Forensic Investigations And Miscarriages Of Justice

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Miscarriages of Justice

Author : Brent E. Turvey
Publisher : Academic Press
ISBN 13 : 0124095283
Total Pages : 417 pages
Book Rating : 4.1/5 (24 download)

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Book Synopsis Miscarriages of Justice by : Brent E. Turvey

Download or read book Miscarriages of Justice written by Brent E. Turvey and published by Academic Press. This book was released on 2014-05-19 with total page 417 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Miscarriages of justice are a regular occurrence in the criminal justice system, which is characterized by government agencies that are understaffed, underfunded, and undertrained across the board. We know this because, every week, DNA testing and innocence projects across the United States help to identify and eventually overturn wrongful convictions. As a result, the exonerated go free and the stage is set for addressing criminal and civil liability. Criminal justice students and professionals therefore have a need to be made aware of the miscarriage problem as a threshold issue. They need to know what a miscarriage of justice looks like, how to recognize it's many forms, and what their duty of care might be in terms of prevention. They also need to appreciate that identifying miscarriages, and ensuring legal remedy, is an important function of the system that must be honored by all criminal justice professionals. The purpose of this textbook is to move beyond the law review, casebook, and true crime publications that comprise the majority of miscarriage literature. While informative, they are not designed for teaching students in a classroom setting. This text is written for use at the undergraduate level in journalism, sociology, criminology and criminal justice programs - to introduce college students to the miscarriage phenomenon in a structured fashion. The language is more broadly accessible than can be found in legal texts, and the coverage is multidisciplinary. Miscarriages of Justice: Actual Innocence, Forensic Evidence, and the Law focuses on the variety of miscarriages issues in the United States legal system. Written by leaders in the field, it is particularly valuable to forensic scientists and attorneys evaluating evidence or preparing for trial or appeal in cases where faulty evidence features prominently. It is also of value to those interested in developing arguments for miscarriage in post-conviction review of criminal cases. Chapters focus specifically on issues of law enforcement bias and corruption; false confessions; ineffective counsel and prosecutorial misconduct; forensic fraud; and more. The book closes by examining innocence projects and commissions, and civil remedies for the wrongfully convicted. This text ultimately presents the issue of miscarriages as a systemic and multi-disciplinary criminal justice issue. It provides perspectives from within the professional CJ community, and it serves as warning to future professionals about the dangers and consequences of apathy, incompetence, and neglect. Consequently, it can be used by any CJ educator to introduce any group of CJ students to the problem. - Written by practicing criminal justice professionals in plain language for undergraduate students - Covers multiple perspectives across the criminal justice system - Informed by experience working for Innocence Projects across the United States to achieve successful exonerations - Topical case examples to facilitate teaching and learning - Companion website featuring Discussion topics, Exam questions and PowerPoint slides: http://textbooks.elsevier.com/web/Manuals.aspx?isbn=9780124115583

Forensic Investigations and Miscarriages of Justice

Author : Bibi Sangha
Publisher :
ISBN 13 : 9781552211861
Total Pages : 447 pages
Book Rating : 4.2/5 (118 download)

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Book Synopsis Forensic Investigations and Miscarriages of Justice by : Bibi Sangha

Download or read book Forensic Investigations and Miscarriages of Justice written by Bibi Sangha and published by . This book was released on 2010 with total page 447 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Miscarriages of justice have been the focus of judicial and public inquiries in Britain, Canada, and Australia. The objective of Forensic Investigations and Miscarriages of Justice is to make clear that, despite the rules laid down by statutes and decided cases to ensure that criminal trials are properly conducted, there are many instances where those rules have not been properly applied. In all three jurisdictions, there have been cases in which investigations have fundamentally miscarried and where expert witnesses have given evidence that has been either fraudulent or wrong. The book reviews how these problem cases are dealt with, and the marked differences between the jurisdictions in the procedures available to identify possible errors. The authors recommend ways to narrow the gap between the rhetoric of impartial forensic science and prosecutions and the re-ality of a growing number of recognized miscarriages of justice, emphasizing that both forensic science and the legal system must change and seek to better understand each other.

