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Fabrication Of Microlens In Polymers With Thermal Reflow
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Book Synopsis Fabrication of Microlens in Polymers with Thermal Reflow by : Farhan Badar
Download or read book Fabrication of Microlens in Polymers with Thermal Reflow written by Farhan Badar and published by . This book was released on 2012 with total page pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: [ANGLÈS] This study shows that it is possible to fabricate lenses with a very small diameter by depositing and melting the photoresist layer on a glass substrate. Thermal Reflow technique has been used to melt the top surface of lens and thus convex lenses have been developed in the form of spheres having diameter ranging from 50 - 175?m of thickness 10?m each. We present a study of melted microlens arrays and it concentrates on the production and measurement of microlens arrays. We explain the mechanism of fabricating microlens arrays and study their optical properties.
Download or read book Microlenses written by Hongrui Jiang and published by CRC Press. This book was released on 2013-04-16 with total page 231 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Due to the development of microscale fabrication methods, microlenses are being used more and more in many unique applications, such as artificial implementations of compound eyes, optical communications, and labs-on-chips. Liquid microlenses, in particular, represent an important and growing research area yet there are no books devoted to this topic that summarize the research to date. Rectifying this deficiency, Microlenses: Properties, Fabrication and Liquid Lenses examines the recent progress in the emerging field of liquid-based microlenses. After describing how certain problems in optics can be solved by liquid microlenses, the book introduces the physics and fabrication methods involved in microlenses. It also details the facility and equipment requirements for general fabrication methods. The authors then present examples of various microlenses with non-tunable and tunable focal lengths based on different mechanisms, including: Non-tunable microlenses: Ge/SiO2 core/shell nanolenses, glass lenses made by isotropic etching, self-assembled lenses and lens arrays, lenses fabricated by direct photo-induced polymerization, lenses formed by thermally reflowing photoresist, lenses formed from inkjet printing, arrays fabricated through molding processes, and injection-molded plastic lenses Electrically tuned microlenses: liquid crystal-based lenses and liquid lenses driven by electrostatic forces, dielectrophoretic forces, electrowetting, and electrochemical reactions Mechanically tunable microlenses: thin-membrane lenses with varying apertures, pressures, and surface shapes; swellable hydrogel lenses; liquid–liquid interface lenses actuated by environmentally stimuli-responsive hydrogels; and oscillating lens arrays driven by sound waves Horizontal microlenses: two-dimensional polymer lenses, tunable and movable liquid droplets as lenses, hydrodynamically tuned cylindrical lenses, liquid core and liquid cladding lenses, air–liquid interface lenses, and tunable liquid gradient refractive index lenses The book concludes by summarizing the importance of microlenses, shedding light on future microlens work, and exploring related challenges, such as the packaging of systems, effects of gravity, evaporation of liquids, aberrations, and integration with other optical components.
Book Synopsis Glassy Materials Based Microdevices by : Giancarlo C. Righini
Download or read book Glassy Materials Based Microdevices written by Giancarlo C. Righini and published by MDPI. This book was released on 2019-02-28 with total page 284 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Microtechnology has changed our world since the last century, when silicon microelectronics revolutionized sensor, control and communication areas, with applications extending from domotics to automotive, and from security to biomedicine. The present century, however, is also seeing an accelerating pace of innovation in glassy materials; as an example, glass-ceramics, which successfully combine the properties of an amorphous matrix with those of micro- or nano-crystals, offer a very high flexibility of design to chemists, physicists and engineers, who can conceive and implement advanced microdevices. In a very similar way, the synthesis of glassy polymers in a very wide range of chemical structures offers unprecedented potential of applications. The contemporary availability of microfabrication technologies, such as direct laser writing or 3D printing, which add to the most common processes (deposition, lithography and etching), facilitates the development of novel or advanced microdevices based on glassy materials. Biochemical and biomedical sensors, especially with the lab-on-a-chip target, are one of the most evident proofs of the success of this material platform. Other applications have also emerged in environment, food, and chemical industries. The present Special Issue of Micromachines aims at reviewing the current state-of-the-art and presenting perspectives of further development. Contributions related to the technologies, glassy materials, design and fabrication processes, characterization, and, eventually, applications are welcome.
