Explaining Species Diversity By Linking Local And Large Scale Processes

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Perspectives on Biodiversity

Author : National Research Council
Publisher : National Academies Press
ISBN 13 : 030906581X
Total Pages : 166 pages
Book Rating : 4.3/5 (9 download)

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Book Synopsis Perspectives on Biodiversity by : National Research Council

Download or read book Perspectives on Biodiversity written by National Research Council and published by National Academies Press. This book was released on 1999-10-01 with total page 166 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Resource-management decisions, especially in the area of protecting and maintaining biodiversity, are usually incremental, limited in time by the ability to forecast conditions and human needs, and the result of tradeoffs between conservation and other management goals. The individual decisions may not have a major effect but can have a cumulative major effect. Perspectives on Biodiversity reviews current understanding of the value of biodiversity and the methods that are useful in assessing that value in particular circumstances. It recommends and details a list of components-including diversity of species, genetic variability within and among species, distribution of species across the ecosystem, the aesthetic satisfaction derived from diversity, and the duty to preserve and protect biodiversity. The book also recommends that more information about the role of biodiversity in sustaining natural resources be gathered and summarized in ways useful to managers. Acknowledging that decisions about biodiversity are necessarily qualitative and change over time because of the nonmarket nature of so many of the values, the committee recommends periodic reviews of management decisions.

Understanding Marine Biodiversity

Author : National Research Council
Publisher : National Academies Press
ISBN 13 : 0309052254
Total Pages : 129 pages
Book Rating : 4.3/5 (9 download)

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Book Synopsis Understanding Marine Biodiversity by : National Research Council

Download or read book Understanding Marine Biodiversity written by National Research Council and published by National Academies Press. This book was released on 1995-02-24 with total page 129 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The diversity of marine life is being affected dramatically by fishery operations, chemical pollution and eutrophication, alteration of physical habitat, exotic species invasion, and effects of other human activities. Effective solutions will require an expanded understanding of the patterns and processes that control the diversity of life in the sea. Understanding Marine Biodiversity outlines the current state of our knowledge, and propose research agenda on marine biological diversity. This agenda represents a fundamental change in studying the oceanâ€"emphasizing regional research across a range of space and time scales, enhancing the interface between taxonomy and ecology, and linking oceanographic and ecological approaches. Highlighted with examples and brief case studies, this volume illustrates the depth and breadth of undescribed marine biodiversity, explores critical environmental issues, advocates the use of regionally defined model systems, and identifies a series of key biodiversity research questions. The authors examine the utility of various research approachesâ€"theory and modeling, retrospective analysis, integration of biotic and oceanographic surveysâ€"and review recent advances in molecular genetics, instrumentation, and sampling techniques applicable to the research agenda. Throughout the book the critical role of taxonomy is emphasized. Informative to the scientist and accessible to the policymaker, Understanding Marine Biodiversity will be of specific interest to marine biologists, ecologists, oceanographers, and research administrators, and to government agencies responsible for utilizing, managing, and protecting the oceans.

Biodiversity, Ecosystem Functioning, and Human Wellbeing

Author : Shahid Naeem
Publisher : OUP Oxford
ISBN 13 : 0191563323
Total Pages : 388 pages
Book Rating : 4.1/5 (915 download)

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Book Synopsis Biodiversity, Ecosystem Functioning, and Human Wellbeing by : Shahid Naeem

Download or read book Biodiversity, Ecosystem Functioning, and Human Wellbeing written by Shahid Naeem and published by OUP Oxford. This book was released on 2009-07-30 with total page 388 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: How will biodiversity loss affect ecosystem functioning, ecosystem services, and human well-being? In an age of accelerating biodiversity loss, this timely and critical volume summarizes recent advances in biodiversity-ecosystem functioning research and explores the economics of biodiversity and ecosystem services. The book starts by summarizing the development of the basic science and provides a meta-analysis that quantitatively tests several biodiversity and ecosystem functioning hypotheses. It then describes the natural science foundations of biodiversity and ecosystem functioning research including: quantifying functional diversity, the development of the field into a predictive science, the effects of stability and complexity, methods to quantify mechanisms by which diversity affects functioning, the importance of trophic structure, microbial ecology, and spatial dynamics. Finally, the book takes research on biodiversity and ecosystem functioning further than it has ever gone into the human dimension, describing the most pressing environmental challenges that face humanity and the effects of diversity on: climate change mitigation, restoration of degraded habitats, managed ecosystems, pollination, disease, and biological invasions. However, what makes this volume truly unique are the chapters that consider the economic perspective. These include a synthesis of the economics of ecosystem services and biodiversity, and the options open to policy-makers to address the failure of markets to account for the loss of ecosystem services; an examination of the challenges of valuing ecosystem services and, hence, to understanding the human consequences of decisions that neglect these services; and an examination of the ways in which economists are currently incorporating biodiversity and ecosystem functioning research into decision models for the conservation and management of biodiversity. A final section describes new advances in ecoinformatics that will help transform this field into a globally predictive science, and summarizes the advancements and future directions of the field. The ultimate conclusion is that biodiversity is an essential element of any strategy for sustainable development.

