Experts Versus Laymen

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Experts Versus Laymen

Author : Barney Glaser
Publisher : Routledge
ISBN 13 : 1351520989
Total Pages : 274 pages
Book Rating : 4.3/5 (515 download)

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Book Synopsis Experts Versus Laymen by : Barney Glaser

Download or read book Experts Versus Laymen written by Barney Glaser and published by Routledge. This book was released on 2017-12-02 with total page 274 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: "This book studies the relationship and balance of power between experts and laymen. It is rooted in the author's analysis of customer and contractor interactions in the housing industry, but relevant to other kinds of expert-layman relationships. Many of the conflicts between customer and contractor noted by the author also occur in lawyer-client, student-teacher, and doctor-patient relations.The author's research is structured around three core categories pertaining to experts' relations with laymen: choosing experts, power symmetry, and what he calls ""elsewhereism."" The first category has to do with seeking experts, finding them, referrals, and judging whether or not to use experts. Power symmetry concerns the inherent imbalance of power between an expert and a layman. ""Elsewhereism"" focuses on the constant competition that laymen face with unseen others in claiming the time and services of an expert.Experts versus Laymen broadens the analysis of expert-layman phenomena far beyond similar studies. It examines processes of bidding, gaining information, inspecting and evaluating work, winning trust, bargaining over costs, and determining who has situational control. This book discusses not only the contracting process in the housing industry, but far more important a world of power and domination in expert-laymen relationships."

Experts Versus Laymen

Author : Barney G. Glaser
Publisher :
ISBN 13 :
Total Pages : pages
Book Rating : 4.:/5 (82 download)

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Book Synopsis Experts Versus Laymen by : Barney G. Glaser

Download or read book Experts Versus Laymen written by Barney G. Glaser and published by . This book was released on 1976 with total page pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:

The Patsy and the Subcontractor

Author : Barney G. Glaser
Publisher :
ISBN 13 : 9780878552177
Total Pages : 172 pages
Book Rating : 4.5/5 (521 download)

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Book Synopsis The Patsy and the Subcontractor by : Barney G. Glaser

Download or read book The Patsy and the Subcontractor written by Barney G. Glaser and published by . This book was released on 1972 with total page 172 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:

The Death of Expertise

Author : Tom Nichols
Publisher : Oxford University Press
ISBN 13 : 0190469439
Total Pages : 240 pages
Book Rating : 4.1/5 (94 download)

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Book Synopsis The Death of Expertise by : Tom Nichols

Download or read book The Death of Expertise written by Tom Nichols and published by Oxford University Press. This book was released on 2017-02-01 with total page 240 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Technology and increasing levels of education have exposed people to more information than ever before. These societal gains, however, have also helped fuel a surge in narcissistic and misguided intellectual egalitarianism that has crippled informed debates on any number of issues. Today, everyone knows everything: with only a quick trip through WebMD or Wikipedia, average citizens believe themselves to be on an equal intellectual footing with doctors and diplomats. All voices, even the most ridiculous, demand to be taken with equal seriousness, and any claim to the contrary is dismissed as undemocratic elitism. Tom Nichols' The Death of Expertise shows how this rejection of experts has occurred: the openness of the internet, the emergence of a customer satisfaction model in higher education, and the transformation of the news industry into a 24-hour entertainment machine, among other reasons. Paradoxically, the increasingly democratic dissemination of information, rather than producing an educated public, has instead created an army of ill-informed and angry citizens who denounce intellectual achievement. When ordinary citizens believe that no one knows more than anyone else, democratic institutions themselves are in danger of falling either to populism or to technocracy or, in the worst case, a combination of both. An update to the 2017breakout hit, the paperback edition of The Death of Expertise provides a new foreword to cover the alarming exacerbation of these trends in the aftermath of Donald Trump's election. Judging from events on the ground since it first published, The Death of Expertise issues a warning about the stability and survival of modern democracy in the Information Age that is even more important today.

