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Fluorescence And Magnetic Resonance Enabled Silica Nanoparticles For Bio Imaging Applications
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Book Synopsis Fluorescence and Magnetic Resonance Enabled Silica Nanoparticles for Bio-imaging Applications by : Parvesh Sharma
Download or read book Fluorescence and Magnetic Resonance Enabled Silica Nanoparticles for Bio-imaging Applications written by Parvesh Sharma and published by . This book was released on 2006 with total page pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Book Synopsis Development and Applications of Fluorescent Core-shell Silica Nanoparticles for Bioimaging and Sensing by : Andrew Arthur Burns
Download or read book Development and Applications of Fluorescent Core-shell Silica Nanoparticles for Bioimaging and Sensing written by Andrew Arthur Burns and published by . This book was released on 2009 with total page 0 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Nano-sized fluorescent materials have demonstrated great potential in the emergent fields of nanobiotechnology and nanomedicine. To create effective probes for these applications, high brightness, photostability and size control are key parameters for particle design. Core-shell silica nanoparticles incorporating covalently bound dyes in the particle core have been shown to exhibit significant enhancements in dye brightness and photostability while allowing independent control of particle size, color and surface chemistry. Building on this platform, the first part of this dissertation explores a family of quantitative chemical sensors based on the incorporation of analyte-sensitive dyes into the particle shell. By co-localizing sensor and reference dye molecules onto a single particle, local analyte concentration changes can be discerned from local sensor concentration variations by comparison of the sensor and reference intensities facilitating quantitative "ratiometric" chemical imaging. The core-shell architecture is ideal for this application because it sequesters the reference dye in the particle core, while allowing analyte interactions with the sensor dyes near the particle surface. Traditional Stöber-derived sol-gel routes as well as reverse micelle-based methods were employed to generate pH- and Ca+2-sensitive nanoparticles. Specific sensor architectures were applied to intracellular as well as large-scale functional volumetric imaging of intact biofilms and their metabolic activities. To fully realize the potential of fluorescent nanomaterials for biomedical applications, one of the key obstacles is clearance from the body. The second part of this dissertation investigates several of the key parameters for effective clearance (size and surface chemistry) and highlights the development of a series of particles capable of rapid and efficient bodily clearance and demonstrates their efficacy in mice as a model system.
Book Synopsis Comprehensive Biomaterials II by : Kevin Healy
Download or read book Comprehensive Biomaterials II written by Kevin Healy and published by Elsevier. This book was released on 2017-05-18 with total page 4865 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Comprehensive Biomaterials II, Second Edition, Seven Volume Set brings together the myriad facets of biomaterials into one expertly-written series of edited volumes. Articles address the current status of nearly all biomaterials in the field, their strengths and weaknesses, their future prospects, appropriate analytical methods and testing, device applications and performance, emerging candidate materials as competitors and disruptive technologies, research and development, regulatory management, commercial aspects, and applications, including medical applications. Detailed coverage is given to both new and emerging areas and the latest research in more traditional areas of the field. Particular attention is given to those areas in which major recent developments have taken place. This new edition, with 75% new or updated articles, will provide biomedical scientists in industry, government, academia, and research organizations with an accurate perspective on the field in a manner that is both accessible and thorough. Reviews the current status of nearly all biomaterials in the field by analyzing their strengths and weaknesses, performance, and future prospects Covers all significant emerging technologies in areas such as 3D printing of tissues, organs and scaffolds, cell encapsulation; multimodal delivery, cancer/vaccine - biomaterial applications, neural interface understanding, materials used for in situ imaging, and infection prevention and treatment Effectively describes the many modern aspects of biomaterials from basic science, to clinical applications
