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Fiscal Crises Liberty And Representative Government 1450 1789
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Book Synopsis Fiscal Crises, Liberty, and Representative Government 1450-1789 by : Philip T. Hoffman
Download or read book Fiscal Crises, Liberty, and Representative Government 1450-1789 written by Philip T. Hoffman and published by Stanford University Press. This book was released on 2002-01-02 with total page 420 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: These essays focus on the growth of representative institutions and the mechanics of European state finance from the end of the Middle Ages to the French Revolution.
Book Synopsis Growth in a Traditional Society by : Philip T. Hoffman
Download or read book Growth in a Traditional Society written by Philip T. Hoffman and published by . This book was released on 1996 with total page 361 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Making a strong case for the use of economic analysis in studying history and culture, Philip Hoffman shatters the widespread myth that traditional agricultural societies in early modern Europe were socially and economically stagnant - and ultimately depended on wide-scale political revolution for their growth. Through a richly detailed historical investigation of the peasant agriculture of ancien-regime France, the author uncovers evidence that requires a new understanding of what constituted economic growth in such societies. His arguments rest on a measurement of long-term growth that enables him to analyze the economic, institutional, and political factors that explain its forms and rhythms. In comparing France with England and Germany, Hoffman arrives at fresh answers to some classic questions: Did French agriculture lag behind farming in other countries? If so, did the obstacles in French agriculture lurk within peasant society itself, in the peasants' culture, in their communal property rights, or in the small scale of their farms? Or did the obstacles hide elsewhere, in politics, in the tax system, or in meager opportunities for trade? The author discovers that growth cannot be explained by culture, property rights, or farm size, and argues that the real causes of growth derived from politics and gains from trade. By challenging other widely held beliefs, such as the nature of the commons and the workings of the rural economy, Hoffman offers a new analysis of peasant society and culture, one based on microeconomics and game theory and intended for a wide range of social scientists.
Book Synopsis Conflict and Governance by : Amihai Glazer
Download or read book Conflict and Governance written by Amihai Glazer and published by Springer Science & Business Media. This book was released on 2013-06-29 with total page 201 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Conflict appears in many forms, from a dictator terrorizing his country to organized crime demanding protection money. Questions and issues addressed in this text include: the conditions which make conflict severe; whether voluntary agreements can avoid future conflict; how the outcome of one war will affect the incentives of countries to wage war in the future; and how dictators hold power. The book provides an overview of existing literature, applies the theory of conflict to new situations, and gives foundations for future work. It should interest both researchers and students studying political economy, public choice, international relations, and comparative politics.
Book Synopsis Joseph A. Schumpeter by : John Medearis
Download or read book Joseph A. Schumpeter written by John Medearis and published by Bloomsbury Publishing USA. This book was released on 2013-02-07 with total page 176 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Joseph Schumpeter (1883 - 1950) was one of the foremost economic thinkers of the twentieth century. Today Schumpeter is most well-known for his idea of 'creative destruction'. This is the notion that a market economy is simultaneously creative and destructive and therein lies the process of renewal that is central to the endurance and also the unpopularity of capitalism. Schumpeter's work also contains one of the most important conservative critiques of mass democracy. Schumpeter argued that mass democracy had totalitarian tendencies and was likely to degenerate into the tyranny of the popular.
Book Synopsis The End of the Eurocrats' Dream by : Damian Chalmers
Download or read book The End of the Eurocrats' Dream written by Damian Chalmers and published by Cambridge University Press. This book was released on 2016-03-18 with total page pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This volume argues that the crisis of the European Union is not merely a fiscal crisis but reveals and amplifies deeper flaws in the structure of the EU itself. It is a multidimensional crisis of the economic, legal and political cornerstones of European integration and marks the end of the technocratic mode of integration which has been dominant since the 1950s. The EU has a weak political and administrative centre, relies excessively on governance by law, is challenged by increasing heterogeneity and displays increasingly interlocked levels of government. During the crisis, it has become more and more asymmetrical and has intervened massively in domestic economic and legal systems. A team of economists, lawyers, philosophers and political scientists analyze these deeper dimensions of the European crisis from a broader theoretical perspective with a view towards contributing to a better understanding and shaping the trajectory of the EU.
Book Synopsis Human Rights and Public Finance by : Aoife Nolan
Download or read book Human Rights and Public Finance written by Aoife Nolan and published by Bloomsbury Publishing. This book was released on 2013-10-21 with total page 274 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This edited collection addresses some of the most important challenges in contemporary human rights law and practice. Its central theme is the linkage between public finance, particularly budget decisions, and the realisation (or not) of economic and social rights. While much academic and political debate on economic and social rights implementation has focused on the role of the courts, this work places the spotlight squarely on those organs of government that have the primary responsibility and the greatest capacity for giving effect to such rights: namely, the elected branches of government. The major actors considered in this book are politicians, public servants and civil society, with their role in realising economic and social rights the work's key focus. The book thus makes a crucial contribution to remedying the current imbalance in attention paid by economic and social rights scholars to the legislature and executive vis-a-vis the judiciary. Featuring pioneering work by leading experts in the field of human rights and public finance, this multidisciplinary collection will be of great interest to academics, practitioners, public servants and students working in the areas of law, human rights, economics, development and political science.