Experts and Consensus in Social Science

Author : Carlo Martini
Publisher : Springer
ISBN 13 : 3319085514
Total Pages : 305 pages
Book Rating : 4.3/5 (19 download)

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Book Synopsis Experts and Consensus in Social Science by : Carlo Martini

Download or read book Experts and Consensus in Social Science written by Carlo Martini and published by Springer. This book was released on 2014-09-11 with total page 305 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This book brings together the research of philosophers, sociologists, and social scientists. It examines those areas of scientific practice where reliance on the subjective judgment of experts and practitioners is the main source of useful knowledge to address and possibly, bring solutions to social problems. A common phenomenon in applications of science is that objective evidence does not point to a single answer or solution, to a problem. Reliance on subjective judgment, then, becomes necessary, despite the known fact that hunches, even those of putative experts, often provide information that is not very accurate, and that experts are prone to fallacies and biases. The book looks at how experts reach consensus in the social sciences, and which experts are relevant to which problems. It aims to answer many questions, the main one being: Can we start building a normative theory of expertise on the basis of the evidence that social scientists, sociologists and philosophers have uncovered?

Professionals Versus the Public

Author : Harvey J. Tucker
Publisher : Longman Publishing Group
ISBN 13 :
Total Pages : 272 pages
Book Rating : 4.F/5 ( download)

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Book Synopsis Professionals Versus the Public by : Harvey J. Tucker

Download or read book Professionals Versus the Public written by Harvey J. Tucker and published by Longman Publishing Group. This book was released on 1980 with total page 272 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:

Risk and Food Safety in China and Japan

Author : Louis Augustin-Jean
Publisher : Routledge
ISBN 13 : 1351714481
Total Pages : 222 pages
Book Rating : 4.3/5 (517 download)

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Book Synopsis Risk and Food Safety in China and Japan by : Louis Augustin-Jean

Download or read book Risk and Food Safety in China and Japan written by Louis Augustin-Jean and published by Routledge. This book was released on 2018-10-03 with total page 222 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Around the world, food has probably never been as safe as it is today. However, periodic crises have aroused consumer anxiety and contributed to a general lack of confidence in the agro-industrial system. The diverse nature of these crises increases governments’ and industry difficulties in predicting and tackling them. This book addresses the relations between risk and food theoretically and empirically through case studies from Japan and China. Part I of the book examines the interaction between theoretical aspects and decision-making. The book theorizes the links between food and risk and analyses the decision-making process in light of risks and governance. The relationship between food risks, governance systems and economic decisions is assessed to explore ideas such as the "pact of nutrition" and the theory of weak signals. Part II examines case studies from China and Japan in the aftermaths of recent crises such as the milk powder scandal in China and food safety following the Fukushima nuclear accident and tsunami in Japan. This book will be an important resource for scholars, academics and policy-makers in the fields of sociology, economics, food studies, Chinese studies and Japanese studies and theories of risks and safety.

Human Factors of a Global Society

Author : Tadeusz Marek
Publisher : CRC Press
ISBN 13 : 1466572876
Total Pages : 1124 pages
Book Rating : 4.4/5 (665 download)

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Book Synopsis Human Factors of a Global Society by : Tadeusz Marek

Download or read book Human Factors of a Global Society written by Tadeusz Marek and published by CRC Press. This book was released on 2014-06-02 with total page 1124 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: During the last 60 years the discipline of human factors (HF) has evolved alongside progress in engineering, technology, and business. Contemporary HF is clearly shifting towards addressing the human-centered design paradigm for much larger and complex societal systems, the effectiveness of which is affected by recent advances in engineering, scien

Ethical Frontiers of the State

Author : A. J. M. Milne
Publisher : Springer
ISBN 13 : 1349261947
Total Pages : 345 pages
Book Rating : 4.3/5 (492 download)

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Book Synopsis Ethical Frontiers of the State by : A. J. M. Milne

Download or read book Ethical Frontiers of the State written by A. J. M. Milne and published by Springer. This book was released on 2016-07-27 with total page 345 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The moral justification for government is, that it is needed to promote the community's interest. What is that interest an interest in? Upon what basis can disagreements about the community's interest and individual interests be reconciled? Can democracy enable dissatisfaction with their reconciliation to be lived with? Perhaps, if people are prepared to meet the requirements of democratic citizenship. What are these requirements, and what is their justification? These are the questions with which this book is concerned.

