Fdr And The Us Navy

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FDR and the US Navy

Author : Edward J. Marolda
Publisher : Palgrave Macmillan
ISBN 13 : 9780312211578
Total Pages : 202 pages
Book Rating : 4.2/5 (115 download)

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Book Synopsis FDR and the US Navy by : Edward J. Marolda

Download or read book FDR and the US Navy written by Edward J. Marolda and published by Palgrave Macmillan. This book was released on 1998-08-14 with total page 202 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Franklin Delano Roosevelt had a lifelong love for the United States Navy. Inspired as a youth by the US Fleet's dramatic impact on the global stage, and its use overseas by his illustrious cousin, Theodore Roosevelt, Franklin quite naturally focused his eyes on the sea. FDR and the US Navy presents the work of prominent biographers and historians who analyzed Franklin D. Roosevelt's long, close, and eventful association with the United States Navy, in war and peace, from the turn of the century to the end of World War II. The contributors show how as President during the 1930s, FDR endeavoured with naval leaders, not always successfully, to build a combat-capable fleet and to deter the aggressor nations of Europe and Asia. The essays argue that one of Franklin Roosevelt's greatest achievements was his direction as Commander in Chief of the US Navy and the other American armed forces during World War II, when the very survival of the nation was at stake. This book is the product of a day-long conference, entitled 'Franklin D. Roosevelt and the US Navy' that was held on October 22, 1996 at the US Navy Memorial Foundation's Heritage Center on Pennsylvania Avenue in Washington, DC. It is both a powerful tribute and an important historical work on FDR.

Roosevelt's Navy

Author : James Tertius de Kay
Publisher : Simon and Schuster
ISBN 13 : 1681770377
Total Pages : 228 pages
Book Rating : 4.6/5 (817 download)

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Book Synopsis Roosevelt's Navy by : James Tertius de Kay

Download or read book Roosevelt's Navy written by James Tertius de Kay and published by Simon and Schuster. This book was released on 2013-02-13 with total page 228 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: FDR as never seen before: His formative years as Woodrow Wilson’s Assistant Secretary of the Navy, evolving from political neophyte to visionary leader. This is the story of a very different Franklin Delano Roosevelt from the one traditionally found in the history books. This is a much younger, untested, pre-polio FDR, learning the complexities of gaining and exercising power as Woodrow Wilson’s ambitious Assistant Secretary of the Navy. He arrives in Washington as an inexperienced political amateur possessed of little more than a famous name, but by the time he leaves the Navy eight years later he will have transformed himself into a seasoned professional, wise to the ways of power, a visionary ready and eager to take his place on the world stage. FDR’s early years in Washington also include the most tumultuous period in his personal life, when, caught in a difficult marriage, he is forced to choose between his own personal happiness and his political ambitions. He must deal at close quarters with Congress, with the Administration, and with the military. Lastly, but crucially, he confronts himself, learning something about his potential, his limitations, and his growing ambition to become president of the United States.

The Pearl Harbor Secret

Author : Sewall Menzel
Publisher : Bloomsbury Publishing USA
ISBN 13 :
Total Pages : 349 pages
Book Rating : 4.2/5 (161 download)

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Book Synopsis The Pearl Harbor Secret by : Sewall Menzel

Download or read book The Pearl Harbor Secret written by Sewall Menzel and published by Bloomsbury Publishing USA. This book was released on 2020-05-04 with total page 349 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This book provides a penetrating look into Franklin D. Roosevelt's strategy to bait Adolf Hitler into declaring war on America in order to defeat Germany militarily, thus preventing the Nazis from developing the atomic bomb. In late 1939, President Roosevelt learned that Hitler was attempting to develop an atomic bomb to use against the United States. The president responded by directing his own scientific community to develop an atomic bomb and began making plans to go to war with Germany. However, he was hampered by public opinion, with 80 percent of the American people against U.S. involvement in another ground war in Europe. Roosevelt seized an opportunity in 1940, when Japan and Nazi Germany formed a military alliance. To bait Germany into war, FDR shut down Japan's war-making economy, prompting Tokyo to attack Pearl Harbor. A few days later, Hitler declared war on America. Using declassified documents, this book shows how Pearl Harbor was not about Japan; it was about the United States going to war with Germany. It reveals how the U.S. Navy's intelligence gathering system could break virtually any Japanese naval code, but Admiral Husband E. Kimmel, the commander of the U.S. Pacific Fleet, was kept in the dark about the impending Pearl Harbor attack by his own government.