Book Synopsis The Mechanics of Modernity in Europe and East Asia by : Erik Ringmar
Download or read book The Mechanics of Modernity in Europe and East Asia written by Erik Ringmar and published by Psychology Press. This book was released on 2005 with total page 288 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This book provides a new answer to the old question of the 'rise of the west': why did some countries embark on a path of sustained economic growth while others stagnated? Taking a global view, Ringmar investigates the implications of his conclusions on issues facing the developing world today.
Book Synopsis Making Democracy in the French Revolution by : James Livesey
Download or read book Making Democracy in the French Revolution written by James Livesey and published by Harvard University Press. This book was released on 2001 with total page 348 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This book reasserts the importance of the French Revolution to an understanding of the nature of modern European politics and social life. Livesey argues that the European model of democracy was created in the Revolution, a model with very specific commitments that differentiate it from Anglo-American liberal democracy.
Book Synopsis Tax Reform in Rural China by : Hiroki Takeuchi
Download or read book Tax Reform in Rural China written by Hiroki Takeuchi and published by Cambridge University Press. This book was released on 2014-08-11 with total page 255 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This book answers the important question - how does China maintain authoritarian rule while it is committed to market-oriented economic reforms?
Book Synopsis In Defense of Public Debt by : Barry Eichengreen
Download or read book In Defense of Public Debt written by Barry Eichengreen and published by Oxford University Press. This book was released on 2021-08-11 with total page 321 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: A dive into the origins, management, and uses and misuses of sovereign debt through the ages. Public debts have exploded to levels unprecedented in modern history as governments responded to the Covid-19 pandemic and ensuing economic crisis. Their dramatic rise has prompted apocalyptic warnings about the dangers of heavy debtsabout the drag they will place on economic growth and the burden they represent for future generations. In Defense of Public Debt offers a sharp rejoinder to this view, marshaling the entire history of state-issued public debt to demonstrate its usefulness. Authors Barry Eichengreen, Asmaa El-Ganainy, Rui Esteves, and Kris James Mitchener argue that the ability of governments to issue debt has played a critical role in addressing emergenciesfrom wars and pandemics to economic and financial crises, as well as in funding essential public goods and services such as transportation, education, and healthcare. In these ways, the capacity to issue debt has been integral to state building and state survival. Transactions in public debt securities have also contributed to the development of private financial markets and, through this channel, to modern economic growth. None of this is to deny that debt problems, debt crises, and debt defaults occur. But these dramatic events, which attract much attention, are not the entire story. In Defense of Public Debt redresses the balance. The authors develop their arguments historically, recounting two millennia of public debt experience. They deploy a comprehensive database to identify the factors behind rising public debts and the circumstances under which high debts are successfully stabilized and brought down. Finally, they bring the story up to date, describing the role of public debt in managing the Covid-19 pandemic and recession, suggesting a way forward once governmentsnow more heavily indebted than beforefinally emerge from the crisis.
Download or read book Merchants written by Edmond Smith and published by Yale University Press. This book was released on 2021-09-14 with total page 381 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: A new history of English trade and empire—revealing how a tightly woven community of merchants was the true origin of globalized Britain In the century following Elizabeth I’s rise to the throne, English trade blossomed as thousands of merchants launched ventures across the globe. Through the efforts of these "mere merchants," England developed from a peripheral power on the fringes of Europe to a country at the center of a global commercial web, with interests stretching from Virginia to Ahmadabad and Arkhangelsk to Benin. Edmond Smith traces the lives of English merchants from their earliest steps into business to the heights of their successes. Smith unpicks their behavior, relationships, and experiences, from exporting wool to Russia, importing exotic luxuries from India, and building plantations in America. He reveals that the origins of "global" Britain are found in the stories of these men whose livelihoods depended on their skills, entrepreneurship, and ability to work together to compete in cutthroat international markets. As a community, their efforts would come to revolutionize Britain’s relationship with the world.
Book Synopsis The Oxford Handbook of Early Modern European History, 1350-1750 by : Hamish Scott
Download or read book The Oxford Handbook of Early Modern European History, 1350-1750 written by Hamish Scott and published by Oxford University Press. This book was released on 2015-07-23 with total page 861 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This Handbook re-examines the concept of early modern history in a European and global context. The term 'early modern' has been familiar, especially in Anglophone scholarship, for four decades and is securely established in teaching, research, and scholarly publishing. More recently, however, the unity implied in the notion has fragmented, while the usefulness and even the validity of the term, and the historical periodisation which it incorporates, have been questioned. The Oxford Handbook of Early Modern European History, 1350-1750 provides an account of the development of the subject during the past half-century, but primarily offers an integrated and comprehensive survey of present knowledge, together with some suggestions as to how the field is developing. It aims both to interrogate the notion of 'early modernity' itself and to survey early modern Europe as an established field of study. The overriding aim will be to establish that 'early modern' is not simply a chronological label but possesses a substantive integrity. Volume II is devoted to 'Cultures and Power', opening with chapters on philosophy, science, art and architecture, music, and the Enlightenment. Subsequent sections examine 'Europe beyond Europe', with the transformation of contact with other continents during the first global age, and military and political developments, notably the expansion of state power.
