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Foreign Direct Investment And Knowledge Flows
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Book Synopsis Foreign Direct Investment and Knowledge Flows by : Shireen Alazzawi
Download or read book Foreign Direct Investment and Knowledge Flows written by Shireen Alazzawi and published by . This book was released on 2004 with total page 0 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Knowledge flows tend to be highly geographically localized. This has lead researchers to try to find a means through which this localization effect can be minimized. Foreign Direct Investment has been proposed as a possible medium that enhances the ability of nations to exchange knowledge about new ideas. In this paper I use data on more than 1.8 million patents granted in the US and 8.8 million citations belonging to firms of more than thirty countries to determine whether FDI facilitates the flow of knowledge between firms of different nationality. The results indicate a strong positive effect of FDI on knowledge flows. Specifically, I find that on average for all countries in the sample 1) domestic firms are 57% more likely to receive knowledge from foreign firms when the latter are located in the same country. 2) Foreign firms are 78% more likely to receive knowledge from domestic firms when they are located in the same country 3) an extra $1 million in FDI leads to an average of 4% increase in knowledge flows between the investing and the host nations. These results are robust to dropping the US - the country with the largest number of patents in the sample - and to splitting it along economic development lines, and by technological field. I find that Developed Countries' firms can expect to gain knowledge equally well both by locating abroad in countries where intense innovative activity takes place and from MNC subsidiaries that open affiliates in their home country. However, for Newly Industrialized Countries (NIC's), knowledge flows from inward FDI to domestic firms is more than three times as large as that for domestic firms of Developed countries. For NIC's outward FDI, there is no difference between what the home-base can obtain by monitoring the activities of innovating firms abroad from their headquarters at home, and what they can get from their affiliates overseas. Thus, for NIC's it is much more pertinent to try to attract inward FDI than to worry about investing abroad.
Book Synopsis Knowledge Diffusion Through FDI: Worldwide Firm-Level Evidence by : Mr. JaeBin Ahn
Download or read book Knowledge Diffusion Through FDI: Worldwide Firm-Level Evidence written by Mr. JaeBin Ahn and published by International Monetary Fund. This book was released on 2024-07-12 with total page 57 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This paper examines the impact of Foreign Direct Investment (FDI) on knowledge diffusion by analyzing the effect of firm-level FDI activities on cross-border patent citations. We construct a novel firm-level panel dataset that combines worldwide utility patent and citations data with project-level greenfield FDI and crossborder mergers and acquisitions (M&A) data over the past two decades, covering firms across 60 countries. Applying a new local projection difference-indifferences methodology, our analysis reveals that FDI significantly enhances knowledge flows both from and to the investing firms. Citation flows between investing firms and host countries increase by up to around 10.6% to 13% in five years after the initial investment. These effects are stronger when host countries have higher innovation capacities or are technologically more similar to the investing firm. We also uncover knowledge spillovers beyond targeted firms and industries in host countries, which are particularly more pronounced for sectors closely connected in the technology space.
Book Synopsis Disembodied Knowledge Flows in the World Economy by : Suma Athreye
Download or read book Disembodied Knowledge Flows in the World Economy written by Suma Athreye and published by WIPO. This book was released on 2011 with total page 39 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The authors outline the main trends in the growth of disembodied technology trade vis-a-vis international licensing and the trade in research and development and technical services. They show that there is considerable heterogeneity across countries in the form of technology trade that countries specialize in and also suggest these are related to underlying appropriability conditions and intellectual property rights regimes.