Miscarriages of Justice in Canada

Author : Kathryn M. Campbell
Publisher : University of Toronto Press
ISBN 13 : 1487514573
Total Pages : 400 pages
Book Rating : 4.4/5 (875 download)

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Book Synopsis Miscarriages of Justice in Canada by : Kathryn M. Campbell

Download or read book Miscarriages of Justice in Canada written by Kathryn M. Campbell and published by University of Toronto Press. This book was released on 2018-06-12 with total page 400 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Innocent people are regularly convicted of crimes they did not commit. A number of systemic factors have been found to contribute to wrongful convictions, including eyewitness misidentification, false confessions, informant testimony, official misconduct, and faulty forensic evidence. In Miscarriages of Justice in Canada, Kathryn M. Campbell offers an extensive overview of wrongful convictions, bringing together current sociological, criminological, and legal research, as well as current case-law examples. For the first time, information on all known and suspected cases of wrongful conviction in Canada is included and interspersed with discussions of how wrongful convictions happen, how existing remedies to rectify them are inadequate, and how those who have been victimized by these errors are rarely compensated. Campbell reveals that the causes of wrongful convictions are, in fact, avoidable, and that those in the criminal justice system must exercise greater vigilance and openness to the possibility of error if the problem of wrongful conviction is to be resolved.

Forensic Science and the Administration of Justice

Author : Kevin J. Strom
Publisher : SAGE Publications
ISBN 13 : 1483324400
Total Pages : 312 pages
Book Rating : 4.4/5 (833 download)

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Book Synopsis Forensic Science and the Administration of Justice by : Kevin J. Strom

Download or read book Forensic Science and the Administration of Justice written by Kevin J. Strom and published by SAGE Publications. This book was released on 2014-04-04 with total page 312 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Uniting forensics, law, and social science in meaningful and relevant ways, Forensic Science and the Administration of Justice, by Kevin J. Strom and Matthew J. Hickman, is structured around current research on how forensic evidence is being used and how it is impacting the justice system. This unique book—written by nationally known scholars in the field—includes five sections that explore the demand for forensic services, the quality of forensic services, the utility of forensic services, post-conviction forensic issues, and the future role of forensic science in the administration of justice. The authors offer policy-relevant directions for both the criminal justice and forensic fields and demonstrate how the role of the crime laboratory in the American justice system is evolving in concert with technological advances as well as changing demands and competing pressures for laboratory resources.

Misleading DNA Evidence

Author : Peter Gill
Publisher : Elsevier
ISBN 13 : 0124172202
Total Pages : 195 pages
Book Rating : 4.1/5 (241 download)

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Book Synopsis Misleading DNA Evidence by : Peter Gill

Download or read book Misleading DNA Evidence written by Peter Gill and published by Elsevier. This book was released on 2014-06-18 with total page 195 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Misleading DNA Evidence: A Guide for Scientists, Judges, and Lawyers presents the reasons miscarriages of justice can occur when dealing with DNA, what the role of the forensic scientist is throughout the process, and how judges and lawyers can educate themselves about all of the possibilities to consider when dealing with cases that involve DNA evidence. DNA has become the gold standard by which a person can be placed at the scene of a crime, and the past decade has seen great advances in this powerful crime solving tool. But the statistics that analysts can attach to DNA evidence often vary, and in some cases the statistical weight assigned to that match, can vary enormously. The numbers provided to juries often overstate the evidence, and can result in a wrongful conviction. In addition to statistics, the way the evidence is collected, stored and analyzed can also result in a wrongful conviction due to contamination. This book reviews high-profile and somewhat contentious cases to illustrate these points, including the death of Meredith Kercher. It examines crucial topics such as characterization of errors and determination of error rates, reporting DNA profiles and the source and sub-source levels, and the essentials of statement writing. It is a concise, readable resource that will help not only scientists, but legal professionals with limited scientific backgrounds, to understand the intricacies of DNA use in the justice system. - Ideal reference for scientists and for those without extensive scientific backgrounds - Written by one of the pioneers in forensic DNA typing and interpretation of DNA profiling results - Ideal format for travel, court environments, or wherever easy access to reference material is vital

