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Food Web Implications Of Reintroducing Anadromous Salmonids In Reservoirs On The North Fork Lewis River Washington
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Book Synopsis Food-web Implications of Reintroducing Anadromous Salmonids in Reservoirs on the North Fork Lewis River, Washington by : Mark Henry Sorel
Download or read book Food-web Implications of Reintroducing Anadromous Salmonids in Reservoirs on the North Fork Lewis River, Washington written by Mark Henry Sorel and published by . This book was released on 2015 with total page 124 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Reintroductions using active transport (trap-and-haul) of anadromous salmonids around impassable high-head dams are being proposed with increasing frequency in the Pacific Northwest. Such reintroductions have already begun or are proposed above three dams on the North Fork Lewis River in Washington State. Spring Chinook Salmon Oncorhynchus tshawytscha and Coho Salmon O. kisutch have been observed rearing in several lakes and reservoirs elsewhere, raising the question of the potential for reservoir habitat to contribute to smolt production in the Lewis River. To determine whether the Lewis River Reservoirs can support reintroduced populations of juvenile salmonids, we evaluated prey supply and consumption demand of resident fishes to estimate the carrying capacity for planktivores. We also evaluated the potential predation impact of Northern Pikeminnow Ptychocheilus oregonensis on reintroduced anadromous salmonids in Merwin Reservoir, in response to concern that predation by the large population of native piscivores could undermine the reintroduction effort. To achieve these objectives, we examined the thermal regime, food-web structure, invertebrate abundance and distribution, and fish abundance and distribution in a spatiotemporally explicit manner in each reservoir. We then quantified trophic interactions with bioenergetics and population modeling. In all three reservoirs on the North Fork Lewis River, estimates of prey supply suggested that a moderate surplus of food was available to support the addition of juvenile anadromous salmonid consumption demand. The preliminary estimates for the abundance of sub-yearling salmonids that could be supported ranged 130,000-330,000 for each of the individual reservoirs; however, investigation into the behavior and growth of juvenile anadromous salmonids in the reservoirs would refine these estimates. Estimates of predation rates on resident salmonids were used to infer potential predation rates on reintroduced anadromous salmonids rearing year-round or migrating through Merwin Reservoir. We found that per-capita predation rates by Northern Pikeminnow were relatively low due to non-overlapping distributions during much of the growing season and the size structure of the predator population. The annual predation of Kokanee Oncorhynchus nerka by a size-structured population of 1,000 Northern Pikeminnow >̲ 300 mm was analogous to predation losses of 16,000-40,000 sub-yearling spring Chinook rearing in Merwin Reservoir year-round. Estimated salmonid consumption by 1,000 Northern Pikeminnow during peak smolt out-migration (April-June), if directed solely at migrating smolts, was analogous to 400-1,000 yearling spring Chinook Salmon (18-45 g each). These results can help managers set goals for the ongoing and proposed reintroductions of anadromous salmonids in the Lewis River that are desirable to stakeholders and realistic given the constraints of habitat, food supply, and predation losses.
Book Synopsis Habitat Requirements of Anadromous Salmonids by : D. W. Reiser
Download or read book Habitat Requirements of Anadromous Salmonids written by D. W. Reiser and published by . This book was released on 1979 with total page 68 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Book Synopsis Quantitative Food Webs to Detangel Co-Limitation and Guide Restoration in Natal Salmon Streams by : John August Jorgensen
Download or read book Quantitative Food Webs to Detangel Co-Limitation and Guide Restoration in Natal Salmon Streams written by John August Jorgensen and published by . This book was released on 2021 with total page 0 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The precipitous decline of anadromous salmonids across the Pacific Northwest is a consequence of anthropogenic changes to freshwater and marine environments. Massive efforts in recent decades to restore natal streams in the Columbia River Basin have taken place with the hope of correcting some of the anthropogenic degradations affecting freshwater life stages. The effectiveness of these restoration actions, however, remains equivocal and represents a fundamental gap in our knowledge and decision making. Recently critiques of effectiveness monitoring have argued for developing a food web approach. In this dissertation I use a trophic basis of production methodology to construct quantitative flow food webs to understand the effect of stream restoration on rearing salmonids. This ecosystem approach uses annual mass/balance calculations to construct energy flow, as well as estimates of food based carrying capacity for fish species. My dissertation consists of four chapters on the development and application of quantitative food webs based on a restoration of a spring ecosystem in north central Washington State (USA). Overall, my dissertation results provide strong evidence that restored riverine habitat can support significantly higher levels (266%) of annual fish production compared to un-restored conditions. However, results also show that invasive brook trout gained the most resource benefit, producing more annual accrued biomass than all target species combined. Using an empirical modelling approach, I simulated the potential carrying capacity gains if brook trout were selectively removed, gains ranged between 18-89%, depending on fish species. By developing this approach, researchers can now evaluate separate as well as additive effects of multiple restoration actions. The method produces both a diagnostic and effectiveness metric, allowing restoration practitioners the ability to chronologically prescribe multiple treatments based on priority limiting factors. Broad application of this quantitative food web approach would significantly improve our understanding of the ecological benefits of contrasting restoration actions aimed at improving freshwater ecosystems and the production of native fishes.