Book Synopsis The Parliaments of Early Modern Europe by : M.A.R. Graves
Download or read book The Parliaments of Early Modern Europe written by M.A.R. Graves and published by Routledge. This book was released on 2014-06-06 with total page 241 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: A comparative survey of the emergence and development of Parliaments in Catholic Christendom from the thirteenth century, the chief focus of this work is the period between the fifteenth and seventeenth centuries,when Europe was dramatically changed by the Renaissance, the Reformation and the growth of composite monarchies which brought together diverse territories under their rule. European Parliaments experienced a variety of challenges, fortunes and fates: some survived, even flourished, but others succumbed to powerful monarchies. By investigating the powers and privileges and responsibilities of these institutions, Graves illuminates the whole business of government - the nature of executive power, the relations of ruler and ruled, the restraints of consent, and the realities of the tension between central authority and local custom.
Book Synopsis Kings as Judges by : Deborah Boucoyannis
Download or read book Kings as Judges written by Deborah Boucoyannis and published by Cambridge University Press. This book was released on 2021-07-15 with total page 401 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: How did representative institutions become the central organs of governance in Western Europe? What enabled this distinctive form of political organization and collective action that has proved so durable and influential? The answer has typically been sought either in the realm of ideas, in the Western tradition of individual rights, or in material change, especially the complex interaction of war, taxes, and economic growth. Common to these strands is the belief that representation resulted from weak ruling powers needing to concede rights to powerful social groups. Boucoyannis argues instead that representative institutions were a product of state strength, specifically the capacity to deliver justice across social groups. Enduring and inclusive representative parliaments formed when rulers could exercise power over the most powerful actors in the land and compel them to serve and, especially, to tax them. The language of rights deemed distinctive to the West emerged in response to more effectively imposed collective obligations, especially on those with most power.
Book Synopsis Political Transformations and Public Finances by : Mark Dincecco
Download or read book Political Transformations and Public Finances written by Mark Dincecco and published by Cambridge University Press. This book was released on 2011-09-26 with total page 249 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: How did today's rich states first establish modern fiscal systems? To answer this question, Political Transformations and Public Finances by Mark Dincecco examines the evolution of political regimes and public finances in Europe over the long term. The book argues that the emergence of efficient fiscal institutions was the result of two fundamental political transformations that resolved long-standing problems of fiscal fragmentation and absolutism. States gained tax force through fiscal centralization and restricted ruler power through parliamentary limits, which enabled them to gather large tax revenues and channel funds toward public services with positive economic benefits. Using a novel combination of descriptive, case study and statistical methods, the book pursues this argument through a systematic investigation of a new panel database that spans eleven countries and four centuries. The book's findings are significant for our understanding of economic history and have important consequences for current policy debates.
Book Synopsis City of Capital by : Bruce G. Carruthers
Download or read book City of Capital written by Bruce G. Carruthers and published by Princeton University Press. This book was released on 1999-12-19 with total page 317 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: "While many have examined how economic interests motivate political action, Bruce Carruthers explores the reverse relationship by focusing on how political interests shape a market. He sets his inquiry within the context of late Stuart England, when an active stock market emerged and when Whig and Tory parties vied for control of a newly empowered Parliament. Probing such connections between politics and markets at both institutional and individual levels, Carruthers ultimately argues that competitive markets are not inherently apolitical spheres guided by economic interest but rather ongoing creations of social actors pursuing multiple goals." -- BACK COVER.
Book Synopsis Applying an International Human Rights Framework to State Budget Allocations by : Rory O'Connell
Download or read book Applying an International Human Rights Framework to State Budget Allocations written by Rory O'Connell and published by Routledge. This book was released on 2014-01-10 with total page 235 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Human rights based budget analysis projects have emerged at a time when the United Nations has asserted the indivisibility of all human rights and attention is increasingly focused on the role of non-judicial bodies in promoting and protecting human rights. This book seeks to develop the human rights framework for such budget analyses, by exploring the international law obligations of the International Covenant on Economic, Social and Cultural Rights (ICESCR) in relation to budgetary processes. The book outlines international experiences and comparative practice in relation to economic and social rights budget analysis and budgeting. The book sets out an ICESCR-based methodology for analysing budget and resource allocations and focuses on the legal obligation imposed on state parties by article 2(1) of ICESCR to progressively realise economic and social rights to 'the maximum of available resources'. Taking Northern Ireland as a key case study, the book demonstrates and promotes the use of a ‘rights-based’ approach in budgetary decision-making. The book will be relevant to a global audience currently considering how to engage in the budget process from a human rights perspective. It will be of interest to students and researchers of international human rights law and public law, as well as economic and social rights advocacy and lobbying groups.
