Food Security Tipping Points Using Remote Sensing To Improve Famine Early Warning Systems

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Food Security Tipping Points: Using Remote Sensing to Improve Famine Early Warning Systems

Author : Prasanna Krishna Krishnamurthy Reddiar
Publisher :
ISBN 13 :
Total Pages : 139 pages
Book Rating : 4.:/5 (122 download)

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Book Synopsis Food Security Tipping Points: Using Remote Sensing to Improve Famine Early Warning Systems by : Prasanna Krishna Krishnamurthy Reddiar

Download or read book Food Security Tipping Points: Using Remote Sensing to Improve Famine Early Warning Systems written by Prasanna Krishna Krishnamurthy Reddiar and published by . This book was released on 2020 with total page 139 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: With a growing population and climate-related disasters projected to become more severe, the need to anticipate and better prepare for food crises has never been higher. Status quo early warning systems perform well, by and large, but complex weather phenomena are a major source of uncertainty. In this dissertation, I explore whether statistical diagnostics associated with tipping point theory can be used to improve detection of major crises. First, the accuracy of early warning systems is evaluated - with a focus on the Greater Horn of Africa. I discuss geographical disparities in early warning skill, and explore the various sources of uncertainty that impact food security projection accuracy. I quantify the contribution of climate forecast skill and conflict events in overall early warning skill to use as a baseline upon which to improve. Second, the potential applications of tipping point theory are discussed in relation to the use of remotely-sensed environmental variables for food security early warning. I evaluate the different statistical diagnostics that can be applied to identify food security tipping points and the data requirements in terms of spatial and temporal resolutions, data availability, latency and geographic coverage in order to be maximally useful for early warning analysis. Finally, I test whether statistical diagnostics of tipping points can be used for detection of food security transitions. Through this work, I demonstrate the utility of combining soil moisture measurements from the SMAP mission with food price data for identifying transitions, with a lead time of approximately 3 months. The model presented here was used to detect all major food security transitions (both towards and away from a crisis) in the observational record of soil moisture. Importantly, the diagnostics are also correlated with the magnitude of change in food security conditions which is critical information for food security planning. Overall, the dissertation advances the science and capabilities of food security early warning, which will lead to an improvement in saving lives and resources.

Contributions of Land Remote Sensing for Decisions About Food Security and Human Health

Author : National Research Council
Publisher : National Academies Press
ISBN 13 : 0309102952
Total Pages : 112 pages
Book Rating : 4.3/5 (91 download)

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Book Synopsis Contributions of Land Remote Sensing for Decisions About Food Security and Human Health by : National Research Council

Download or read book Contributions of Land Remote Sensing for Decisions About Food Security and Human Health written by National Research Council and published by National Academies Press. This book was released on 2007-01-13 with total page 112 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Land remote sensing: the use of space-based satellite technologies to obtain information on environmental variables such as land-use and land-covering combination with other types of data can provide information on changes in the Earth's surface and atmosphere that are critical for forecasting and responding to human welfare issues, such as disease outbreaks, food shortages, and floods. This book summarizes a workshop on the potential contributions of remotely sensed data to land-use and land-cover change and ways to use physical, biological, temporal, and social characteristics of particular locations to support decisions about human welfare. The discussions focused on human health and food security, two aspects of human welfare in which remotely-sensed environmental conditions play a key role. Examples illustrating the possibilities for applying remote sensing for societal benefit are included throughout the report. As a result of the workshop, three themes were identified that, if fostered, could help realize the potential for the application of land remote sensing to decisions about human welfare: (1) integration of spatial data on environmental conditions derived from remote sensing with socioeconomic data; (2) communication between remote sensing scientists and decision makers to determine effective use of land remote sensing data for human welfare issues; and (3) acquisition and access to long-term environmental data and development of capacity to interpret these data.

Review of the available remote sensing tools, products, methodologies and data to improve crop production forecasts

Author : Food and Agriculture Organization of the United Nations
Publisher : Food & Agriculture Org.
ISBN 13 : 9251098409
Total Pages : 94 pages
Book Rating : 4.2/5 (51 download)

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Book Synopsis Review of the available remote sensing tools, products, methodologies and data to improve crop production forecasts by : Food and Agriculture Organization of the United Nations

Download or read book Review of the available remote sensing tools, products, methodologies and data to improve crop production forecasts written by Food and Agriculture Organization of the United Nations and published by Food & Agriculture Org.. This book was released on 2018-05-31 with total page 94 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Timely and reliable agricultural production forecasts are critical to make informed food policy decisions and enable rapid responses to emerging food shortfalls. Sub-Saharan Africa is subject to highly variable yield, production and consumption, occasioned by high climate variability, rapidly increasing populations, and limited financial capacity. This review examines the current status of the remote sensing (RS) tools, products, methodologies and data that can help to improve agricultural crop production forecasting systems.

