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ISBN 13 :
Total Pages : 360 pages
Book Rating : 4.:/5 (31 download)
Download or read book International Journal of Fusion Energy written by and published by . This book was released on 1985 with total page 360 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
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ISBN 13 :
Total Pages : 0 pages
Book Rating : 4.:/5 (137 download)
Download or read book INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL of - FUSION ENERGY - On the Trends in Nuclear Fusion Research written by and published by . This book was released on with total page 0 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Further research has started on various types of strongly noncircular plasma cross-sections, such as in the Finger-Ring Tokamak and the Doublet devices, with the purpose of increasing the ratio between the plasma pressure and the magnetic pressure as well as increasing the available range of toroidal currents within the Kruskal-Shafranov limit. [...] The strong evaporation and plasma formation of the surface layer of a grain produces a reaction force and a compression wave directed toward the center of the grain. [...] Nevertheless, there are many problems to solve: the efficient use of pulse energies that are several orders of magnitude larger than those available today; the nonlinear reflection properties and insta- bility mechanisms in the plasma and within the grain; the effects of energetic charged particles on the optical system, of induced magnetic fields, and of thermonuclear reactions; the physical and. [...] At the same time, there are problems to solve, such as those concerning the focusing of the beams on the target and the necessary size and geometry of the grains. [...] Nevertheless, this is just the beginning of a long and laborious road TRENDS IN FUSION RESEARCH 21 to the final goal; the problems to surmount include the interaction between the plasma and the first wall, sputtering and blistering, refueling and removal of ashes, the cooling system and its working fluids and gases, and, last but not least, repair and replacement of radioactive construction detail.
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ISBN 13 :
Total Pages : 0 pages
Book Rating : 4.:/5 (137 download)
Download or read book F3£ - INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL of - FUSION ENERGY. written by and published by . This book was released on with total page 0 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: His published works on the major currents of mathematical thought from the 16th through the 20th century include the first English translation of Georg Cantor's 'Foundations of a General Theory of Manifolds" and a ground-breaking study on "The Concept of the Transfinite." Steven Bardwell heads the Fusion Energy Foundation's plasma physics research division and is the associate editor of the IJFE. [...] If, however, the initial disturbance is such that the kinetic energy of the plasma greatly exceeds the magnetic field energy density, the Hall ef- fect22 is operative and results in the magnetic field lines "spinning" into a configuration parallel or antiparallel to the velocity within the plasma vortex. [...] The criterion for the applicability of the magnetohydrodynamic approximation24 is that the magnetic Reynolds number of the plasma under consideration is such that: For plasmas produced in some theta pinches and other laboratory plasma devices, the magnetic Reynolds number is on the order of 104, and the use of a single-fluid continuum approach is valid. [...] = 0 where E represents the electrical field strength,!' the viscosity, v the velocity of the fluid, H the magnetic field intensity, p the pressure , Q the density of the fluid, i the magnetic permeability, j the current density, and t the time. [...] As the coalesced vortices come close together at the center of the mirror, the opposing circulation patterns of the two highly conducting plasmoids (one corotating and the other contra- rotating) should pile up the magnetic field and result in a magnetic barrier or wall between the two structures.
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ISBN 13 :
Total Pages : 0 pages
Book Rating : 4.:/5 (137 download)
Download or read book INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL of - FUSION ENERGY - March 1977 Vol. I, No. 1 written by and published by . This book was released on with total page 0 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: In the experimental investigation of the translation of this magnetic field energy into plasma energy it has appeared that the plasma becomes more difficult to confine as it absorbs the energy; that is, the instabilities grow more rapidly in the energetic plasma, and the instabilities will very quickly and prematurely result in a loss of the plasma and its energy to the wall of the vacuum chamber. [...] (15) Colgate's results showed clearly that the neutrons pro- ceeding in the anode-cathode direction were, on the average, definitely of higher energy than the neutrons proceeding in the cathode during the pinch, and, therefore, that deuterons were average, the center of mass of the pairs of reacting deuterons in the reaction D(D,n) He3 was moving from the anode to the cathode during the pinch, and. [...] It appears that the radius of the plasma vortex filament in the current sheath and the radius of the channel of the plasma nodule are the nearest experimental realities to the Rosenbluth-Ferraro theoretical sheath thickness c/a> p. [...] The photographs so obtained show the density distribution of the plasma at the posi- tion of the screen at the time the voltage pulse is applied. [...] On the grounds of the predication of the importance of the plasma fine structure the author is including these experi- mental results in the history of the pinch effect.
