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Experimental Study Of Submerged Turbulent Twin Jets Interacting With A Free Surface And A Solid Wall
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Book Synopsis Experimental Study of Submerged Turbulent Twin Jets Interacting with a Free Surface and a Solid Wall by : Ebenezer Essel
Download or read book Experimental Study of Submerged Turbulent Twin Jets Interacting with a Free Surface and a Solid Wall written by Ebenezer Essel and published by . This book was released on 2018 with total page 0 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This thesis presents an experimental investigation of the effects of offset height ratio and boundary condition (free surface and solid wall) on the turbulence characteristics of submerged twin jets issuing from two parallel round nozzles. A particle image velocimetry (PIV) technique was used to conduct two sets of experiments. The first set of experiments focused on twin surface jets at Reynolds number, Re = 4400, separation ratio (G/d = 2.3) and offset heights, 1d, 2d, 3d and 4d from the free surface. The second set of experiments, which was designed based on the main findings of the previous experiment, examined the effects of free surface and wall on the turbulence structure of the twin jets. These experiments were performed at Re = 5000, G/d = 2 and offset heights, 1d, 2d and 4d from the free surface or wall. For the surface jets, the mean velocity and turbulence intensities at the free surface rapidly increased beyond the attachment point by amounts that increases with decreasing offset ratio. Further downstream, the surface transverse turbulence intensities decayed to negligible values while the streamwise turbulence intensities were persistent because of the energy redistribution from the transverse Reynolds normal stress to the tangential (streamwise and spanwise) Reynolds stresses. For both boundary conditions, the attachment length, Reynolds stresses and the spatial extents of the large-scale structures increased with increasing offset ratio. The transition of the twin jets to a single jet was more rapid as offset ratio increases due to the enhanced entrainment and mixing for larger offset ratios. The evolution of the jet farther away from the free surface or wall behaved like a free jet, but the decay rate of the jet interacting with each boundary was substantially reduced in the far field due to confinement effects. The difference between the effects of free surface and wall on the mean velocity, Reynolds stresses and triple velocity correlations were confined to the immediate vicinity of each boundary. The interaction between the large-scale structures and the boundaries were also investigated using various multi-point statistical techniques such as discrete wavelet transform, linear stochastic estimation, swirling strength, joint probability density function and two-point velocity correlations. The results showed that, the wall considerably reduced the spatial coherence of the structures embodied in the transverse auto-correlations compared to those near the free surface.
Book Synopsis Experimental Investigation of Nozzle Geometry Effect on the Characteristics and Structure of Submerged Twin Jets by : Chidiebere Felix Nwaiwu
Download or read book Experimental Investigation of Nozzle Geometry Effect on the Characteristics and Structure of Submerged Twin Jets written by Chidiebere Felix Nwaiwu and published by . This book was released on 2020 with total page 0 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The effects of nozzle geometry on the mean and turbulent characteristics of submerged twin jets were experimentally investigated. The experiments were conducted at fixed Reynolds number and offset height ratio of 4,400 and h⁄d=2, respectively. The jets were produced from three nozzle geometries: round, square, and rectangle, with the rectangular nozzle geometry oriented in the minor (rect_min) and major (rect_maj) planes. The twin nozzles of each geometry type were aligned parallel to the free surface, and the separation ratio between the twin jets was fixed at G⁄d=2.3 for all cases. Velocity measurements were obtained using a particle image velocimetry (PIV) technique, and analyses of various quantities such as the instantaneous, mean, and surface velocities, as well as the turbulent statistics were performed. The jet-free surface interaction was examined using mean and turbulent surface velocities at the free surface, velocity defect, and vorticity thickness. Two-point velocity correlation and joint probability density function revealed the dynamics of the turbulent structures. Results from the velocity contours showed that the shear layer expansion was most rapid in twin jets produced from the rect_min nozzle geometry, which resulted in the shortest attachment length to the free surface. The instantaneous velocity field showed the most prograde and retrograde vortices in the rect_min nozzle geometry, accounting for the fastest shear layer expansion. Surface-normal profiles of the Reynolds stress ratio showed an enhancement of about 60% at the free surface and that the Townsend structure parameter was dependent on nozzle geometry. The mean surface velocity revealed that the free surface was in a state of strain due to alternating velocity gradient and was most intense in the rect_min jet. Large-scale structures produced along the centreline of the jet father away from the free surface (jet B) showed a larger streamwise extent compared to those along the centreline of the jet closer to the free surface (jet A) and were independent of nozzle geometry. Analysis of the joint probability density function of the streamwise and surface-normal velocity fluctuations showed that within the shear layer, the Reynolds shear stress producing events were dominated by slow entrainment and fast ejection events, and the damping effect of the free surface was least on the rect_min jets.