Plant Diversity and Complexity Patterns

Author : Ib Friis
Publisher : Kgl. Danske Videnskabernes Selskab
ISBN 13 : 9788773043042
Total Pages : 622 pages
Book Rating : 4.0/5 (43 download)

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Book Synopsis Plant Diversity and Complexity Patterns by : Ib Friis

Download or read book Plant Diversity and Complexity Patterns written by Ib Friis and published by Kgl. Danske Videnskabernes Selskab. This book was released on 2005 with total page 622 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:

Thrive in Ecology and Evolution

Author : Alan Beeby
Publisher : Oxford University Press
ISBN 13 : 0199644055
Total Pages : 231 pages
Book Rating : 4.1/5 (996 download)

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Book Synopsis Thrive in Ecology and Evolution by : Alan Beeby

Download or read book Thrive in Ecology and Evolution written by Alan Beeby and published by Oxford University Press. This book was released on 2013-02-14 with total page 231 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The Thrive in Bioscience revision guides are written to help undergraduate students achieve exam success in all core areas of bioscience. They communicate all the key concepts in a succinct, easy-to-digest way, using features and tools - both in the book and in digital form - to make learning even more effective.

The Princeton Guide to Ecology

Author : Simon A. Levin
Publisher : Princeton University Press
ISBN 13 : 0691156042
Total Pages : 826 pages
Book Rating : 4.6/5 (911 download)

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Book Synopsis The Princeton Guide to Ecology by : Simon A. Levin

Download or read book The Princeton Guide to Ecology written by Simon A. Levin and published by Princeton University Press. This book was released on 2012-09-30 with total page 826 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The Princeton Guide to Ecology is a concise, authoritative one-volume reference to the field's major subjects and key concepts. Edited by eminent ecologist Simon Levin, with contributions from an international team of leading ecologists, the book contains more than ninety clear, accurate, and up-to-date articles on the most important topics within seven major areas: autecology, population ecology, communities and ecosystems, landscapes and the biosphere, conservation biology, ecosystem services, and biosphere management. Complete with more than 200 illustrations (including sixteen pages in color), a glossary of key terms, a chronology of milestones in the field, suggestions for further reading on each topic, and an index, this is an essential volume for undergraduate and graduate students, research ecologists, scientists in related fields, policymakers, and anyone else with a serious interest in ecology. Explains key topics in one concise and authoritative volume Features more than ninety articles written by an international team of leading ecologists Contains more than 200 illustrations, including sixteen pages in color Includes glossary, chronology, suggestions for further reading, and index Covers autecology, population ecology, communities and ecosystems, landscapes and the biosphere, conservation biology, ecosystem services, and biosphere management

Linking Species & Ecosystems

Author : Clive G. Jones
Publisher : Springer Science & Business Media
ISBN 13 : 1461517737
Total Pages : 403 pages
Book Rating : 4.4/5 (615 download)

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Book Synopsis Linking Species & Ecosystems by : Clive G. Jones

Download or read book Linking Species & Ecosystems written by Clive G. Jones and published by Springer Science & Business Media. This book was released on 2012-12-06 with total page 403 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: I was asked to introduce this volume by examining "why a knowledge of ecosys tem functioning can contribute to understanding species activities, dynamics, and assemblages." I have found it surprisingly difficult to address this topic. On the one hand, the answer is very simple and general: because all species live in ecosystems, they are part of and dependent on ecosystem processes. It is impossible to understand the abundance and distribution of populations and the species diversity and composition of communities without a knowledge of their abiotic and biotic environments and of the fluxes of energy and mat ter through the ecosystems of which they are a part. But everyone knows this. It is what ecology is all about (e.g., Likens, 1992). It is why the discipline has retained its integrity and thrived, despite a sometimes distressing degree of bickering and chauvinism among its various subdisciplines: physiological, be havioral, population, community, and ecosystem ecology.

Metacommunities

Author : Marcel Holyoak
Publisher : University of Chicago Press
ISBN 13 : 0226350649
Total Pages : 527 pages
Book Rating : 4.2/5 (263 download)

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Book Synopsis Metacommunities by : Marcel Holyoak

Download or read book Metacommunities written by Marcel Holyoak and published by University of Chicago Press. This book was released on 2005-10 with total page 527 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Takes the hallmarks of metapopulation theory to the next level by considering a group of communities, each of which may contain numerous populations, connected by species interactions within communities and the movement of individuals between communities. This book seeks to understand how communities work in fragmented landscapes.