Famine Early Warning Systems Network

Author :
Publisher :
ISBN 13 :
Total Pages : pages
Book Rating : 4.:/5 (846 download)

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Book Synopsis Famine Early Warning Systems Network by :

Download or read book Famine Early Warning Systems Network written by and published by . This book was released on with total page pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The Goal of the Famine Early Warning Systems Network (FEWS NET) is to strengthen the abilities of African countries and regional organizations to manage risk of food insecurity through the provision of timely and analytical early warning and vulnerability information. FEWS NET is a USAID-funded activity that collaborates with international, national, and regional partners to provide timely and rigorous early warning and vulnerability information on emerging or evolving food security issues. FEWS NET professionals in the US and Africa monitor various data and information--including remotely sensed data and ground-based meteorological, crop and rangeland conditions--as early indications of potential threats to food security.

Remote Sensing of Drought

Author : Brian D. Wardlow
Publisher : CRC Press
ISBN 13 : 1439835578
Total Pages : 487 pages
Book Rating : 4.4/5 (398 download)

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Book Synopsis Remote Sensing of Drought by : Brian D. Wardlow

Download or read book Remote Sensing of Drought written by Brian D. Wardlow and published by CRC Press. This book was released on 2012-04-24 with total page 487 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Remote Sensing of Drought: Innovative Monitoring Approaches presents emerging remote sensing-based tools and techniques that can be applied to operational drought monitoring and early warning around the world. The first book to focus on remote sensing and drought monitoring, it brings together a wealth of information that has been scattered throughout the literature and across many disciplines. Featuring contributions by leading scientists, it assembles a cross-section of globally applicable techniques that are currently operational or have potential to be operational in the near future. The book explores a range of applications for monitoring four critical components of the hydrological cycle related to drought: vegetation health, evapotranspiration, soil moisture and groundwater, and precipitation. These applications use remotely sensed optical, thermal, microwave, radar, and gravity data from instruments such as AMSR-E, GOES, GRACE, MERIS, MODIS, and Landsat and implement several advanced modeling and data assimilation techniques. Examples show how to integrate this information into routine drought products. The book also examines the role of satellite remote sensing within traditional drought monitoring, as well as current challenges and future prospects. Improving drought monitoring is becoming increasingly important in addressing a wide range of societal issues, from food security and water scarcity to human health, ecosystem services, and energy production. This unique book surveys innovative remote sensing approaches to provide you with new perspectives on large-area drought monitoring and early warning.

Remote Sensing Application II

Author : Tofael Ahamed
Publisher : Springer Nature
ISBN 13 : 9819711886
Total Pages : 475 pages
Book Rating : 4.8/5 (197 download)

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Book Synopsis Remote Sensing Application II by : Tofael Ahamed

Download or read book Remote Sensing Application II written by Tofael Ahamed and published by Springer Nature. This book was released on with total page 475 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:

Remote Sensing for Food Security

Author : Felix Kogan
Publisher :
ISBN 13 : 9783319962573
Total Pages : pages
Book Rating : 4.9/5 (625 download)

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Book Synopsis Remote Sensing for Food Security by : Felix Kogan

Download or read book Remote Sensing for Food Security written by Felix Kogan and published by . This book was released on 2019 with total page pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: "This volume gathers a variety of applications for remote sensing of vegetation health (VH) and concretely shows how this information can be used in service of ending hunger and of ensuring future food security. In this book's ten chapters, Dr. Felix Kogan, one of the most prolific scientists in this sphere, shows how a new VH method, designed from operational environmental satellite data, can be used to provide advanced predictions of agricultural losses, helping to enhance food security and reducing the number of hungry people. Topics covered include the scientific basis of the VH method, drought monitoring, prediction of short-term agricultural yield and crop insurance, and impacts of long term climate variability an change on food security. Short discussion on VH for human health-related topics such as detection and prediction of malaria and fire risk is included, as well."--Publisher's description.