Download or read book Microlenses written by Hongrui Jiang and published by MDPI. This book was released on 2018-10-08 with total page 156 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This book is a printed edition of the Special Issue "Microlenses" that was published in Micromachines
Book Synopsis Advances in Polymer Processing by : S Thomas
Download or read book Advances in Polymer Processing written by S Thomas and published by Elsevier. This book was released on 2009-05-30 with total page 753 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Processing techniques are critical to the performance of polymer products which are used in a wide range of industries. Advances in polymer processing: From macro- to nano- scales reviews the latest advances in polymer processing, techniques and materials.Part one reviews the fundamentals of polymer processing with chapters on rheology, materials and polymer extrusion. Part two then discusses advances in moulding technology with chapters on such topics as compression, rotational and blow moulding of polymers. Chapters in Part three review alternative processing technologies such as calendaring and coating, foam processing and radiation processing of polymers. Part four discusses micro and nano-technologies with coverage of themes such as processing of macro, micro and nanocomposites and processing of carbon nanotubes. The final section of the book addresses post-processing technologies with chapters on online monitoring and computer modelling as well as joining, machining, finishing and decorating of polymers.With is distinguished editors and team of international contributors, Advances in polymer processing: From macro- to nano- scales is an invaluable reference for engineers and academics concerned with polymer processing. - Reviews the latest advances in polymer processing, techniques and materials analysing new challenges and opportunities - Discusses the fundamentals of polymer processing considering the compounding and mixing of polymers as well as extrusion - Assesses alternative processing technologies including calendaring and coating and thermoforming of polymers
Book Synopsis Micro-Manufacturing by : Muammer Koç
Download or read book Micro-Manufacturing written by Muammer Koç and published by John Wiley & Sons. This book was released on 2011-05-06 with total page 490 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This book is the first of its kind to collectively address design-based and mechanical micro-manufacturing topics in one place. It focuses on design and materials selection, as well as the manufacturing of micro-products using mechanical-based micro-manufacturing process technologies. After addressing the fundamentals and non-metallic-based micro-manufacturing processes in the semiconductor industry, it goes on to address specific metallic-based micro-manufacturing processes, such as: micro-forming, micro-machining, micro-molding, micro-laser processing, micro-layered manufacturing, micro-joining, micro-assembly and materials handling, and microEDM and ECM. The book provides an in-depth understanding of materials behavior at micro-scales and under different micro-scale processing conditions, while also including a wide variety of emerging micro-scale manufacturing issues and examples.
Book Synopsis Micro-optics, VCSELs, and Photonic Interconnects by :
Download or read book Micro-optics, VCSELs, and Photonic Interconnects written by and published by . This book was released on 2004 with total page 328 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Book Synopsis 3D Printing of Optical Components by : Andreas Heinrich
Download or read book 3D Printing of Optical Components written by Andreas Heinrich and published by Springer Nature. This book was released on 2020-11-21 with total page 307 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This edited volume reviews the current state of the art in the additive manufacturing of optical componentry, exploring key principles, materials, processes and applications. A short introduction lets readers familiarize themselves with the fundamental principles of the 3D printing method. This is followed by a chapter on commonly-used and emerging materials for printing of optical components, and subsequent chapters are dedicated to specific topics and case studies. The high potential of additive manufactured optical components is presented based on different manufacturing techniques and accompanied with extensive examples – from nanooptics to large scale optics – and taking research and industrial perspectives. Readers are provided with an extensive overview of the new possibilities brought about by this alternative method for optical components manufacture. Finally, the limitations of the method with respect to manufacturing techniques, materials and optical properties of the generated objects are discussed. With contributions from experts in academia and industry, this work will appeal to a wide readership, from undergraduate students through engineers to researchers interested in modern methods of manufacturing optical components.