Book Synopsis Forestry Impacts on Freshwater Habitat of Anadromous Salmonids in the Pacific Northwest and Alaska by : Michael L. Murphy
Download or read book Forestry Impacts on Freshwater Habitat of Anadromous Salmonids in the Pacific Northwest and Alaska written by Michael L. Murphy and published by . This book was released on 1995 with total page 184 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: "[P]resents a science overview of the major forest management issues involved in the recovery of anadromous salmonids affected by timber harvest in the Pacific Northwest and Alaska. The synthesis reviews salmonid habitat requirements and potential effects of logging, describes the technical foundation of forest practices and restoration, analyzes current federal and non-federal forest practices, and recommends required elements of comprehensive watershed management for recovery of anadromous salmonids"--Note to readers (p. [ii]).
Book Synopsis Influence of Forest and Rangeland Management on Anadromous Fish Habitat in Western North America: Habitat requirements of anadromous salmonids by : William R. Meehan
Download or read book Influence of Forest and Rangeland Management on Anadromous Fish Habitat in Western North America: Habitat requirements of anadromous salmonids written by William R. Meehan and published by . This book was released on 1979 with total page 64 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Book Synopsis Risk Assessment for the Reintroduction of Anadromous Salmonids Upstream of Chief Joseph and Grand Coulee Dams, Northeastern Washington by : Jill M. Hardiman
Download or read book Risk Assessment for the Reintroduction of Anadromous Salmonids Upstream of Chief Joseph and Grand Coulee Dams, Northeastern Washington written by Jill M. Hardiman and published by . This book was released on 1978 with total page 87 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Book Synopsis The Implications for Forest Management of the Introduction of Anadromous Fish Into the White Salmon River in Southwest Washington by : Virginia Anne Stern
Download or read book The Implications for Forest Management of the Introduction of Anadromous Fish Into the White Salmon River in Southwest Washington written by Virginia Anne Stern and published by . This book was released on 1988 with total page 222 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Book Synopsis Survey of Artificial Production of Anadromous Salmonids in the Columbia River Basin by : Percy Washington
Download or read book Survey of Artificial Production of Anadromous Salmonids in the Columbia River Basin written by Percy Washington and published by . This book was released on 2000 with total page 229 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Book Synopsis Stable Isotope Analysis Pertaining to the Presence of Anadromous Salmon in Pre-dam Lake Cushman and the North Fork Skokomish River in Mason County, Washington by : Victor Stanculescu
Download or read book Stable Isotope Analysis Pertaining to the Presence of Anadromous Salmon in Pre-dam Lake Cushman and the North Fork Skokomish River in Mason County, Washington written by Victor Stanculescu and published by . This book was released on 2003 with total page 74 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Book Synopsis Survey of Artificial Production of Anadromous Salmonids in the Columbia River Basin by : Percy Matthieu Washington
Download or read book Survey of Artificial Production of Anadromous Salmonids in the Columbia River Basin written by Percy Matthieu Washington and published by . This book was released on 1985 with total page 83 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book The Reaches Project written by and published by . This book was released on 2002 with total page pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The Yakima River system historically produced robust annual runs of chinook, sockeye, chum and coho salmon and steelhead. Many different stocks or life history types existed because the physiography of the basin is diverse, ranging from very dry and hot in the high desert of the lower basin to cold and wet in the Cascade Mountains of the headwaters (Snyder and Stanford 2001). Habitat diversity and life history diversity of salmonids are closely correlated in the Yakima Basin. Moreover, habitat diversity for salmonids and many other fishes maximizes in floodplain reaches of river systems (Ward and Stanford 1995, Independent Scientific Group 2000). The flood plains of Yakima River likely were