter about the scope of the project.
Author :Joseph Patrick Henrich Publisher :Oxford University Press on Demand ISBN 13 :0199262047 Total Pages :472 pages Book Rating :4.1/5 (992 download)
Book Synopsis Foundations of Human Sociality by : Joseph Patrick Henrich
Download or read book Foundations of Human Sociality written by Joseph Patrick Henrich and published by Oxford University Press on Demand. This book was released on 2004 with total page 472 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Addresses the nature of human sociality. By bringing together experimental and ethnographic data from fifteen different tribal societies, the contributors are able to explore the universality of human motives in economic decision-making, and the importance of social, institutional and cultural factors.
Book Synopsis The Foundations of Human Society by : Donald McIntosh
Download or read book The Foundations of Human Society written by Donald McIntosh and published by . This book was released on 1969 with total page 378 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Book Synopsis Social Foundations of Human Space Exploration by : James A. Dator
Download or read book Social Foundations of Human Space Exploration written by James A. Dator and published by Springer Science & Business Media. This book was released on 2012-02-03 with total page 116 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This title presents a uniquely human perspective on the quest to explore space and to understand the universe through the lens of the arts, humanities, and social sciences. It considers early stories about the universe in various cultures; recent space fiction; the origins and cultural rationale for the space age; experiences of humans in space and their emerging interactions with robots and artificial intelligence; how humans should treat environments and alien life; and the alternative futures of space exploration and settlement.
Book Synopsis Foundations of Sociology by : Richard Jenkins
Download or read book Foundations of Sociology written by Richard Jenkins and published by Bloomsbury Publishing. This book was released on 2018-02-08 with total page 179 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This book argues that the foundations of sociology - key concepts which are necessary to all sociology, from whatever perspective - have become taken-for-granted and require re-assessment. Focusing on society, culture, the individual, and collectivity, the author builds a powerful case for an overhaul of these basic concepts, offering a unified model of the subject matter of sociology as 'the human world' - understood as individual, interactional and institutional orders - which is part of the 'natural world'. Written in a straightforward and accessible style, this is a powerful restatement of the value of sociological sense as a necessary critique of common sense, and its relevance to an audience far beyond academia.
Book Synopsis Foundations in Social Neuroscience by : John T. Cacioppo
Download or read book Foundations in Social Neuroscience written by John T. Cacioppo and published by MIT Press. This book was released on 2002 with total page 1368 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: A comprehensive survey of the growing field of social neuroscience.
Book Synopsis Social and Cultural Foundations of Counseling and Human Services by : John J. Schmidt
Download or read book Social and Cultural Foundations of Counseling and Human Services written by John J. Schmidt and published by Allyn & Bacon. This book was released on 2006 with total page 304 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Social and Cultural Foundations of Counseling and Human Services addresses the fundamental social and cultural foundations upon which counselors and other helpers develop the knowledge and skill to work effectively with diverse populations. A basic premise of this new text is that such foundational knowledge includes learning about self-concept development within a cultural and sociological context and about the impact that both individual differences and collectivistic philosophies have on cultural and personal identity. It distinctively features a social psychology perspective of diversity, complemented by an understanding of self-concept theory and its interaction with other models of identity development. Highlights of the First Edition: Maintains a balanced perspective on the impact of individualistic and collectivistic philosophies on a person's development. Utilizes a thorough treatment of social status variables that influence self-concept development, including race, ethnicity, sex, gender, sexual orientation identity, family, aging, spirituality, physical ability and disability, and social class. Provides concrete examples through exercises and narratives to help students understand the impact of specific social and cultural influences on personal development (Chapters 5-9). Contains "Counseling Inferences" sections at the end of every chapter to help summarize chapter content in the context of what it means for practicing counselors and human service providers. Provides information on and access to numerous Web sites that contain social and cultural topics (Appendix A).
Book Synopsis The Commercial Society by : Samuel Gregg
Download or read book The Commercial Society written by Samuel Gregg and published by Lexington Books. This book was released on 2007-03-29 with total page 195 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Once relatively confined to parts of Europe and North America, commercial societies are now found in many other cultures and continents. Yet despite the international spread and growth of commercial order, the moral, economic, and legal foundations of commercial society remain poorly understood, especially in those countries where it first took root. Guided by the thoughts of Alexis de Tocqueville, Samuel Gregg's The Commercial Society identifies and explores the key foundational elements that must exist within a society for commercial order to take root and flourish. Gregg studies the challenges that have consistently impeded and occasionally undermined commercial order, including the persistence of 'corporatist' values and political movements seeking to equalize social conditions. This book offers a historically-grounded analysis for modern audiences interested in philosophy or the history of economics.
Book Synopsis Social Behavior from Rodents to Humans by : Markus Wöhr
Download or read book Social Behavior from Rodents to Humans written by Markus Wöhr and published by Springer. This book was released on 2017-01-31 with total page 429 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This compelling volume provides a broad and accessible overview on the rapidly developing field of social neuroscience. A major goal of the volume is to integrate research findings on the neural basis of social behavior across different levels of analysis from rodent studies on molecular neurobiology to behavioral neuroscience to fMRI imaging data on human social behavior.