Book Synopsis Fluorescent Nanodiamonds by : Huan-Cheng Chang
Download or read book Fluorescent Nanodiamonds written by Huan-Cheng Chang and published by John Wiley & Sons. This book was released on 2018-11-12 with total page 294 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The most comprehensive reference on fluorescent nanodiamond physical and chemical properties and contemporary applications Fluorescent nanodiamonds (FNDs) have drawn a great deal of attention over the past several years, and their applications and development potential are proving to be manifold and vast. The first and only book of its kind, Fluorescent Nanodiamonds is a comprehensive guide to the basic science and technical information needed to fully understand the fundamentals of FNDs and their potential applications across an array of domains. In demonstrating the importance of FNDs in biological applications, the authors bring together all relevant chemistry, physics, materials science and biology. Nanodiamonds are produced by powerful cataclysmic events such as explosions, volcanic eruptions and meteorite impacts. They also can be created in the lab by high-pressure high-temperature treatment of graphite or detonating an explosive in a reactor vessel. A single imperfection can give a nanodiamond a specific, isolated color center which allows it to function as a single, trapped atom. Much smaller than the thickness of a human hair, a nanodiamond can have a huge surface area that allows it to bond with a variety of other materials. Because of their non-toxicity, nanodiamonds may be useful in biomedical applications, such as drug delivery and gene therapy. The most comprehensive reference on a topic of rapidly increasing interest among academic and industrial researchers across an array of fields Includes numerous case studies and practical examples from many areas of research and industrial applications, as well as fascinating and instructive historical perspectives Each chapter addresses, in-depth, a single integral topic including the fundamental properties, synthesis, mechanisms and functionalisation of FNDs The first book published by the key patent holder with his research group in the field of FNDs Fluorescent Nanodiamonds is an important working resource for a broad range of scientists and engineers in industry and academia. It will also be a welcome reference for instructors in chemistry, physics, materials science, biology and related fields.
Book Synopsis Metal-Enhanced Fluorescence by : Chris D. Geddes
Download or read book Metal-Enhanced Fluorescence written by Chris D. Geddes and published by John Wiley & Sons. This book was released on 2010-06-22 with total page 655 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Discover how metal-enhanced fluorescence is changing traditional concepts of fluorescence This book collects and analyzes all the current trends, opinions, and emerging hot topics in the field of metal-enhanced fluorescence (MEF). Readers learn how this emerging technology enhances the utility of current fluorescence-based approaches. For example, MEF can be used to better detect and track specific molecules that may be present in very low quantities in either clinical samples or biological systems. Author Chris Geddes, a noted pioneer in the field, not only explains the fundamentals of metal-enhanced fluorescence, but also the significance of all the most recent findings and models in the field. Metal-enhanced fluorescence refers to the use of metal colloids and nanoscale metallic particles in fluorescence systems. It offers researchers the opportunity to modify the basic properties of fluorophores in both near- and far-field fluorescence formats. Benefits of metal-enhanced fluorescence compared to traditional fluorescence include: Increased efficiency of fluorescence emission Increased detection sensitivity Protect against fluorophore photobleaching Applicability to almost any molecule, including both intrinsic and extrinsic chromophores Following a discussion of the principles and fundamentals, the author examines the process and applications of metal-enhanced fluorescence. Throughout the book, references lead to the primary literature, facilitating in-depth investigations into particular topics. Guiding readers from the basics to state-of-the-technology applications, this book is recommended for all chemists, physicists, and biomedical engineers working in the field of fluorescence.