Book Synopsis Trade, foreign direct investment, and international technology transfer : a survey by : Kamal Saggi
Download or read book Trade, foreign direct investment, and international technology transfer : a survey written by Kamal Saggi and published by World Bank Publications. This book was released on 2000 with total page 50 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Abstract: May 2000 - How much a developing country can take advantage of technology transfer from foreign direct investment depends partly on how well educated and well trained its workforce is, how much it is willing to invest in research and development, and how much protection it offers for intellectual property rights. Saggi surveys the literature on trade and foreign direct investment - especially wholly owned subsidiaries of multinational firms and international joint ventures - as channels for technology transfer. He also discusses licensing and other arm's-length channels of technology transfer. He concludes: How trade encourages growth depends on whether knowledge spillover is national or international. Spillover is more likely to be national for developing countries than for industrial countries; Local policy often makes pure foreign direct investment infeasible, so foreign firms choose licensing or joint ventures. The jury is still out on whether licensing or joint ventures lead to more learning by local firms; Policies designed to attract foreign direct investment are proliferating. Several plant-level studies have failed to find positive spillover from foreign direct investment to firms competing directly with subsidiaries of multinationals. (However, these studies treat foreign direct investment as exogenous and assume spillover to be horizontal - when it may be vertical.) All such studies do find the subsidiaries of multinationals to be more productive than domestic firms, so foreign direct investment does result in host countries using resources more effectively; Absorptive capacity in the host country is essential for getting significant benefits from foreign direct investment. Without adequate human capital or investments in research and development, spillover fails to materialize; A country's policy on protection of intellectual property rights affects the type of industry it attracts. Firms for which such rights are crucial (such as pharmaceutical firms) are unlikely to invest directly in countries where such protections are weak, or will not invest in manufacturing and research and development activities. Policy on intellectual property rights also influences whether technology transfer comes through licensing, joint ventures, or the establishment of wholly owned subsidiaries. This paper - a product of Trade, Development Research Group - is part of a larger effort in the group to study microfoundations of international technology diffusion. The study was funded by the Bank's Research Support Budget under the research project Microfoundations of International Technology Diffusion. The author may be contacted at [email protected].
Book Synopsis Foreign Direct Investment, China and the World Economy by : P. Buckley
Download or read book Foreign Direct Investment, China and the World Economy written by P. Buckley and published by Springer. This book was released on 2009-11-29 with total page 438 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: China has become such an important element of the global economy that its influence cannot be ignored in almost any field of endeavour. The phenomenal impact of FDI in China and its (largely trade-related) consequences has been well documented and now there is a significant literature on the phenomenon of outward investment from China too. This book is an in depth study of the international business relationships of China covering both inward and outward foreign direct investment, its impact and related theoretical and policy issues. This volume of highly renowned author Peter Buckley's collected papers from 2005-8 continues his interest in the theory of international business (Section I) and policies towards foreign direct investment (FDI) (Section IV) but has a major concentration on China, both as regards outward foreign direct investment (OFDI) from China (Section II) and FDI in China (Section III).
Book Synopsis The Effect of Treaties on Foreign Direct Investment by : Karl P Sauvant
Download or read book The Effect of Treaties on Foreign Direct Investment written by Karl P Sauvant and published by Oxford University Press. This book was released on 2009-03-27 with total page 795 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Over the past twenty years, foreign direct investments have spurred widespread liberalization of the foreign direct investment (FDI) regulatory framework. By opening up to foreign investors and encouraging FDI, which could result in increased capital and market access, many countries have improved the operational conditions for foreign affiliates and strengthened standards of treatment and protection. By assuring investors that their investment will be legally protected with closed bilateral investment treaties (BITs) and double taxation treaties (DTTs), this in turn creates greater interest in FDI.
Book Synopsis Is Foreign Direct Investment a Channel of Knowledge Spillovers? by : Lee Branstetter
Download or read book Is Foreign Direct Investment a Channel of Knowledge Spillovers? written by Lee Branstetter and published by . This book was released on 2000 with total page 54 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Author :European International Business Academy. Conference Publisher :Elsevier ISBN 13 :0762314753 Total Pages :305 pages Book Rating :4.7/5 (623 download)
Book Synopsis Foreign Direct Investment, Location and Competitiveness by : European International Business Academy. Conference
Download or read book Foreign Direct Investment, Location and Competitiveness written by European International Business Academy. Conference and published by Elsevier. This book was released on 2008 with total page 305 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This volume addresses some of the critical issues now demanding the attention of International Business teachers and researchers. From several angles, the contributions analyze factors which may explain, and/or influence the relationship between the competitiveness of multinational enterprises (MNEs) and the countries in which they operate. More particularly, the four main issues address: the recent advances in the determinants and strategy of multinational business activity; the determinants of location competitiveness of countries; the competitiveness of emergent and developing countries and the locational responses of both indigenous and foreign-owned firms; and the policy challenges raised by the highly fragmented, and often uncoordinated international regulatory framework on government FDI. It is hoped the contents of the volume will be of interest to international business scholars, senior executives of multinational enterprises and national policy makers interested in advancing their competitiveness by engaging in outward, and encouraging inward foreign direct investment. This book addresses some of the critical issues now demanding the attention of International Business teachers and researchers. This book is published annually.