Remote Sensing of Global Croplands for Food Security

Author : Prasad Thenkabail
Publisher : CRC Press
ISBN 13 : 1420090100
Total Pages : 548 pages
Book Rating : 4.4/5 (2 download)

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Book Synopsis Remote Sensing of Global Croplands for Food Security by : Prasad Thenkabail

Download or read book Remote Sensing of Global Croplands for Food Security written by Prasad Thenkabail and published by CRC Press. This book was released on 2009-06-24 with total page 548 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Increases in populations have created an increasing demand for food crops while increases in demand for biofuels have created an increase in demand for fuel crops. What has not increased is the amount of croplands and their productivity. These and many other factors such as decreasing water resources in a changing climate have created a crisis like

People and Pixels

Author : National Research Council
Publisher : National Academies Press
ISBN 13 : 0309064082
Total Pages : 267 pages
Book Rating : 4.3/5 (9 download)

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Book Synopsis People and Pixels by : National Research Council

Download or read book People and Pixels written by National Research Council and published by National Academies Press. This book was released on 1998-06-21 with total page 267 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Space-based sensors are giving us an ever-closer and more comprehensive look at the earth's surface; they also have the potential to tell us about human activity. This volume examines the possibilities for using remote sensing technology to improve understanding of social processes and human-environment interactions. Examples include deforestation and regrowth in Brazil, population-environment interactions in Thailand, ancient and modern rural development in Guatemala, and urbanization in the United States, as well as early warnings of famine and disease outbreaks. The book also provides information on current sources of remotely sensed data and metadata and discusses what is involved in establishing effective collaborative efforts between scientists working with remote sensing technology and those working on social and environmental issues.

Handbook for Defining and Setting Up a Food Security Information and Early Warning System (FSIEWS).

Author : Food and Agriculture Organization of the United Nations
Publisher : Food & Agriculture Org.
ISBN 13 : 9789251045091
Total Pages : 144 pages
Book Rating : 4.0/5 (45 download)

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Book Synopsis Handbook for Defining and Setting Up a Food Security Information and Early Warning System (FSIEWS). by : Food and Agriculture Organization of the United Nations

Download or read book Handbook for Defining and Setting Up a Food Security Information and Early Warning System (FSIEWS). written by Food and Agriculture Organization of the United Nations and published by Food & Agriculture Org.. This book was released on 2001 with total page 144 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The World Food Summit, held in Rome in November 1996, recognised the urgent need for better information. As a result the FIVIMS (Food Insecurity and Vulnerability Information and Mapping System) initiative was launched, as a co-operative venture, to assist countries and the international community to identify the "who, where and why" of food insecurity. Even before the Summit, many countries had established approaches for this purpose based on multidisciplinary networks, at national and local levels. One of these approaches, developed first in French-speaking Africa, is the FSIEWS method (Food Security Information and Early Warning System) proposed in this handbook as one of the tools available to those engaged in the fight against hunger. This contribution to the FIVIMS initiative is addressed to the national technical officers at central and decentralised level, as well as to their collaborators from the technical assistance community.

New Challenges to Food Security

Author : Ian Christoplos
Publisher : Routledge
ISBN 13 : 1136777679
Total Pages : 410 pages
Book Rating : 4.1/5 (367 download)

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Book Synopsis New Challenges to Food Security by : Ian Christoplos

Download or read book New Challenges to Food Security written by Ian Christoplos and published by Routledge. This book was released on 2014-11-13 with total page 410 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Food security is high on the political agenda. Fears about societal insecurity due to food price increases and hunger, grave scenarios regarding the effects of climate change and general uncertainty about the impacts of investments in biofuels and so-call “land grabbing” on food prices and availability have meant that food security is now recognised as being a multifaceted challenge. This book is unique in that it will bring together analyses of these different factors that impact on food security. This volume will describe a range of different perspectives on food security, with an emphasis on the various meanings that are applied to food security “crisis”. The challenges to be reviewed include market volatility, climate change and state fragility. Analyses of responses to food security crises and risk will cover rural and urban contexts, arenas of national policy formation and global food regimes, and investment in land and productive technologies. This book is unique in two respects. First, it takes a step back from the normative literature focused on specific factors of, for example, climate change, agricultural production or market volatility to look instead at the dynamic interplay between these new challenges. It helps readers to understand that food security is not one discourse, but is rather related to how these different factors generate multiple risks and opportunities. Second, through the case studies the book particularly emphasises how these factors come together at local levels as farmers, entrepreneurs, consumers, local government officials and others are making key decisions about what will be done to address food security and whose food security will be given priority. The book will explore how food production and consumption is embedded in powerful political and market forces and how these influence local actions.