Book Synopsis High Resolution 3D Nanoimprint Technology by : Xiaolin Wang
Download or read book High Resolution 3D Nanoimprint Technology written by Xiaolin Wang and published by kassel university press GmbH. This book was released on 2011 with total page 176 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Book Synopsis Microlenses and Their Applications in Microcameras by :
Download or read book Microlenses and Their Applications in Microcameras written by and published by . This book was released on 2013 with total page 0 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The use of microcameras has increased significantly in a variety of applications in many fields including medical, automotive, surveillance, and astronomy. This miniaturized imaging system, while introducing innovative applications also introduced several limitations in imaging at the microscale. Among those limitations are limited field of view and limited maneuverability. One approach to overcome these limitations is to utilize the versatility of microlenses as an integral part of the microcamera. Here, possible solutions to the microcamera's limited maneuverability and limited field of view are introduced by employing microlenses in different techniques. A multiple viewpoint imaging microcamera is introduced to address the issue of maneuverability. The microcamera is based on lightfield photography and provides the capability of multiple viewpoints from a single image capture. The microcamera includes a microlens array fabricated using the conventional method of photoresist thermal reflow. The design, fabrication, and testing of the microcamera are discussed. A novel microlens fabrication process is also introduced. This fabrication process can be used to produce optical devices with a large field of view. The microlenses utilize the natural shrinkage of hydrogels to produce the microlens mold. Polydimethylsiloxane (PDMS) is employed as the final microlens material. The design, fabrication, and testing of microlenses are discussed. A compound eye based on the fabrication process above is also introduced. The fabrication and capabilities of the compound eye are discussed. In addition, bio-inspired PDMS microlens arrays on curved surfaces are also introduced. The microlens arrays are connected by thin PDMS bridge-like structures. When placed on a curved surface, most of the stress will be localized on the bridge structure and not the microlens arrays. The design, fabrication and testing of the microlenses are discussed. The stress on the microlens arrays and bridge structure is also simulated and analyzed. Furthermore, a flexible camera array inspired by both apposition compound eyes and mammalian eyes is also introduced. The cameras are connected by a very flexible polymer allowing for instantaneous reconfigurability to achieve a wide field of view. Images from each camera can be stitched providing a panoramic view. The fabrication and assembly of the camera array are discussed.
Download or read book Hot Embossing written by Matthias Worgull and published by William Andrew. This book was released on 2009-09-28 with total page 368 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This book is an overview of replication technology for micro- and nanostructures, focusing on the techniques and technology of hot embossing, a scaleable and multi-purpose technology for the manufacture of devices such as BioMEMS and microfluidic devices which are expected to revolutionize a wide range of medical and industrial processes over the coming decade.The hot embossing process for replicating microstructures was developed by the Forschungszentrum Karlsruhe (Karlsruhe Institute of Technology) where the author is head of the Nanoreplication Group. Worgull fills a gap in existing information by fully detailing the technology and techniques of hot embossing. He also covers nanoimprinting, a process related to hot embossing, with examples of actual research topics and new applications in nanoreplication. - A practical and theoretical guide to selecting the materials, machinery and processes involved in microreplication using hot embossing techniques - Compares different replication processes such as: micro injection molding, micro thermoforming, micro hot embossing, and nanoimprinting - Details commercially available hot embossing machinery and components like tools and mold inserts
Book Synopsis Tamkang Journal of Science and Engineering by :
Download or read book Tamkang Journal of Science and Engineering written by and published by . This book was released on 2004 with total page 664 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Book Synopsis Optics Manufacturing by : Christoph Gerhard
Download or read book Optics Manufacturing written by Christoph Gerhard and published by CRC Press. This book was released on 2017-12-14 with total page 358 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Optical components are essential key elements in modern engineering and everyday life. The education of skilled personnel and specialists in the fields of theoretical and practical optics manufacturing is of essential importance for next-generation technologies. Against this background, this book provides the basis for the education and advanced training of precision and ophthalmic optics technicians, craftsmen, and foremen, and it is an extensive reference work for students, academics, optical designers or shop managers, and production engineers. It not only covers particularly used and applied machines, working materials, testing procedures, and machining steps for classical optics manufacturing, but it also addresses the production and specification of optical glasses as well as unconventional production techniques and novel approaches. Optics Manufacturing: Components and Systems furthermore covers the basics of light propagation and provides an overview on optical materials and components; presents an introduction and explanation of the necessary considerations and procedures for the initial definition of manufacturing tolerances and the relevant industrial standards for optics manufacturing; and addresses the production of micro optics, the assembly of opto-mechanical setups and possible manufacturing errors, and the impact of the resulting inaccuracies. In order to allow fast and clear access to the most essential information, each chapter ends with a short summary of the most important aspects, including an explanation of relevant equations, symbols, and abbreviations. For further reading, extensive lists of references are also provided. Finally, exercises on the covered basic principles of optics, approaches, and techniques of optics manufacturing—including their corresponding detailed solutions—are found in the appendix.