Book Synopsis Common Sense by : F. L. van Holthoon
Download or read book Common Sense written by F. L. van Holthoon and published by University Press of America. This book was released on 1987 with total page 398 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: NOTE: Series number is not an integer: n/a
Book Synopsis Experimenting with Social Norms by : Jean Ensminger
Download or read book Experimenting with Social Norms written by Jean Ensminger and published by Russell Sage Foundation. This book was released on 2014-10-22 with total page 492 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Questions about the origins of human cooperation have long puzzled and divided scientists. Social norms that foster fair-minded behavior, altruism and collective action undergird the foundations of large-scale human societies, but we know little about how these norms develop or spread, or why the intensity and breadth of human cooperation varies among different populations. What is the connection between social norms that encourage fair dealing and economic growth? How are these social norms related to the emergence of centralized institutions? Informed by a pioneering set of cross-cultural data, Experimenting with Social Norms advances our understanding of the evolution of human cooperation and the expansion of complex societies. Editors Jean Ensminger and Joseph Henrich present evidence from an exciting collaboration between anthropologists and economists. Using experimental economics games, researchers examined levels of fairness, cooperation, and norms for punishing those who violate expectations of equality across a diverse swath of societies, from hunter-gatherers in Tanzania to a small town in rural Missouri. These experiments tested individuals’ willingness to conduct mutually beneficial transactions with strangers that reap rewards only at the expense of taking a risk on the cooperation of others. The results show a robust relationship between exposure to market economies and social norms that benefit the group over narrow economic self-interest. Levels of fairness and generosity are generally higher among individuals in communities with more integrated markets. Religion also plays a powerful role. Individuals practicing either Islam or Christianity exhibited a stronger sense of fairness, possibly because religions with high moralizing deities, equipped with ample powers to reward and punish, encourage greater prosociality. The size of the settlement also had an impact. People in larger communities were more willing to punish unfairness compared to those in smaller societies. Taken together, the volume supports the hypothesis that social norms evolved over thousands of years to allow strangers in more complex and large settlements to coexist, trade and prosper. Innovative and ambitious, Experimenting with Social Norms synthesizes an unprecedented analysis of social behavior from an immense range of human societies. The fifteen case studies analyzed in this volume, which include field experiments in Africa, South America, New Guinea, Siberia and the United States, are available for free download on the Foundation’s website:www.russellsage.org.
Book Synopsis Social Foundations of Thought and Action by : Albert Bandura
Download or read book Social Foundations of Thought and Action written by Albert Bandura and published by Prentice Hall. This book was released on 1986 with total page 644 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Models of human nature and causality; Observational learning; Enactivelearning; Social diffusion and innovation; Predictive knowledge and forethought; Incentive motivators; Vicarious motivators; Self-regulatory mechanisms; Self-efficacy; Cognitive regulators.
Book Synopsis Education as a Force for Social Change by : Rudolf Steiner
Download or read book Education as a Force for Social Change written by Rudolf Steiner and published by SteinerBooks. This book was released on 1997-07 with total page 276 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: These dazzling, radical lectures were given one month before the opening of the first Waldorf School--following two years of intense preoccupation with the social situation in Germany as World War I ended and society sought to rebuild itself. Well aware of the dangerous tendencies present in modern culture that undermine a true social life--such as psychic torpor and boredom, universal mechanization, and a growing cynicism--Steiner recognized that any solution must address not only economic and legal issues but also that of a free spiritual life. Steiner also saw the need to properly nurture in children the virtues of imitation, reverence, and love at the appropriate stages of development in order to create mature adults who are inwardly prepared to fulfill the demands of a truly healthy society--adults who are able to assume the responsibilities of freedom, equality, and brotherhood. Relating these themes to an understanding of the human as a threefold being of thought, feeling, and volition, and against the background of historical forces at work in human consciousness, Steiner lays the ground for a profound revolution in the ways we think about education. Also included here are three lectures on the social basis of education, a lecture to public school teachers, and a lecture to the workers of the Waldorf Astoria Cigarette Company, after which they asked him to form a school for their children. German sources: Die Erziehungsfrage als soziale Frage (GA 296); lectures 4, 5, and 6, the "Volkspädagogik" lectures in Geisteswissenschaftliche Behandlung sozialer und pädagogischer Fragen (GA 192); lectures 2 and 11, Neugestaltung des sozialen Organismus (GA 330-331).
Book Synopsis How to Rethink Human Behavior by : Bernard Guerin
Download or read book How to Rethink Human Behavior written by Bernard Guerin and published by Routledge. This book was released on 2016-05-20 with total page 297 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Developed from the author’s long teaching career, How to Rethink Human Behavior aims to cultivate practical skills in human observation and analysis, rather than offer a catalogue of immutable ‘facts’. It synthesizes key psychological concepts with insights from other disciplines, including sociology, social anthropology, economics, and history. The skills detailed in the book will help readers to observe people in their contexts and to analyze what they observe, in order to make better sense of why people do what they do, say what they say, and think what they think. These methods can also be applied to our own thoughts, talk and actions - not as something we control from ‘within’ but as events constantly being shaped by the idiosyncratic social, cultural, economic and other contexts in which our lives are immersed. Whether teaching, studying, or reading for pleasure, this book will help readers learn: How to think about people with ecological or contextual thinking How your thinking is a conversation with other people How to analyze talk and conversations as social strategies How capitalist economies change how you act, talk and think in 25 ways How living in modern society can be linked to generalized anxiety and depression How to Rethink Human Behavior is important interdisciplinary reading for students and researchers in all fields of social science, and will especially appeal to those interested in mental health. It has also been written for the general reading public who enjoy exploring new ideas and skills in understanding themselves and other people.