Miscarriages of Justice

Author : Clive Walker
Publisher : OUP Oxford
ISBN 13 : 1854316877
Total Pages : 438 pages
Book Rating : 4.8/5 (543 download)

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Book Synopsis Miscarriages of Justice by : Clive Walker

Download or read book Miscarriages of Justice written by Clive Walker and published by OUP Oxford. This book was released on 1999 with total page 438 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The authors examine the various steps within the criminal justice system which have resulted in the conviction of the innocent, and suggest remedies as to how miscarriages might be avoided in the future. The contributors comprise academics, campaigners and practitioners.

Wrongful Conviction

Author : C. Ronald Huff
Publisher : Temple University Press
ISBN 13 : 159213646X
Total Pages : 327 pages
Book Rating : 4.5/5 (921 download)

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Book Synopsis Wrongful Conviction by : C. Ronald Huff

Download or read book Wrongful Conviction written by C. Ronald Huff and published by Temple University Press. This book was released on 2010-01-15 with total page 327 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Imperfections in the criminal justice system have long intrigued the general public and worried scholars and legal practitioners. In Wrongful Conviction, criminologists C. Ronald Huff and Martin Killias present an important collection of essays that analyzes cases of injustice across an array of legal systems, with contributors from North America, Europe and Israel. This collection includes a number of well-developed public-policy recommendations intended to reduce the instances of courts punishing innocents. It also offers suggestions for compensating more fairly those who are wrongfully convicted.

Wrongful Convictions and Miscarriages of Justice

Author : C. Ronald Huff
Publisher : Routledge
ISBN 13 : 0415539935
Total Pages : 434 pages
Book Rating : 4.4/5 (155 download)

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Book Synopsis Wrongful Convictions and Miscarriages of Justice by : C. Ronald Huff

Download or read book Wrongful Convictions and Miscarriages of Justice written by C. Ronald Huff and published by Routledge. This book was released on 2013 with total page 434 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This volume brings together the world-class scholarship of 23 widely acclaimed and influential contributing authors from North America and Europe. The latest research is presented in 18 chapters focusing on the frequency, causes, and consequences of wrongful convictions and other miscarriages of justice and offering recommendations for both legal and public policy reforms that can help reduce the causes of these errors while protecting public safety as well.

Justice Denied

Author : David Klatzow
Publisher : Penguin Random House South Africa
ISBN 13 : 1770226958
Total Pages : 344 pages
Book Rating : 4.7/5 (72 download)

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Book Synopsis Justice Denied by : David Klatzow

Download or read book Justice Denied written by David Klatzow and published by Penguin Random House South Africa. This book was released on 2014-07-01 with total page 344 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: If you are accused of a crime you did not commit, do you believe that justice will prevail in a court of law? Perhaps you should think again... An innocent woman is almost sent to prison for eight years because of a mistaken fingerprint identification by so-called forensic experts; a chicken farmer is hanged for a brutal murder he did not commit due to incorrect analysis of post-mortem bruising; and a mother is sent to prison for murdering her baby daughter when a substance is falsely identified as blood ... These are just some of the major forensic disasters that have occurred over the past 100 years, and which are exposed in Justice Denied. Contrary to what television series like CSI and NCIS would have one believe, forensic science does not provide instant answers to impenetrable crimes; in reality, forensic science is neither clear-cut nor easy to interpret, and practitioners are not all competent - as renowned forensic scientist Dr David Klatzow proves in this book. In Justice Denied, he exposes the miscarriages of justice resulting from the faulty courtroom testimony of corrupt or incompetent forensic pathologists and unscrupulous public prosecutors who seek convictions at all costs. From the infamous Dr Crippen case in 19th-century England to the dingo–baby trial in Australia and the unsolved murder of Inge Lotz, Justice Denied reveals the incalculable damage done both to people's lives and to justice across the globe. Justice, while age-old, is not always served when bad science plays a hand.