The Experimental Psychology of Beauty

Author : C.W. Valentine
Publisher : Routledge
ISBN 13 : 1317480376
Total Pages : 438 pages
Book Rating : 4.3/5 (174 download)

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Book Synopsis The Experimental Psychology of Beauty by : C.W. Valentine

Download or read book The Experimental Psychology of Beauty written by C.W. Valentine and published by Routledge. This book was released on 2015-06-05 with total page 438 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Originally published in 1962, the experimental study of aesthetics was a field particularly associated with the name of C.W. Valentine, who in this book provided a critical review of research carried out since the end of the nineteenth century principally by British and American psychologists. The investigations described, many of them conducted by the author, are concerned with individual responses to what is commonly regarded as beautiful in painting, music, and poetry, an important distinction being made between the perception of objects as ‘beautiful’ as opposed to ‘pleasing’. The reactions of children and adults, and of people having different ethnic and social backgrounds, are explored in a variety of experiments dealing with specific elements, including colour, form, and balance in painting; musical intervals, discord, harmony, melody, and tempo; and rhythm, metre, imagery, and associations in classical and romantic poetry. Other experiments seek to disclose the temperamental and attitudinal factors underlying individual differences in the judgement and appreciation of specific works of art. Of particular interest are the studies of responses to modern paintings, poems and musical compositions. The findings throw light on the development of discrimination and taste and suggest the possibility of some common factor in the appreciation of these three arts. It was felt that critics as well as psychologists and aestheticians would find much to encourage reflection and to stimulate further research.

Integrating Information Technology and Management for Quality of Care

Author : J. Mantas
Publisher : IOS Press
ISBN 13 : 1614994234
Total Pages : 344 pages
Book Rating : 4.6/5 (149 download)

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Book Synopsis Integrating Information Technology and Management for Quality of Care by : J. Mantas

Download or read book Integrating Information Technology and Management for Quality of Care written by J. Mantas and published by IOS Press. This book was released on 2014-07-24 with total page 344 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The impact of information technology on the management of healthcare has been enormous in recent years, and it continues to grow in scope and complexity. This book presents papers from the 2014 International Conference on Informatics, Management, and Technology in Healthcare (ICIMTH), held in Athens, Greece, in July 2014. The book includes 79 full papers and 12 poster presentations as well as keynotes, two workshops and three tutorials. Papers are divided into sections including: clinical informatics; decision support and intelligent systems; e-learning and education; health informatics, information management and technology assessment; healthcare IT; mobile technology in healthcare; public health informatics and issues; social and legal issues; and telemedicine. The book will be of interest to all those whose work involves the use of biomedical and health informatics.

Citizens as Partners Information, Consultation and Public Participation in Policy-Making

Author : OECD
Publisher : OECD Publishing
ISBN 13 : 9789264195561
Total Pages : 268 pages
Book Rating : 4.1/5 (955 download)

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Book Synopsis Citizens as Partners Information, Consultation and Public Participation in Policy-Making by : OECD

Download or read book Citizens as Partners Information, Consultation and Public Participation in Policy-Making written by OECD and published by OECD Publishing. This book was released on 2001-10-11 with total page 268 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This book examines a wide range of country experiences, offers examples of good practice, highlights innovative approaches and identifies promising tools (including new information technologies)for engaging citizens in policy making. It proposes a set of ten guiding principles.

Seeking Environmental Justice

Author : Sarah Wilks
Publisher : Rodopi
ISBN 13 : 9042023783
Total Pages : 294 pages
Book Rating : 4.0/5 (42 download)

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Book Synopsis Seeking Environmental Justice by : Sarah Wilks

Download or read book Seeking Environmental Justice written by Sarah Wilks and published by Rodopi. This book was released on 2008 with total page 294 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Based on presentations made at the conference entitled Environmental Justice and Global Citizenship held in July 2006 at Oxford, UK, 14 papers consider environmental concerns against their social contexts. Contributors address theories in environmental management as they pertain to society and to orientations in "perverse" ecologies, the framework of sustainability, including voluntary agreements and incentives, class and conflict in environmental governance, including the uses of effective conflict, information management including the public debate on genetic modification and the differences between experts and laymen, environmental activism, education, including environmental education in a course on ethics and international development, and the effects of free trade, corporate capitalism, and empowerment of professionals, on sustainability and international environmental law.