FDR and High Treason at Pearl Harbor

Author : Charles Sprinkles
Publisher : Pen and Sword Military
ISBN 13 : 1399050915
Total Pages : 246 pages
Book Rating : 4.3/5 (99 download)

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Book Synopsis FDR and High Treason at Pearl Harbor by : Charles Sprinkles

Download or read book FDR and High Treason at Pearl Harbor written by Charles Sprinkles and published by Pen and Sword Military. This book was released on 2024-07-25 with total page 246 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Charles Sprinkles uses recently declassified documents to argue that President Franklin D. Roosevelt knew about Pearl Harbor before it happened. Pearl Harbor is a fallacy that needs to be corrected. American’s have been taught in schools that this was a surprise/sneak attack by the Imperial Japanese government on the United States Navy and Army at Pearl Harbor; nothing could be further from the truth. FDR help orchestrate and instigate the attack by the Imperial Japanese Navy on Pearl Harbor in 1941. There was more than enough information that passed before FDR eyes from 1933 to 1941 that showed that Japan was going to attack the United States in Hawaii and just how weak the United States defenses were at Pearl Harbor. Important information was ignored such as the war games at Pearl Harbor in 1932 and 38, the book “Winged Defense” by General William Mitchell in 1925, exam question for cadets to graduate the Imperial Japanese Naval Academy “How would you conduct a surprise attack on Pearl Harbor,” which FDR knew about, the Panay Incident and the Nan King Massacre, all the intercepted codes that said Japan was going to attack Pearl Harbor and yet FDR did nothing to stop Japan. After the war there was an investigation into the attack on Pearl Harbor, however all the information had been classified and could not be released to investigate in the late 1940’s. This is not the case today.

Forging the Trident

Author : John B Hattendorf
Publisher : Naval Institute Press
ISBN 13 : 1682475565
Total Pages : 257 pages
Book Rating : 4.6/5 (824 download)

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Book Synopsis Forging the Trident by : John B Hattendorf

Download or read book Forging the Trident written by John B Hattendorf and published by Naval Institute Press. This book was released on 2020-11-15 with total page 257 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Although Theodore Roosevelt has been the subject of numerous books, there has not been a single volume that traces Roosevelt's interaction with the U.S. Navy from his work as a naval historian in the 1880s through his leadership of the Navy as president in the early twentieth century. The editors of this volume fill in this gap in the historical literature. Each essay in this collection by leading historians of American naval history will cover one aspect of Roosevelt's relationship with the Navy while addressing the unifying theme of his use of history and America's naval heritage to advocate for strengthening and modernizing the Navy during his own lifetime. In addition to the book editors, contributors are: Sarah Goldberger, James R. Holmes, David Kohnen, Branden Little, Jon Scott Logel, Edward J. Marolda, Kevin D. McCranie, Matthew Oyos, Jason W. Smith, and Craig L. Symonds.

No End Save Victory

Author : David Kaiser
Publisher : Basic Books
ISBN 13 : 0465062997
Total Pages : 417 pages
Book Rating : 4.4/5 (65 download)

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Book Synopsis No End Save Victory by : David Kaiser

Download or read book No End Save Victory written by David Kaiser and published by Basic Books. This book was released on 2014-04-08 with total page 417 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: While Franklin Delano Roosevelt's first hundred days may be the most celebrated period of his presidency, the months before the attack on Pearl Harbor proved the most critical. Beginning as early as 1939 when Germany first attacked Poland, Roosevelt skillfully navigated a host of challenges -- a reluctant population, an unprepared military, and disagreements within his cabinet -- to prepare the country for its inevitable confrontation with the Axis. In No End Save Victory, esteemed historian David Kaiser draws on extensive archival research to reveal the careful preparations that enabled the United States to win World War II. Alarmed by Germany and Japan's aggressive militarism, Roosevelt understood that the United States would almost certainly be drawn into the conflict raging in Europe and Asia. However, the American populace, still traumatized by memories of the First World War, was reluctant to intervene in European and Asian affairs. Even more serious was the deplorable state of the American military. In September of 1940, Roosevelt's military advisors told him that the US would not have the arms, ammunition, or men necessary to undertake any major military operation overseas -- let alone win such a fight -- until April of 1942. Aided by his closest military and civilian collaborators, Roosevelt pushed a series of military expansions through Congress that nearly doubled the size of the US Navy and Army, and increased production of the arms, tanks, bombers, and warships that would allow America to prevail in the coming fight. Highlighting Roosevelt's deft management of the strong personalities within his cabinet and his able navigation of the shifting tides of war, No End Save Victory is the definitive account of America's preparations for and entry into World War II. As Kaiser shows, it was Roosevelt's masterful leadership and prescience that prepared the reluctant nation to fight -- and gave it the tools to win.