Convicting the Innocent

Author : Brandon L. Garrett
Publisher : Harvard University Press
ISBN 13 : 0674060989
Total Pages : 376 pages
Book Rating : 4.6/5 (74 download)

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Book Synopsis Convicting the Innocent by : Brandon L. Garrett

Download or read book Convicting the Innocent written by Brandon L. Garrett and published by Harvard University Press. This book was released on 2011-08-04 with total page 376 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: On January 20, 1984, Earl Washington—defended for all of forty minutes by a lawyer who had never tried a death penalty case—was found guilty of rape and murder in the state of Virginia and sentenced to death. After nine years on death row, DNA testing cast doubt on his conviction and saved his life. However, he spent another eight years in prison before more sophisticated DNA technology proved his innocence and convicted the guilty man. DNA exonerations have shattered confidence in the criminal justice system by exposing how often we have convicted the innocent and let the guilty walk free. In this unsettling in-depth analysis, Brandon Garrett examines what went wrong in the cases of the first 250 wrongfully convicted people to be exonerated by DNA testing. Based on trial transcripts, Garrett’s investigation into the causes of wrongful convictions reveals larger patterns of incompetence, abuse, and error. Evidence corrupted by suggestive eyewitness procedures, coercive interrogations, unsound and unreliable forensics, shoddy investigative practices, cognitive bias, and poor lawyering illustrates the weaknesses built into our current criminal justice system. Garrett proposes practical reforms that rely more on documented, recorded, and audited evidence, and less on fallible human memory. Very few crimes committed in the United States involve biological evidence that can be tested using DNA. How many unjust convictions are there that we will never discover? Convicting the Innocent makes a powerful case for systemic reforms to improve the accuracy of all criminal cases.

The Innocent and the Criminal Justice System

Author : Michael Naughton
Publisher : Bloomsbury Publishing
ISBN 13 : 135030610X
Total Pages : 329 pages
Book Rating : 4.3/5 (53 download)

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Book Synopsis The Innocent and the Criminal Justice System by : Michael Naughton

Download or read book The Innocent and the Criminal Justice System written by Michael Naughton and published by Bloomsbury Publishing. This book was released on 2013-06-11 with total page 329 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The Innocent and the Criminal Justice System examines competing perspectives on, and definitions of, miscarriages of justice to tackle these questions and more in this critical sociological examination of innocence and wrongful conviction. This book: - Is the first book of its kind to cover wrong convictions, from definition and causation to the limits of redress - Provides a wealth of case studies and statistics to apply theoretical discussions of the criminal justice system to real-life situations - Discusses ideas and challenges that are highly relevant to current political and social debates Elegantly written by a leading expert in the field, this book is essential reading for students of criminology, criminal justice and law, looking to understand the workings of the criminal justice system and how it can fail the innocent.

Medicolegal Death Investigation System

Author : Institute of Medicine
Publisher : National Academies Press
ISBN 13 : 0309167043
Total Pages : 85 pages
Book Rating : 4.3/5 (91 download)

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Book Synopsis Medicolegal Death Investigation System by : Institute of Medicine