Book Synopsis Fluorescent Silicon Nanocrystals for Bioimaging by : Dorothy Ann Silbaugh
Download or read book Fluorescent Silicon Nanocrystals for Bioimaging written by Dorothy Ann Silbaugh and published by . This book was released on 2017 with total page 414 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Quantum dots have been used as alternatives to organic dyes for fluorescence imaging because they are resistant to photobleaching, exhibit strong response to two-photon excitation, and can be conjugated to a wide variety of targeting molecules. Silicon (Si) nanocrystal quantum dots in particular exhibit bright, size-dependent emission with visible to near infrared wavelengths and are biocompatible, making them potentially interesting for in vitro and in vivo bioimaging. Here, Si nanocrystals are studied for imaging applications. The stability of Si nanocrystal dispersibility and photoluminescence (PL) in aqueous solutions was studied. Hydrophobic Si nanocrystals were dispersed with surfactants to produce colloidally stable and brightly fluorescent dispersions, with PL quantum yields in the range of 3.2% - 6.6%. Hydrophilic Si nanocrystals capped with a ligand containing a terminal carboxylic acid group could be directly dispersed in aqueous environments with quantum yields of up to 9.1% in water. The nanocrystal PL was stable in water for at least one week, however there was a significant loss of PL when the particles were dispersed in biological solutions. The drop in PL was accompanied by surface oxidation and degradation of the nanocrystals. Si nanocrystals incubated with mouse macrophage cells were actively taken up by endocytosis. Cell viability assays indicated that the nanocrystals were not toxic to the macrophages. The Si nanocrystals were bright enough to be imaged within the cells by one-photon and two-photon microscopy. Hydrophilic Si nanocrystals that emit in the near infrared (900-1000 nm) could also be dispersed directly into water, however the emission quantum yields were prohibitively low for imaging applications. Time gated imaging of cells labeled with Si nanocrystals enabled multiplex imaging using optical probes with spectral overlap by separating the PL of organic dyes with short nanosecond lifetimes and Si nanocrystals with long microsecond lifetimes. Finally, biotin bioconjugation was accomplished to Si nanocrystal surfaces, though the conjugation reaction efficiencies were relatively low
Book Synopsis Cerium Oxide Nanoparticles and Gadolinium Integration by : Peter Eriksson
Download or read book Cerium Oxide Nanoparticles and Gadolinium Integration written by Peter Eriksson and published by Linköping University Electronic Press. This book was released on 2019-08-29 with total page 48 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: A challenging task, in the area of magnetic resonance imaging is to develop contrast enhancers with built-in antioxidant properties. Oxidative stress is considered to be involved in the onset and progression of several serious conditions such as Alzheimer’s and Parkinson’s disease, and the possibility to use cerium-contained nanoparticles to modulate such inflammatory response has gained a lot of interest lately. The rare earth element gadolinium is, due to its seven unpaired f-electrons and high symmetry of the electronic state, a powerful element for contrast enhancement in magnetic resonance imaging. Chelates based on gadolinium are the most commonly used contrast agents worldwide. When introducing external contrast agents there is always a risk that it may trigger inflammatory responses, why there is an urgent need for new, tailor-made contrast agents. Small sized cerium oxide nanoparticles have electronic structures that allows coexistence of oxidation states 3+ and 4+ of cerium, which correlates to applicable redox reactions in biomedicine. Such cerium oxide nanoparticles have recently shown to exhibit antioxidant properties both in vitro and in vivo, via the mechanisms involving enzyme mimicking activity. This PhD project is a comprehensive investigation of cerium oxide nanoparticles as scaffold materials for gadolinium integration. Gadolinium is well adopted into the crystal structure of cerium oxide, enabling the combination of diagnostic and therapeutic properties into a single nanoparticle. The main focus of this thesis project is to design cerium oxide nanoparticles with gadolinium integration. A stepwise approach was employed as follows: 1) synthesis with controlled integration of gadolinium, 2) material characterization by means of composition crystal structure, size, and size distribution and 3) surface modification for stabilization. The obtained nanoparticles exhibit remarkable antioxidant capability in vitro and in vivo. They deliver strongly enhanced contrast per gadolinium in magnetic resonance imaging, compared to commercially available contrast agents. A soft shell of dextran is introduced to encapsulate the cerium oxide nanoparticles with integrated gadolinium, which protects and stabilizes the hard core and to increases their biocompatibility. The dextran-coating is clearly shown to reduce formation of a protein corona and it improves the dispersibility of the nanoparticles in cell media. Functionalization strategies are currently being studied to endow these nanoparticles with specific tags for targeting purposes. This will enable guidance of the nanoparticles to a specific tissue, for high local magnetic resonance contrast complemented with properties for on-site reduced inflammation. In conclusion, our cerium oxide nanoparticles with integrated gadolinium, exhibit combined therapeutic and diagnostic, i.e. theragnostic capabilities. This type of nanomaterial is highly promising for applications in the field of biomedical imaging.