World War II at Sea

Author : Craig L. Symonds
Publisher : Oxford University Press
ISBN 13 : 0190243694
Total Pages : 720 pages
Book Rating : 4.1/5 (92 download)

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Book Synopsis World War II at Sea by : Craig L. Symonds

Download or read book World War II at Sea written by Craig L. Symonds and published by Oxford University Press. This book was released on 2018-04-02 with total page 720 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Author of Lincoln and His Admirals (winner of the Lincoln Prize), The Battle of Midway (Best Book of the Year, Military History Quarterly), and Operation Neptune, (winner of the Samuel Eliot Morison Award for Naval Literature), Craig L. Symonds has established himself as one of the finest naval historians at work today. World War II at Sea represents his crowning achievement: a complete narrative of the naval war and all of its belligerents, on all of the world's oceans and seas, between 1939 and 1945. Opening with the 1930 London Conference, Symonds shows how any limitations on naval warfare would become irrelevant before the decade was up, as Europe erupted into conflict once more and its navies were brought to bear against each other. World War II at Sea offers a global perspective, focusing on the major engagements and personalities and revealing both their scale and their interconnection: the U-boat attack on Scapa Flow and the Battle of the Atlantic; the "miracle" evacuation from Dunkirk and the pitched battles for control of Norway fjords; Mussolini's Regia Marina-at the start of the war the fourth-largest navy in the world-and the dominance of the Kidö Butai and Japanese naval power in the Pacific; Pearl Harbor then Midway; the struggles of the Russian Navy and the scuttling of the French Fleet in Toulon in 1942; the landings in North Africa and then Normandy. Here as well are the notable naval leaders-FDR and Churchill, both self-proclaimed "Navy men," Karl Dönitz, François Darlan, Ernest King, Isoroku Yamamoto, Erich Raeder, Inigo Campioni, Louis Mountbatten, William Halsey, as well as the hundreds of thousands of seamen and officers of all nationalities whose live were imperiled and lost during the greatest naval conflicts in history, from small-scale assaults and amphibious operations to the largest armadas ever assembled. Many have argued that World War II was dominated by naval operations; few have shown and how and why this was the case. Symonds combines precision with story-telling verve, expertly illuminating not only the mechanics of large-scale warfare on (and below) the sea but offering wisdom into the nature of the war itself.

Captain McCrea's War

Author : John L. McCrea
Publisher : Skyhorse Publishing, Inc.
ISBN 13 : 1510713247
Total Pages : 364 pages
Book Rating : 4.5/5 (17 download)

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Book Synopsis Captain McCrea's War by : John L. McCrea

Download or read book Captain McCrea's War written by John L. McCrea and published by Skyhorse Publishing, Inc.. This book was released on 2016-11-15 with total page 364 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: World War II from a Leader Who Saw the War from Both the White House and the Bridge of a Battleship Vice Admiral John L. McCrea worked with the president of the United States on difficult and unusual assignments, associated with royalty and world-famous political and military leaders, and he commanded the USS Iowa and a task force in the Pacific. Over the years, many urged him to write a book, and before his passing he finally recorded his reminiscences. Captain McCrea’s War captures his amazing tales from the World War II years. After the United States entered the war, McCrea served as a naval aide to President Franklin D. Roosevelt, where he set up the White House Map Room (later known as the Situation Room) and Shangri-La (now called Camp David). He supplied material for the president’s fireside chats, helped arrange the Casablanca Conference, and worked with such prominent leaders as Winston Churchill and General Douglas MacArthur. Despite his important work for the president, McCrea yearned for sea duty. Persuading FDR to release him from the White House, he was given command of the USS Iowa, the country’s newest and largest battleship. With his new ship, McCrea transported Roosevelt and the joint chiefs of staff across the Atlantic for the Tehran Conference and fought with the Fast Carrier Task Force in the Pacific. Captain McCrea’s War ends in April 1945, when McCrea was summoned back to Washington after President Roosevelt’s death. Skyhorse Publishing, along with our Arcade, Good Books, Sports Publishing, and Yucca imprints, is proud to publish a broad range of biographies, autobiographies, and memoirs. Our list includes biographies on well-known historical figures like Benjamin Franklin, Nelson Mandela, and Alexander Graham Bell, as well as villains from history, such as Heinrich Himmler, John Wayne Gacy, and O. J. Simpson. We have also published survivor stories of World War II, memoirs about overcoming adversity, first-hand tales of adventure, and much more. While not every title we publish becomes a New York Times bestseller or a national bestseller, we are committed to books on subjects that are sometimes overlooked and to authors whose work might not otherwise find a home.

