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Firm Investment Under Uncertainty With Costs Of Adjustment
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Book Synopsis Investment under Uncertainty by : Robert K. Dixit
Download or read book Investment under Uncertainty written by Robert K. Dixit and published by Princeton University Press. This book was released on 2012-07-14 with total page 484 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: How should firms decide whether and when to invest in new capital equipment, additions to their workforce, or the development of new products? Why have traditional economic models of investment failed to explain the behavior of investment spending in the United States and other countries? In this book, Avinash Dixit and Robert Pindyck provide the first detailed exposition of a new theoretical approach to the capital investment decisions of firms, stressing the irreversibility of most investment decisions, and the ongoing uncertainty of the economic environment in which these decisions are made. In so doing, they answer important questions about investment decisions and the behavior of investment spending. This new approach to investment recognizes the option value of waiting for better (but never complete) information. It exploits an analogy with the theory of options in financial markets, which permits a much richer dynamic framework than was possible with the traditional theory of investment. The authors present the new theory in a clear and systematic way, and consolidate, synthesize, and extend the various strands of research that have come out of the theory. Their book shows the importance of the theory for understanding investment behavior of firms; develops the implications of this theory for industry dynamics and for government policy concerning investment; and shows how the theory can be applied to specific industries and to a wide variety of business problems.
Book Synopsis Firm Investment Under Uncertainty with Costs of Adjustment by : James Lester Paddock
Download or read book Firm Investment Under Uncertainty with Costs of Adjustment written by James Lester Paddock and published by . This book was released on 1978 with total page 472 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Book Synopsis An Exact Soultion for the Investment and Market Value of a Firm Facing Uncertainty, Adjustment Costs, and Irreversibility by : Janice C. Eberly
Download or read book An Exact Soultion for the Investment and Market Value of a Firm Facing Uncertainty, Adjustment Costs, and Irreversibility written by Janice C. Eberly and published by . This book was released on 1998 with total page pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This paper derives closed-form solutions for the investment and market value, under uncertainty, of competitive firms with constant returns to scale production and convex costs of adjustment. Solutions are derived for the case of irreversible investment as well as for reversible investment. Optimal investment is a non-decreasing function of q, the shadow value of capital. The conditions of optimality imply that q cannot contain a bubble; thus, optimal investment depends only on fundamentals. However, the value of the firm may contain a bubble that does not affect investment behavior. Relative to the case of reversible investment, the introduction of irreversibility does not affect q, but it reduces the fundamental market value of the firm.
Book Synopsis The Investment Decisions of Firms by : S. J. Nickell
Download or read book The Investment Decisions of Firms written by S. J. Nickell and published by Welwyn : Nisbet ; Cambridge : Cambridge University Press. This book was released on 1978 with total page 344 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Book Synopsis Investment Under Uncertainty and Financial Crisis by : Camilla Jensen
Download or read book Investment Under Uncertainty and Financial Crisis written by Camilla Jensen and published by . This book was released on 2013 with total page 15 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The objective of the paper is to test the stability hypothesis - that foreign investors are relatively insulated from uncertainty and how it spills over on their investment adjustment cost. The Q model (implying that investments are explained by the fundamental value of the firm) is implemented with reasonable success for firm level panels in Turkey. Robustness of the results and despite the general obstacle that inflation poses on the study is increased by applying different datasets with different time horizons, different measures of investment and profitability and different problems of attrition. The general finding of the study is that the stability hypothesis is confirmed. The difference in adjustment cost across domestic and foreign owned firms is particularly affected by uncertainty measures whereas the general adjustment cost difference is estimated to be small. In periods of high uncertainty it is found that the decline in the growth of the investment rate for domestic firms is at least twice as high compared to the decline in the growth of the investment rate among foreign held firms.
Book Synopsis Investment, Capital Market Imperfections, and Uncertainty by : Robert Lensink
Download or read book Investment, Capital Market Imperfections, and Uncertainty written by Robert Lensink and published by Edward Elgar Publishing. This book was released on 2001-01-01 with total page 176 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This book presents an up-to-date overview of the theory as well as the empirics of the relationship between investment, financial imperfections and uncertainty. After reviewing the capital market imperfections literature and the empirical results, the authors discuss both traditional investment models with uncertainty and the more modern option based models. They present an overview of empirical results of the modelling of investment under uncertainty. In these examples the effects of capital market imperfections on investment are carefully considered. The authors conclude that there is overwhelming empirical support for a negative uncertainty-investment relationship. This book should appeal to academics with an interest in investment theory, professionals in the financial sector and students of macroeconomics and finance. "Investment, Capital Market Imperfections, and Uncertainty" assumes only a basic knowledge of mathematics and is easily accessible.
