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Experiments In Cooperation
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Download or read book Cooperation written by Gerald Marwell and published by Academic Press. This book was released on 2013-10-22 with total page 231 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Cooperation: An Experimental Analysis presents the results of an experimental analysis that sought to identify the factors that inhibit, maintain, or promote cooperation. Two of these factors are given particular attention: inequity and interpersonal risk between potential cooperators. Using a molar approach, the book applies some of the key methodological and theoretical insights of behavioral analysis to a group response that reflects the main conceptual characteristics of cooperation. The extent to which this behavioral response could be controlled by relevant environmental contingencies is also examined. Comprised of nine chapters, this book begins with an overview of the concept of cooperation and the measurement and experimental design used in the study. It then summarizes the results of the first experiments that focus on the link between inequity and cooperation, followed by a discussion on the effect of interpersonal risk on cooperation. Subsequent chapters focus on the role of protection and communication in promoting cooperation despite the presence of risk; the effects of the relationships between partners on the likelihood of cooperating under risk; and how a strategy of "pacifism" could facilitate cooperation. The final chapter summarizes the results of the experiments. This monograph will be of interest to social psychologists and sociologists.
Book Synopsis The Evolution of Cooperation by : Robert Axelrod
Download or read book The Evolution of Cooperation written by Robert Axelrod and published by Basic Books. This book was released on 2009-04-29 with total page 258 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: A famed political scientist's classic argument for a more cooperative world We assume that, in a world ruled by natural selection, selfishness pays. So why cooperate? In The Evolution of Cooperation, political scientist Robert Axelrod seeks to answer this question. In 1980, he organized the famed Computer Prisoners Dilemma Tournament, which sought to find the optimal strategy for survival in a particular game. Over and over, the simplest strategy, a cooperative program called Tit for Tat, shut out the competition. In other words, cooperation, not unfettered competition, turns out to be our best chance for survival. A vital book for leaders and decision makers, The Evolution of Cooperation reveals how cooperative principles help us think better about everything from military strategy, to political elections, to family dynamics.
Book Synopsis Advances in the Sociology of Trust and Cooperation by : Vincent Buskens
Download or read book Advances in the Sociology of Trust and Cooperation written by Vincent Buskens and published by Walter de Gruyter GmbH & Co KG. This book was released on 2020-10-26 with total page 492 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The problem of cooperation is one of the core issues in sociology and social science more in general. The key question is how humans, groups, organizations, institutions, and countries can avoid or overcome the collective good dilemmas that could lead to a Hobbesian "war of all against all". The chapters in this book provide state of the art examples of research on this crucial topic. These include theoretical, laboratory, and field studies on trust and cooperation, thereby approaching the issue in three complementary and synergetic ways. The theoretical work covers articles on trust and control, reputation formation, and paradigmatic articles on the benefits and caveats of abstracting reality into models. The laboratory studies test the implications of different models of trust and reputation, such as the effects of social and institutional embeddedness and the potentially emerging inequalities this may cause. The field studies test these implications in applied settings such as business purchasing and supply, informal care, and different kinds of collaboration networks. This book is exemplary for rigorous social science. The focus is on effects of social conditions, in particular different forms of social and institutional embeddedness, on social outcomes at the macro level. Modelling efforts are applied to connect social conditions to social outcomes through micro-level behavior in ways that are easily overlooked when argumentation is intuitive and impressionistic. The book sets forth a mixed-method approach by applying different empirical methods to test hypotheses about similar questions. Several contributions re-evaluate the theoretical strengths and weaknesses following from the laboratory and field studies. Improving the theory in light of these findings facilitates pushing the boundaries of social science .
Book Synopsis Experiments on Group Conflict and Cooperation by :
Download or read book Experiments on Group Conflict and Cooperation written by and published by . This book was released on with total page 19 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Book Synopsis Field Experiments on Cooperation Behavior by : Nils Christian Hönow
Download or read book Field Experiments on Cooperation Behavior written by Nils Christian Hönow and published by . This book was released on 2021 with total page pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Book Synopsis Experiments in Cooperation by : Glenn E. Schweitzer
Download or read book Experiments in Cooperation written by Glenn E. Schweitzer and published by Twentieth Century Foundation. This book was released on 1997 with total page 196 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: In Experiments in Cooperation, the third book in the Twentieth Century Fund's Russia in Transition series, Glenn E. Schweitzer examines the recent history of U.S.-Russian scientific and technological collaboration.