Abrupt Impacts of Climate Change

Author : National Research Council
Publisher : National Academies Press
ISBN 13 : 0309287766
Total Pages : 281 pages
Book Rating : 4.3/5 (92 download)

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Book Synopsis Abrupt Impacts of Climate Change by : National Research Council

Download or read book Abrupt Impacts of Climate Change written by National Research Council and published by National Academies Press. This book was released on 2013-12-31 with total page 281 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Climate is changing, forced out of the range of the past million years by levels of carbon dioxide and other greenhouse gases not seen in the Earth's atmosphere for a very, very long time. Lacking action by the world's nations, it is clear that the planet will be warmer, sea level will rise, and patterns of rainfall will change. But the future is also partly uncertain-there is considerable uncertainty about how we will arrive at that different climate. Will the changes be gradual, allowing natural systems and societal infrastructure to adjust in a timely fashion? Or will some of the changes be more abrupt, crossing some threshold or "tipping point" to change so fast that the time between when a problem is recognized and when action is required shrinks to the point where orderly adaptation is not possible? Abrupt Impacts of Climate Change is an updated look at the issue of abrupt climate change and its potential impacts. This study differs from previous treatments of abrupt changes by focusing on abrupt climate changes and also abrupt climate impacts that have the potential to severely affect the physical climate system, natural systems, or human systems, often affecting multiple interconnected areas of concern. The primary timescale of concern is years to decades. A key characteristic of these changes is that they can come faster than expected, planned, or budgeted for, forcing more reactive, rather than proactive, modes of behavior. Abrupt Impacts of Climate Change summarizes the state of our knowledge about potential abrupt changes and abrupt climate impacts and categorizes changes that are already occurring, have a high probability of occurrence, or are unlikely to occur. Because of the substantial risks to society and nature posed by abrupt changes, this report recommends the development of an Abrupt Change Early Warning System that would allow for the prediction and possible mitigation of such changes before their societal impacts are severe. Identifying key vulnerabilities can help guide efforts to increase resiliency and avoid large damages from abrupt change in the climate system, or in abrupt impacts of gradual changes in the climate system, and facilitate more informed decisions on the proper balance between mitigation and adaptation. Although there is still much to learn about abrupt climate change and abrupt climate impacts, to willfully ignore the threat of abrupt change could lead to more costs, loss of life, suffering, and environmental degradation. Abrupt Impacts of Climate Change makes the case that the time is here to be serious about the threat of tipping points so as to better anticipate and prepare ourselves for the inevitable surprises.

Assessment of Food Security Early Warning Systems for East and Southern Africa

Author : Ademola Braimoh
Publisher :
ISBN 13 :
Total Pages : pages
Book Rating : 4.:/5 (112 download)

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Book Synopsis Assessment of Food Security Early Warning Systems for East and Southern Africa by : Ademola Braimoh

Download or read book Assessment of Food Security Early Warning Systems for East and Southern Africa written by Ademola Braimoh and published by . This book was released on 2018 with total page pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The risk of the El Nino-induced food insecurity in southern Africa in 2016; the recent risk of famine in northern Kenya, Somalia, Ethiopia, and South Sudan; and the recent outbreak of the fall armyworm (FAW) in East and Southern Africa (ESA) all demonstrate that responses are still largely reactive than proactive. Inadequate early warning systems (EWSs), coupled with limited investment and weak institutional and technical capacity, are implicated in contributing to food insecurity-related emergencies in ESA. Yet over the years, strong evidence has emerged on the benefits of investing in EWSs. In Ethiopia, investing in a drought EWS, which would reduce livelihood losses and dependence on assistance, has a benefit-cost ratio (BCR) of between 3:1 and 6:1. Similarly, the BCR of improving national hydro-meteorological services in developing countries ranges from 4:1 to 36:1. Consistent with one of the goals of the Sendai Framework for Disaster Risk Reduction (SFDRR), increasing investment in EWSs would contribute to a substantial increase in the availability of, and access to multi hazard and disaster risk information, one of the key inputs in achieving the sustainable development goals (SDGs).

Fews Net

Author : United States Agency of International Development
Publisher :
ISBN 13 :
Total Pages : pages
Book Rating : 4.:/5 (11 download)

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Book Synopsis Fews Net by : United States Agency of International Development

Download or read book Fews Net written by United States Agency of International Development and published by . This book was released on 2000 with total page pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The Famine Early Warning System Network (FEWS NET) is a U.S. government funded partnership working to improve food security in 17 drought-prone countries in Africa. The objective of FEWS NET is to help establish more effective, sustainable, and African-led food security and response planning networks that reduce the vulnerability of at-risk groups.

