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Flare Hazards At Solar Minimum
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Book Synopsis Flare Hazards at Solar Minimum by : Hermann J. Schaefer
Download or read book Flare Hazards at Solar Minimum written by Hermann J. Schaefer and published by . This book was released on 1966 with total page 24 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The proton energy spectra for the Class 2 solar flare of February 5, 1965, as reported by a polar orbit satellite at five different times during the two-day period of enhanced intensity, are evaluated in terms of tissue depth doses for a semi-infinite slab with 0.1 g/sq cm shielding and for the Gemini and Apollo shield distribution. Maximum dose rates for the tissue surface are 714 millirads/hour, 81 and 11 millirads/hour, respectively. For the unidirectional beams, half value layers range from 2.6 to 5.6 millimeters of tissue. The integral flare dose over forty-four hours is 8.3 rads for the tissue surface behind 0.1 g/sq cm shielding. (Author).
Book Synopsis Flare Hazards at Solar Minimum by : Hermann J. Schaefer
Download or read book Flare Hazards at Solar Minimum written by Hermann J. Schaefer and published by . This book was released on 1966 with total page 17 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The proton energy spectra for the Class 2 solar flare of February 5, 1965, as reported by a polar orbit satellite at five different times during the two-day period of enhanced intensity, are evaluated in terms of tissue depth doses for a semi-infinite slab with 0.1 g/sq cm shielding and for the Gemini and Apollo shield distribution. Maximum dose rates for the tissue surface are 714 millirads/hour, 81 and 11 millirads/hour, respectively. For the unidirectional beams, half value layers range from 2.6 to 5.6 millimeters of tissue. The integral flare dose over forty-four hours is 8.3 rads for the tissue surface behind 0.1 g/sq cm shielding. (Author).
Book Synopsis Scientific and Technical Aerospace Reports by :
Download or read book Scientific and Technical Aerospace Reports written by and published by . This book was released on 1966 with total page 1492 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book Solar Flares written by Whitley Strieber and published by Penguin. This book was released on 2012-12-11 with total page 53 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: There is a force out there that could destroy our world in minutes. . . . Solar flares—brief bursts of radiation from our sun—have always existed and have never been particularly dangerous. Nature hasn’t changed. But we have. By making our world so dependent on electricity delivered by huge, unprotected power grids we have inadvertently placed humanity at terrible risk. As bestselling author Whitley Strieber explores in this urgent new work, a powerful solar flare could demolish our electrical delivery system, wiping away centuries of civilization in minutes and drastically changing our world. Such a scenario is altogether plausible—and it is the single most dangerous single thing that could happen to our civilization, more dangerous than the most massive earthquake or volcano, more dangerous than climate change, more dangerous even than nuclear war. What is worse, solar flares of a now-dangerous intensity are not all that uncommon; and not only that, our electrical and electronic infrastructure is becoming so extensive, and thus so fragile, that smaller and smaller solar flares can pose more and more serious hazards. Due to the astonishing unwillingness of power companies to cooperate, good programs that would make us safer, and that are supported by both political parties, have been routinely prevented from being enacted. In Solar Flares: What You Need to Know, Strieber reveals the dangers behind solar flares, tracks the disastrous damage they could cause, surveys what they would do to our world in the here-and-now, and explains what nations and individuals must do to prepare for them.
Book Synopsis SOLAR FLARE HAZARDS: PREDICTABILITY. by : R. C Good (Jr)
Download or read book SOLAR FLARE HAZARDS: PREDICTABILITY. written by R. C Good (Jr) and published by . This book was released on 1965 with total page 45 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The hazards of solar flares are discussed in some detail to show the need for prediction. Hazards are noted as protons, X rays, ultraviolet, and radio interference. Since the first is potentially the most dangerous, some data on dosage during flares is presented to evaluate the hazards. Since flares occur at or near sunspots and since there seems to be a direct correlation with the characteristics of sunspots, some discussion is given of the dimensions and characteristics of sunspots. One prediction scheme is presented which involves the statistics of flares, and a scheme is described that is presently being used for flare studies at the Space Sciences Laboratory. (Author).
Book Synopsis Radiation Hazards to Crews of Interplanetary Missions by : National Research Council
Download or read book Radiation Hazards to Crews of Interplanetary Missions written by National Research Council and published by National Academies Press. This book was released on 1997-03-27 with total page 89 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: NASA's long-range plans include possible human exploratory missions to the moon and Mars within the next quarter century. Such missions beyond low Earth orbit will expose crews to transient radiation from solar particle events as well as continuous high-energy galactic cosmic rays ranging from energetic protons with low mean linear energy transfer (LET) to nuclei with high atomic numbers, high energies, and high LET. Because the radiation levels in space are high and the missions long, adequate shielding is needed to minimize the deleterious health effects of exposure to radiation. The knowledge base needed to design shielding involves two sets of factors, each with quantitative uncertaintyâ€"the radiation spectra and doses present behind different types of shielding, and the effects of the doses on relevant biological systems. It is only prudent to design shielding that will protect the crew of spacecraft exposed to predicted high, but uncertain, levels of radiation and biological effects. Because of the uncertainties regarding the degree and type of radiation protection needed, a requirement for shielding to protect against large deleterious, but uncertain, biological effects may be imposed, which in turn could result in an unacceptable cost to a mission. It therefore is of interest to reduce these uncertainties in biological effects and shielding requirements for reasons of mission feasibility, safety, and cost.