Book Synopsis Knowledge Flows, Innovation and Multinational Firms by : Shireen AlDemerdashi AlAzzawi
Download or read book Knowledge Flows, Innovation and Multinational Firms written by Shireen AlDemerdashi AlAzzawi and published by . This book was released on 2005 with total page 348 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Book Synopsis Trade, Foreign Direct Investment, and International Technology Transfer by : Kamal Saggi
Download or read book Trade, Foreign Direct Investment, and International Technology Transfer written by Kamal Saggi and published by . This book was released on 2010 with total page pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: What role does trade play in international technology transfer? Do technologies introduced by multinational firms diffuse to local firms? What kinds of policies have proved successful in encouraging technology absorption from abroad and why? Using these questions as motivation, this article surveys the recent trade literature on international technology transfer, paying particular attention to the role of foreign direct investment. The literature argues that trade necessarily encourages growth only if knowledge spillovers are international in scope. Empirical evidence on the scope of knowledge spillovers (national versus international) is ambiguous. Several recent empirical plant-level studies have questioned earlier studies that argued that foreign direct investment has a positive impact on the productivity of local firms. Yet at the aggregate level, evidence supports the view that foreign direct investment has a positive effect on economic growth in the host country.
Book Synopsis Determinants of FDI Flows within Emerging Economies by : A. Mironko
Download or read book Determinants of FDI Flows within Emerging Economies written by A. Mironko and published by Springer. This book was released on 2014-05-29 with total page 325 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This study provides a detailed examination of foreign direct investment (FDI) in Poland and explores the impact this has on foreign investment policy. It analyzes and identifies location patterns of FDI and strives to determine the supporting motives behind location choices of foreign companies.
Book Synopsis Foreign Direct Investment and Corporate Networking by : Robert L. A. Morsink
Download or read book Foreign Direct Investment and Corporate Networking written by Robert L. A. Morsink and published by Edward Elgar Publishing. This book was released on 1998-01-01 with total page 280 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This innovative book analyses the geographical patterns in foreign direct investment flows by combining elements from the theory of international production and the theory of economic geography. It develops a model for explaining why foreign direct investment is attracted to certain locations. Foreign Direct Investment and Corporate Networking will be of interest to economists working in the areas of international trade and investment, economic geographers and corporate strategy advisors as well as to policy makers from government and non-governmental organisations.
Book Synopsis Determinants of Knowledge Transfer from Foreign Direct Investments by : Umut Ekmekci
Download or read book Determinants of Knowledge Transfer from Foreign Direct Investments written by Umut Ekmekci and published by LAP Lambert Academic Publishing. This book was released on 2010-06 with total page 260 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: It is commonly thought that the inward foreign direct investment (FDI) flow has positive impacts on the economic growth of host countries by creating new employment opportunities, accumulation of capital stock, and "spillovers" of superior technology and knowledge to host economy and to local firms. Especially for less developed countries transfer of advanced technology and technological knowledge is regarded a critical factor to upgrade their national technological capabilities and hence, economic development. Thus it is generally suggested for less developed countries to improve their national investment climate to attract more foreign direct investments (FDIs). However, previous studies in different country contexts showed that transfer of advanced technological knowledge is not an automatic outcome of the FDI inflow. Transfer of knowledge requires certain level of capabilities and efforts of both MNC foreign affiliates and local firms, and certain level of collaboration among them. This research aims to explore the determinants of the knowledge transfer from foreign affiliates of multinational corporations to local firms in supplier-buyer relationships.