Theodore Roosevelt, the U.S. Navy and the Spanish-American War

Author : E. Marolda
Publisher : Springer
ISBN 13 : 1137055014
Total Pages : 120 pages
Book Rating : 4.1/5 (37 download)

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Book Synopsis Theodore Roosevelt, the U.S. Navy and the Spanish-American War by : E. Marolda

Download or read book Theodore Roosevelt, the U.S. Navy and the Spanish-American War written by E. Marolda and published by Springer. This book was released on 2016-04-30 with total page 120 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: In the 1890s, Assistant Secretary of the Navy Theodore Roosevelt led a campaign to modernize the navy. Paramount in Roosevelt's vision was the creation of a fleet of modern, steel-hulled warships armed with the most powerful weapons available. The future president and his intellectual soul mate, Captain Alfred Thayer Mahan, firmly believed that America's emerging global expansion would only reach its full potential through sea. power. The swift and overwhelming US victor in the Spanish-American War of 1898 vindicated the views of Theodore Roosevelt and Captain Mahan, and marked the debut on the world stage of the modern US Navy. Theodore Roosevelt, the U.S. Navy and the Spanish American War considers the impact Roosevelt had on the US navy in general and how his reforms affected the course and outcome of the Spanish-American war in particular. The nine contributors to this volume include leading historians, and prominent naval officers from the US and Spain. With essays ranging from the Roosevelt family's naval heritage to the impact of the Spanish-American War on enlisted forces in the navy, this work is a major contribution to our understanding of Theodore Roosevelt and 'his' navy.

Naval Documents of the American Revolution

Author : United States. Naval History Division
Publisher :
ISBN 13 :
Total Pages : pages
Book Rating : 4.:/5 (64 download)

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Book Synopsis Naval Documents of the American Revolution by : United States. Naval History Division

Download or read book Naval Documents of the American Revolution written by United States. Naval History Division and published by . This book was released on 1964 with total page pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:

Theodore Roosevelt's Naval Diplomacy

Author : Henry J. Hendrix
Publisher : US Naval Institute Press
ISBN 13 :
Total Pages : 280 pages
Book Rating : 4.3/5 (91 download)

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Book Synopsis Theodore Roosevelt's Naval Diplomacy by : Henry J. Hendrix

Download or read book Theodore Roosevelt's Naval Diplomacy written by Henry J. Hendrix and published by US Naval Institute Press. This book was released on 2009 with total page 280 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: "Theodore Roosevelt's Naval Diplomacy examines President Roosevelt's use of U.S. naval seapower to advance his diplomatic efforts to facilitate the emergence of the United States as a great power at the dawn of the twentieth century. Based on extensive research, the author introduces a wealth of new material to document the development of Roosevelt's philosophy with regard to naval power and his implementation of this strategy. The book relates Roosevelt's use of the Navy and Marine Corps to advance American interests during the historically controversial Venezuelan Crisis (1902-03), Panama's independence movement (1903), the Morocco-Perciaris Incident (1904), and the choice of a navy yard as the site for the negotiations that ended the Russo-Japanese War. The voyage of the Great White Fleet and Roosevelt's efforts to technologically transform the American Navy are also covered. In the end, the book details how Roosevelt's actions combined to thrust the United States forward onto the world's stage as a major player and cemented his place in American history as a great president. This history provides new information that finally puts to rest the controversy of whether Roosevelt did or did not issue an ultimatum to the German and British governments in December 1902, bringing the United States to the brink of war with two of the world's great powers. It also reveals a secret war plan developed during Panama's independence movement that envisioned the U.S. Marine Corps invading Colombia to defend the sovereignty of the new Panamanian republic. Theodore Roosevelt's Naval Diplomacy brings new understanding to how the U.S. Navy was used to usher in the American century"--Jacket.