Book Synopsis U.S. Government Research & Development Reports by :
Download or read book U.S. Government Research & Development Reports written by and published by . This book was released on 1966-11 with total page 1014 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Book Synopsis Reports by : Naval School of Aviation Medicine (U.S.)
Download or read book Reports written by Naval School of Aviation Medicine (U.S.) and published by . This book was released on with total page 446 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Book Synopsis Government-wide Index to Federal Research & Development Reports by :
Download or read book Government-wide Index to Federal Research & Development Reports written by and published by . This book was released on 1966 with total page 1466 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book Technical Abstract Bulletin written by and published by . This book was released on with total page 760 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Author :United States. National Aeronautics and Space Administration. Scientific and Technical Information Division Publisher : ISBN 13 : Total Pages :2084 pages Book Rating :4.E/5 ( download)
Book Synopsis A Selected Listing of NASA Scientific and Technical Reports for 1966 by : United States. National Aeronautics and Space Administration. Scientific and Technical Information Division
Download or read book A Selected Listing of NASA Scientific and Technical Reports for 1966 written by United States. National Aeronautics and Space Administration. Scientific and Technical Information Division and published by . This book was released on 1967 with total page 2084 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Author :United States. National Aeronautics and Space Administration. Scientific and Technical Information Division Publisher : ISBN 13 : Total Pages :2088 pages Book Rating :4.E/5 ( download)
Book Synopsis A Selected Listing of NASA Scientific and Technical Reports for ... by : United States. National Aeronautics and Space Administration. Scientific and Technical Information Division
Download or read book A Selected Listing of NASA Scientific and Technical Reports for ... written by United States. National Aeronautics and Space Administration. Scientific and Technical Information Division and published by . This book was released on 1966 with total page 2088 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Author :United States. National Aeronautics and Space Administration Scientific and Technical Information Division Publisher : ISBN 13 : Total Pages :2300 pages Book Rating :4.F/5 ( download)
Book Synopsis NASA Scientific and Technical Reports by : United States. National Aeronautics and Space Administration Scientific and Technical Information Division
Download or read book NASA Scientific and Technical Reports written by United States. National Aeronautics and Space Administration Scientific and Technical Information Division and published by . This book was released on 1967 with total page 2300 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Book Synopsis Radiation Hazard in Space by : L.I. Miroshnichenko
Download or read book Radiation Hazard in Space written by L.I. Miroshnichenko and published by Springer Science & Business Media. This book was released on 2013-04-17 with total page 254 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The mono graph contains 8 chapters, and their contents cover all principal aspects of the problem: 1. Introduction and brief his tory ofthe radiation problem and background information ofradiation hazard in the near-Earth and interplanetary space. 2. General description of radiation conditions and main sources of charged partic1es in the Earth's environment and interplanetary space, effects of space environment on spacecraft. 3. Basic information about physical conditions in space and main sources of charged particles in the Earth's environment and interplanetary space, in the context of "Space W eather" monitoring and prediction. 4. Trapped radiation belts of the Earth (ERB): theory of their origin, spatial and temporal dynamics, and experimental and statistical models. 5. Galactic cosmic rays (GCR): variations of energetic, temporal and spatial characteristics, long-term modulation, and anomalous cosmic ray (ACR) component, modeling oftheir dynamics. 6. Production of energetic particles (SEPs) at/ne ar the Sun: available databases, acceleration, propagation, and prediction of individual SEP event, statistical models of solar cosmic rays (SCR). 7. Existing empirical techniques of estimating, prediction and modeling of radiation hazard, methodical approaches and constraints, some questions of changes in the Earth's radiation environment due to changes of the solar activity level. 8. Unresolved problems of radiation hazard prediction and spacecraft protection, radiation experiments on board the spacecraft, estimating of radiation conditions during interplanetary missions. Space does not allow us to explain every time the solar-terrestrial and radiation physics nomencIature used in current English-language literature.
Book Synopsis Statistical Aspects of Solar Flares by : Robert M. Wilson
Download or read book Statistical Aspects of Solar Flares written by Robert M. Wilson and published by . This book was released on 1987 with total page 44 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Book Synopsis Heliophysics: Space Storms and Radiation: Causes and Effects by : Carolus J. Schrijver
Download or read book Heliophysics: Space Storms and Radiation: Causes and Effects written by Carolus J. Schrijver and published by Cambridge University Press. This book was released on 2010-05-06 with total page 472 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Heliophysics is a fast-developing scientific discipline that integrates studies of the Sun's variability, the surrounding heliosphere, and the environment and climate of planets. The Sun is a magnetically variable star and for planets with intrinsic magnetic fields, planets with atmospheres, or planets like Earth with both, there are profound consequences. This 2010 volume, the second in this series of three heliophysics texts, integrates the many aspects of space storms and the energetic radiation associated with them - from causes on the Sun to effects in planetary environments. It reviews the physical processes in solar flares and coronal mass ejections, interplanetary shocks, and particle acceleration and transport, and considers many space weather responses in geospace. In addition to its utility as a textbook, it also constitutes a foundational reference for researchers in fields from heliophysics to climate science. Additional online resources, including lecture presentations and other teaching materials, are available at www.cambridge.org/9780521760515.
Download or read book Nuclear Science Abstracts written by and published by . This book was released on 1969 with total page 1254 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