Book Synopsis Development of New Fluorescent Silica and Multifunctional Nanoparticles for Bio-imaging and Diagnostics by : Arnaud Lemelle
Download or read book Development of New Fluorescent Silica and Multifunctional Nanoparticles for Bio-imaging and Diagnostics written by Arnaud Lemelle and published by . This book was released on 2011 with total page pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Silica nanoparticles are effective fluorophore carriers with high potential in imaging, diagnostics, and therapy. The particles are resistant to drastic change of environmental conditions (pH, temperature etc.) and insulate the dyes so as to protect them from photobleaching. Silica chemistry is also versatile and affords an easy modification of the particle composition and surface to integrate targeting ligands or to integrate other nanoparticles. Regardless of their advantages, there exists a lack of dye diversity in the literature that is connected to a low affinity for potential tools for biology and medicine. This thesis describes the developmentof an alternative method for the synthesis of fluorescent silica nanoparticles and their modification to incorporate iron oxide and gold.
Book Synopsis Magnetic Quantum Dots for Bioimaging by : Amin Reza Rajabzadeh
Download or read book Magnetic Quantum Dots for Bioimaging written by Amin Reza Rajabzadeh and published by CRC Press. This book was released on 2023-06-05 with total page 305 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Bioimaging is a sophisticated, non-invasive, and non-destructive technique for the direct visualization of biological processes. Highly luminescent quantum dots combined with magnetic nanoparticles or ions form an exciting class of new materials for bioimaging. These materials can be prepared in cost-effective ways and show unique optical behaviors. Magnetic Quantum Dots for Bioimaging explores leading research in the fabrication, characterization, properties, and application of magnetic quantum dots in bioimaging. Covers synthesis, properties, and bioimaging techniques Discusses modern manufacturing technologies and purification of magnetic quantum dots Explores thoroughly the properties and extent of magnetization to various imaging techniques Describes the biocompatibility, suitability, and toxic effects of magnetic quantum dots Reviews recent innovations, applications, opportunities, and future directions in magnetic quantum dots and their surface-decorated nanomaterials This comprehensive reference offers a road map of the use of these innovative materials for researchers, academics, technologists, and advanced students working in materials engineering and sensor technology.
Book Synopsis Ultrasmall Amorphous Silica Nanoparticles and Their Applications in Super-resolution Biomedical Imaging and Materials Science by : Joshua Allyn Hinckley
Download or read book Ultrasmall Amorphous Silica Nanoparticles and Their Applications in Super-resolution Biomedical Imaging and Materials Science written by Joshua Allyn Hinckley and published by . This book was released on 2020 with total page 199 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Understanding the intracellular processing and biological response of ultrasmall fluorescent silica nanoparticles is critical to improving their therapeutic potency, however most imaging methodologies cannot resolve the structures containing nanoparticles. Using the superior optical properties of ultrabright silica nanoparticles in optical super-resolution microscopy is one such way to quantify biological response at the subcellular level. This dissertation describes the optimization of fluorescent silica nanoparticles followed by the synthesis and optical characterization of novel super-resolution nanoprobes. Additionally, the dissertation introduces imaging buffer free nanoprobes for live cell super-resolution imaging and a methodology for quantifying cellular compartments containing such probes. First, the surface chemical properties of ultrasmall (sub-10 nm) amorphous silica nanoparticles (SNPs) covalently encapsulating organic fluorophores are optimized by switching negatively charged dyes to positively charged dyes and tuning the ammonia content in the synthesis reaction. The resulting particles are then characterized using gel permeation chromatography (GPC) and high performance liquid chromatography (HPLC). The optical properties of such particles, referred to as Cornell Prime dots (C' dots), can be altered by the introduction of different moieties, such as sulfur and iodine, within the silica matrix producing therapeutic particles for photodynamic therapy and nanoprobes for optical super-resolution microscopy. Using block-copolymers as templates, these nanoparticles are shown to provide an increase in signal-to-noise ratio, as compared to free dyes, leading to sharper super-resolved structures. These super-resolution nanoprobes, referred to as srC' dots, were further simplified by the discovery that aluminosilicate C' dots (aC' dots) intrinsically blink using a single laser excitation source and no additional buffer additives, thus indicating ideal candidates for live cell super-resolution microscopy. We expanded our understanding of cell processing of these particles by using nearest neighbor analysis to determine the size of cellular compartments and the number of particles within them.