The Ecology and Management of Aquatic-terrestrial Ecotones

Author : Robert J. Naiman
Publisher : Bernan Press(PA)
ISBN 13 : 9789231026683
Total Pages : 336 pages
Book Rating : 4.0/5 (266 download)

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Book Synopsis The Ecology and Management of Aquatic-terrestrial Ecotones by : Robert J. Naiman

Download or read book The Ecology and Management of Aquatic-terrestrial Ecotones written by Robert J. Naiman and published by Bernan Press(PA). This book was released on 1990 with total page 336 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:

Plant Diversity Patterns and Drivers

Author : Qing Zhang
Publisher : Frontiers Media SA
ISBN 13 : 2832553923
Total Pages : 426 pages
Book Rating : 4.8/5 (325 download)

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Book Synopsis Plant Diversity Patterns and Drivers by : Qing Zhang

Download or read book Plant Diversity Patterns and Drivers written by Qing Zhang and published by Frontiers Media SA. This book was released on 2024-09-20 with total page 426 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Biodiversity can provide a series of important ecosystem functions and ecosystem services, which meet the needs of human beings. Plants are the biological group with the highest carbon content on earth, their diversity has attracted increased attention. The interpretation of plant diversity patterns and drivers is crucial for the conservation and utilization of plant resources and is also one of the hot topics in plant science and ecology. There are already many studies on the patterns and drivers of plant diversity, including different diversity dimensions (e.g., taxonomic, phylogenetic, and functional diversity) and spatial scales (different plots/sites, watershed, country, continent, and globe). The mechanisms underlying plant diversity patterns are also quite complex. For example, many hypotheses are related to contemporary climate and soil conditions, with temperature, precipitation, and soil nutrient being the most discussed drivers. In addition, paleoclimate and geological events may also have a strong legacy on current plant diversity patterns. Except for these natural factors, many anthropogenic activities, including agriculture, deforestation, grazing, urbanization, and coal mining, are also important drivers of plant diversity. These anthropogenic activities can affect plant diversity patterns not only directly, but also indirectly through their effects on habitat loss and habitat fragmentation. Therefore, the current plant diversity patterns are the result of many interacting factors and need to be interpreted from a more comprehensive perspective. This Research Topic will therefore provide a platform for sufficient communication, aiming to integrate the research from different fields and deepen the understanding of the patterns and drivers of plant diversity. We encourage the submission of theoretical and experimental studies on different plant groups, such as seed plants, ferns, mosses, and algae. Studies based on new methods and technology (such as genomics and drones) are also welcomed. We welcome the following specific topics: • Effects of historical factors (such as paleoclimate, geological events) on plant diversity; • Plant diversity that driven by contemporary climate and anthropogenic activities; • The effect of habitat loss and fragmentation on plant diversity; • New methods of research on the patterns and drivers of plant diversity.

Biodiversity and Conservation of the Yucatán Peninsula

Author : Gerald Alexander Islebe
Publisher : Springer
ISBN 13 : 3319065297
Total Pages : 403 pages
Book Rating : 4.3/5 (19 download)

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Book Synopsis Biodiversity and Conservation of the Yucatán Peninsula by : Gerald Alexander Islebe

Download or read book Biodiversity and Conservation of the Yucatán Peninsula written by Gerald Alexander Islebe and published by Springer. This book was released on 2015-11-17 with total page 403 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This book provides information relevant for the conservation of biodiversity and the sound management of the coastal and forest ecosystems of the Yucatan Peninsula in the face of global change. Various aspects of the biodiversity of the Yucatan Peninsula are analyzed in an integrative manner, including phenological, ecophysiological, ecological and conservation aspects of plants and animals and their relationships with humans in coastal and forest ecosystems.

Ant Ecology

Author : Lori Lach
Publisher : Oxford University Press
ISBN 13 : 0199544638
Total Pages : 429 pages
Book Rating : 4.1/5 (995 download)

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Book Synopsis Ant Ecology by : Lori Lach

Download or read book Ant Ecology written by Lori Lach and published by Oxford University Press. This book was released on 2010 with total page 429 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The incredible global diversity of ants, and their important ecological roles, mean that we cannot ignore the significance of ants in ecological systems. Ant Ecology takes the reader on a journey of discovery from the beginnings of ants many hundreds of thousands of years ago, through to the makings of present day distributions.