Book Synopsis Investment Under Uncertainty by : Sergei Antoshin
Download or read book Investment Under Uncertainty written by Sergei Antoshin and published by . This book was released on 2007 with total page 43 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: A real options theory - in its classic formulation - suggests that firms invest less during times of high uncertainty, that is, uncertainty depresses investment. However, several theoretical extensions predict that the relationship between investment and uncertainty may be non-linear, or even non-monotonic, when classic model assumptions are violated. Some model parameters either reinforce or weaken the negative effect of uncertainty on investment, while others distort the investment-uncertainty relationship, making it follow an inverted U-curve. This paper is a first - to my knowledge - attempt to identify the factors affecting investment from various streams of theoretical literature on investor choice and uncertainty, and to assemble them in a single empirical framework. By employing a dynamic panel of oil company data and implied volatilities as measures of uncertainty, I am able to examine the impact of uncertainty on investment and the effect of several factors on the investment-uncertainty relationship. I obtain evidence in support of several predictions from the theory. Both economy-wide and firm-specific types of uncertainty, as well as financing constraints, are found to adversely affect investment, while industry-wide uncertainty has an ambiguous effect, depending on the level of output price. In tests for non-linearity in the investment-output price volatility relationship, I find that output price, firm size and its risk management ability weaken the investment-uncertainty relationship. On the other hand, market imperfection, financing constraints, the firm's maturity and its risk aversion re-enforce the negative effect of uncertainty. In addition, adjustment costs seem to be considerable, as firm investment reacts to changes in macroeconomic conditions with a noticeable delay.
Book Synopsis An exact solution for the investment and market value of a firm facing uncertainty, adjustment costs, and irreversibility by : Andrew B. Abel
Download or read book An exact solution for the investment and market value of a firm facing uncertainty, adjustment costs, and irreversibility written by Andrew B. Abel and published by . This book was released on 1994 with total page 24 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Book Synopsis Corporate Investment Under Uncertainty, and the Neoclassical Model by : James L. Paddock
Download or read book Corporate Investment Under Uncertainty, and the Neoclassical Model written by James L. Paddock and published by Forgotten Books. This book was released on 2015-06-25 with total page 45 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Excerpt from Corporate Investment Under Uncertainty, and the Neoclassical Model Production decisions in neoclassical, certainty models of capital investment by firms have been the driving force behind current theoretical specifications of investment behavior. Often a specific form of the production technology is assumed. Recently the concept of costs of adjustment has been included in these models. When properly specified, this cost function yields a unique, optimum firm size (i.e., a determinate level of output and investment) and theoretically justifies the use of distributed lags in econometric analysis. This paper develops a more general model of production and investment decisions made in a world of uncertainty wherein firm values are determined in an explicit capital market. With less restrictive assumptions as to technology, and both with and without costs of adjustment, we derive theoretical results which are empirically identical to the earlier research described above. Thus we also bring into question which model the previous empirical analyses actually validated. Further, we show rigorously that the investment and output levels of a firm in our uncertain world, with non-competitive aspects of the capital market, will be strictly less than those in a certainty context. With a competitive capital market under uncertainty, however, investment and output levels are shown to equal those of a certain world. Jorgenson 19 presents an exhaustive treatment of the neoclassical model. Therefore, the results of our analysis are compared to his. About the Publisher Forgotten Books publishes hundreds of thousands of rare and classic books. Find more at www.forgottenbooks.com This book is a reproduction of an important historical work. Forgotten Books uses state-of-the-art technology to digitally reconstruct the work, preserving the original format whilst repairing imperfections present in the aged copy. In rare cases, an imperfection in the original, such as a blemish or missing page, may be replicated in our edition. We do, however, repair the vast majority of imperfections successfully; any imperfections that remain are intentionally left to preserve the state of such historical works.
Book Synopsis Irreversibility, Uncertainty, and Investment by : Robert S. Pindyck
Download or read book Irreversibility, Uncertainty, and Investment written by Robert S. Pindyck and published by World Bank Publications. This book was released on 1989 with total page 58 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Irreversible investment is especially sensitive to such risk factors as volatile exchange rates and uncertainty about tariff structures and future cash flows. If the goal of macroeconomic policy is to stimulate investment, stability and credibility may be more important than tax incentives or interest rates.
Book Synopsis A Unified Model of Investment Under Uncertainty by : Andrew B. Abel
Download or read book A Unified Model of Investment Under Uncertainty written by Andrew B. Abel and published by . This book was released on 1993 with total page 25 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This paper extends the theory of investment under uncertainty to incorporate fixed costs of investment, a wedge between the purchase price and sale price of capital, and potential irreversibility of investment. In this extended framework, investment is a non-decreasing function of q, the shadow price of installed capital. There are potentially three investment regimes, which depend on the value of q relative to two critical values. For values of q above the upper critical value, investment is positive and is an increasing function of q, as is standard in the theory branch of the adjustment cost literature. For intermediate values of q, between two critical values, investment is zero. Although this regime features prominently in the irreversibility literature, it is largely ignored in the adjustment cost literature. Finally, if q is below the lower critical value, gross investment is negative, a possibility that is ruled out by assumption in the irreversibility of literature. In general, however, the shadow price q is not directly observable, so we present two examples relating q to observable varieties.