extremely important for spawning and rearing of anadromous salmonids (Snyder and Stanford 2001). However, Yakima River flood plains are substantially degraded. Primary problems are: revetments that disconnect main and side channel habitats; dewatering associated with irrigation that changes base flow conditions and degrades the shallow-water food web; chemical and thermal pollution that prevents proper maturation of eggs and juveniles; and extensive gravel mining within the floodplain reaches that has severed groundwater-channel connectivity, increased thermal loading and increased opportunities for invasions of nonnative species. The Yakima River is too altered from its natural state to allow anything close to the historical abundance and diversity of anadromous fishes. Habitat loss, overharvest and dam and reservoir passage problems in the mainstem Columbia River downstream of the Yakima, coupled with ocean productivity variation, also are implicated in the loss of Yakima fisheries. Nonetheless, in an earlier analysis, Snyder and Stanford (2001) concluded that a significant amount of physical habitat remains in the five floodplain reaches of the mainstem river because habitat-structuring floods do still occur on the remaining expanses of floodplain environment. Assuming main stem and ocean bottlenecks are not overriding, restoration of floodplain connectivity by elevating base flows throughout the corridor, removing revetments and refilling gravel pits by natural riverine transport of gravel where possible could be successful in substantially enhancing Yakima salmon and steelhead runs. Hence, the overarching purpose of this research was to determine the ecology of major floodplain reaches of the Yakima River: Cle Elum, Kittitas, Naches, Union Gap and Wapato. Specifically, the study documented groundwater-channel connectivity and flow relations; use and quality of side channel and other floodplain habitats by salmonid fishes; and classification and analysis of floodplain habitat using remote sensing and documentation of geomorphic processes, required for a robust understanding of the feasibility of revetment removal and establishment of a normative flow regime for the mainstem river.
Book Synopsis Effects of Recreational Fishing on Anadromous Salmonids by : Gilbert B. Pauley
Download or read book Effects of Recreational Fishing on Anadromous Salmonids written by Gilbert B. Pauley and published by . This book was released on 1982 with total page 85 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Book Synopsis Pristine Production of Anadromous Salmonids - North Fork Little Hoquiam River by : D. W. Chapman
Download or read book Pristine Production of Anadromous Salmonids - North Fork Little Hoquiam River written by D. W. Chapman and published by . This book was released on 1981 with total page 0 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Book Synopsis Seaward Migration of Anadromous Salmonids in the Columbia and Snake Rivers Including a Case Study at Wanapum Dam by : Rolf Lee Evenson
Download or read book Seaward Migration of Anadromous Salmonids in the Columbia and Snake Rivers Including a Case Study at Wanapum Dam written by Rolf Lee Evenson and published by . This book was released on 1997 with total page 354 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Book Synopsis Cle Elum Lake Anadromous Salmon Restoration Feasibility Study by :
Download or read book Cle Elum Lake Anadromous Salmon Restoration Feasibility Study written by and published by . This book was released on 2000 with total page 118 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The focus of this research was to study the feasibility for anadromous salmonids to recolonize the habitat above reservoirs in the Yakima River without disruption to irrigation withdrawals. A primary concern was whether anadromous fish could successfully exit reservoirs and survive downstream passage through the Yakima and Columbia Rivers to the ocean.
Book Synopsis The Impact of Environmental and Management Factors on Washington's Wild Anadromous Salmon and Trout by : John F. Palmisano
Download or read book The Impact of Environmental and Management Factors on Washington's Wild Anadromous Salmon and Trout written by John F. Palmisano and published by . This book was released on 1993 with total page 54 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book Pacific Salmon written by and published by . This book was released on 1995 with total page 2 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
