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Exploitation In College Sports
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Book Synopsis Unsportsmanlike Conduct by : Walter Byers
Download or read book Unsportsmanlike Conduct written by Walter Byers and published by University of Michigan Press. This book was released on 1997-08-27 with total page 420 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: DIVA challenge to the present system of college athletics /div
Download or read book The New Plantation written by B. Hawkins and published by Springer. This book was released on 2010-02-15 with total page 238 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The New Plantation examines the controversial relationship between predominantly White NCAA Division I Institutions (PWI s) and black athletes, utilizing an internal colonial model. It provides a much-needed in-depth analysis to fully comprehend the magnitude of the forces at work that impact black athletes experiences at PWI s. Hawkins provides a conceptual framework for understanding the structural arrangements of PWI s and how they present challenges to Black athletes academic success; yet, challenges some have overcome and gone on to successful careers, while many have succumbed to these prevailing structural arrangements and have not benefited accordingly. The work is a call for academic reform, collective accountability from the communities that bear the burden of nurturing this athletic talent and the institutions that benefit from it, and collective consciousness to the Black male athletes that make of the largest percentage of athletes who generate the most revenue for the NCAA and its member institutions. Its hope is to promote a balanced exchange in the athletic services rendered and the educational services received.
Book Synopsis Unsportsmanlike Conduct by : Walter Byers
Download or read book Unsportsmanlike Conduct written by Walter Byers and published by University of Michigan Press. This book was released on 2014-08-08 with total page 423 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Walter Byers, who served as NCAA executive director from 1951 to 1987, was charged with the dual mission of keeping intercollegiate sports clean while generating millions of dollars each year as income for the colleges. Here Byers exposes, as only he can, the history and present-day state of college athletics: monetary gifts, questionable academic standards, advertising endorsements, legal battles, and the political manipulation of college presidents. Byers believes that modern-day college sports are no longer a student activity: they are a high-dollar commercial enter-prise, and college athletes should have the same access to the free market as their coaches and colleges. He favors no one as he cites individual cases of corruption in NCAA history. From Byers' first enforcement case, against the University of Kentucky in 1952, to the NCAA's 1987 "death penalty" levied against Southern Methodist University of Dallas, he shows the change in the athletic environment from simple rules and personally responsible officials to convoluted, cyclopedic regulations with high-priced legal firms defending college violators against a limited NCAA enforcement system. This book is a must for anyone involved in college sports--athletes, coaches, fans, college faculty, and administrators. As NCAA executive director, Byers started the an enforcement program, pioneered a national academic rule for athletes, and signed more than fifty television contracts with ABC, CBS, NBC, ESPN, and Turner Broadcasting. He oversaw the growth of the NCAA basketball tournament to one that, in 1988, grossed $68.2 million. As the one person who has been inside college athletics for forty years, Walter Byers is uniquely qualified to tell the story of the NCAA and today's exploitation of college athletes. "There has been no other executive in the history of professional, college, or amateur sports who has had such an impact in his area." --Keith Jackson, ABC Sports "Walter Byers has done more to shape intercollegiate athletics that any single person in history. He brought a combination of leadership, insight, and integrity to intercollegiate athletics that we will never again see equaled." --Bob Knight, Head Basketball Coach, Indiana University
Download or read book Indentured written by Joe Nocera and published by Penguin. This book was released on 2018-02-27 with total page 402 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: “How can the NCAA blithely wreck careers without regard to due process or common fairness? How can it act so ruthlessly to enforce rules that are so petty? Why won’t anybody stand up to these outrageous violations of American values and American justice?” In the four years since Joe Nocera asked those questions in a controversial New York Times column, the National Collegiate Athletic Association has come under fire. Fans have begun to realize that the athletes involved in the two biggest college sports, men’s basketball and football, are little more than indentured servants. Millions