Book Synopsis Optimal Dynamic Investment Policies of a Value Maximizing Firm by : Peter M. Kort
Download or read book Optimal Dynamic Investment Policies of a Value Maximizing Firm written by Peter M. Kort and published by Springer. This book was released on 1989-05-10 with total page 200 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This book is a contribution to the area of dynamic models of the firm. In Chapter 1, a general investment decision rule based on the concept of net present value of marginal investment is developed. In chapter 2, the rule is applied in deterministic dynamic models of the firm. This rule can be expressed as follows: If the net present value of marginal investment is positive, it is optimal for the firm to grow as fast as possible; If the net present value of marginal investment is zero, the firm is in its optimal situation and it determines its investment policy to maintain this position; If the net present value of marginal investment is negative, it is optimal for the firm to contract as much as possible. In Chapter 3, the influence of adjustment costs of investment on optimal dynamic firm behaviour is studied. To that end, models with convex and concave adjustment cost functions are developed and analysed by using the investment decision rule described above. In Chapter 4, the stochastic dynamic theory of the firm is extended by connecting it with the Intertemporal Capital Asset Pricing Model (ICAPM) developed by Merton.
Book Synopsis Investment Under Uncertainty and Financial Market Development by : Sergio Lehmann
Download or read book Investment Under Uncertainty and Financial Market Development written by Sergio Lehmann and published by . This book was released on 1997 with total page 60 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Book Synopsis Uncertainty and Investment Dynamics by : Nick Bloom
Download or read book Uncertainty and Investment Dynamics written by Nick Bloom and published by . This book was released on 2006 with total page 60 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This paper shows that, with (partial) irreversibility, higher uncertainty reduces the impact effect of demand shocks on investment. Uncertainty increases real option values making firms more cautious when investing or disinvesting. This is confirmed both numerically for a model with a rich mix of adjustment costs, time-varying uncertainty, and aggregation over investment decisions and time, and also empirically for a panel of manufacturing firms. These cautionary effects of uncertainty are large - going from the lower quartile to the upper quartile of the uncertainty distribution typically halves the first year investment response to demand shocks. This implies the responsiveness of firms to any given policy stimulus may be much lower in periods of high uncertainty, such as after major shocks like OPEC I and 9/11.
Book Synopsis Real Exchange Rate Uncertainty and Private Investment in Developing Countries by : Luis Servén
Download or read book Real Exchange Rate Uncertainty and Private Investment in Developing Countries written by Luis Servén and published by World Bank Publications. This book was released on 2002 with total page 24 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Serven examines empirically the link between real exchange rate uncertainty and private investment in developing countries using a large cross country-time series data set. He builds a GARCH-based measure of real exchange rate volatility and finds that it has a strong negative impact on investment, after controlling for other standard investment determinants and taking into account their potential endogeneity. The impact of uncertainty is not uniform, however. There is some evidence of threshold effects, so that uncertainty only matters when it exceeds some critical level. In addition, the negative impact of real exchange rate uncertainty on investment is significantly larger in economies that are highly open and in those with less developed financial systems.
Book Synopsis The Impact of Market Structure and Irreversibility on Investment Under Uncertainty by : Sara Maioli
Download or read book The Impact of Market Structure and Irreversibility on Investment Under Uncertainty written by Sara Maioli and published by . This book was released on 2005 with total page pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Book Synopsis Corporate Investment Under Uncertainty, and the Neoclassical Model (Classic Reprint) by : James L. Paddock
Download or read book Corporate Investment Under Uncertainty, and the Neoclassical Model (Classic Reprint) written by James L. Paddock and published by Forgotten Books. This book was released on 2017-11-06 with total page 44 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Excerpt from Corporate Investment Under Uncertainty, and the Neoclassical Model Jorgenson [19] is the main proponent of this econometric research and his analysis claims to explain the discrepancies among many of the major empirical studies of investment behavior in neoclassical models. He shows that proper treatment of costs of adjustment in all these other models would modify their results such that the Cobb - Douglas form holds. However, Jorgenson's work and that of the others he criticizes are partial equilibrium analyses in that they ignore financial market considerations, concentrating instead solely on production decisions of the firm. About the Publisher Forgotten Books publishes hundreds of thousands of rare and classic books. Find more at www.forgottenbooks.com This book is a reproduction of an important historical work. Forgotten Books uses state-of-the-art technology to digitally reconstruct the work, preserving the original format whilst repairing imperfections present in the aged copy. In rare cases, an imperfection in the original, such as a blemish or missing page, may be replicated in our edition. We do, however, repair the vast majority of imperfections successfully; any imperfections that remain are intentionally left to preserve the state of such historical works.