Download or read book Medicolegal Death Investigation System written by Institute of Medicine and published by National Academies Press. This book was released on 2003-08-22 with total page 85 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The US Department of Justice's National Institute of Justice (NIJ) asked the Institute of Medicine (IOM) of The National Academies to conduct a workshop that would examine the interface of the medicolegal death investigation system and the criminal justice system. NIJ was particularly interested in a workshop in which speakers would highlight not only the status and needs of the medicolegal death investigation system as currently administered by medical examiners and coroners but also its potential to meet emerging issues facing contemporary society in America. Additionally, the workshop was to highlight priority areas for a potential IOM study on this topic. To achieve those goals, IOM constituted the Committee for the Workshop on the Medicolegal Death Investigation System, which developed a workshop that focused on the role of the medical examiner and coroner death investigation system and its promise for improving both the criminal justice system and the public health and health care systems, and their ability to respond to terrorist threats and events. Six panels were formed to highlight different aspects of the medicolegal death investigation system, including ways to improve it and expand it beyond its traditional response and meet growing demands and challenges. This report summarizes the Workshop presentations and discussions that followed them.

Irrefutable Evidence

Author : Michael Kurland
Publisher : Rowman & Littlefield
ISBN 13 : 1566638038
Total Pages : 344 pages
Book Rating : 4.5/5 (666 download)

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Book Synopsis Irrefutable Evidence by : Michael Kurland

Download or read book Irrefutable Evidence written by Michael Kurland and published by Rowman & Littlefield. This book was released on 2009 with total page 344 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This book explores the rise of modern DNA typing techniques, which have proven the innocence of many persons convicted of major crimes and resulted in the exoneration of more than two hundred on death row.

Forensic Science Reform

Author : Wendy J Koen
Publisher : Academic Press
ISBN 13 : 012802738X
Total Pages : 394 pages
Book Rating : 4.1/5 (28 download)

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Book Synopsis Forensic Science Reform by : Wendy J Koen

Download or read book Forensic Science Reform written by Wendy J Koen and published by Academic Press. This book was released on 2016-12-16 with total page 394 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Forensic Science Reform: Protecting the Innocent is written for the nonscientist to help make complicated scientific information clear and concise enough for attorneys and judges to master. This volume covers physical forensic science, namely arson, shaken baby syndrome, non-accidental trauma, bite marks, DNA, ballistics, comparative bullet lead analysis, fingerprint analysis, and hair and fiber analysis, and contains valuable contributions from leading experts in the field of forensic science. - 2018 PROSE Awards - Winner, Award for Textbook/Social Services: Association of American Publishers - Offers training for prosecuting attorneys on the present state of the forensic sciences in order to avoid reliance on legal precedent that lags decades behind the science - Provides defense attorneys the knowledge to defend their clients against flawed science - Arms innocence projects and appellate attorneys with the latest information to challenge convictions that were obtained using faulty science - Uses science-specific case studies to simplify issues in forensic science for the legal professional - Offers a detailed overview of both the failures and progress made in the forensic sciences, making the volume ideal for law school courses covering wrongful convictions, or for undergraduate courses on law, legal ethics, or forensics

Forensic Fraud

Author : Brent E. Turvey
Publisher : Academic Press
ISBN 13 : 0124080588
Total Pages : 297 pages
Book Rating : 4.1/5 (24 download)

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Book Synopsis Forensic Fraud by : Brent E. Turvey