Book Synopsis Partner Choice and Cooperation in Networks by : Aljaz Ule
Download or read book Partner Choice and Cooperation in Networks written by Aljaz Ule and published by Springer. This book was released on 2009-09-02 with total page 202 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: In this book, a social dilemma with partner selection is introduced and studied with the methods of formal game theory, experimental economics and computer simulations. It allows exploration of simultaneous dynamics of the network structure and cooperative behavior on this structure. The results of this study show that partner choice strongly facilitates cooperation and leads to networks where free-riders are likely to be excluded.
Book Synopsis The Robbers Cave Experiment by : Muzafer Sherif
Download or read book The Robbers Cave Experiment written by Muzafer Sherif and published by Wesleyan University Press. This book was released on 2012-01-01 with total page 264 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Originally issued in 1954 and updated in 1961 and 1987, this pioneering study of "small group" conflict and cooperation has long been out-of-print. It is now available, in cloth and paper, with a new introduction by Donald Campbell, and a new postscript by O.J. Harvey. In this famous experiment, one of the earliest in inter-group relationships, two dozen twelve-year-old boys in summer camp were formed into two groups, the Rattlers and the Eagles, and induced first to become militantly ethnocentric, then intensely cooperative. Friction and stereotyping were stimulated by a tug-of-war, by frustrations perceived to be caused by the "out" group, and by separation from the others. Harmony was stimulated by close contact between previously hostile groups and by the introduction of goals that neither group could meet alone. The experiment demonstrated that conflict and enmity between groups can be transformed into cooperation and vice versa and that circumstances, goals, and external manipulation can alter behavior. Some have seen the findings of the experiment as having implications for reduction of hostility among racial and ethnic groups and among nations, while recognizing the difficulty of control of larger groups.
Book Synopsis Experiments on the Fragility of Cooperation and Mechanisms to Overcome this Problem by : Stefan Grosse
Download or read book Experiments on the Fragility of Cooperation and Mechanisms to Overcome this Problem written by Stefan Grosse and published by . This book was released on 2011 with total page 120 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Book Synopsis Metamagical Themas by : Douglas R Hofstadter
Download or read book Metamagical Themas written by Douglas R Hofstadter and published by Basic Books. This book was released on 2008-08-04 with total page 622 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Hofstadter's collection of quirky essays is unified by its primary concern: to examine the way people perceive and think.
Download or read book Bulletin written by and published by . This book was released on 1918 with total page 752 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Book Synopsis Cooperation, Coordination and Competition by : Simin He
Download or read book Cooperation, Coordination and Competition written by Simin He and published by . This book was released on 2017 with total page 125 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: "This dissertation explores how cooperation, coordination and competition are influenced by communication and population structure. The studies in this dissertation combine game theoretic modeling with laboratory experiments. The models' predictions provide a benchmark for the laboratory experiments; the laboratory experiments in turn test the theoretical predictions. More specifically, the first study discussed in this dissertation finds that type detection and commitment value are the most important drivers of the effect of face-to-face communication on cooperation in social dilemmas. The second study suggests that sequential communication is very effective in the battle of the sexes game but ineffective in chicken games. The third study shows that being a member of the minority group can be beneficial in competitive environments but disadvantageous in cooperative environments."--Samenvatting auteur.
Book Synopsis Cooperation (Psychology Revivals) by : Michael Argyle
Download or read book Cooperation (Psychology Revivals) written by Michael Argyle and published by Routledge. This book was released on 2013-11-26 with total page 293 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Is human nature cooperative? Man is often said to be a social animal – but what does that mean? Michael Argyle believed that one of the most important components – our capacity to cooperate – had been overlooked and indeed that the whole notion of cooperation had not been properly understood. In this book, originally published in 1991, the author showed he was critical of earlier approaches, and put forward a new and extended understanding of what cooperation consists of, showing the form it took in different relationships and its origins in evolution and socialisation. He offered new solutions to intergroup and other social problems and took a new look at language and communication as a cooperative enterprise.