of teenagers accept scholarships to chase their dreams of fame and fortune—at the price of absolute submission to the whims of an organization that puts their interests dead last. For about 5 percent of top-division players, college ends with a golden ticket to the NFL or the NBA. But what about the overwhelming majority who never turn pro? They don’t earn a dime from the estimated $13 billion generated annually by college sports—an ocean of cash that enriches schools, conferences, coaches, TV networks, and apparel companies . . . everyone except those who give their blood and sweat to entertain the fans. Indentured tells the dramatic story of a loose-knit group of rebels who decided to fight the hypocrisy of the NCAA, which blathers endlessly about the purity of its “student-athletes” while exploiting many of them: The ones who get injured and drop out because their scholarships have been revoked. The ones who will neither graduate nor go pro. The ones who live in terror of accidentally violating some obscure rule in the four-hundred-page NCAA rulebook. Joe Nocera and Ben Strauss take us into the inner circle of the NCAA’s fiercest enemies. You’ll meet, among others . . . ·Sonny Vaccaro, the charismatic sports marketer who convinced Nike to sign Michael Jordan. Disgusted by how the NCAA treated athletes, Vaccaro used his intimate knowledge of its secrets to blow the whistle in a major legal case. ·Ed O’Bannon, the former UCLA basketball star who realized, years after leaving college, that the NCAA was profiting from a video game using his image. His lawsuit led to an unprecedented antitrust ruling. ·Ramogi Huma, the founder of the National College Players Association, who dared to think that college players should have the same collective bargaining rights as other Americans. ·Andy Schwarz, the controversial economist who looked behind the façade of the NCAA and saw it for what it is: a cartel that violates our core values of free enterprise. Indentured reveals how these and other renegades, working sometimes in concert and sometimes alone, are fighting for justice in the bare-knuckles world of college sports.
Book Synopsis College Athletes for Hire by : Allen L. Sack
Download or read book College Athletes for Hire written by Allen L. Sack and published by Bloomsbury Publishing USA. This book was released on 1998-07-17 with total page 206 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Many books have been written on the evils of commercialism in college sport, and the hypocrisy of payments to athletes from alumni and other sources outside the university. Almost no attention, however, has been given to the way that the National Collegiate Athletic Association has embraced professionalism through its athletic scholarship policy. Because of this gap in the historical record, the NCAA is often cast as an embattled defender of amateurism, rather than as the architect of a nationwide money-laundering scheme. Sack and Staurowsky show that the NCAA formally abandoned amateurism in the 1950s and passed rules in subsequent years that literally transformed scholarship athletes into university employees. In addition, by purposefully fashioning an amateur mythology to mask the reality of this employer-employee relationship, the NCAA has done a disservice to student-athletes and to higher education. A major subtheme is that women, such as those who created the Association for Intercollegiate Athletics for Women (AIAW), opposed this hypocrisy, but lacked the power to sustain an alternative model. After tracing the evolution of college athletes into professional entertainers, and the harmful effects it has caused, the authors propose an alternative approach that places college sport on a firm educational foundation and defend the rights of both male and female college athletes. This is a provocative analysis for anyone interested in college sports in America and its subversion of traditional educational and amateur principles.
Download or read book Black Market written by Merl Code and published by Harlequin. This book was released on 2022-03-01 with total page 272 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: From a former college basketball player and Executive at Nike, a "riveting" (Sports Illustrated) insider's account into the business of college basketball exposes the corrupt and racist systems that exploit young athletes and offers a new way forward For Merl Code, basketball was life. In college he played point guard for Clemson before turning pro. Later, when he pivoted to marketing, he found himself thrust into a startling world of profit-driven college basketball programs. He realized that the NCAA's amateurism rules could be used to exploit young athletes, and athletes of color in particular. Now, for the first time, Code will share his side of the explosive story of college basketball's dark reality—a system that begins with young talent in AAU programs and culminates at the highest levels of the NBA. Propulsive, urgent, and eye-opening, Black Market exposes the truth to offer a more just way forward for both colleges and athletes.