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ISBN 13 :
Total Pages : 648 pages
Book Rating : 4.:/5 (318 download)
Download or read book Fusion Science and Technology written by and published by . This book was released on 2003 with total page 648 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
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Total Pages : 0 pages
Book Rating : 4.:/5 (137 download)
Download or read book INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL of - FUSION ENERGY - Magnetic Confinement Fusion Energy Research written by and published by . This book was released on with total page 0 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Nevertheless, it is possible in a single lecture to give the flavor of the subject and an idea of its present scientific and technological status, plus a descrip- * This paper is adapted from the text of a talk presented at the "Short Course" on energy at the Annual Meeting of the American Mathematical Society in San Antonio, Texas during January 1976 It is reprinted here with the permission of th. [...] Is the state of the art (experimental or theoretical or numerical) such that any level of effort at the present time is sufficient to answer a specific question, or must we wait a decade or a generation for the state of the art to reach an appropriate level? With regard to the second question, it is clear that the space program had to wait for solid state technology to provide an' appropriate leve. [...] There is also an interesting psychological point in the use of the phrase "real world" - are the laws of physics or of society and the budgetary world more "rea l ." and which laws are more dangerous to flout? The physical complexity is actually the single most important reason for a belief in the ultimate success of the program. [...] Very crudely, one might assign a figure of merit to a theoretical model as the product of three factors, one being the faithfulness of the model to physical reality, the second to geometrical reality, the third being a measure of its mathematical traetability. [...] In other words, it is not the introduction of the highly implicit and nonlinear variable V that is important; it is the appearance of a second derivative V" to interfere with the second-order Laplacian, as in (14d), which changes the nature of a well-posed problem.
Author : Alain Bécoulet
Publisher : National Geographic Books
ISBN 13 : 0262046261
Total Pages : 0 pages
Book Rating : 4.2/5 (62 download)
Download or read book Star Power written by Alain Bécoulet and published by National Geographic Books. This book was released on 2022-03-01 with total page 0 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: A concise and accessible explanation of the science and technology behind the domestication of nuclear fusion energy. Nuclear fusion research tells us that the Sun uses one gram of hydrogen to make as much energy as can be obtained by burning eight tons of petroleum. If nuclear fusion—the process that makes the stars shine—could be domesticated for commercial energy production, the world would gain an inexhaustible source of energy that neither depletes natural resources nor produces greenhouse gases. In Star Power, Alan Bécoulet offers a concise and accessible primer on fusion energy, explaining the science and technology of nuclear fusion and describing the massive international scientific effort to achieve commercially viable fusion energy. Bécoulet draws on his work as Head of Engineering at ITER (International Thermonuclear Experimental Reactor) to explain how scientists are trying to “put the sun in a box.” He surveys the history of nuclear power, beginning with post–World War II efforts to use atoms for peaceful purposes and describes how energy is derived from fusion, explaining that the essential principle of fusion is based on the capacity of nucleons (protons and neutrons) to assemble and form structures (atomic nuclei) in spite of electrical repulsion between protons, which all have a positive charge. He traces the evolution of fusion research and development, mapping the generation of electric current though fusion. The ITER project marks a giant step in the development of fusion energy, with the potential to demonstrate the feasibility of a nuclear fusion reactor. Star Power offers an introduction to what may be the future of energy production.
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Total Pages : 0 pages
Book Rating : 4.:/5 (137 download)
Download or read book INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL of - FUSION ENERGY - Fully Developed Magnetohydrodynamic Turbulence written by and published by . This book was released on with total page 0 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The magnetic Prandtl number (8) is equal to unity in all cases except for the subsection entitled "Variation with Magnetic Prandtl Number." The main results concern the Alfven effect (quasiequiparti- tion of kinetic and magnetic energy in the small scales) and the dynamo effect (growth of large-scale magnetic field when the flow contains helicity). [...] The EDQNM closure indicates that, in the nonlinear regime, the motor of this instability is proportional to the relative helicity contained in the small scales. [...] The result could be of some interest in the problem of the building of breeder reactors.73 As their size is increased, the magnetic Reynolds number in the liquid sodium coolant could cross the critical value leading to the appearance of measurable magnetic fields. [...] The problem of small- scale structure of turbulence is linked to the possible loss of regularity of the inviscid 3D Navier-Stokes equation (and probably also of the MHD equations) at a finite time. [...] A promising tool in the study of the large-scale properties of turbu- lence seems to be the renormalization group technique (RG) developed in critical phenomena.100101 Forster, Nelson, and Stephen12 were the first to introduce the RG to study the infrared (k ~* 0) properties of randomly forced, homogeneous, isotropic, and incompressible Navier-Stokes turbulence.102 In the renormalization group tec.