Understanding ocean ridges, a new frontier for science and development

Author : Philip Weaver
Publisher : Frontiers Media SA
ISBN 13 : 2832527396
Total Pages : 318 pages
Book Rating : 4.8/5 (325 download)

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Book Synopsis Understanding ocean ridges, a new frontier for science and development by : Philip Weaver

Download or read book Understanding ocean ridges, a new frontier for science and development written by Philip Weaver and published by Frontiers Media SA. This book was released on 2023-06-30 with total page 318 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:

Bridges Between Tradition and Innovation in Ethnomedicine

Author : Maria Costanza Torri
Publisher : Springer Science & Business Media
ISBN 13 : 9400711131
Total Pages : 234 pages
Book Rating : 4.4/5 (7 download)

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Book Synopsis Bridges Between Tradition and Innovation in Ethnomedicine by : Maria Costanza Torri

Download or read book Bridges Between Tradition and Innovation in Ethnomedicine written by Maria Costanza Torri and published by Springer Science & Business Media. This book was released on 2011-08-03 with total page 234 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Community-based enterprises are the result of a process in which the community acts entrepreneurially to create and operate a new enterprise embedded in its existing social structure and network. This book argues that community-based enterprise could represent a strategy for fostering sustainable local development while at the same time maintaining traditional knowledge in ethnomedicine and conserving the local ecosystems.

A Theory of Global Biodiversity

Author : Boris Worm
Publisher : Princeton University Press
ISBN 13 : 1400890233
Total Pages : 230 pages
Book Rating : 4.4/5 (8 download)

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Book Synopsis A Theory of Global Biodiversity by : Boris Worm

Download or read book A Theory of Global Biodiversity written by Boris Worm and published by Princeton University Press. This book was released on 2018-06-12 with total page 230 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The number of species found at a given point on the planet varies by orders of magnitude, yet large-scale gradients in biodiversity appear to follow some very general patterns. Little mechanistic theory has been formulated to explain the emergence of observed gradients of biodiversity both on land and in the oceans. Based on a comprehensive empirical synthesis of global patterns of species diversity and their drivers, A Theory of Global Biodiversity develops and applies a new theory that can predict such patterns from few underlying processes. The authors show that global patterns of biodiversity fall into four consistent categories, according to where species live: on land or in coastal, pelagic, and deep ocean habitats. The fact that most species groups, from bacteria to whales, appear to follow similar biogeographic patterns of richness within these habitats points toward some underlying structuring principles. Based on empirical analyses of environmental correlates across these habitats, the authors combine aspects of neutral, metabolic, and niche theory into one unifying framework. Applying it to model terrestrial and marine realms, the authors demonstrate that a relatively simple theory that incorporates temperature and community size as driving variables is able to explain divergent patterns of species richness at a global scale. Integrating ecological and evolutionary perspectives, A Theory of Global Biodiversity yields surprising insights into the fundamental mechanisms that shape the distribution of life on our planet.

Urban Bird Ecology and Conservation

Author : Christopher A. Lepczyk
Publisher : Univ of California Press
ISBN 13 : 0520273095
Total Pages : 340 pages
Book Rating : 4.5/5 (22 download)

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Book Synopsis Urban Bird Ecology and Conservation by : Christopher A. Lepczyk

Download or read book Urban Bird Ecology and Conservation written by Christopher A. Lepczyk and published by Univ of California Press. This book was released on 2012-10-26 with total page 340 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: "A publication of the Cooper Ornithological Society."

The Normalized Difference Vegetation Index

Author : Nathalie Pettorelli
Publisher : OUP Oxford
ISBN 13 : 0191512710
Total Pages : 205 pages
Book Rating : 4.1/5 (915 download)

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Book Synopsis The Normalized Difference Vegetation Index by : Nathalie Pettorelli

Download or read book The Normalized Difference Vegetation Index written by Nathalie Pettorelli and published by OUP Oxford. This book was released on 2013-10-10 with total page 205 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: There has been a recent surge of interest in remote sensing and its use in ecology and conservation but this is the first book to focus explicitly on the NDVI (Normalised Difference Vegetation Index), a simple numerical indicator and powerful tool that can be used to assess spatio-temporal changes in green vegetation. The NDVI opens the possibility of addressing questions on scales inaccessible to ground-based methods alone; it is mostly freely available with global coverage over several decades. This novel text provides an authoritative overview of the principles and possible applications of the NDVI in ecology, environmental and wildlife management, and conservation. NDVI data can provide valuable information about temporal and spatial changes in vegetation distribution, productivity, and dynamics; allowing monitoring of habitat degradation and fragmentation, or assessment of the ecological effects of climatic disasters such as drought or fire. The NDVI has also provided ecologists with a promising way to couple vegetation with animal distribution, abundance, movement, survival and reproductive parameters. Over the last few decades, numerous studies have highlighted the potential key role of satellite data and the NDVI in macroecology, plant ecology, animal population dynamics, environmental monitoring, habitat selection and habitat use studies, and paleoecology. The chapters are organised around two sections: the first detailing vegetation indices and the NDVI, the principles behind the NDVI, its correlation with climate, the available NDVI datasets, and the possible complications and errors associated with the use of this satellite-based vegetation index. The second section discusses the possible applications of the NDVI in ecology, environmental and wildlife management, and conservation.