Book Synopsis Economics of College Sports by : John L. Fizel
Download or read book Economics of College Sports written by John L. Fizel and published by Bloomsbury Publishing USA. This book was released on 2004-03-30 with total page 269 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Operating behind a veil of amateurism, the NCAA and collegiate athletic departments oversee big business sports programs. These entities generate revenues comparable to professional sports, practice and play in facilities that rival those found in professional sports, and pay their top coaches salaries comparable to the salaries paid to coaches of professional sports teams. Athletes are courted with lavish stadiums, training facilities, and locker rooms. Customers are wooed with branded apparel, videos, logos, and advertisements. Business interests are captured with stadium billboards, electronic ads on scoreboards, sponsorship of bowl games, logos on uniforms, and exclusive apparel and equipment contracts. Where do, or should, these lucrative athletic ventures fit in the mission of higher education? To what extent is the central mission of creating an environment for learning and extending the frontiers of knowledge enhanced or limited by college sports? Are declarations by the NCAA to promote amateurism and competitive balance supportive of the university mission? Does the NCAA even follow its purported objectives? The Economics of College Sports contains both empirical and theoretical research to address these and related issues. Perhaps the most unique contributions focus on the interactions between legal and institutional aspects of the NCAA and their impact on the objectives and goals of university education; all of the contributions provide insights that will generate significant discussion about the policies necessary to sustain the vitality and integrity of the university education-sports coalition.
Book Synopsis How College Athletics Are Hurting Girls' Sports by : Rick Eckstein
Download or read book How College Athletics Are Hurting Girls' Sports written by Rick Eckstein and published by Rowman & Littlefield. This book was released on 2023-02-08 with total page 257 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Featuring a new preface by the author, this book looks closely at college sports and how they shape the athletic and personal landscape for girls and young women. Filled with interviews from female athletes of all ages, this book chronicles how college and youth sports have become more corporate, to the detriment of participants.
Book Synopsis Exploring the Potential Exploitation of Student-athletes in College Sports by : Daisy Arroyo
Download or read book Exploring the Potential Exploitation of Student-athletes in College Sports written by Daisy Arroyo and published by . This book was released on 2019 with total page 79 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This study explores the experiences of student-athletes with exploitation in college sports. This study also explores the support that student-athletes are currently benefiting from and the additional support that they believe they require. In-depth interviews were conducted with eleven current and former student-athletes who played or are currently playing in Division I or Division II NCAA participating institutions. The findings show that there is a hesitancy for student-athletes to identify their experiences as exploitation. Feelings of exploitation are connected to the relationships of the student-athletes and their coaches. More specifically, feelings of exploitation are found when student-athletes are pressured to perform through injuries, when they receive negative treatment from coaches who have unrealistic expectations, when they have difficulties managing time with school and their sports, and when they struggle with their student-athlete identity with their athleticism being prioritized over their education. The findings also reveal that the support that student-athletes are currently benefiting from emerge from having a supportive athletic department and from the institutions that offer academic counselors, free tutoring, and priority registration. Moreover, the findings also demonstrate the additional support that student-athletes require is related to injury insurance, athletic department support, emotional support, student body support, and priority registration. Additionally, the findings indicate a need for a closer examination of the well-being of student-athletes and the roles of the institutions and the NCAA related to the well-being of student-athletes.
Book Synopsis The NCAA and the Exploitation of College Profit-Athletes by : Richard M. Southall
Download or read book The NCAA and the Exploitation of College Profit-Athletes written by Richard M. Southall and published by Univ of South Carolina Press. This book was released on 2023-05-04 with total page 356 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: A well-constructed and reasoned debunking of the mythology of amateurism in for-profit NCAA athletics For the last 60-plus-years, as the revenue-generating capacity of Power Five football and men's basketball has dramatically increased, NCAA Division I Power Five football and men's basketball players (college profit-athletes) have been economically exploited, their labor has been severely restricted. To mask this inequity, the NCAA and its members created, disseminated, and embedded a fictitious "collegiate model of athletics" established and repeatedly modified for the benefit of member schools, designed to ensure profit-athletes were denied employment status and just compensation for their athletic labor. The NCAA and the Exploitation of College Profit-Athletes: An Amateurism That Never Was provides a comprehensive historical, sociological, legal, financial, and managerial argument for the reclassification of profit-athletes as employees. Such a reclassification would permit profit-athletes to gain not only fair financial compensation but also equal access to educational benefits that have been promised but systematically denied. The authors trace how Power Five college sports have morphed into a hyper professionalized and commercialized sport–business enterprise. They provide evidence that at least since 1956 the NCAA's amateurism has been a collusive, exploitative, and racialized "pay for play" scheme that disproportionately affects Black profit-athletes. The authors cut through the institutional doublespeak of approved benefits, cost-of-attendance stipends, or name, image, likeness (NIL) collectives to lay bare the immorality of Power Five college sports. The NCAA and the Exploitation of College Profit-Athletes makes the case that profit-athletes (and their representatives) must have the right to unionize and freely negotiate a collective bargaining agreement with management (e.g., NCAA, Power Five conferences and athletic departments). In addition, this book offers a forward-thinking structure in which individual labor contracts, or a potential collective bargaining agreement, address profit-athlete compensation and working conditions.