Day Of Deceit

Author : Robert Stinnett
Publisher : Simon and Schuster
ISBN 13 : 9780743201292
Total Pages : 438 pages
Book Rating : 4.2/5 (12 download)

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Book Synopsis Day Of Deceit by : Robert Stinnett

Download or read book Day Of Deceit written by Robert Stinnett and published by Simon and Schuster. This book was released on 2001-05-08 with total page 438 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Using previously unreleased documents, the author reveals new evidence that FDR knew the attack on Pearl Harbor was coming and did nothing to prevent it.

Roosevelt's Secret War

Author : Joseph E. Persico
Publisher : Random House Trade Paperbacks
ISBN 13 : 0375761268
Total Pages : 594 pages
Book Rating : 4.3/5 (757 download)

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Book Synopsis Roosevelt's Secret War by : Joseph E. Persico

Download or read book Roosevelt's Secret War written by Joseph E. Persico and published by Random House Trade Paperbacks. This book was released on 2002-10-22 with total page 594 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Despite all that has already been written on Franklin Delano Roosevelt, Joseph Persico has uncovered a hitherto overlooked dimension of FDR's wartime leadership: his involvement in intelligence and espionage operations. Roosevelt's Secret War is crowded with remarkable revelations: -FDR wanted to bomb Tokyo before Pearl Harbor -A defector from Hitler's inner circle reported directly to the Oval Office -Roosevelt knew before any other world leader of Hitler's plan to invade Russia -Roosevelt and Churchill concealed a disaster costing hundreds of British soldiers' lives in order to protect Ultra, the British codebreaking secret -An unwitting Japanese diplomat provided the President with a direct pipeline into Hitler's councils Roosevelt's Secret War also describes how much FDR had been told--before the Holocaust--about the coming fate of Europe's Jews. And Persico also provides a definitive answer to the perennial question Did FDR know in advance about the attack on Pearl Harbor? By temperament and character, no American president was better suited for secret warfare than FDR. He manipulated, compartmentalized, dissembled, and misled, demonstrating a spymaster's talent for intrigue. He once remarked, "I never let my right hand know what my left hand does." Not only did Roosevelt create America's first central intelligence agency, the OSS, under "Wild Bill" Donovan, but he ran spy rings directly from the Oval Office, enlisting well-placed socialite friends. FDR was also spied against. Roosevelt's Secret War presents evidence that the Soviet Union had a source inside the Roosevelt White House; that British agents fed FDR total fabrications to draw the United States into war; and that Roosevelt, by yielding to Churchill's demand that British scientists be allowed to work on the Manhattan Project, enabled the secrets of the bomb to be stolen. And these are only a few of the scores of revelations in this constantly surprising story of Roosevelt's hidden role in World War II.

Sailor in the White House

Author : Robert F Cross
Publisher : Naval Institute Press
ISBN 13 : 1612515002
Total Pages : 298 pages
Book Rating : 4.6/5 (125 download)

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Book Synopsis Sailor in the White House by : Robert F Cross

Download or read book Sailor in the White House written by Robert F Cross and published by Naval Institute Press. This book was released on 2015-08-15 with total page 298 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Now available in paperback, Robert F. Cross’ Sailor in the White House remains one of the most interesting and intimate books about Franklin D. Roosevelt. Secret Service agents, family, and old sailing pals share stories about their days on the water with America’s greatest seafaring president. The author argues that the skills required to be a good sailor are the same skills that made FDR a successful politician: the ability to alter courses, make compromises, and shift positions as the situation warrants. This perspective on Roosevelt shows how his love of the sea shaped his presidency, and its unique look remains refreshing even today.

Frank Knox

Author : Christopher D. O’Sullivan
Publisher : Springer Nature
ISBN 13 : 303133650X
Total Pages : 236 pages
Book Rating : 4.0/5 (313 download)

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Book Synopsis Frank Knox by : Christopher D. O’Sullivan

Download or read book Frank Knox written by Christopher D. O’Sullivan and published by Springer Nature. This book was released on 2023-07-04 with total page 236 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Frank Knox served as Secretary of the Navy during some of the most eventful years in U.S. naval history, his tenure coinciding with a number of dramas such as the innovative 1940 bases-for-destroyers initiative (which he conceptualized prior to entering the administration), the undeclared naval war in the Atlantic against Germany’s U-boats in 1941, the December 1941 attack on Pearl Harbor, the subsequent naval war in the Pacific, and naval landings in North Africa and Italy. Knox’s most important contribution to the war effort was his leadership in building a 1,000-ship fleet, without which the much-heralded landings and battles might never have been possible. In this comprehensive biography, Christopher D. O’Sullivan offers a portrait of the Roughrider in FDR’s cabinet.