An Epistemic Theory of Democracy

Author : Robert E. Goodin
Publisher : Oxford University Press
ISBN 13 : 0198823452
Total Pages : 469 pages
Book Rating : 4.1/5 (988 download)

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Book Synopsis An Epistemic Theory of Democracy by : Robert E. Goodin

Download or read book An Epistemic Theory of Democracy written by Robert E. Goodin and published by Oxford University Press. This book was released on 2018 with total page 469 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This book examines the Condorcet Jury Theorem and how its assumptions can be applicable to the real world. It will use the theorem to assess various familiar political practices and alternative institutional arrangements, revealing how best to take advantage of the truth-tracking potential of majoritarian democracy.

Middleware 2003

Author : Markus Endler
Publisher : Springer
ISBN 13 : 3540448926
Total Pages : 518 pages
Book Rating : 4.5/5 (44 download)

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Book Synopsis Middleware 2003 by : Markus Endler

Download or read book Middleware 2003 written by Markus Endler and published by Springer. This book was released on 2003-08-03 with total page 518 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Next-generation distributed applications and systems are increasingly developed using middleware. This dependency poses hard R&D challenges, including - tency hiding, masking partial failure, information assurance and security, legacy integration, dynamic service partitioning and load balancing, and end-to-end quality of service speci?cation and enforcement. To address these challenges, researchers and practitioners must discover and validate techniques, patterns, and optimizations for middleware frameworks, multi-level distributed resource management, and adaptive and re?ective middleware architectures. Following the success of the past IFIP/ACM Middleware conferences (Lake District/UK, Palisades/USA, and Heidelberg/Germany) and building upon the success of past USENIX COOTS conferences, the Middleware 2003 conference is the premier international event for middleware research and technology. The scope of the conference is the design, implementation, deployment, and eval- tion of distributed system platforms, architectures, and applications for future computing and communication environments. This year, we had a record of 158 submissions, among which the top 25 - pers were selected for inclusion in the technical program of the conference. All papers were evaluated by at least three reviewers with respect to their origin- ity,technicalmerit,presentationquality,andrelevancetotheconferencethemes. The selected papers present the latest results and breakthroughs on middleware research in areas including peer-to-peer computing, publish-subscriber archit- tures, component- and Web-based middleware, mobile systems, and adaptive computing.

Language, Text, and Knowledge

Author : Lita Lundquist
Publisher : Walter de Gruyter
ISBN 13 : 3110826003
Total Pages : 337 pages
Book Rating : 4.1/5 (18 download)

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Book Synopsis Language, Text, and Knowledge by : Lita Lundquist

Download or read book Language, Text, and Knowledge written by Lita Lundquist and published by Walter de Gruyter. This book was released on 2010-12-14 with total page 337 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The series serves to propagate investigations into language usage, especially with respect to computational support. This includes all forms of text handling activity, not only interlingual translations, but also conversions carried out in response to different communicative tasks. Among the major topics are problems of text transfer and the interplay between human and machine activities.

Individual and Social Influences on Professional Learning

Author : Hans Gruber
Publisher : Springer
ISBN 13 : 3319970410
Total Pages : 218 pages
Book Rating : 4.3/5 (199 download)

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Book Synopsis Individual and Social Influences on Professional Learning by : Hans Gruber

Download or read book Individual and Social Influences on Professional Learning written by Hans Gruber and published by Springer. This book was released on 2018-11-01 with total page 218 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This book examines professional learning and relates it to the acquisition of expertise, and the influence of individuals. Professional learning, as discussed in the book, comprises all kinds of occupational domains because employment and paid work usually follow the achievement principle, i.e. workers are expected to perform efficiently. The book suggests that the perspective of expertise research is an appropriate lens to use for gaining insight in how individuals can be prepared and enabled to autonomously master the requirements of daily working life. Expertise is understood as the capacity to reliably perform on an extraordinary level, and the basic assumption is that experts are best prepared to successfully cope with future challenges at workplaces. The book comprehensively discusses issues of expertise research and explores the nature of a successful individual and an impeded individual. It proposes an integrated model of individual and social components of expertise development, the i-PPP model. The model provides insight in and an understanding of how individuals can be enabled to develop and maintain professional expertise in the context of daily work. Across all paradigms, researchers, policy-makers, employers and trade unionists agree that working conditions undergo permanent change through economic, societal, and technological developments. Recently, the digitalisation of (working) life became a hot topic of scientific and societal discourses. Workplaces, thus, provide challenges for individuals who have to be able to cope with workplace changes. Accordingly, new challenges emerge for an adequate understanding of learning for work as well as learning during work.