Book Synopsis Foundations of Human Sociality by : Joseph Henrich
Download or read book Foundations of Human Sociality written by Joseph Henrich and published by OUP Oxford. This book was released on 2004-03-25 with total page 472 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: What motives underlie the ways humans interact socially? Are these the same for all societies? Are these part of our nature, or influenced by our environments? Over the last decade, research in experimental economics has emphatically falsified the textbook representation of Homo economicus. Literally hundreds of experiments suggest that people care not only about their own material payoffs, but also about such things as fairness, equity and reciprocity. However, this research left fundamental questions unanswered: Are such social preferences stable components of human nature; or, are they modulated by economic, social and cultural environments? Until now, experimental research could not address this question because virtually all subjects had been university students, and while there are cultural differences among student populations throughout the world, these differences are small compared to the full range of human social and cultural environments. A vast amount of ethnographic and historical research suggests that people's motives are influenced by economic, social, and cultural environments, yet such methods can only yield circumstantial evidence about human motives. Combining ethnographic and experimental approaches to fill this gap, this book breaks new ground in reporting the results of a large cross-cultural study aimed at determining the sources of social (non-selfish) preferences that underlie the diversity of human sociality. The same experiments which provided evidence for social preferences among university students were performed in fifteen small-scale societies exhibiting a wide variety of social, economic and cultural conditions by experienced field researchers who had also done long-term ethnographic field work in these societies. The findings of these experiments demonstrated that no society in which experimental behaviour is consistent with the canonical model of self-interest. Indeed, results showed that the variation in behaviour is far greater than previously thought, and that the differences between societies in market integration and the importance of cooperation explain a substantial portion of this variation, which individual-level economic and demographic variables could not. Finally, the extent to which experimental play mirrors patterns of interaction found in everyday life is traced. The book starts with a succinct but substantive introduction to the use of game theory as an analytical tool and its use in the social sciences for the rigorous testing of hypotheses about fundamental aspects of social behaviour outside artificially constructed laboratories. The results of the fifteen case studies are summarized in a suggestive chapter about the scope of the project.
Book Synopsis Foundations of Social Policy by : Amanda Smith Barusch
Download or read book Foundations of Social Policy written by Amanda Smith Barusch and published by Thomson Brooks/Cole. This book was released on 2009 with total page 555 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Reflecting an emerging consensus that social justice is a primary mission of the social work profession, this innovative text provides a thorough grounding in policy analysis with extensive coverage of policy practice and a unique emphasis on the broad issues and human dilemmas inherent in the pursuit of social justice. Organized in four parts, the book introduces several philosophical perspectives on what constitutes social justice, and identifies the values and assumptions reflected in contemporary policy debates. Part I provides a framework for policy analysis and policy practice, as well as foundation content related to the structure and role of government in the United States. Part II offers a theoretical framework for determining when a personal disadvantage is considered a social problem. It then focuses on social problems that constitute widely shared risks, including poverty, physical illness, mental illness, and disability. Part III introduces theories of discrimination and oppression and explores the challenges faced by vulnerable populations, including people of color, gays and lesbians, children, women, working Americans, and the elderly. Part IV offers a "Glance to The Future," examining emerging policy issues such as inequality, incarceration as a means of social control, globalization, and international governance.
Author :Stefan G. Hofmann Publisher :American Psychological Association (APA) ISBN 13 :9781433829277 Total Pages :0 pages Book Rating :4.8/5 (292 download)
Book Synopsis The Social Foundations of Emotion by : Stefan G. Hofmann
Download or read book The Social Foundations of Emotion written by Stefan G. Hofmann and published by American Psychological Association (APA). This book was released on 2018 with total page 0 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Many researchers today view emotions as biologically-based, evolutionary adaptations to environmental stimuli. In this book, Stefan Hofmann and Stacey Doan argue that emotions cannot be understood without taking into account the dynamic social and cultural worlds we inhabit. They propose instead a "core self," containing the biological basis for our emotions, and a "social self," which develops over time and embraces the shifting social and cultural influences around us as we grow and learn. Through a wealth of clinical case examples and an expert synthesis of contemporary research, the authors examine how emotions are determined and regulated both internally and externally, via social bonds and feedback. By emphasizing the client's social world, they show clinicians how to understand and offer treatment solutions to common mental health problems, such as depression and anxiety. As the authors demonstrate, socio-cultural context is not just a contributing factor to emotional development; it is, instead, a constant, ubiquitous, and essential element for understanding the complex foundations of human emotion.