Threshold of War

Author : Waldo Heinrichs
Publisher : Oxford University Press
ISBN 13 : 0199879044
Total Pages : 294 pages
Book Rating : 4.1/5 (998 download)

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Book Synopsis Threshold of War by : Waldo Heinrichs

Download or read book Threshold of War written by Waldo Heinrichs and published by Oxford University Press. This book was released on 1990-03-01 with total page 294 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: As the first comprehensive treatment of the American entry into World War II to appear in over thirty-five years, Waldo Heinrichs' volume places American policy in a global context, covering both the European and Asian diplomatic and military scenes, with Roosevelt at the center. Telling a tale of ever-broadening conflict, this vivid narrative weaves back and forth from the battlefields in the Soviet Union, to the intense policy debates within Roosevelt's administration, to the sinking of the battleship Bismarck, to the precarious and delicate negotiations with Japan. Refuting the popular portrayal of Roosevelt as a vacillating, impulsive man who displayed no organizational skills in his decision-making during this period, Heinrichs presents him as a leader who acted with extreme caution and deliberation, who always kept his options open, and who, once Hitler's invasion of the Soviet Union stalled in July, 1941, acted rapidly and with great determination. This masterful account of a key moment in American history captures the tension faced by Roosevelt, Churchill, Stimson, Hull, and numerous others as they struggled to shape American policy in the climactic nine months before Pearl Harbor.

Deception, Intrigue, and the Road to War, Vol. I (1 Of 2)

Author : Douglas P. Horne
Publisher :
ISBN 13 : 9780984314454
Total Pages : 392 pages
Book Rating : 4.3/5 (144 download)

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Book Synopsis Deception, Intrigue, and the Road to War, Vol. I (1 Of 2) by : Douglas P. Horne

Download or read book Deception, Intrigue, and the Road to War, Vol. I (1 Of 2) written by Douglas P. Horne and published by . This book was released on 2017-01-04 with total page 392 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Over 75 years after the Japanese attack on Pearl Harbor that launched America's entry into the Second World War, one persistent question remains unanswered: "Did President Franklin D. Roosevelt have foreknowledge of the attack---and did he (and his senior military leadership) then withhold that knowledge from his overseas commanders in Hawaii?" Douglas P. Horne, a former Naval Officer who recently completed 40 years of combined military-and-civilian service to the Federal Government, deals directly with this most difficult of all questions about World War II, in the first major "Revisionist" work about Pearl Harbor written in the last decade. Contrary to recent assertions by mainstream historians that the Revisionist hypothesis is now dead, Horne finds it to be more robust than ever. In the first known work that studies FDR's foreign policy "on the road to Pearl Harbor" as a timeline, or chronology (which assesses numerous factors---including codebreaking, diplomacy, military strategy, the unfolding events in Europe, and the personality and words of FDR himself), the author compellingly presents his own unique findings regarding the longstanding allegation by Revisionists that FDR used the impending Japanese attack on Pearl Harbor as a "back door to war." Horne concludes there is, indeed, persuasive evidence that once FDR's undeclared naval war against Hitler in the north Atlantic failed to provide the desired casus belli (which would have allowed him to request a declaration of war against Nazi Germany), then consequently, permitting the Imperial Japanese Navy to attack Pearl Harbor---without providing any specific advance warning to the Hawaiian field commanders (i.e., allowing the Japanese to "fire the first shot" and commit "an overt act of war")---became the last, best chance for FDR to get a united America into the Second World War. FDR's overriding goal throughout 1940-41 was the imperative to get America involved, as a belligerent, in the war against Hitler's Germany, and the Japanese attack accomplished that goal, as Roosevelt knew it would. Both the timing of when FDR apparently received his foreknowledge of the impending attack, and the mechanism by which it was likely delivered, are thoroughly considered in this work. Author Douglas Horne also provides a critical assessment of the most recent Revisionist works, and using a new approach to the "big question" about Pearl Harbor, provides a bold new interpretation of events that will surprise most readers.