Book Synopsis Report on Agricultural Experiment Stations and Cooperative Agricultural Extension Wotk in the United States for the Year Ended ... by :
Download or read book Report on Agricultural Experiment Stations and Cooperative Agricultural Extension Wotk in the United States for the Year Ended ... written by and published by . This book was released on 1915 with total page 130 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Book Synopsis Advances in the Sociology of Trust and Cooperation by : Vincent Buskens
Download or read book Advances in the Sociology of Trust and Cooperation written by Vincent Buskens and published by . This book was released on 2020-10 with total page 450 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The problem of cooperation and social order is one of the core issues in the social sciences. The key question is how humans, groups, institutions, and countries can avoid or overcome the collective good dilemmas that could lead to a Hobbesian war of all against all. Using the general set of social dilemmas as a paradigmatic example, rigorous formal analysis can stimulate scientific progress in several ways. The book, consisting of original articles, provides state of the art examples of research along these lines: theoretical, experimental, and field studies on trust and cooperation. The theoretical work covers articles on trust and control, reputation formation, and paradigmatic articles on the benefits and caveats of abstracting reality into models. The experimental articles treat lab based tests of models of trust and reputation, and the effects of the social and institutional embeddedness on behavior in cooperative interactions and possibly emerging inequalities. The field studies test these models in applied settings such as cooperation between organizations, informal care, and different kinds of collaboration networks. The book will be exemplary for rigorous sociology and social sciences more in general in a variety of ways: There is a focus on effects of social conditions, in particular different forms of social and institutional embeddedness, on social outcomes. Theorizing about and testing of effects of social contexts on individual and group outcomes is one of the main aims of sociological research. Modelling efforts include formal explications of micro-macro links that are typically easily overlooked when argumentation is intuitive and impressionistic Extensive attention is paid to unintended effects of intentional behavior, another feature that is a direct consequence of formal theoretical modelling and in-depth data-analyses of the social processes. By combining different empirical methods on the same questions, essentially the book sets forth a mixed-method design across chapters, allowing for a more convincing body of evidence per underlying question Some theoretical contributions re-evaluate what has been learned from the experimental and field results about the strengths and weaknesses of the earlier theoretical propositions, and extend the theory in light of these findings.
Book Synopsis Cooperation Over Finite Horizons by : Attila Ambrus
Download or read book Cooperation Over Finite Horizons written by Attila Ambrus and published by . This book was released on 2007 with total page pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This paper proposes a theory of cooperation over finite horizons, focusing on public good contribution games, that implies the broadly documented feature of decreasing cooperation over time. The central assumption is that there are two types of players: those who only care about their own material payoffs, and those who reciprocate others' contributions. The main result is that if reciprocity functions satisfy some regularity conditions, then generically there is a unique perfect equilibrium, in which contributions are decreasing. In this equilibrium, selfish players contribute to induce subsequent contributions by reciprocal players, and this incentive diminishes as the end of the play approaches. The model explains the puzzling restart effect and is consistent with various other empirical findings. In one-shot games, the model predicts no contributions.We also report the results of a series of experiments, using a probabilistic continuation design in which after each round, the game is restarted with low probability. The results support the implications of our model that the restart effect is present even with experienced players, whereas, in one-shot games, contributions disappear with experience. We show that experienced players correctly foresee the pattern of contributions, suggesting that the declining pattern comes from equilibrium play. We also identify the presence of conditional reciprocity among experienced players, and document that selfish players (identified exogenously) stop contributing earlier than reciprocal players, as implied by the model.
Book Synopsis The Complexity of Cooperation by : Robert Axelrod
Download or read book The Complexity of Cooperation written by Robert Axelrod and published by Princeton University Press. This book was released on 1997-08-18 with total page 247 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Robert Axelrod is widely known for his groundbreaking work in game theory and complexity theory. He is a leader in applying computer modeling to social science problems. His book The Evolution of Cooperation has been hailed as a seminal contribution and has been translated into eight languages since its initial publication. The Complexity of Cooperation is a sequel to that landmark book. It collects seven essays, originally published in a broad range of journals, and adds an extensive new introduction to the collection, along with new prefaces to each essay and a useful new appendix of additional resources. Written in Axelrod's acclaimed, accessible style, this collection serves as an introductory text on complexity theory and computer modeling in the social sciences and as an overview of the current state of the art in the field. The articles move beyond the basic paradigm of the Prisoner's Dilemma to study a rich set of issues, including how to cope with errors in perception or implementation, how norms emerge, and how new political actors and regions of shared culture can develop. They use the shared methodology of agent-based modeling, a powerful technique that specifies the rules of interaction between individuals and uses computer simulation to discover emergent properties of the social system. The Complexity of Cooperation is essential reading for all social scientists who are interested in issues of cooperation and complexity.