Download or read book Applied mechanics reviews written by and published by . This book was released on 1948 with total page 400 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Book Synopsis Dynamics of a Turbulent Jet Interacting with a Free Surface by : Norberto Mangiavacchi
Download or read book Dynamics of a Turbulent Jet Interacting with a Free Surface written by Norberto Mangiavacchi and published by . This book was released on 1994 with total page 320 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Book Synopsis An Experimental Study on Rectangular Twin Jets by : Duygu Erdem
Download or read book An Experimental Study on Rectangular Twin Jets written by Duygu Erdem and published by . This book was released on 2001 with total page pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Interaction of two incompressible rectangular jets and impingement of twin jets on a flat surface are investigated experimentally in the present study. Five different twin jet geometries are used to perform the measurements.Detailed analysis of initial flow characteristics as the initial boundary layer,turbulence level and the initial spectral distribution of the velocity fluctuations are presented first. Twin jet flow characteristics are examined by using three different Reynolds numbers based on the nozzle exit height. Flow pattern is investigated on lateral and spanwise directions. Following the twin jet experiments, results are compared with those of offset jet flow. Then, the effect of a convex surface between two jet exits on the flow development is examined.Twin jet impingement on a flat surface is investigated. To examine the effect of the non-dimensional nozzle to plate distance (Y /H+) on the flow , experiments are performed for three different nozzle to plate distances (Y/H+=2, 4, 8). Resultant velocity and turbulence intensity profiles and pressure distributions on the plate are measured.The mean velocity and turbulence intensities are measured by using constanttemperature hot-wire anemometry. Flow visualization techniques as smokevisualization and surface oil film technique are used for qualitative investigation of flow pattern. Pressure distributions on the impingement plate are measured by means of the pressure tabs on the surface and a micro manometer.This study consists of five chapters. Chapter 1 is the introduction which outlines the objectives and the means of the study. Chapter 2 describes basic principles of the turbulent, incompressible jet flow structure and gives literature review of the experimental studies and recent advances on the characteristics of the flow. Experimental flow facility , instrumentation and experimental procedures are described in Chapter 3. Experimental results are presented in Chapter 4. Finally, conclusions are given in Chapter 5. .
Book Synopsis Experimental Study of Three-dimensional Turbulent Jet-solid Boundary Interaction by : Christos D. Tsitouras
Download or read book Experimental Study of Three-dimensional Turbulent Jet-solid Boundary Interaction written by Christos D. Tsitouras and published by . This book was released on 1987 with total page 402 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Book Synopsis The Theory of Turbulent Jets by : G. N. Abramovich
Download or read book The Theory of Turbulent Jets written by G. N. Abramovich and published by Mit Press. This book was released on 1963 with total page 671 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The author's first monograph on turbulent jets, in 1936, dealt solely with a free submerged jet. Since that time, the theory of the turbulent jet has been developed in many published works both in the USSR and abroad: it has been enriched with a large amount of experimental material and has been applied in many new fields of engineering. In the last 10 years very substantial progress has been made, and it has now become possible to go beyond the free submerged jet and to solve the problem of a jet in a stream of fluid, to take into account the interaction between the jet and solid walls, to ascertain the relationship between the contour of the jet and the ratio of its density to the density of the surrounding medium, and to establish the characteristic features of a supersonic jet. This monograph contains the results of further research by the author and his colleagues, as well as a critical reappraisal of the more important theoretical and experimental data published by other investigators. The first section deals with the theory of a turbulent jet of incompressible fluid. It gives a systematic analysis of numerous experimental data on velocity profiles, temperature, and the impurity concentration, as well as the outlines of the turbulent mixing lone. The second section sets forth the theory of turbulent gas jets, including strongly preheated and supersonic jets. The theory of free turbulence in a gas, suitable in principle for any degree of compressibility, is revised, and the equations are derived for motion and heat exchange in the boundary layer of a jet at very high temperature. The third section solves several problems of the spreading of jets in finite and semifinite space, and the fourth section describes various applications of the theory of jets, many of which are reported for the first time or have been significantly revised.