Book Synopsis Exploitation in College Sports by : Bill Doane
Download or read book Exploitation in College Sports written by Bill Doane and published by . This book was released on 2019 with total page 100 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Over the last decade, there has been widespread support for allowing college athletes to receive compensation beyond the value of their scholarships. Former star players and members of the media have drawn attention to the injustice inherent to a system that enriches universities and high-ranking individuals with multi-million dollar contracts without providing fair compensation to the entertainers on the field or court. Some critics have dramatically referred to college athletes as "gladiators," but the fact remains that many student-athletes who are featured on ESPN, ABC, or Fox every Saturday, struggle to fill up their cars with gasoline when it's time to go home for the holidays (Meggyesy, 2000). On this point, the NCAA has acquiesced to a small degree by instituting a "cost of attendance" stipend intended to cover expenses not included in tuition, room and board, and books; typically this stipend amounts to approximately $800 per month during the school year, depending on the college or university. Even after the cost of attendance stipend is included, the exchange remains unbalanced because the NCAA employs an essentially cost-free--and disproportionately Black--labor force and offers the "mere pittance" of a scholarship in return (Meggyesy, 2000). While the value of free tuition should not be minimized, student-athletes often receive an inferior college education. Calls to "fairly compensate" athletes have been heard in the Supreme Court and in the chambers of Congress, with Sen. Christopher S. Murphy (D-CT) recently releasing a report criticizing the $14-billion-a-year intercollegiate athletics industry "for spending more on coach salaries than player scholarships," arguing that the current system "enriches broadcasters, apparel companies, and athletic departments at the expense of athletes" (Hruby, 2019). All of these criticisms and calls to action from former players, ex-administrators, columnists, and members of the general public are well-founded. The status quo is situated precariously within the legislative framework of the NCAA and amateur athletics. While there was a time when the NCAA was right to protect its athletes from malicious corporate interests, that was also a time when the NCAA earned only modest revenues and college sports was yet to become "big business." In light of the ballooning of the sports entertainment industry in the last quarter-century, the NCAA should compensate athletes in proportion to the revenues they create for their respective institutions, holding the full amount in trust until the athletes have exhausted their collegiate eligibility
Download or read book Indentured written by Joe Nocera and published by Penguin. This book was released on 2016-02-16 with total page 535 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: “How can the NCAA blithely wreck careers without regard to due process or common fairness? How can it act so ruthlessly to enforce rules that are so petty? Why won’t anybody stand up to these outrageous violations of American values and American justice?” In the four years since Joe Nocera asked those questions in a controversial New York Times column, the National Collegiate Athletic Association has come under fire. Fans have begun to realize that the athletes involved in the two biggest college sports, men’s basketball and football, are little more than indentured servants. Millions of teenagers accept scholarships to chase their dreams of fame and fortune—at the price of absolute submission to the whims of an organization that puts their interests dead last. For about 5 percent of top-division players, college ends with a golden ticket to the NFL or the NBA. But what about the overwhelming majority who never turn pro? They don’t earn a dime from the estimated $13 billion generated annually by college sports—an ocean of cash that enriches schools, conferences, coaches, TV networks, and apparel companies . . . everyone except those who give their blood and sweat to entertain the fans. Indentured tells the dramatic story of a loose-knit group of rebels who decided to fight the hypocrisy of the NCAA, which blathers endlessly about the purity of its “student-athletes” while exploiting many of them: The ones who get injured and drop out because their scholarships have been revoked. The ones who will neither graduate nor go pro. The ones who live in terror of accidentally violating some obscure rule in the four-hundred-page NCAA rulebook. Joe Nocera and Ben Strauss take us into the inner circle of the NCAA’s fiercest enemies. You’ll meet, among others . . . ·Sonny Vaccaro, the charismatic sports marketer who convinced Nike to sign Michael Jordan. Disgusted by how the NCAA treated athletes, Vaccaro used his intimate knowledge of its secrets to blow the whistle in a major legal case. ·Ed O’Bannon, the former UCLA basketball star who realized, years after leaving college, that the NCAA was profiting from a video game using his image. His lawsuit led to an unprecedented antitrust ruling. ·Ramogi Huma, the founder of the National College Players Association, who dared to think that college players should have the same collective bargaining rights as other Americans. ·Andy Schwarz, the controversial economist who looked behind the façade of the NCAA and saw it for what it is: a cartel that violates our core values of free enterprise. Indentured reveals how these and other renegades, working sometimes in concert and sometimes alone, are fighting for justice in the bare-knuckles world of college sports.