Book Synopsis Synthesis and Characterization of Silicon Nanoparticles for Bioimaging and Dynamic Nuclear Polarization Magnetic Resonance Imaging by : Tonya Marie Atkins
Book Synopsis Fluorescent Gold-silver Alloy Core Silica Shell Nanoparticles for Bioimaging Applications by : Siyu Tu
Download or read book Fluorescent Gold-silver Alloy Core Silica Shell Nanoparticles for Bioimaging Applications written by Siyu Tu and published by . This book was released on 2016 with total page 107 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Nanomaterials have been a popular research field for decades and scientists are always trying to develop novel materials. This can be achieved with a hybrid of existing material to either significantly improve the performance for certain applications or generate new properties which can be exploited for new applications. Two perfect examples are gold-silver (Au/Ag) alloy nanoparticles (NPs) with strong and tunable extinction spectra in the visible range and superluminescent NPs with a metallic core and dye-doped silica shell. Both of them can be used as contrast agents for biomedical imaging applications. This research is based on the combination of these two types of NPs: the demonstration of a multiplexed bioimaging application with fluorescent NPs composed of a Au/Ag alloy core and a fluorophore-doped silica shell(Au/Ag SiO2). It has long been known that immunofluorescence, as the standard technique to label cells, has some drawbacks such as intensity limit, limited multiplexing and loss of signal due to photobleaching. Plasmonic NPs do not photobleach and do not lose their scattering signal. The Au/Ag alloy NPs with a core-shell structure not only exploit the merits of a tunable scattering signal from the core but also the metal enhanced fluorescence (MEF) effect from the shell near a metallic surface. In this research, we have fabricated the hybrid NPs and applied them in a multimodal platform to detect both scattering and fluorescence signals in order to improve the multiplexing capability. During the master study, Au/Ag SiO2 NPs were successfully fabricated with high reproducibility. Different fluorophores with different emission wavelengths were incorporated in the silica shell of Au/Ag SiO2 NPs resulting in a stronger fluorescence signal in the presence of a metallic core. An etching effect of the metallic core was noted during the silica shell growth, creating a spacer between the surface of the metallic core and silica shell resulting in a slight blueshift of the plasmonic peak. This effect is more severe for silver-rich cores. Four types of NPs were prepared, with two different Au/Ag composition ratios (pure Ag and 50/50 Au/Ag) and two different fluorophores (fluorescein and rhodamine B) were incorporated into the silica shell for a bimodal multiplexed imaging test in scattering and fluorescence. A proportion of 86% of NPs on a glass slide can be identified and a similar result was obtained for NPs on cells.
Book Synopsis Nanomaterials For Tumor Targeting Theranostics: A Proactive Clinical Perspective by : Mingqian Tan
Download or read book Nanomaterials For Tumor Targeting Theranostics: A Proactive Clinical Perspective written by Mingqian Tan and published by World Scientific. This book was released on 2016-02-22 with total page 430 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Nanomaterials offer great potential for effective tumor diagnosis and therapy combing diagnostic agents and therapeutic drugs into one platform. In this book, the most recent progress of main nanomaterials and their applications in tumor targeting theranostics is presented. It summarizes the recent advances of current principal nanomaterials in tumor theranostics, including magnetic nanomaterials, quantum dots, mesoporous silica nanoparticles, gold nanomaterials, polymeric nanosystem, carbon nanomaterials, lipopolyplex nanoparticles, microbubbles, upconversion nanomaterials and dendrimers. It will enable readers to get a more realistic understanding of both the advantages and limitations of nanomaterials for potential tumor targeting theranosis. The publication of this book will accelerate the spread of ideas that are currently trickling through the scientific literature. Also a greater understanding of the potential and challenge of nanomaterials for tumor targeting theranostics is highly anticipated for practical clinical use.