Book Synopsis An Experimental Study of a Plane Turbulent Wall Jet on Smooth and Rough Surfaces by : Zhujun Tang
Download or read book An Experimental Study of a Plane Turbulent Wall Jet on Smooth and Rough Surfaces written by Zhujun Tang and published by . This book was released on 2016 with total page pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Book Synopsis Scientific and Technical Aerospace Reports by :
Download or read book Scientific and Technical Aerospace Reports written by and published by . This book was released on 1991 with total page 1460 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Lists citations with abstracts for aerospace related reports obtained from world wide sources and announces documents that have recently been entered into the NASA Scientific and Technical Information Database.
Book Synopsis An Experimental Study of Periodic, Axisymmetric, Submerged Turbulent Water Jets by : P. S. Srinivasan
Download or read book An Experimental Study of Periodic, Axisymmetric, Submerged Turbulent Water Jets written by P. S. Srinivasan and published by . This book was released on 1972 with total page 564 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Book Synopsis A Theoretical and Experimental Study of Twin Jet Interaction by : Mohammad Shamsul Alam
Download or read book A Theoretical and Experimental Study of Twin Jet Interaction written by Mohammad Shamsul Alam and published by . This book was released on 1967 with total page 444 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Book Synopsis An Experimental Study of Two Dimensional Turbulent Wall Jet Over Cylindrical Surfaces by : Han-Lieh Liu
Download or read book An Experimental Study of Two Dimensional Turbulent Wall Jet Over Cylindrical Surfaces written by Han-Lieh Liu and published by . This book was released on 1970 with total page 326 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Book Synopsis An Experimental Investigation of Interactions which Develop Between Adjacent Low Speed, Turbulent, Quasi-two-dimensional Free Jets Impinging Upon a Wall by : Arun Lawrence Warren Bokde
Download or read book An Experimental Investigation of Interactions which Develop Between Adjacent Low Speed, Turbulent, Quasi-two-dimensional Free Jets Impinging Upon a Wall written by Arun Lawrence Warren Bokde and published by . This book was released on 1989 with total page 228 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book כוכבי-סמטאות written by and published by . This book was released on 1953 with total page pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Book Synopsis Experimental Investigation of Twin and Triple Elliptic Free Jets with Various Nozzle Orientations by : Ella Morris
Download or read book Experimental Investigation of Twin and Triple Elliptic Free Jets with Various Nozzle Orientations written by Ella Morris and published by . This book was released on 2020 with total page 0 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The effects of nozzle orientation on the mixing and turbulent characteristics of elliptical free triple and twin jets were studied experimentally. The experiments were conducted using modified contoured nozzles with a sharp linear contraction. The centers of the nozzle pair had a separation ratio of s/d = 5.5 for twin jets and s/d = 4.1 for triple jets. For the twin-jet system, two nozzle configurations were tested, twin nozzles oriented along the minor plane (Twin_Minor) and twin nozzles oriented along the major plane (Twin_Major) and the results were compared with single jet. For the triple-jets system, three nozzle configurations were tested. The first configuration had each nozzle oriented along the minor plane (3_Minor), the next had two nozzles oriented along the minor plane and one along the major plane (Min_Maj_Min) and the last configuration had one nozzle oriented along the minor plane and two along the major plane (Maj_Min_Maj). In each case, the Reynolds number based on the maximum jet velocity and the equivalent diameter was 10,000. A planar particle image velocimetry system was used to measure the velocity field in the jet symmetry plane. The velocity decay, jet spread, merging point, combined point and potential core length were used to characterize the effects of nozzle orientation on the mixing performance. For both twin jets and triple jets, it was observed that the velocity decay rate is not sensitive to nozzle orientation. However, the spread rate was approximately 35% higher in the minor plane for each configuration. In addition, the potential core length for 3_Minor was approximately 42% shorter than Twin_Minor. Furthermore, contour plots of swirling strength, Reynolds shear stress and turbulent intensities revealed significant differences between the minor and major plane for both twin and triple jets. One-dimensional plots revealed that jets approached self-similarity at a faster rate in the major axis.
Book Synopsis An Experimental Study of Plane Turbulent Buoyant Surface Jets and Jumps by : N. Rajaratnam
Download or read book An Experimental Study of Plane Turbulent Buoyant Surface Jets and Jumps written by N. Rajaratnam and published by . This book was released on 1983 with total page 168 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Book Synopsis Experimental Investigation of Submerged, Turbulent, Array of Air Jets Impinging on a Flat Plate by : Samir Sethi
Download or read book Experimental Investigation of Submerged, Turbulent, Array of Air Jets Impinging on a Flat Plate written by Samir Sethi and published by . This book was released on 1984 with total page 448 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