Book Synopsis The Miseducation of the Student Athlete by : Kenneth L. Shropshire
Download or read book The Miseducation of the Student Athlete written by Kenneth L. Shropshire and published by University of Pennsylvania Press. This book was released on 2017-07-11 with total page 120 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: In The Miseducation of the Student Athlete: How to Fix College Sports, Kenneth L. Shropshire and Collin D. Williams, Jr., introduce The Student-Athlete Manifesto, a roadmap to increase the likelihood that student-athletes can succeed both on and off the field. They also offer a Meaningful Degree Model, which ensures education pays for everyone.
Download or read book Spoilsports written by Celia Brackenridge and published by Routledge. This book was released on 2002-08-26 with total page 303 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Sexual exploitation in sport is a problem that has beset both male and female athletes privately for decades but which has only recently emerged as a public issue. Spoilsports is the first comprehensive review of this issue, integrating pioneering academic research, theoretical perspectives, and practical guidelines for performers, coaches, administrators and policy-makers. Key topics include: * 'moral panic' * children's rights * masculinity and power * making and implementing policy * leadership in sport. Spoilsports draws extensively on the personal experiences of athletes and those involved in sport. Challenging and controversial, this book represents an important step towards tackling a difficult issue. It is essential reading for coaches, athletes, parents, policy-makers and all those with a personal or professional interest in sport.
Download or read book Discredited written by Andy Thomason and published by University of Michigan Press. This book was released on 2021-08-20 with total page 205 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The Carolina Way and the myth of amateurism
Download or read book NCAA Slave written by Terry Bates and published by CreateSpace. This book was released on 2015-08-20 with total page 48 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This book was compiled for high school and college athletes, anyone interested in learning the business of collegiate sports, as well as their parents or guardian. NCAA Slave gives a concise description of the business side to college sports. Important court cases and documents are analyzed to give accurate details regarding compensation, labor laws, and the choice for the athlete to choose their course major. This book should be studied before signing any national letter of intent or athletic scholarship. This could be the difference between paying for ones tuition, room, and board versus having all expenses paid from the college for room and board, jersey sales, ticket sales, and distribution of their name and likeness. The athlete needs to know this is a business and they are not amateurs as many coaches will lead them to believe.
Book Synopsis Power Play: Empowerment of the African American Student-Athlete by : Enzley Mitchell IV Ph.D.
Download or read book Power Play: Empowerment of the African American Student-Athlete written by Enzley Mitchell IV Ph.D. and published by Xlibris Corporation. This book was released on 2018-09-27 with total page 80 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This book proposes two reforms to the present commercialization of NCAA Division I football and basketball and the exploitation of African American student-athletes. In this book, the author —presents detailed data about revenue generation in college sports, —presents compelling reasons on why student-athletes in the revenue sports of Division I football and basketball are exploited and why it happens most often to African American students, —provides a real funding model for fair revenue distribution and compensation for Division I student-athletes in revenue sports, —proposes real alternatives for elite student-athletes in all sports to achieve their professional goals and earn a degree without contributing to commercialization of college sports and exploitation of student-athletes, —explains how some African American students are complicit in their own exploitation and how to stop this practice, and —recommends ways that all student athletes can use their collective power and voice to implement changes.