Download or read book Micro-Optics written by H. P. Herzig and published by CRC Press. This book was released on 1997-04-26 with total page 370 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This text examines the technology behind the plethora of modern industrial and domestic technologies which incorporate micro-optics eg. CDs, cameras, automated manufacturing systems, mobile communications etc. It includes a simple but comprehensive introduction to micro-optical developments design, and an overview of fabrication and replication tec
Book Synopsis MEMS Technology for Biomedical Imaging Applications by : Qifa Zhou
Download or read book MEMS Technology for Biomedical Imaging Applications written by Qifa Zhou and published by MDPI. This book was released on 2019-10-23 with total page 218 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Biomedical imaging is the key technique and process to create informative images of the human body or other organic structures for clinical purposes or medical science. Micro-electro-mechanical systems (MEMS) technology has demonstrated enormous potential in biomedical imaging applications due to its outstanding advantages of, for instance, miniaturization, high speed, higher resolution, and convenience of batch fabrication. There are many advancements and breakthroughs developing in the academic community, and there are a few challenges raised accordingly upon the designs, structures, fabrication, integration, and applications of MEMS for all kinds of biomedical imaging. This Special Issue aims to collate and showcase research papers, short commutations, perspectives, and insightful review articles from esteemed colleagues that demonstrate: (1) original works on the topic of MEMS components or devices based on various kinds of mechanisms for biomedical imaging; and (2) new developments and potentials of applying MEMS technology of any kind in biomedical imaging. The objective of this special session is to provide insightful information regarding the technological advancements for the researchers in the community.
Download or read book Microoptics written by Jürgen Jahns and published by Springer Science & Business Media. This book was released on 2004-07-13 with total page 346 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Configurations based on both wave-guide and free-space optics are covered. Novel directions in the area of nanooptics and photonic crystals are included. The reader can expect up-to-date information with many new results. The book is intended for graduate students, teachers, and researchers in industry."--Jacket.
Book Synopsis Thin Film Micro-Optics by : Ruediger Grunwald
Download or read book Thin Film Micro-Optics written by Ruediger Grunwald and published by Elsevier. This book was released on 2007-02-19 with total page 307 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: "Thin-film microoptics" stands for novel types of microoptical components and systems which combine the well-known features of miniaturized optical elements with the specific advantages of thin optical layers. This approach enables for innovative solutions in shaping light fields in spatial, temporal and spectral domain. Low-dispersion and small-angle systems for tailoring and diagnosing laser pulses under extreme conditions as well as VUV-capable microoptics can be realized. Continuous-relief microstructures of refractive, reflective and hybrid characteristics are obtained by vapor deposition technologies with shadow masks in rotating systems. The book gives a comprehensive overview on fundamental laws of microoptics, types of thin-film microoptical components, methods and constraints of their design, fabrication and characterization, structure transfer into substrates, optical functions and applications. Recent theoretical and experimental results of basic and applied research are addressed. Particular emphasis will be laid on the generation of localized, nondiffracting few-cycle wavepackets of extended depth of focus and high tolerance against distortions. It is shown that the spectral interference of ultrabroadband conical beams results in spatio-temporal structures of characteristic X-shape, so-called X-waves, which are interesting for robust optical communication. New prospects are opened by exploiting small conical angles from nanolayer microoptics and self-apodized truncation of Bessel beams leading to the formation of single-maximum nondiffracting beams or "needle beams". Thin-film microoptical beam shapers have an enormous potential for future applications like the two-dimensional ultrafast optical processing, multichannel laser-matter interaction, nonlinear spectroscopy or advanced measuring techniques.- Introduces a new and promising branch of microoptics - Gives a compact overview on the types, properties and applications of the most important microoptical components containing valuable data and facts- Helps to understand the basic optical laws - Reports on the historical development line of thin-film microoptics - Provides brand new results of research and development in the field of ultrashort-pulse laser beam shaping and diagnostics- Discusses the future trends and first approaches of next generation microoptics- Contains a carefully assorted glossary of the most important technical terms