Book Synopsis The Technological Role of Inward Foreign Direct Investment in Central East Europe by : J. Stephan
Download or read book The Technological Role of Inward Foreign Direct Investment in Central East Europe written by J. Stephan and published by Springer. This book was released on 2013-09-27 with total page 312 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Foreign direct investment (FDI) assumed a prominent role in Central East Europe (CEE) early on in the transition process. Foreign investors were assigned the task of restructuring markets, providing capital and knowledge for investment in technologically outdated and financially ailing firms.
Book Synopsis FDI, Technology and Innovation by : N. S. Siddharthan
Download or read book FDI, Technology and Innovation written by N. S. Siddharthan and published by Springer Nature. This book was released on 2020-03-13 with total page 257 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This book concentrates on major changes that are now taking place in the fields of technology, foreign direct investment (FDI), trade and development strategies, with a particular focus on India. Arguably, these changes are likely to differ from those that the world has experienced over the past few decades; in particular, now that many countries have globalised their economies. The book begins by reviewing the changing pattern of FDI flows and technologies among developed and emerging economies, before identifying the determinants of this change by presenting specific studies on Indian industries. It then addresses key questions such as: How are knowledge spillover mechanisms operationalised, and what are the implications of the internationalisation of the IPR process? The role of FDI is also analysed in order to make policy recommendations for fostering innovation in emerging economies like India. The respective chapters examine the process through which technological paradigm and trajectory shifts are taking place, the factors that facilitate such shifts, the changing pattern of FDI, and the shifting focus of international trade and development strategies – four broad themes that are interrelated and mutually reinforcing. The book offers important takeaways for all social scientists, technologists and business schools interested in Indian studies; it will also benefit researchers whose work involves development economics, industrial organisation and technology, and the economy / society interface.
Book Synopsis Globalization and Technology Absorption in Europe and Central Asia by : Itzhak Goldberg
Download or read book Globalization and Technology Absorption in Europe and Central Asia written by Itzhak Goldberg and published by World Bank Working Papers. This book was released on 2008 with total page 152 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Innovation and cross-border absorption of knowledge are central forces behind economic convergence and sustained growth. Absorption of technology is considered a necessary step to promote the development of human capital and the productive base, paving the way for innovations at the global knowledge frontier. Research and development, patents, trade, and foreign direct investment are major channels of technological absorption, allowing diffusion of new ideas and manufacturing best practices among countries and firms. These channels constitute the central focus of this study. This study uses patent databases, surveys of enterprises, and case studies to investigate how the presence of specific channels of absorption molds decision making about technology. Trade and FDI flows show considerable promise as catalysts for the region to upgrade its technology and near the global technology frontier. Econometric analysis using enterprise surveys from all Europe and Central Asia countries helps us understand the conditions and policies that induce firms to incorporate external knowledge and technology into their overall growth strategies. We find evidence of learning by exporting, underscoring the importance of trade as a driver of absorption. A case study of several manufacturing firms in Serbia complements this perspective, providing a detailed picture of the positive dynamics that are produced by FDI, particularly in terms of investment and risk-taking incentives that are critical for technology absorption. Examination of patent citations shows that cross-border knowledge flows remain weak. Consequently, science and innovation policies should foster greater integration of the region's substantial science and engineering resources with those of the rest of the world. These policies should encourage international collaboration and closer connection between the region's public sector R&D and global private sector efforts.
Book Synopsis Knowledge Spillovers, Trade, and FDI by : Wolfgang Keller
Download or read book Knowledge Spillovers, Trade, and FDI written by Wolfgang Keller and published by . This book was released on 2021 with total page pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This paper studies knowledge spillovers, positive externalities that augment the information set of an economic agent, and reviews the evidence on such spillovers in the context of international economic transactions. The entry discusses trade channels of knowledge transfer associated with purchases from abroad (imports) and sales to abroad (exports). Another focus is on the foreign direct investment (FDI) channel through purchases from abroad (inward FDI) and sales to abroad (outward FDI). The entry also distinguishes knowledge flows from foreign to domestic agents and from domestic to foreign agents. The entry underlines the importance of empirical methodology and data characteristics that determine the quality of econometric identification. Even though spillovers are by their very nature-as externalities-difficult to identify, over recent decades a number of advances have produced robust evidence that both trade and foreign direct investment lead to sizable knowledge spillovers. These advances have been both conceptual as well as in the areas of empirical methodology and new data.