Download or read book Forensic Fraud written by Brent E. Turvey and published by Academic Press. This book was released on 2013-03-18 with total page 297 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Forensic Fraud is the culmination of 12 years of research by author Brent E. Turvey. A practicing forensic scientist since 1996, Turvey has rendered this first of its kind study into the widespread problem of forensic fraud in the United States. It defines the nature and scope of the problem, the cultural attitudes and beliefs of those involved, and establishes clear systemic contributors. Backed up by scrupulous research and hard data, community reforms are proposed and discussed in light of the recently published National Academy of Sciences report on forensic science. An adaptation of Dr. Turvey's doctoral dissertation, this volume relentlessly cites chapter and verse in support of its conclusions that law enforcement cultural and scientific values are incompatible, and that the problem of forensic fraud is systemic in nature. It begins with an overview of forensic fraud as a sub-type of occupational fraud, it explores the extent of fraud in both law enforcement and scientific employment settings, it establishes and then contrasts the core values of law enforcement and scientific cultures and then it provides a comprehensive review of the scientific literature regarding forensic fraud. The final chapters present data from Dr. Turvey's original research into more than 100 fraudulent examiners between 2000 and 2010, consideration of significant findings, and a review of proposed reforms to the forensic science community based on what was learned. It closes with a chapter on the numerous crime lab scandals, and closures that occurred between 2010 and 2012 – an update on the deteriorating state of the forensic science community in the United States subsequent to data collection efforts in the present research. Forensic Fraud is intended for use as a professional reference manual by those working in the criminal system who encounter the phenomenon and want to understand its context and origins. It is intended to help forensic scientist and their supervisors to recognize, manage and expel it; to provide policy makers with the necessary understaffing for acknowledging and mitigating it; and to provide agents of the courts with the knowledge, and confidence, to adjudicate it. It is also useful for those at the university level seeking a strong secondary text for courses on forensic science, law and evidence, or miscarriages of justice. - First of its kind overview of the cultural instigators of forensic fraud - First of its kind research into the nature and impact of forensic fraud, with data (2000-2010) - First of its kind typology of forensic fraud, for use in future case examination in research - Numerous profiles of forensic fraudsters - Review of major crime lab scandals between 2010 and 2012

The Psychology of Criminal Investigation

Author : Andy Griffiths
Publisher : Routledge
ISBN 13 : 1317267354
Total Pages : 336 pages
Book Rating : 4.3/5 (172 download)

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Book Synopsis The Psychology of Criminal Investigation by : Andy Griffiths

Download or read book The Psychology of Criminal Investigation written by Andy Griffiths and published by Routledge. This book was released on 2018-05-20 with total page 336 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The contribution of psychological research to the prevention of miscarriages of justice and the development of effective investigative techniques is now established to a point where law enforcement agencies in numerous countries either employ psychologists as part of their staff, or work in cooperation with academic institutions. The application of psychology to investigation is particularly effective when academics and practitioners work together. This book brings together leading experts to discuss the application of psychology to criminal investigation. This book offers an overview of models of investigation from a psychological and practical view point, covering topics such as investigative decision making, the presentation of evidence, witness testimony, the detection of deception, interviewing suspects and evidence-based police training. It is essential reading for students, researchers and practitioners engaged with police practice, investigation and forensic psychology.

The Psychology and Sociology of Wrongful Convictions

Author : Wendy J Koen
Publisher : Academic Press
ISBN 13 : 0128027029
Total Pages : 406 pages
Book Rating : 4.1/5 (28 download)

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Book Synopsis The Psychology and Sociology of Wrongful Convictions by : Wendy J Koen

Download or read book The Psychology and Sociology of Wrongful Convictions written by Wendy J Koen and published by Academic Press. This book was released on 2018-06-26 with total page 406 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Wrongful convictions are the result of faulty or false scientific evidence in 50% of the cases. Defense counsel is often at a great disadvantage in defending against evidence based on science. Illusory Evidence: The Psychology and Sociology of Wrongful Convictions is written for the non-scientist, to make complicated scientific information clear and concise enough for attorneys and judges to master. This is obtained by providing case studies to simplify issues in forensic psychology for the legal professional. - Increases the courts' knowledge about areas of psychology that have been debunked, have advanced, or have been refined by the scientific community - Covers issues in psychological forensics, namely: Profiling, Psychological Defenses, Mitigation, Eyewitness Testimony/Identification, Child Testimony, Repressed Memories, False Confessions and Moral Panic - Trains prosecuting attorneys about the present state of the forensic psychology, to avoid relying only on legal precedent and will not present flawed science to the court - Provides defense attorneys the knowledge necessary to competently defend where forensic psychology plays a part in a prosecution - Arms innocence projects and appellate attorneys with the latest information to challenge convictions - Uses case studies to simplify issues in forensic psychology for the legal professional