Book Synopsis Nanomaterials and Their Applications by : Zishan Husain Khan
Download or read book Nanomaterials and Their Applications written by Zishan Husain Khan and published by Springer. This book was released on 2017-10-20 with total page 328 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This book focuses on the latest advances in the field of nanomaterials and their applications, and provides a comprehensive overview of the state-of-the-art of research in this rapidly developing field. The book comprises chapters exploring various aspects of nanomaterials. Given the depth and breadth of coverage, the book offers a valuable guide for researchers and students working in the area of nanomaterials.
Book Synopsis Fluorine Magnetic Resonance Imaging by : Eric T. Ahrens
Download or read book Fluorine Magnetic Resonance Imaging written by Eric T. Ahrens and published by CRC Press. This book was released on 2024-10-11 with total page 315 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Image-based biomarkers that report on specific cell phenotypes in the body are highly valued for disease detection and monitoring cytotherapies. Towards this need, there is sustained scientific interest in fluorine-19 (19F) magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) for in vivo molecular–cellular imaging applications. The attraction of 19F tracer MRI is its ability to produce pure ‘hot-spot’ images, an absence of false-positive signals, robust quantification, and tracer safety. For molecular–cellular applications, fluorine MRI does not require a pre-scan prior to tracer administration, thus offering several advantages over metal–ion-based proton (1H) contrast-agent approaches. Key applications of 19F MRI include cell tracking, inflammation detection, and biosensing. Fluorinated imaging tracers can also serve as therapeutic agents or drug-delivery vehicles. Over the past decade, the field of 19F MRI has seen remarkable innovation in tracer designs and detection methods as well as the realization of its clinical potential. This book is an interdisciplinary compendium detailing cutting-edge science and biomedical research in the emerging field of 19F MRI and includes technical issues, such as pulse sequence considerations and limits of detection of the techniques; synthesis of novel 19F MRI tracer agents; inflammation, cancer, and stroke imaging; regenerative brain repair; theranostic nanomedicine; and clinical perspectives. The book will appeal to investigators involved in MRI physics, biomedicine, immunology, pharmacology, and probe chemistry as well as general readers.
Book Synopsis Fluorescence Methods for Investigation of Living Cells and Microorganisms by : Natalia Grigoryeva
Download or read book Fluorescence Methods for Investigation of Living Cells and Microorganisms written by Natalia Grigoryeva and published by BoD – Books on Demand. This book was released on 2020-09 with total page 464 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Fluorescence methods play a leading role in the investigation of biological objects. They are the only non-destructive methods for investigating living cells and microorganisms in vivo. Using intrinsic and artificial fluorescence methods provides deep insight into mechanisms underlying physiological and biochemical processes. This book covers a wide range of modern methods involved in experimental biology. It illustrates the use of fluorescence microscopy and spectroscopy, confocal laser scanning microscopy, flow cytometry, delayed fluorescence, pulse-amplitude-modulation fluorometry, and fluorescent dye staining protocols. This book provides an overview of practical and theoretical aspects of fluorescence methods and their successful application in the investigation of static and dynamic processes in living cells and microorganisms.
Book Synopsis Nanoparticles Based Gene Therapy by : Chandrababu Rejeeth
Download or read book Nanoparticles Based Gene Therapy written by Chandrababu Rejeeth and published by LAP Lambert Academic Publishing. This book was released on 2013 with total page 384 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Silica nanoparticles are inorganic particles made of saline-based precursors, able to conjugated with functional groups of dyes and drugs. Typically, they are ultrafine particles (less than 100 nm), presenting approved safety, high biostability and good biodistribution. In comparison with traditional organic-based fluorescent dye molecules and fluorescent proteins, sensitivity and photostability of silica nanoparticles are highly improved [1]. Other than these advantages, silica nanoparticles are capable to permeate and retain in tumor cells [1]. Therefore, they can be applied for various biomedical applications, especially in cancer diagnosis and treatment, such as fluorescent imaging, drug delivery, biosensors, and biomarkers. Among these applications, using fluorescent silica nanoparticles for cancer imaging has recently attracted intensive interest.