The impact of disasters and crises on agriculture and food security: 2021

Author : Food and Agriculture Organization of the United Nations
Publisher : Food & Agriculture Org.
ISBN 13 : 9251340714
Total Pages : 245 pages
Book Rating : 4.2/5 (513 download)

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Book Synopsis The impact of disasters and crises on agriculture and food security: 2021 by : Food and Agriculture Organization of the United Nations

Download or read book The impact of disasters and crises on agriculture and food security: 2021 written by Food and Agriculture Organization of the United Nations and published by Food & Agriculture Org.. This book was released on 2021-03-17 with total page 245 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: On top of a decade of exacerbated disaster loss, exceptional global heat, retreating ice and rising sea levels, humanity and our food security face a range of new and unprecedented hazards, such as megafires, extreme weather events, desert locust swarms of magnitudes previously unseen, and the COVID-19 pandemic. Agriculture underpins the livelihoods of over 2.5 billion people – most of them in low-income developing countries – and remains a key driver of development. At no other point in history has agriculture been faced with such an array of familiar and unfamiliar risks, interacting in a hyperconnected world and a precipitously changing landscape. And agriculture continues to absorb a disproportionate share of the damage and loss wrought by disasters. Their growing frequency and intensity, along with the systemic nature of risk, are upending people’s lives, devastating livelihoods, and jeopardizing our entire food system. This report makes a powerful case for investing in resilience and disaster risk reduction – especially data gathering and analysis for evidence informed action – to ensure agriculture’s crucial role in achieving the future we want.

Ecosystem Tipping Points Due to Variable Water Availability and Cascading Effects on Food Security in Sub-Saharan Africa

Author : Celestine Muli
Publisher :
ISBN 13 :
Total Pages : 44 pages
Book Rating : 4.:/5 (13 download)

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Book Synopsis Ecosystem Tipping Points Due to Variable Water Availability and Cascading Effects on Food Security in Sub-Saharan Africa by : Celestine Muli

Download or read book Ecosystem Tipping Points Due to Variable Water Availability and Cascading Effects on Food Security in Sub-Saharan Africa written by Celestine Muli and published by . This book was released on 2018 with total page 44 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The frequency, duration, and magnitude of extreme weather events such as droughts, floods, and variation in rainfall onset and cessation periods will continue to increase. Such stress may result in significant shifts in the functioning of ecosystems. As climate change affects the capacity of ecosystems to mitigate the effects of extreme events such as drought and floods, leading to disruptions in water supply and food production, or to the destruction of infrastructure, human well-being is ultimately impacted. Chief among those impacts are those on the four dimensions of food security: food availability, accessibility, utilization, and stability. An interesting channel of impacts is through the observed and forecasted increase in the variability of water availability. This is said to cause uncertainty in agricultural production resulting in reduced productivity, food insecurity, weak economic growth and the widespread food poverty in Africa today. Due to overreliance on rain-fed agriculture in Sub-Saharan Africa, people usually engage in both temporary and permanent migration after consecutive years of bad harvests and reduced incomes from agriculture with migration acting as an adaptation strategy to climatic shocks. Food value chains can be significantly affected, something that the paper identifies as an area that requires further research mainly on the resilience of food value chains to water variability.

A Data-Driven Approach to Robust Predictions of Food Insecurity Crises

Author : Erin Lentz
Publisher :
ISBN 13 :
Total Pages : 0 pages
Book Rating : 4.:/5 (137 download)

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Book Synopsis A Data-Driven Approach to Robust Predictions of Food Insecurity Crises by : Erin Lentz

Download or read book A Data-Driven Approach to Robust Predictions of Food Insecurity Crises written by Erin Lentz and published by . This book was released on 2019 with total page 0 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Globally, over 800 million people are food insecure. Current methods for identifying food insecurity crises are not based on statistical models and fail to systematically incorporate readily available data on prices, weather, and demographics. As a result, policymakers cannot rapidly identify food insecure populations, hampering responses to mitigate hunger. We develop a replicable, near real-time model incorporating spatially and temporally granular market data, remotely-sensed rainfall and geographic data, and demographic characteristics. We train the model on 2010-2011 data from Malawi and forecast 2013 food security. Our model correctly identifies the food security status of 77% of the most food insecure village clusters in 2013 while the prevailing approach fails to correctly classify any of these village clusters. Our results show the power of modeling food insecurity to provide early warning and suggest model-driven approaches could dramatically improve food insecurity responses.